Indian Antiquary, A Journal Of Oriental Research

THE

INDIAN ANTIQUARY,

A JOURNAL OF ORIENTAL RESEARCH

AltnimnOT. HISTORY. LRBUTm 1 nmittOPIT. 1EMCHIX. MMCIAIIK.

Ac.. Ac.. Ac

TTIJTtT) JTV

JAS BCHGR5. MR.A&, F.RX»&.

w»»mi #• u vcvn* rttwfv «r »#

*•!>•»>• am m tvmi ftm,

tol ix.-m

POVBAT •

F»nriCT .ro rvBJBo •» Hi KDCC-1T10S S0CU11 • PRF.f*. Bi.ru*.
T*6r*n • o* f.« i uwt fciu.nramo,
»*• Twi *. «nnuin * c*.

ieso.

THE

INDIAN ANTIQUARY,

A JOURNAL OF ORIENTAL RESEARCH

IS

AttdimWiY, HISTORY, I.ITKIt ATHltR, UXUOACIM. I'llll.OSOPlIY, BRI.lGIfK. FrtI.KI.OBK.

Ac., Ac., Ac.

MUTKO HY

.IAS. mj no ess. m.u.a.s.. i’.u.o.s..

nmmi u nociiTi' »*ur^rr. ruiow «* rim ->r •••*»»»,

*«rH*'i[ou!< .r. ax w nov , »«»n..vt, wwmx i.«n*.

VOL. IX.-1KS0.

BOMBAY i

Piumn .X Pcbiuiiui AT Tilt UDUOATION SOCIKTrs CRrs*. Tin vim
Lokdot TRUHNIK k Co. Pabi*i K. LtltOUX. Ill lilt . *. ASIIEK l Co.
St* Youki B. WEimiRMASN A Co.

1880 .

CONTENTS

At. IW/ nn<ir< a’r.,nr*4 a^kabtlicaDy.

riu

H«. 8. I1KAT, B.A.. rrofomr afChlmm, Dni>*.

illy CiiUtyv, Loodcmi—

TV Swann. _ ii>

1 '»" B.arcmn* — _ _ 41

A»Uiilium _. _ _ m

Tti.Ttolh 8«l of AMi M

Ilia .»>.« |W mird 3>*a. 9 . 121

TV> Sfra. »IM N,.« lain -iu, <«.'&l<ur W\.„

Wuuu.'

Btve.aamit of Hi roMcrx humriii
Tb» Uiinnii.r lv» lining •« Kiu-iiao-awa* .

lin liivlli -lli>^iiia<ui>— Kuvna . . _ .

8toj» of tlu tlm Uul *U> itmi'k bo iiolbur
Tb* Kiiuim* w mmn of Iliiiiniita
UHAGVANLAL IXDR.UI l'A?<l>IT, n.«uha, 1 —

Hw Suva Piui.iauI

Ixi:iu*ritisn from NirK (», Dr. BkMtr)

Vo,.. II. II. IIIUNraU K.K , Aurtu, tl 1*1.* 1 —

Il» 0 >«oii «<»*>ri i.a Sun T«»n*

rHfot Nmom

nil 0 Ill'll l.l'B. O.I.R. t—

Iv.r.itnn.. non Null (t. HU«.li,!fo U.lnOll.. Ml
V.ubiii OaaarNm XV. .. I»;

I). A. 0. HtIRNIiLL. Fh.D.. M C A, Tnnjnr* 1 —

II.Mli Nollt..— Tun Ml...., llmuta* of lb TU

0ol.UI4.hrf . ... :n I

„ Mi. MMI.f*. -Sil.Jl.il Trv. fr.~

J“P«» ••• - JW

., IldMmuilt'. Nm* aiil Vollmiuni.

Ml

Ilf

104

Ml

Ml

m

tin

nr

0 n DViACK, BlI.IiA.ii-
. Pnimo.l (unit. flnni lllllllllf ■ ...

Ri>. J. CAIN, Hini.nb.l-in -
IV. Yumu I.IMIIMII - ...

A IIUU OOMTAIILB, C.r. .Uhl.mu,-

.loinn Wain fbe |uiut>»

JIN

nil

10?

m

Pm,. B. B COWKLL, M.A., t'amlnl/or—
TU HaftlsaMEA

0 . u. PVMAvr. M..V . b.c.».,

1 *. .m * me, -Mill Nof» llilli I-
Ilr 111 .ll FiuM/ran til'iU'U Mm

Ui- IV|iiil,
DlMitt.—

1. Tl»p HriVmi &«4 Uu>

|

1. A4f« Wifi

a ... 1

* Th*. 1Mr.^nrihUt«.> WIin

• ... a. *

KP. B. KAHTWICK. C.D.l—

CMAMi'.\Xllt Adi

. .» a. til

TV KI)lTf>R S -

R^cMl fmn

Mn-twAuIiu.

Bc-lU ftIH am

m. a. 1 1

• RiiiMU'ilUir »

M

A VSR ko. a.

... M* *)

Kht Tiiftinw

am 810

IH I.iihl &ti«l Park IVl ilffcfe

.a. ... t#l

Wfil/n (MUiOnnt »»f Amla M

... 801

Hc4*r Fxliiw of r#l». 7* A.O.

NMiTP llicttim nf Vtnliio

... .a • 301

P.ntcir*i A. M. FAIR BA IRK. LLD., Almhb
Coll, Brvlfonli-

li-il Notio. 1 Mai M tiller'* Iu.udu 1 U. 1 a la the
S-'liuw of R.iliroa 1 >nl Uetarr. ca Iho Ofiyin
und om-lh of B.; r-m - ... -

J. F1.XI.T Do. C.8 , M.n. A.H. 1 —

S' li'i'tiiinmn nf • Wiaito. Culiiiv.
Oalrrik _ ... _. ... „

8a.»air avii Ol.i Caatanr li»nmrai-
N-. LX I. -In a l..-,lo .1 Ail.c.)*

LX II.- ,U llo l.midi at flaliiiiMka,

Ailn/n

LX 111. —On auulr' irnipln at AIM"
LXIV.-li Ilf t.ii|di of Ntr*,.n»
I.XV.-lnicrl|<lu. of Tmildl,. .alia. A
9Ni

ill

I.XVI.

m

.1 Alliolft daU.ld.VW.

PC

LXVII.

of mil ChU V. K

i*i:i -

IK

LXVIII.

M

.i Afeii., A nun.

LXIX.

••

dalxl DOIIi i.’KU V. K.
in. met)

Ml

LXX.

ff

al Aiho|«, 8 1131

•Cl

LXXL-0u.il

li.iri|4lia of CliAiaorila II.

LX XII. Iuai.l|«l.iii i« a mil a) Allm> lltl
LX.XIII .. w a hu.lilf. at BUA.l M
LXVIV. flra.lof Vijayalu. IOaia.nl III*

I.XS4 , -IVW Omni id Af.I.amt Mf

IAS VI -W l-Ul.ll>* Omul of S'.mvir.

•Halloa ... _ 10

LXXVlI.-W. UhaltAja Omul of V0*,Uu^.

Auol 'I. oa lit

d\XVII|.-W dial ah) a O.au of Vg«,»-

illfyii. »*. iM 7 •... I«|

LXXIX.-W. ( lialoLtn Omni of V0.,Alil,a IW
LXXX -B|.a4... W. Claalakr> <lroui nf

ralikiiin, Aiha SI* ... fa

Hi.. T. FOUI.KKS. I' L.S. M.H.A H., Il.-f.li. -

Gail, if Vila Ciaiu — ... 4}

II... A. F niTIHILPlI HOimXLE. II. l> rolmiu
Null ‘ >« n n.<a<n lu4(«ir»ioi frolu Mai . If

u 11 nmvouTn, p.b. A.,n..im.-
rillfnmu Kul. aail >•• AavrilOH, 00 . 311, m I U
Paul IIKBMAXK JACOBI, I’ll D. Mu-^i-

Oa Bahaa—

1*1 Mtilila > mill Ida Famreivnaa
KAHlIINATII tlllMUAK II.LAKO, M.,„ Lt.l..

II 111 U 1 , 1 —

A N*u IliluCmrnnin Giuit

IW. Mol >.4 of K'.f, iiii l.iiiui. ilia
K. RAG U UN ATIfi I, R'inbiy »—
llfijauxonacmrw

*>

SI

C\rr. : » F. MACKENZIE 1—
ini. Xuiia ... _

ft. ITS

;a

CONTENTS.

J. Ml* I II. R*,.. DAI., LL.D, IMi.D.. Rdloborsb —

M I.'IUC-%1 VlMtftOXk frj» th*> r—

EMU ufltiituUka ... - ... ... ... 2>

llinli .S|H«v^ W

dftliuft Mil Ihitlrt of >’iit<nlilii|>

F*t» uf lW»» *L» ImUho IM m HrtMk Ac. ... M

Tin Imliuu Ilalkiiulat a Atctail Yiuu« ... ... ^7

Kin** i»* ti© C*> noui.iatur<4 Ill

A W..J4 Mm IU

H**k XMiv Af *Uundu<4» Lcfev ... M

Du. It. Miri.u:u. l-L D.. AuIju.iIijuuI 8amjoc,
tUylmi-

JImmhf <« tlio An* irM I'liM/noHi in llir NfHli*
W^trm ftwinct m >1 m th. UitlrMU*J Uttutd
Mil Tri»k.Mi.d. .. ... ... ». JOS

Uiv. n. u. rone. n.n. M.n.A.a„n«M*iur:-

Kuik» ox tii* Vnrsxfof Tim >.\EU» %tt (oMtinmd

in.oifui. vm, r . utf) ... m

lluv. vr. i. BIC II AH DU, Oh. Mu.. ttiifely i-
Xirrft«M llii T» you Pii.iVOUilTmfitwni .. 1$>
Dm. M. HOHT. II.. D., L.lifirti.1. Xailii 0(1 «m -

IW. Hi lu.ru. HI

lh>4 NiilUmr IKIMUm.II* R. immiIi* 114

m •« lUmU'i (\NU|iuilht nmimnir (if

lit* tiamjto nu

m i. VIiu>h|h4mUi| .. IU

w. HANDlXirtD. .MIUm.1«i*UU
A/POIXT Ilf KWAVAtlOft* mi*]© our M iVIhTAlA 138

n il. HiNAnr. )*.<- —

ti.Iv. • Mrniwiof ii.iJmi mo

Pint .ml Hum, I lill.u ... ... . Ml

TUnl Kill. - r*T

Mol V. A. 8VEKL.—

Poi.iiimh la IIn I'i viiii, oltli uioUlliim by LVol.

B. O. 'JV-jJr, U.8.C., F.II.U-S, Ac —

I. Tlio miry of LitiU Sen

-. TV H|Un.ur aid Urn tow VC

a. Tim I.avlef Halli _ ... 8W

4. Tlir Kan of Ui. Crmdilra ... ... 8>U

ft. Uiiuguii lUil.lAcLII

Pool. c. II. TA'TXBY, M.A., CaUnllu i—

■’iilllin I'ii. K. il. ... ... il, SM

llool Null.. .>f li<li.ii Fain Tain, by Mull, Sick™, ft?
Li hit II. UTUMI'I.K, n.S.O, F-ll.0.8., it, i—
Pw.uio.it lu Uiu I’.wtli-Nolra ... 9*1,

llolnui.l Ou.'V iQur'yl ...Mil

K. Till IM AH, r.B.8, Uamo. iU riu.f. ilu IVwtn

Aim i Omm hi

'ii.: ,s...i i »* _, ,_ ,„ „ rr.

IKoiiiin 8vvitm» 1 ... ... .Ilf,

■I I, Tim Wkivl... ... _. lift

„ „ Vlihoa Mu ... lift

i. i. Tim llrnii >m lift

M. J. WALIIOUBK, luo M.C'.K. i-

lUUIu'.llalr ftf

Aura nnimi.il, Norm No. Cl i;il-.il I'cmlbli. 71
„ n DuvIiU., ICii

„ 10 Irlll.li'li (Ml

iw. AM. wnnwi. IMi.D.. ii hiu -

IWj.»lm*lU Mrtri'o Dullbt n„,t «u

Ilu K.W. VVCH'f, Mu. t -

lliiulilil.il UN*. ... ... |i»

I'laitu lixiiiiiixiii Kali at) iffl

Dual NuUm i IV VtiiiilliM IrawlaU'il by In.

I ii mini tq iAI

8IILK0T1ON8 AM) UIH.TiLI.ANKA,

Jmom Wolralli* ruloMr . ... 10. 1*7

.Hm Piriinula ., 77

tlm Omnium uf Cbuul'i by W. OmiB'UIMn 'll

'11m NMyAnUfi, *Mlm HI

Tim OMIm Al.iiiii'd of Urn IVirJ. »l

Tl" n.m. by IU.. W. Aymt, M.A NO

A lliuia Kl-B. u> lb. Oi.|a.. till

Vrnf. Hiblifoif by Dr. II. Ilvirt .III

DMorrry "< Wjani'o CinnaniOary no Vm AUiirro
Voio, by iliioUr loo Unni I'm)*. M A. ... HU
Ibnmrl. <■ Hi. |...nJiu, by IVsf. I’. Hu Millin' 9U

A. Wobnr mul klib. BIJubIidIU MIlrA Si-

IT- Kioiuont cl Uo on.nul A.) in lli.m i"«i

A.I.4.1II A.iKan linlry 3U*

TV (nirllitloao v.f l\,inlu.l by M. ft-ii.rl UV

IMIiuin I.f Ilu lloUVIil hlpiurc- I./ Ilr II. M.irm. S'”
- I’M. y Mu lullur. W

irimlu M.lf.nml il Of«W* . gut

TV K lilfc I,, IV/. »*. )l u Uftllnr

Oallpor "f I''* lit, ,'mi A.D., by i. II. ilu.

Nill,» llUunn oMndim *UI« inn

Ao A|i|nUi» ...i by Uir 8 MM Ouih.i 1 uf lulu.. In.

X0TK.S AND QUEIUKfl.

I. Buillu . lUir.by II. BMl.^irtiaci M. 1. Vt. s
Ldiu* „ ... _ ... ... ia

i. IVN-r Nomr., by N4tfi|iK> AiJoo.Hr i B. Il II.;

U. R. Tiriri ... _ 111. till JOT

* Brilmiut Dmi, by TJ-it B. C. Twiplo 8S»

*. IniUnu Arm* ... Bin

ft. Kip I'urinvi jjii

(I. Iiigtt »ni Doib FurliortiV byC E. <1 C.oml J. II. am
7- Cbunbi, by M. B. Tirioi M>

ASIATIC SOCIETIES.

Ruyol Aohlir Swirty ._ ... ... *K\ Kl, 311 Arintir S.„.>lj of Bocir.1 a* SHI

Swifti Aonlnv ... Stf, .111 Awricou Orliulol S«iKy ... im

OrrnM Orimlol Sxic-.j _. ... jy

CONTENTS

BOOK NOTICES.

rtm

1. IM. Mrvi MAW a Intiolootlon b> llx S<io%»

or IUIm-.i> i mill I,*cturri nn iho Oriyva mil
Orawlli of lloll|(ii.i bj IViiajal A. M. la*,
toini, LI.. II ... _ _ 3u

2. A riiui.al DMkmuj . I Hindu Mjtholctfy ud

IWilion, tiioinjti). IliUory ud Litrratura ... .11
il. AI)imUi(hn Ul*u i di. CiUnr Jar VolUcliMt
Ar« nxAdf. Kiilduid daon<«al|t. .on H.ml<U
/.iniin'r |-tiy I). Join Muir, DIM,., A;, D|
*• Ini inn »a,ry TllM, ciJllUml mid IruaUtol by

Mniv. .Stoim-by C. II. T. b?

(1. KAfyitikfnuningrnUi a OtWUaa of I\x4ir.l iml
Ili—orinJ llaaaaa in MorAjh) ... (4

ll. BriliaV Itomnli mil ita l’.i.|.V., byOa|it. C. ]. i\ 8.

r.ni-., r n.o.8. i,» w. r. s. ... n;

7. B.i.l.lba (In, 4 ibo III. mil. O' nf dibyn Muni, by
IMJandaub'di Milrl, lili.D., C I I!. ... 114,111

“• nio Mil... K (1. Ua.titii.lt- 1,> K II. Ill)

U. Lilrmry ll.ni.ii, . uf Hi . Tlm-Siao GnVl-lhlc* -
'•y *• •* 9h

III. Ilii.f ilr'i OompnnUmi Onavaar of Ihn Gmijun

I.MHii.i-4i-b| II. n SM

II. OtdnnWg'a Vina, ap, Ink tan i by II. R M.I

13. II.. Midkt’a Maria Vail rnlii»,,»l in h|U|

-byA. II. ... HI

»». rvlnlu, lo InOua Nt>J.«l.

'-»!»• u.iimU-, 1 . h .ru mi

II. VI. in 1/y.ml. iln OamMiiak In IIimiJIi. dt*
IbrnniM, Ac, par M-tn. 1'. Uitfud.l ’IVU.
u linn^.. mi V. (Iniinin.

Tin Ub Of Ltvand <f (l.nlnnikUM luddbi .if

•bo »: by tin III. II.-.. P. III*., unlit,

lull.* ,4 ILinnlU 1*1

*voi

11 SttatisM fr-xn lb> Kir-la by B. W Lu«, to.
(i»il nut ctilargol by 8. L iv Poile.

Ka«a.U float lb. Conui, octaapilul by Sir W.

Muir, K.U. 8.1 ~ SU

IR Mflri.nl Trant'ailitoi fro* Bnmkrit Wrdrr. by

1 Mir, 0.1. K., Il.O.L, LL.D. . ... 241

17. Cannlimlnm'i A*binJ; t a.-tl Huray Bcytifla,

~L IX - U*

18, A. r« Sallat'a Nubfntacr Al.m.l.r. dm Uroa.au

Ik llnll fin ...I Ii.li.m ... S 11

ID. IlmiotVa Unuoynf llm Monynli, I'nfl II. 20
«u A Uf.w.itno-.NMn.oJk SO

II. J<«id. Clamdac DnU'. KiMonf Kliaalan Ml

Sf. Monaar William' Midi an ladiaa, tad -4 _ ... Ml

Bl. 7bo Band Avaaln, I'.M I I'm V nidi l^l traiaWMl

b) Jama. PlfwWfiflf, — by K. W. Waal, 1*1, . D. ID*
31 Dai.iltUditahcXaa, und Volliamnl-pfarln wian
raafaali.tiaa form, n« A. lHIU.Wa.4t, I'll. I>.

b) A. D. - ... mi

11 Dir Klruto ,1m Ulnaaanilirialaa, a. Dr. IV. Gir.

«, an i» a nn.l Modiaanl Mtadnua by Dr. T. 8ia*b. Ilf
M. Clilnaao Hkldlibni, by llna. J Kdbtm, D.D. *U
1,*. II. Cnal l.a lUllilcaia il lo* l.u«t>*« da I’M#

Aii* b. in i aid A Hkatabof thr Molot* Unj.i

,f*a of tlm Hut . MJ

28, TUu C.iwiiriUTaa of Ilia tla.nl Afina. Ukllo.

<inm|ur, aula Mil. (HJIi.yllW.My) *l»

ID. Kiiimll.Mabaiaiha, by lUurAaiilm BluklJI

kij KlarnAu Cooduma* Parab, by

l-lnf. Wuvliltf . .... a. *1*

II.LUSTBATIONH,

I. rflUm vopyrr.pIkW inK daWd lJ. loll ailoa

I. aid II,. ... U

a- n i, ,. anna no u,u iaa. ... na

8. (imot of VlrvCl/lk, I la. IH »l Vo. V*. til. t?

A. ThrM InM«4|UoM nl AilinV M. Jd

b 1 a* ri |*l.ii na a It nMir III n.'i Ifnal, Ac I<>»

I'nlbii* lir.rt.4 V ij,iyalin.>tlaiiirmi 101

A IWlar. Omni of Auir.miA I0» lltl

Ibii a nil liaa,ri|itno fain (link Ifl

7. IV.-, m UluUbjk (laniil of N'anraadUiu U*l l»

8. 1'lak <4 Ilea Hilnirkb moond . ... IM

Mullykla lUakioliw, An. ,~ ... IM

». I. lok'ri|dliui of MmiadaTa. y*'<* ' nnd lb ... I**

»* - 1«

II. II. lmal)«iiiD of Jayainimaa, Kill. 118 ... I«7

U. III. lkacaisAlon of 'amlnau, Haul. IX, _, ... Id7

IS. tr. Inaarl plain dalad Skill. SU l«M

11 . a. lnxnptiun of SbaJeia - 1 UJ

tl. ri. Inacfiplinn id Anaatmi. dal.vl Aaaii. 41 MO
HI. rii. ilabbit, aul traaloc of loaa>i|ibui af Anaa.

maiua. Sun In . . ... *70

17. vial, t .•‘>i|4l,u — Aiaaifiruain, Sir. lb 171

18. la. Rulildaf aid iMiinn of inmiidna of Jmtnn.

gayla, 8naa. U , - ... .. , l,*J

l«. a. laarrlptliiuof Jaalnnrnyt* — IM

3ll. a). lnKil|«lou ad Jadimyiptiv 17*

21 . ill. RuMaln* ami Im/iiig of ina'ri|dioa ad Siva-

d<»«, 8*ib. 1 19 - - 175

•it. illi. If->ni*lmi id Siaa^aa, (bull. IIS 170

31. ail. Mcjul Uk'r.ptlcn, dabvl Saab. US - - 17a*

31. ar. In. ai|«lon cd Jkjnfeaa. 8a8i. IDS 17'

21 . C..H«t.|i.U'<rkMcdSUldiljk! oflklb.sior.l 3A'
ft. ,. ., H I'laW IL 2 SO

87. KkbUcra Ibblaai la«.-r^ti.m, N-. i. nnd II. MA
at. . „ Naa. Ri„ !*,.. .•» 3«7

21. "'catcni tbnlukyo Grant of AmWra 301

ERRATA

p, 7*r. io(c ». In*t linft/orl rend I

p. 81 ,i, I. 38, for Bfa'M/Ht raul BiiuntWreif.

p 814 s Luc lino, for /.’ iv.d H.

„ nule, II n II «

|> 87.1,1. 8, for co authorilMivc read nnmwori-
tatlre.

|> 07, tran.eriptioa I. <, for ndf.i, mo! tid/un-
l> inOu, I. 22 . lire* ft n reomai after l*al U v a.
p 101. Uftiucrlptioo I 7, /•. dOin-ku kuiA, ivwd
iWra-kula*.*,

p im, I, 80, for pOiuftiLainliom i"^ pftrpa-
lumlilm

p 110.1. noto *, I. 0. for llhmlrnklU i«.d Wind-
rukill

., nolo *, 1. 6. /« Buk.hlra ...id U*k-

•Una*

(I. 131a, nMe". for dn(dM»M. raul .lrt(i.lA« M>.
p H5 . 1 2 , tlm dimcaii litlir I. primal atdo.
■»y.t H nliould l»' Ikft- D
|i. HIM, I, HI, Ibr (pAcil.iiAytcn.l
p. I47«, In"! line, for (4.4<i»/.') Kud <MdnM).
p 147V, I. 2, for (y»>; “«) i' ml
.. I. \ (or («/6u<iiwi) rend (.town tut nr
♦l/iiCvi.nl

P 1481. ». 8ft, for 0 Momm rood BVowm.

,. lot l,//i HravlUli mad 8r*Tftal.

|k MPa. I. iP./or Unlmloma wad MnliMaran
I. 2*, for Malin&yaga iwid MoMiyOtf*.
p. MV, 1, 14,/or Unhttiikali mi l Mdiimkuln.
p 15Ci, I, 16, for (Anoifoili mul CAawdnm.

„ 11.30 ami 42 />r launUklloi mol l.nrn-

bid la.

i, I, M, ft KnmpoUmtnn mid Kama-

lam mA

„ I. 34, /or Kii\0ri|>uram road Kfticri-

minim,

„ 1, 40, for whtthor of I So muio rend

whetlwr they am of tlie >mnr.
p. 150V. I 31, /«• DlmliRul wad Dindigal.

|i l&l«, I. ill, for recent work TMrlrefoii, mid
recent work on Tn/fri/o*.

„ I. 87, fir nunnltornt iwl ram’. home,

p 151V, nolo './or Taiynaufu, mid Tui-yunu-fti.

VOL. IX.

p. 1M5, 1. K,f# Konli ondTcliikUlar mid KOI!
aiul GliikUlur,

L 102 ( 1 , 1 ill*, far MfttnoftlnnWii read Mat-
IihiiUIi.

p. ll/4a, I. II, Horn b,iUom,/or P»itUviniuiwnui,
rind l'ritl|llmUfi)»Un

„ I, 0, from bat. for UUi4niiyn,l.llinnk-
rn'i» r«od Ulri 4»AyndilHatikr*i»«.
p &01a, I. 2, far l'cmlnd Oalf accumtiUluil m«l
Poi.lnn Hull, auriunnlninl
1. S3, far Qnplna lio rejoinU ft- dated
from rrad Onpian, In re-
Rani. a> datinK fi»ni.

„ I, 31, for Hon- wham read Hun-, wlmn.

I 38. far follow, ami mid follow., and.
,. I. II ,/nr llnalom mn.l llnniuin.
p. yitlfv I. 47,/or RuliUtan rraf KuM-inn.
p Wi-Jo. II. 42 aid HI. far lmii-1 plilli.foKiat >.y
I lie x'lmllfle m«4lir*l nml— rend pliilalwUt imlnfol
liy I lie nelfliliHc rnrtloil, nml

p -.MO*. I :l, rum, l«il loii, in-oil . nflir Uu)fl>«U

p. It ill, i. IK .for IMonHIil

I. li/or lu nod tliilr.
p. SPln, I 8, far known tl«l mod known, llial.
p '.T, Iw. nolo *. far I8 a 88 N. limn 6W» 8ft II
r. 0 , 1 2** by Si Iona 40" 1 1 U. (•<• p. »Wl.
p. 28a, iiiKo ", I. 1,/or freon rev.,/ fnrio.

„ „ 14. for dour /. (/ mail laarhll.

,. 2874s note L t. for U read |i.r
p. 298*. 1 7, for pilots moil pita In.

,. I, 14, for i«d aliMotM li

p. HHI'B. I. I", for .fnyiu 1011,1 A,

„ I. |!l,/«r llrilnoov* ri-,1 IkAlinmiui..

„ I, 20, odrf.eomidM niter Jf>d4™u„« nail
after IHkdta.

., I. 30, /<w opplio., a. rmd applim. An
„ I. «>•, fol aitjmtara-Mkitpa riuil
•it-lyw.

p. 2W6, L 0. far Oilnkft mtd Jftlnkn.
p. 2!)iXr, I. 12. far Viirireniui r*o,/ V'ni-inranu.

„ I. 14, for JMalafrdta rend tmMplk w.
p. 2905, note ’, I 5, far Aniline rmd AralutM.

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY,

A JOURNAL OF ORIENTAL RESEARCH.

BENGALI FOLKLORE LEGENDS PROM DINAQEPORK
BY Till I -ATE 0, fl. P.VJUNT. BA.

• .nor of rieo daily and aolbiog mow So ha

1, Tie nrUman and lir Jf«w*on I.

I N a certain rlltagn lived a poor Brlhaa*
»lio by bogging All d»y oollootod half u seer
of riot i whether ho begged at ton housoa or At
oao. or whether ho remalnod At bane, heatlll
hail half a aoorof rice and nothin* more, and
and hia wife oard to oat it. At Ilia extremity
of Ilia village »ai a temple of 0«t*» "boro ho
used to worahtp Hive and Duigl Ouo day
Sira and Daigd cum* down from ban von. nnd
after rlailing many plaooa w«* to Ibe temple
of (Japria.

Ilurgil mid to Sira, " Thla poor Bnlhr-ai, line
boon worablpptxg you for a long tiran, allow
him a tittle favour to day and freo him from hia
poverty /' Siva hearing tkie aaid, "O^U, Uio
day after to-morrow before aanaet giro tho poor
Rrlhmaa two likba of rupere." OagcAa aaid
lie would do 10 , but tho poor Rrihmni) heard
nutliiug about it. In tho village lived a very
wealthy man who had thnl day tret one of hi*
rowa, and gono to look for It i a Atom of rein
bappenod to come on, and he wont into tho
torn pin of Gnnefe, and overboard orrrytlnng
lhat Sira and lliirg* aaid fium tho beginning
to the end. When he name out lie thought
that bo might no well bny the Brilimap's ebanoe
of receiving anything on tho next day hut one,
BO ho went to Uio Brflhmag'e booso nnd aaid,
•' Sir, will you sell roo the elunoe of what you
may recearo tho day after to-morrow P” Tbe
Bribmap considered that ho only received Lalf

ngivid to sell hu cbanM, and asked tho mor-
cliant what he would giro for it i tho merchant
•Mil be could afford to giro lla. lh.OOO. The

latormod the merchant, who being under llwi
impression tUt he would aUll gain a Uhh agreed
to give it him Early the nsxt wioraliig thn
merchant woghed out llso rupees, nnd wnl men
with th«m to the llrllimaij'e houre, ami he then
went to the trmplo of Cla^da. The whole day
|.uaed, hot ho rcoeivod no moory, and thought,
" Do Siva and Durgi apeak falsely, or ia Gapoia
acting treacherously ?" Thinking this lie hocamo
very angry, and gave a kirk at tho lompln door,
and ha foot wcut through, ao thnl he could not
extricate it. Some tlmo aftrr the merchant waa
caught in this way, Sira and Uurgi came, and
asked GapcU, " Uaa the Bnlhmafi wo spoke of
rcoeired the twolikha of rupe*«; haro yon paid
him or not ?" (Janfia answered, M 0no lakh lina
beeu paid him thia morning, tho remaining llkh
hui not been paid, but the defanUer’a foot ia held
fast in the door." Tho merchant heating thia
thought tbnt be bad already paid the lltulimau
one likh. and would be obliged to giro him
another, or hat foot would not I* reloawd, ao be
ordered aomo of tho people who lived with him
to take another likh to the Brahman's houw.
Ilia foot was then releaied. Tho Bnihman took
hia two lakhs of rupees, and lived in wealth and

Bnihman thru went to eoa.ult hia wire, and aho
told him no« to lake leu (ban a Ukh. IIo then

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY

[J.xr.nv, 188i».

happinci*. If (rod wishes to give a man
anything, no one con toll in «tfml way bo will
giro it.

2. Mrs

In a certain Country there lived n gontlennn'a
■on named Adi; wlton hi* father died bo loft
him a largo aum of money, but Adi spent tlm
whole .«r the money and nolil hia Iioiibd. Ho
then mid la hia wife, " There in nothing nioic left,
what are wo to do ? I have not a single two-
anno pieoe, I limit go ami take service in eotuu
couutry for away ; u it will bo mown nervier my
relation! will not neo mo there, and »o I shall not
be ailiaminl. I am now going to look for work,
but munt flrat tell yon how you nro to manage
natten while I am away. In the tint place you
will have to buy hark nil tho garden*, hoaoro,
mid other thing* which belonged to my father;
and in the next place a inn inu»t l» born to rue."
With these word* Adi d« |mrt«d.

Now Adi'a father lmd borrowed some money
from a man for tlie expcnwn of hi* moriisgo,
ao tho man camo to Adi'* wife, nnd mid, *' Wlnro
la Adi ? Ilia fathor, who ii dead, borrowed
•obi money of me for hii marriage ; produoo
Adi that Im may piy loe." Adi's wlAi answered
tlinl ho had gimo to another reunify, anil ilm
knew nothing ntviiil the money, Now die wo*
oalrcam ly l»'intifiil, .i.d tho man thought if h-
could get her ho would want m» maru Money,
■o lie determined to lay a complaint (hat very
day before tbo Kolwal, saying that AdlV father
hud but rowed money of him to marry his *on,
and that Adi lmd gono away, ao them waa no one
left hut hia wife, nnd at Adi'l fntlwr had ipont
tbo money no the marriage of lain aon, bo waa
entitled to tho eon’* wife. Tho Kolwal mpliod,
ho waa entitled to her, and aho should be
auiomoned to appear before him, ao bo wnt a
pyaiia with order! to biing Adi’l wife. Tin
pyadn went to licr, and a aid, " A complaint has
been ninth) 0 gainst you, and tho Kotwnl hua
aituitnoned you." So Adt’s wife d re wed her
hair, and put tin Jut clotlwn, uud wont in a pulki
to the Kotwal'i Court, but aim ordered the
palki to bo put down M • little distance from it,
aud nut wonl to tbo Kolwal, that aho did not
appear in public, and could not coma into Court,
ao she would bo obliged by his coming to her,
aud talking over tbo duo. When tho Kotwul
received her mcswge, lio went to tho pulki nnd
mid, " Open tlm air.aiof tbc palki, and tell me

what you ha»c to any." Then aho opened tho
•croon, a ml when tl*o Kotwal «» Ad^'a wife,
ho determined ho would drive away tho man,
and keep her as hia own wife. So ho nid to
tho man i " Go to tho person to whom you lent
the money, nnd get it from him ; who ever beard
of getting a woranu matoad of money? go, you
scoundrel, yon will have nothiug hero."

Su ho drore the man owsy, and enrno nnd
invited Adi’a wifu to go homo with him. 8 ho
mml, " I have no other friuml hut yon; give me
200 rupee*, nnd when I Imre |-xil all my debts,
I wilt eoine to yoor lionao. When I -end for you,
or yon rtooivo any letter fioin me, yon must
corno to my house." She then took tho two
hundred rupees IVom tho Kotwal, and wont home,
ami gavo orders that her fotber's ruined 1-iuae
should l«o rebuilt.

Iu the moantimo the man laid nnothor com-
plaint hrfuro tho Naxir, nnd tho Nnxlr sum-
numud Adi's wife Sho put on finer clothes
than before, and wait in a palki to tho Nnilr'a
Court, nnd when the Na*ir sow her boauly, ho
wa* astonished. Shu aoiil lo him, "Sir, I
Mong lo you *iii(iii my husband has guno away;
you nre my only friend." When tho Nniir
heard Ihk., Iki went Mid ilnn‘0 nwuy I lie mail,
nnil then Invited Adi's wile to come to his homo,
bat »hc nu • were!, "My hu»b»nd has Incurred
snmo debts, lorn! mu (HKI rupees, mid wlirn I
have paid everything, I will como, hut whenover
I aoml you word, you mull omuo lo my house,"
Then who tixik the money mid wont home
After this, the man, thinking it wan usolcm try.
ing again in that place, laid u complaint before
tho Woltir or tho omiitry. Tho Wniir sum-
m mini Adi’a wife, and Ilm imiiiumt ho saw her
faco ho bctniuo mumIohi with wonder. Thin lie
determined to make her hia wifo, ao ho fimt
drove away the man, aud then told her ho wished
to marry her. Sho replied, " My hushuud lias
gODO to another country leaving some debts

unpaid ; if yon will givo mo 1000 rupee*, I will

|i»j them, nnd then 1 can como to your house."
So alio took the money, and ns she was going
awny, aho auid, ” Cotuu to uiy bottle wbenoror I
send yon word."

Tlio mnn fmding there was no hope of redress
from the VYuir, laid a complaint before tbo
King, who nl*o summoned Adi’l wife. Site pot
on her very best clothes, and wont lo the King,
uud when lw tun her usUmilhing beauty, he

J»StlMIT. IPS).]

BKNOALI POLKI.Olir LEOBND8.

deleimined Jo niako lier hi* qnonn, Ilo then
ordered tho ninu to bo driven fhjui the country,
and wont to Adi*. wife, nnd mid, " I wi.li to
marry you, do yon ogroo ?" Sl»0 iv| 4 !nl, “ I am
very much Honoured by your wishing to marry
too, nnd make mo jour quern, but I am acting
u. agent fur my liuaband, and if you will give
mo 2000 rupee., 1 will pay off my dobtt, Bad
thru Coino to your botue." So the King pirn
ill* money, ami .Ho went home, nnd hnd u ward,
robo made by a cnijiontor with four compart,
men to, which .bo pat in her lioni*. Stio then
invited the Kolirol, the Kaair, the Wailrnnd tho
King, and told the Koiwnl to name at midnight,
UioNaiinit one o'clock, tlw Wnxlratlwoo'clook,
ami the King nt throe o'clock. Bo the Koiwnl
eiuuo at midnight, and Adi'a wife treated him
vary politely, and they were talking together,
when tho Nuilr rent WOtd to my he w*» rum-
iagi the Koiwnl waa alarmed at that, and mid
" What am 1 to do P wliero nan I go?" him re-
plied. " 1 have no ploco to hide you ultimo you
can gel into thl. wardrobe." The Kotwal auidi
“Very well, that u tho beat place, faatim me up
qaick." to Adi'a wife fnatcMd him in. and tho
Naalr arrived ami Ml down till two o’clock,
when the Wo*ir oamo and knocked at the door.
The Naair iwngnliirel hi* voter, and crclilnu-l :
•' Find acme place to »nvo ino from thla mat*
fortuiHi." Sim euhl alio would hide liiui, hut
them waa no place except tho wardrobe, ao the
Naair agreed, end aim fkrfciied him np in tho
aneond comport mint. She thru Invited tho
Wnair to enter, onJ mado him .it down.

Newly on hour pnoaod while oho owe pro poring
MHDothing to cat. when tho King como, nnd u.
the Wa.ir w.. very much alarmed, abe conceal'd
him In tho third wwnjwrtment of tho wardrobe,
and then received the King with great report.
While aim wa« preparing aomo food for him, »lio
wont out of tho room, and told no of her
airvunt. to put on her lunUnd'n clothes and
niter n abort lime to como nnd knock at the door.
Tho acrcnnl did n. ho waa told, and tho King
hearing the knock enquired who it waa, when
tho woman replied it wa. her hualund. Tim
King wid: " I muat ooncoal my. elf." Adi'a wife
ouawered— " I will liido jou, hut there i* no phen
cxocpl thin wardrobe, whatever i* ilono mu-t bo
done qniokly." So tho King WM pot into tho
wnnlrobc, nnd Adi'a wifo placed a punlult over
ii, and put out tho candle, aud went to (deep.

The next day everybody was much .urpriiod
tint the King. Watir, Natlr, and K,-twuldid not
como to court ut lira ntunl time. In tho mean,
while Adi'a wife »ent her .errnnts with the
wardrobo into tho h.«a»r to odor it for ante for
Ibarh'ikhs of rupee*. Now tho boos of the King,
Watir, Nutir, und Ki/.wul were wandering about
tho oily, nuih in aearah of hi. lather, and when
they reached tho Uiuar, they heuvl a man
crying— ■' A wnnlrob* to bo aold for four luklin
ofrupaw." ThoKing'. oonooid — “ What i* tho
moaning of (hi. P Nobody cun buy it hnt onr-
OOlvi'K, ao Wild fur th« money nud tuko it."
They did ao, und ono of them took tko koy, und
o|iened ono oomporimuut, and f.iand hit futhor,
awl tho three othcra dul tho Mine, ao they nil
felt very much uabnmed, and went homo,

Adi'* wife Ihoii look n tmnd of aingora, and
wandered from country to country, (III alto oamo
to n pltua where her liutUnd waa n lervant in
tho King', pnl ore. The .ingere were Invited to
the paluro, hat Adi'a wife remained at homo to
takuoire oilier property whilo all tlio ether, went
away to perform a *4rA, A. all* waa alone,
they rrqaoatoi the King to Mil a tru.tworlhy
aervnnt to gnarel the proporty. Now, tho King
had no other trn.tworUiy .orvnul hut Adi, eo
he rent him, and ho wont nnd kept guanl in Uio
muni wny. III. wife recniro!»*d him, and aakod,
" Where do )uu li»e, und who.,' '. u. mo you!"
Bo ho told her, olio wa* ture I- waa her
lituband, hut lie did not treognlio h*r. Thon
•ho railed him in, nnd tho next morning gave
him two hundred rupee*, nnd told him »ho hod
no forthoi nred of hi. rerrlcc*. . After thin, .ho
left that country, nnd went home, and aomo timo
after o Min waa bom. Now when Adi wm with
her, ho had put n ring on her flng.c, and about
a year afterward* he rolurnod borne, nnd found
all Ida father'. proporty hod incronred fourfold,
and a ren had boon here, at which ho win tnj
angry. Hi* wlfo WMmnohdiitrtooed, and mid,
"Sir, why nro yon angry? I have done what
i 1 ki .11 ploOM you." Adi replied i “ It it a very
wonderful thing : I havo b:en out of the country,
and u non hat boon b.*ru!" Thru aho told
him—" lie in jour .uu,' nml .bowed him the
ring*

ft. Me Vtlur* <m4 kit tiro H7r*.

There wa* once n king uainod Dharmnlita,
who waa urorly forty jroia old, hnt ho ha, I
neither hiii nur daogbtcr. One night he uiid

4

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

rJ.xo.nr, 1880-

to hi" wife, quern SukhAvull, " Up to the pre- I
»nnt time, God Ivan given or no ton who might
take core of our kingdom and perform our
funeral rite* when we ure dead." Sn thinking
all their kingdom and wealth wore worthless to
thorn, they invited all Iho llrihmai.H mvd hog-
guru from every country, and gavo them hand-
some presents, and ml them away. From that
time forth the king and queen began to Wor-
ship Miilililov. After n while llio qnoen had n
■on, and the king wiu so rejoiced tint liu gavo
aim oat all hii remaining wealth to the Both-
■nano. When the cwomony of giving hi» sen
tho Brit rice had boon performed, the king
began to bring him np with the grot teat <«rc,
and when he »■ eight yuan* old, ho married
him to the daughter of nnulber king. Then, in
order that hn might net lie deficient in learning,
Iho king Bent hie non to n nehnol, which was
diitant alunt ten or twelve days’ jonrnoy. While
tho ion was ktadylng at tho school, it happensd
one day that the king and qiiwn Iwli died.
Tho ton's wife performed their funcml core-
nicnier, and erdervd the diwni to let tho king *
am know the ill tiding), in order that he might
COOIO and rulo hi* kingdom The diwan Mid,

•• Ye., I will .end him a letter Immediately" .
but Iki merely opuko with III. Ilp\ and did net
wrilo Ibr l.tler. After throe or four year-,
whon ho bad rained the kingdom and wanted
tho tres.nre, tho diwan Mid to ihn print*'*
wife, " I am oanlinunlly writing letter! to year
husband billing him to come and rule Ilia king-
dom, hnt he docs not mind me, and by thi. time
tho kingdom w rained. and tho treasure apont ,
*o now I luk you to 1*4 me go to nme other
king, and support rojsclf." Then tho diwan
and the other amlah left tho capital, and went
each to their own homo. The prince*! conti-
nued to live there for nemo time, and uuppurted
herself by Belling her ornaments and house,
and when they wire all gone, iho bail! a (hutch-
ed hat, and began to live by lagging. At
tut ihe could no longer ondiiro inch hardship",
and having given up nil bopo of hor husband's
return, "he left tho place, and begging an »lie
went along, in two or three month*' time reach-
ed her father'* boose. Then ihe told him that
her father-in-law and mother-in-law and linn-
hand worn all dead ; and when her father and
mother hoard it, they wept exceedingly iu
narrow for their aon-m-law. The priucua pat

on a widow's dre*e, and continued to lire in her
father's house.

After »omo time tho prince having finished
his education, returned to hi* own country, and
found that the king's palnco had utterly dis-
appeared, and there wua nothing to he seen bat
a thatch *1 hot. Then ho enquired of the
people of tho town, and wlioti ho burnt what
had happened, ho began to cry. After a little
whib) ho stopped crying, and determined to go
to his father-in-law's house, and seo how his
wife wa*, and whither iho would remember
Idm or not. Bo ho oat a slick, ami supported
himnlf by begging an the journey, and, after
two or threw months, arrived at his father-in-
law’. kingdom. Then ho .old his stick, and
gave np begging, and gained hi. living hy col-
lecting fniita and other things in tho forest,
and selling them. Tho prinoo bad undergone
bo much hardship that no one could reeogni/o
him. It happened one day tlmt ho bad brought
•oun plum, from the forest, nod was selling thorn
ill tho bnuur, when one of Iho prinma' .or-
vant* bought, and look them to tlm princes..
Tho princess having colon thorn, thought them
Bo good tlmt .lie ordered her servant to bring
some mmi' of tlo BiiiiMi soil on Iho following
day, The prince went curly tho noxt morning
In the plum tree, and Inning taken a branch
fiv.ni it, was on hi* way to sell it in tho Isuaar,
when the servant of tho prineeia called to him,
nml said, "Tho prinoom prnieod year plums
very much ycatordny. 10 on mo now to tlm side
door, ami bring your plums, and yoa will be
wi ll paid for them," So the prince took np
Ida plains and followed the servant to tho side
door, nml tho servant agreed she would give
four anno* (or them ; so she took them, and
went away.

Now tho princcM wn* in lovo with the
kulwul of the town, ami he used to COIDO to
her hon«B and return home, and no ono knew
anything about it) bo tho princess having
oaten some of tho pluma hcreclf, put tome
aside for h« friend tho kolwul. When tho
leMwal enmo in the evening a* usual, ho ato
the plums, and then mid to the princes*, " I
am very thirsty, give mo somo water to drink."
The princes* replied , " Where can I find water at
this time f T litre is however a oocoonut tree
near tho hooso door, if you could gel a young
coctanut from it, you could quench your thirst,

J*»rAHT, 18 g».)

BENGALI FOLKLORE LEGENDS

5

but I cannot find nny one to fetch it now.”
After mmo timo *ho remembered that die l ad
never paid tho plnm-acllor, aud ho won alill
standing at the Hide-door ; then Hhe sent her
tervnnt to cull him and till him thut he would
roccire four nnnn* for hi* plnms, anil fonr anna*
more if ho would get a yonng cocoannt from
tho tree, and that ho was to corno for the eight
annul enrty tho not morning- So the prince
n greed and fetched tlio young cooaannt from
the tree, nod tho city kuiwnl drank it* water and
qaonobod hia thirst- After this, tho princess
wo* disturbed in her sleep by a leg of tho led
hreuking, so she thought, " If the plum-mller
will come and sit under the bod aud support it
hko a leg, I will givu him another foumnnass
in that ho will rcoulvo twulvcrannnns in tho
morning." 8 he sent n im mago to him by her
•errant, and he agreed and eame into tho priii-
row' honse, and sat umlcr tho bed liko a leg.
Then ho Is-gnti to reproach himself, aiying.
- (iood Ood I it is written in my ill fate that
I am to sit under this bod and support It like a
l<K while my wife ships on It.” H» ho «ru
much troubled in Ida mind. When the mom-
ing mm* tlm plum-scller thought, •* If I slop
bore fir my money, the pnuooat will rroogniia
mo, so I will conceal myself and ko what tho
will Uoi" Hu n ho went away.

That day the king'* dm In me! him, and
when ho mw his appenranoo lio thought that ho
most. Isi tho ana of some gnnt poruon, and being
much plcaicd with Ids conrenmtion, he said to
him. " Como and lire In my honmi and I will
anpport yon,” *o tho prince went to tho dinin'*
huneo and tired tlioro. Now the din An Lad
neither ion nor daughter, an ho treated tho
plam-seller a« if hn were hi* own son. After
sometime the din An said to him, " Yea can rend
nod write very will, you must como with mo
eu'iy day to tlie king's court and write in my
office." From that day forward ho went |o tho
office, nnd wrote ; bnt oao dny, after tho office
was clued, tho prince was going homo with tho
din-fin, when tho princess (aw him from the top
of the boose ami knew thut ho was her hnsbaml,
*n she wua very much distnrlxd and b gun to
reflect on what she should do; but being iu love
with tho kfitwn), she Imd no motvy on lier
husband, and diseinniiicd to hate him kilted nnd
his I -oily thrown awny, that sho might livo with
tho kotnal without auooyaucu. WJicii die hud

determined on this, sho colled her servant nnd
said to her, *' Tito boy who was walking behind
tho diwAn enmoin front of the Imiuic, nnd looked
nnd winked Ids eye at toe. Now, go and tell my
father all about it, and say that hu must cut the
hoy in piecca and a-nd his blood tome, aud
if lie will not do so, I will kill myself.* So tho
servant went nnd told tho king, und when tlvo
king hrard of it, ho sent a momengor to soiio
tho diwAn snd tho boy. Tho messenger wont
qnickly os ho won ordered by tho king, aud
Miscd tho diwAn and the hoy, und tho king told
thorn what bo hud lvcaid from tlie prlnevtV
servant. Then Uiu print* hogsu to cry, and tliu
king wring this, felt pity for him, nnd hu rointtn-
l.ired thul tho princes* hud rsdy wished to see
hi* bleed und did uot ask for his head, so sho
would ho satisfied if the blood of soiuo animal
were shown her, and tho boy might bo banished
to another country. Ho determined on doing
tins, ami culling a mcnienger, gave him Ins
instrucUolii privately. Thru tho intusmgor took
tho hoy <>oivi to tho ghAt where lodms were
hunt and add to him, '• The princess' life will
Ut saved if yon nru cut in ptocra and yo*r blood
given to her, and sho has given order* thut tliia
is to bn done, hot I will snro yon i yon mnst fly
from this kingdom, and I wiU kill a dog and
give Us hl.vl to the print**.," So raying, tho
mnsengvr lot the buy g«\ and killed a •b«gand
pul its bln»l in n pot and g*vo it to tho pviu-
rct». When «l*> saw it, alio wav very much
pleased nnd said Uughing, " I was always lend-
ing you IcttciB to oomn to ino nnd yea uevor
emno, nnd now yon linve paid tho penult/ for
allthotriMildoyiiu can-iod me. How ilo yon fed
now ? 1 will have your blood given to a crow."
Shu then ordered n servant to givo it to n crow,
and when the crow had drunk it. her anger uas
! approved, and she llrod nl ivsso with the kfilwal.
Iu tho mennti'. o tho king's son left tho kingdom
in ttars, nnd gained his livelihood by begging.
At last ho went lark to his own country, und
lived in tho thatched hut, and whon ho hud down
and fill asleep, hit father appeared to him in
n dream, nnd mid, " My sun, why do yon sailor
snob lmrl«lii| s f Whilst I no* alive, 1 lent yonr
futlior-iu-lau seven crore* of rupees and ho
gave me a loud engraved ou a copper plutc. 1
pm this bond into a tin box nud buried it under
n champnk tree ;go nnd dig it up nnd obtain tho
money.” When ho had mid this ho departed.

r,

TUE INDIAN ANTIQUARY

In*".

— ' > — -

In n little while the pruwowoko «!»• and hdiev-
i>K wliat lud been told him in tho drown, lie
boirotrod u H|«ado from u neighbor and It^nn
to dig under the clumpnk treo. After digging
for aouio time ho found the tin Ur* and insult*
wa» the bood for sc Ten crorcs of rttp OM ; he
wad it through, and bSV thru it was ail correct
Ho then took tlic Imnd to tho Lou*© of Ids iliwau
Ami allowed it to him, telling him to prorhlo
500 sepoy* and $00 <nrt* that they might tnko
the band to hi. fat lu>r*i n.luw’s homo and bring
back luvtti ctonm of rope**, and if hu would
not giro tho money, tho sepoys were to t.iko
hm> priiouer. When tho dlwdn saw tho bond
h. wa* very mnoli pious*), and provided sepoys
and cntUuml sent them to tho king* jxdaoo with
n letter anil the bond ; ami after they had
shown it him, they said, 14 If yon do not give
m the money, wo will aciie you and take yon
awn; " When tho king iv.\w the Utter and tho
bond, he thought n little, and then went to the
quota and showed them to her, and calling hie
daughter bo aiid to her, •• Child, why dU yu«
tell mo your hatband wa* dim I Y He lift* jiiat
written to me, and tent fur seven oixjikn uf
rwpem. Why did yon givo this foUo account
of hit death r Ilodk the kiiigand. 1*0*1 U'tf*n
to almso Iiiy, ami when the princv>« learnt hot
liuitlciid wiin olive mid heard uU-*hrnbti«r
whnl i uai lift to wid on her, VTumva* very mm h
troubled, an I I. gun to think tho roan who hud
boon cat in plows and whoso Idood the had
given to the crow, cxmkl not bare Ikcii her
hatband Imt Homo ono olio. 8 o the princes*
kept thinking ovnr the bwt thing to he done.
At hi%t tho king witli a great deni of trouble
collected foar ororca of raped and gitvo tliem
to tlid irpoyi. nnd promised to girt* the oilier
thro cron* in a month'* time. After souto
pctitimion tho aepoya tuck the fonr croton nnd
an answer to the letter, nnd gnre them to the
pnmv. Tho prince then Itwtond the old
di win to hi* oITkv, and onlctxd him in hnv a
kingdom and pthieo like the hwittCt one*. Ac*
curding to the order* ho rewired tlie di w An,
in n month'* tiro©, bought a jHilaco and catalo,
and they hegnn to rote the kingdom hnp|*ly.
In tho course of u mouth tho sepoys brought
the remaining throe cron** of rupees and flic
prince faoogbt ft still larger estate Uinii U fore.

Some time after this, tho prince thought he
would liko to be married, so lie told the diwuu

uf his intention, and ovtlvivri him to take enro
of tho kingdom while he wo* uwii) , nnd he fur-
ther OwU'ixd him to kill a jackal ami give it to
him. ThcdiwAn ordered the sepoys to bring
a jurkaJ, nnd they went into tho wood nod
brought one nnd gave it to tlio prince, who sent
fora skinner, who took out the iiiMulc and dried
tho skin in the ann. Then tho prince put inside
tho jackal's akin nuuiy kinds of gold, pciirte, and
jewelled ornaments, and n beautifully cmbroid*
cml dtvtH, and sewed it op. Ho thin gave
(Ik* diwiln authority to manage hit kingdom,
nnd taking tho jackal's skin, some clip hunts
and hones, ami many Noldut* with lunch
ttvatem*. ho aUrtcd to find a wife. Ho went
from the court of one king to tho mart of
another, till a* lost ho Itoehod tho country of
n king who had n Tory Ik uutdul daughter. 6ho
was twelve jtwr* old nnd nni.nrrUd ; thin hu
learnt from tho talk uf the |*ople, and ho deter-
mined on -laying (hew. At the sumo tinio ho
thought if ht> uppmrod at the king's court in
such stoic, tho pniierm could mil rcfusit to
marry him. I0> io ordi r that In might discover
whether she wrvo virtnoua nr good for nothing,
ho dvtenmned fo put her In tin* te-t hi f..iv
if a trying lui Ho then concealed In*, sold inn,
ilcfdmiits, nnd hocus, and lull ml u*ln* in
hit laxly, putting on roly a small piece of
cloth ninl tho jackal akin on Ilia shoulder*, nnd
worn tho dross of n mud man Ho ordcivd
hia soldier* to cxmio and pndcct him wImi*
ever he should cull out mill any M (Wwnnl,"
and having uiodo thro arrangements hu went
ann y, and begun to wander a limit like a nutl-
limn* After wandering in this Mute fur two or
thrtii days the people ill tlw i ity began to any.
'•Whom** has this madman tonic r" Kltd the
rnnuonr reached tho cars of the king. Now
the peopk of tliat country had never seen n
mm I man beforev m> the king winlud to hmk at
him, nn.l i>ul» roc) ft im*MM»gir Ui gu nnd bring
him into his pKMMG. When he wan ojiiw,
the king bird what he had to say, and the
king and nil li is ruitii legnn to laugh lit hint
Thru tlwj mailman did -fill mon mail things
and began to joke with the king . mid tho
servants saw him and told liiu prlti«x*m about
him* ho that «hc Ixcatm ven* anxiuan to sen
him At noon when the king enroo into tho
pslnco tu eat Itis breakfast, ^lio began to cry,
uud anitl she wantcii tu see the iiiudiuau. 'J'hu

1

.lAMum, W80.] BENGALI FOLKLORE LEGENDS.

king thought, 44 How can 1 bring: thu roadman
innido tho palace, nml yet I mart, for the child
i& crying for him." Soho or«l*ro<l a vervain
to promino the madman aomo good things
to cut, nod to bring bim itiBide. The wrraut
went to the madman und iai<t v •* Como ia
with mo Qml I will give yon good thing* to
oat,” nml enticed him in torero! way*, no that
at D.Nt he canto ; and when ho «w the princctt
Ik* did more umd thing*, mi tliat abe could not
atop laughing Then the prince** called tlio
mailman into her own pari of the Iioiiw.% and
told him to atop Chon* ami aha would give him
lorae awootnuut* ; bat lie said, M What nrc
awcctiurutt, how shall I cat tlwm ?" and did
mow mad thing*. At night ho lay clown at
tho door of the prince**' mom, and alept them
till tlw noxt morning. When the prince** had
bathed, *ho took hoiked rice, plnntailia, asgnr,
and flower* in her hand, and waa going to
womhip Sira, lint the mod man wm lying ntiLo
door, HO tlio 000 Id not |hun out. She told
him to go away from tho door, hnt hi tnld lur
to *tcp over hi* bod/ ; UlO print*** tri*l lo
persuade him to go nwny from thu door, hut
be only did moil thing*, and in tho mean wh do
the time for worahipping rfira waa pairing liy,
The prince** began to oonaidor trim! she
rimiihl d»», wlu ii iW madman «»id, " If yti
will pnmito tu giro mo whatimr I ink, I will
go away from the door.'* The pHnOvt* with-
out thinking prom i ted three time* to give him
whatever Iw naked, ho ho went away. Then
tin* prince** went into tho temple to worship
bivn, amt when alio had fmiHlied, aho cuino
Wk nml Called for the madtuan and raid to
him. •• Now, tell me what you want.” Ho
replied, “ Will you really give me what I a*k P' 1
and nlie prociiiHCil to cl*» •*». Tin'll lm did ninre
nuil thing*, nml laughing, (said, 11 Prince**,
ymi uitivt nmrry me.” When *ho heutd thnt
nhc Ixul lur farcin ori with her hand mid
began to cry, nml crying a groat deal abo Raid,
" UimI ha* written a mad hatband on inv fotx-
hvtid, and although I have worshipped Siva
constantly till now, yet lie ha* given mo a mad
Itadtaml,” *o Maying, she foil oo tho Ixnl iimcnAi-
bio and went to atop. Then tho Image i>f
Sin appeared tn her in n ilrvntn and nanl.
•• Brincu**, I have given you 1 1 •» bit of hus-
band*, he i* no madmau, but boa pul on a
madman ’* diva* to prove joa, he i* o king*

*cn, vim most not dUliko him, anil you will
pnwitly know hi* real condition," When tho
prince** had licanl tiiu, aho wcAo tip ami luld
tho madman that hlio would take him for lier
huhU&iid. Ah aeon a* the king and qnton
know It, they wore wry muck troubled, and tho
nacro, weeping and Ixatiug her head with her
hands, said, M It was nlwayti my grcutcat wuh
that oar daughter ilonld marry a king'* vm %
and have a prince for a son, arvd bo tho mother
of a king, hnt God haw vuudo my hop* of no
avail." Then tho pritmaa mmo and m’hI, 41 1
have oUained what mi written In my fate,
now bid mo farewell for I moat go with tho
madman." film Minted her father and mother,
tied up her ornament* in a handle, nod pot
them nader her arm, and atarted with tho mad-
man. Ho put tho dried Jackal's akiti on hia
nhonldor, and went in front, and tho prinot**
followed boliuul. After they hail gmo iw>mo
diatanco, the madman ntk&l her what woo in
tlw» bundle under her arm, nml hIvo laid it. wa*
her jowe!Ury,Ki the madman aald, " If >«xi wi*li
to go With me, you mint throw nwny nil your
clotlioa and nmauient* and como naked, other-
wiie go hook to yoor father." Tho pribottl
would not take off her clothe* and ornament*,
hut i ontinnod to follow tho madman ; prtwently
lie tamed round, and naw that *lio IikI not
tli row ii away her dn «• and umnnimt*, Iio
U gatt to beat her witli the jackal* *ktn. A
laUiurar huw him and went and told tbo king,
«o the king ordotvri a nicawiger to take Heine
soldier*, and drive the madman awny and bring
Id* daughter homo. Tlio soldier* n<*it a*
quick nt tl»oy canid, hat the matlmati naw them
from afar, and called oat, “ WIhw air my tol-
diem and elephant* and horses P Come for-
wan I \V hen they heard this, all hi* army und

elephant* nml liomr* nunc, nml Uat the king's
soldiers, ami ilrotc them away; then the mad-
man tot* Open tho jackal'* akin, and made tho
prflftOGM wear hi* ornament* and drew. Ho
ulwo took off tho madman'* draw. and pet on \
king'* n>hc, and went with hi* army IoIiih owii
kingdom, when* lw lived with tbo |

One day the king laughed, and said to tho
prince**, 14 1 have another wife, who w tlio
duiurliter of u uurtnin king, und still live** in her
father'* Iwiofcr." Thin thu prilHHHi mid to her
husband, M I am alone in tho konie mid l»nto
no one to talk aud walk with, tend off a pulki

s

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

J'XUIII, !*►".

ami Icarpra tomorrow momtug, mid bring her
here, then wo ahull 1»> ablu lo talk together anti
livo happily," &i ilu> king wnSo a letkrto hia
failu f'tn*lu«v, nml rent off |Imj |«ilkiaml Uunr*.
H'lien they arrival at die king’* jmlaeo, tin y
gnvo IKo Idler In tin- kiugi ho ifliul it oml went
in and loll tho qncon, nuil they agtoed that
Iheir daughter luurt he will, no they link lenvo
rf her. \Vlnt' in die jiulki tho princvvi began
In iliiuk tlut if Ilm priiwu bad heard of her
lull emuhiut III u.udil kill In r a-> ~uni an .lie
arrived hut afurwarda aim grew mire buhl,
•ml tliought ho could not powihly know any-
thing nhont it- So alio runo to her joiinnj 'a
•ml, nml Ilm two wivea wore iulrwlacoil lo laeli
other. The i hint wife lived in auo homo nml
llu yonngoit in anotbor i bnl tho king alwuy.
ual lo nit with tho youngoat, nml nut only
Wi'il 111 nd nit mill Ilm tided, Imt would ml
. run look nt W. Onu iUy dio aocood trlfo
•ihl in linking, " Yon huvu Uvntu.lt with mo
0'iry day for uenrly * month, nml yon l»vo
newer boon cure to UO your II ml tv ifu ; uUt in
ilm wane of (Ilia ?" Tho king tvyillcl. " I Uvo
it rtauiii for it which 1 will till yon afterward*."
Homo time |wwwl whim one night ilm mo'iid
wife will lo Ilm king. " To-morrow ii Ilm diy
for liallihi r In Ilm tiougi » I mol tho other wifo
»M • I • 1 1 g» nmlh it la . ‘oy l noi.l g,.u a* Im’l
rupee* uu.li. " Tho king prom’«'<l lodn««i, nml
|»tk up In two lingti 100 ropeim for Ilm i.econd
wifo, nml 100 rupoo* lorn twolvu nuticu. for Ilm
flint wife, nml giving iiu> lagu In n nrrvnnt, ho
lokt her In Uko Ilm llmt bag (o tlm inxximl
wifo nml die other lo Ilm flr.t w ife When
the ■uetiinl wife njieneil Ini' hug «lvo ivmnloil
tlm money mol found there ivim l'I'l report,
hot tho either wifo fonml tlmv win twelve
•tuuu limit of llAl ru|*ca in her hog. Tim

Second wife on id “ Ho Una given uio 100 rnjKaw,

ha mnkt have given you twelve anna* .liort
by mibtiiko ; the king w ill give yon the oilier
twelve annas niton lit- cornea in nt noon to
hnuLfnst." After the tlVO i|nCVtlS llAll IlMllCll,
lliu sooond went to cook for tho king, nml the
other went on tho roof of tho hoaao Co dry her
Imir in tho nan. When the cooking wa*
fiui.lu'l, I lie king canto and had Ilia bmikfunt,
nml whilst, the u«ximl wifo was giving Inin hia
lu te hint . .ho naked him w hy Im hud given tho
other wifo twelve nmua .hurt of lt» repcco.

The king Mid, "She owe a twelve mini., to

I hnve dcdimtod il." Thoqmvn in guinal how
llmt teiuld lie, and tlui king nmwurvd, " When
tho i|oeen waa in her fathor’a houau I was o
plnm ik Her, nml aha Ixtoghtfonrimnna worth of
Ilium, from mo hut did not pay for them, and
in thn evening, boeanao die lily kulw-nl wn*
tlilraly, I ulimliod n ooroanut troo and brought
down n young oniwiotl, nml for that »t*o pro-
ml.e'el mo another four nttnna; nml again, when
aim wn. aUvpmg in the night, it hnp|>ctu*l that
oi m of the leg. of Hie bed broke, to I .nt under-
luulli and an|i|mrte>l ii. with my hind, nml for
thi* I wn* |woml»eil nnot her four nntiaa, twelve

mm-." .iltiigi'il ci this- I hnieiliilii'InlfriMii

wlml I ;>i e In i." IVIo ii tin I I I|iue n l«wril
wlnii «»•« muI, -Ihi juiii)- 1 from off tho tap of
the llemM, mill WON killed.

Thi 1 aerfliid queen wiu running to piek her
ti|e hut tlm king forbid her, tnying, *' Il i* not
jour Inuiiu'-n to piek up llmt wretch.” Never-
tlwluw dm qnieit wont nml found .Im was
iltttil. Tluti tlm king enlleil her relation*
mol li.wl tin* flml qiuoti Imnil, nml her fn-
iK'iul I'riviiunie-e peelormi il. nml U'^in to rulo
In 1 1| ii ly over the kingdom with (lie Huemiil
qtieon. 1

KEI'OuT ON TIIK ANCll.N I IXSlTlll'TItlNS IN Tut. NOUTII-'VKSTHIIN

THOVINCi: OK CKYliON.
nv t»!:. t:, Jti lLI.lt. AUL't|*i:"I.<)ClCAL 8UUVKVQR

Tltc iaiciipUona iu tlm Noelli-Wotcin I’ro-
vuko belong, with n few exceptions lo the flmt
four ccnturict of thn (lliri.tinu cm i they lire
nearly all eogtnvcd on nxks tuid nrittm in tlio
ai|r.are ur lo iullol NAgnrl chntnotcr, which i*

• Mr. CajtOm tinny numat, M A, BC.S. to Hiiinly
Ilf >1.,.. may oV, tni In.tim i» l«;t,

uit Uv* u tUtuUv i^ulnViUr Co :Uu Jsuitul «ic/

nn I v n »llg!il inodiilrntiun ••!* tin? Aiokn
They me di»|H*r-o:il ul) over iho |m»rlna\ wims
timcn in plnirix very lilt hi known, tint! I mu
Uicrofuie very «1oulia'ul I lie «hmii|»)u4cium
of mv oullcction.

c*. tUoeMMOwiiin!. IinnrCilUtdly nftdriKi»liiii

i *ii.' •In.** to <m eiiui fi^ t. In- wi* killt'l ty

Up: ll Ul Ol. JvlUA NiCM, U I alia U.Ulil/ i^U.

JlNC.m. 1HB0.J

CEYLON INSCRIPTION'S.

<1

A wording to tradition. lie first settlement of
•ho Gaagctir tribes was it Tarabnpnnni
No warn or Tammana Kuwnrn, seven miles
fr.im PaUnlnm. W ijnyais said to havo landed
•liore, a i, I to liavo taken his wny from there
•o Anurudhnpnra. The ruins, however,
•hat ure to be found at Tammana Nnwnm are
undoubtedly of i much liter iUio, irvd lie wholo
Mory of WJiya, a* given in l)io I/uMmiuIuo,
being more mythological than historical, I do
not behove tint ilio more ojiucidimc.i of mmo
proves anything.

To in bap a? |i i. or TAmrnpnrgl in
Kansk rit, was originally Ilio name of a river in
Ti uu ivelly, Southern Iiulia(<uw/. I«MOtidu7Vpro>
hine iiimhi iwlerfhu enijuSla, p. d| Caldwell,
l-iri/r. Giwinawr of (Kt D/nriWinn Lusynoyrs,
latrvMl. p. 120), and was moil probably also
■ppliml to a river by the immigrants when they
lirat eamo over from Iho continent to Ceylon.
WLloh river that was. is difficult to s*y, but I
do nut think tint it ran Wave boon the MUyu
nor any other river ibnl la to thu sonlli of
AnnrAilliapura. According to llm MiAdireiuie
p 80, Ihu drat aelllornonti of tli« followers of
W^jaya were Aagrldkaputa, Upaliasa
N u w a r a (lie modern Tanlrimnlo), W i j i t a-
pu r anoarlhoKnlnwmwn tank, and IT rn w rln,
of which tho |>niUou oanimt bo made out with
Certainty. Now, AimrAdhnpura ami lJ|mtiMa
Nuvrara are both on tha Kidamba river (Mob
\*oiU*oyu), and Upatiaaa Nowata was tho «ut
nf Government boforu AnarAdhapura, so tlmt it
seem* most likely tint the Immigrant* cam* np
this river from lira sea ojnat. I therefore
luliovo list if tho rains of Tammana
Nowiri are ovor to bo found, they will bo
found a considerable distance to tho noith of
I'uttnlnm,

I now proceed to tho inaeriptUms. The oldest
that 1 found here, na oUowhero, weno tho enro
inscriptions. In a Lutoricul nemo they alTer no
pooaliar interest; tho name* that occur are near-
ly aim;* the mine, round y A b h n y a nnd T i a a,
which I have found mare than a hundred times
in inscriptions of this province, they do not con-
tain any other name tbit with our present know*
lodge of old Sifilwleso history, wo can identify.
For philological purpceen. however, these names
ero of great interest, and tliorefore I give here n
low specimens of tho cavo inscriptions : —

(l.) Wirandagodu, five mike to tho

north of tho rend from 1'nttalam to Amiridhn-
pam, turning o«T at tiro 1 7th milo-poit. There
aru four inscription* clow to a temple which,
aecoixliug to iinditiou, wa* built by prince 8 A I i
K ii in a r i the ion of Dulllugsiuii.ii, about
1.17 B. c. To jadgo froai the inscriptions, I <|o
no* think that this cun be correct, ns they con-
tain blunders which generally do uot occur in
inscriptions older than the 2nd century t.t>.

1 put in bmekets nnd italics tho words oc
lottcra that are mining t—

I. Joliteisha [p~'nla] nmhiiiuihfam' ii|i uiki
Tbnya Urdu nngnlcoe—

• The largo and Ua.tiful rock caro of llm
thorn Tim, am of them Joti.’

1 'j‘dmA‘i, ‘ lay-tlevotos, 1 which 1 have omitted
In tho translation, is the contrary of /Arm, trod
IhoraforO cun not bo appliol to tho same person ,
onu or the other mast stand by mislaku.

II. I'nruiimkaSummil puUhnChn<)a Buimiiu
da* lintaTiaignlnhn oh» [NhVi] lune signs*—

•Tho cavo of Tlrtgola son of tlio Drnbmon
Suuunn, brut hr r of Cliiulnsuinnnn |i'< jilcu) to
Iho priesthood of tire four quarters/

(V,i„/«smciva is n name similar to Clmtjsnign
(Mri. 228) gireu lo dislingn.di him Irotn Ins
grand fit tbor, MahalUk* Nigs.

Tim two remaining inscription* are of no
peculiar Intenxt.

(2 ) a al I on n II I h A ra, fgnr milec to the
west from MubAg«IVii|aw»la on tho mail train
1’niloniya to Anorklhapiira. There I found live
Inscription* very muoh nliko as to Ihoiroantrnti,
Inti of which one n at lonst two centuries olde r
than Iho Others. It inns ns follow* i

lXiw.luapiya maliaiAya GAitmijl Abbnyatn pita
Tiaayata uinbAlouo again (ii)aagata ihntndisa
ssgusn—

• Tho groat cavo of Tins, tho son of tho great
king, holovcd of tho god*. OAmi*i Abhnys.
[is yirstt] to the pnastltood of tlio four quarter*,
praont and absent. ’

Theeo names soon to bo rasy coongh to
identify, bat anfurtanntrly neither Dnt(hngAmini
nor Amandagltnipi nor Qnjabahn had a son of
tho nnmo of Tisa. To judgo from tho shape of
tho letters Iho inscription most belong to tho
first century d c. Tbe oilier four shew a re-
markahlo difference in tho language, »s they
writo throngbont a instead of a nnd 6 initend of
A A i that is to my, tiny must have been engraved
at a time when the long vowels Bad aspirated

Tnn INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

10

(J.HT.1T, \W.'

consonant* bud entirely disappeared from the
langwogo.

<:».) 1 a r a m n k a n I ft, one milo from
Tonigali on I ha rend from PultnUm lo Kiiran-
■•gala (</. .Wind Otf/oii Aim/io Sov'cly, 1 BV>,
p. Wl/.)t-

I’unnualcA Almyn |..»U» ptromnka TpoIu
llutuka .... [/■'«<*].

'Tito cuvo of Ilia luulimin Tim Ilot.ika. . . .
ion of llw Ilr.ilmmu Alihtiyn-'

Tin* moul probably it for. lo DaltlngAniipl.
anti in, tih far U I know, tlio only Inieripllou in
•Uich lie is cuHotl by hU full name. Il might
l*i objected thnl i lio relntiocahlp M not given
oirivcdj, in, uc**irding to Ilia J/rtW»nf<i«u,
lluMh“«^mi yl -it* llw Mil of [K»k»-
waonn] Taa and giMiubon of [dole] Abhayn.
Iml thine iuiiiuanUllo* com fnxpumlly in in-
•dipt ions, »* I Itnvc iliown in my liwl report,
/ml. Ani. vol, VIII. p. fcW.

nimllur lo Iboao are In l*> •Cmnd
m M nl I A wit »ml Olribkwa, five mile*
from (Uliana wihilrn . *1 0 nl w m w n w i h A r*.
I.o mill* from WJpynpulnt at M u I again a
mul l.n bn go I n,»U nillcuftom Ainnmdnwu (■/.

f> P f.n. -l—»fi> «*v.7,. l-iil. |*. Ki»S
•i I’iolic li lin mliy A two ""If I'' 01 "
MnlagnitiU; nl. 1 1 » 1 1 n> ir .i wiluWa in'»r
Mi ili) ini it | ul U » n a k a li d ® « i b « ' ‘
MuliAulk n*« i.iwi* ; ■! N * K •' * 1 ■ " ' *' " r "•
IVtiyagila, KnUillalonii, all Unco no»r lUw
l*wniwu <m Iho ivoil from Kuruim'galu to
Anaridhapnrn i and nl P n U li n in ■ I U ivci
lliripiliyn on llio hvuo road,
llct id a* l how ihort cava ln«aripliun», Ibcro
ono of Homo laiigth engrave! llvl on the reek,
which doubllro* belong* to On) woo |<Oi'ioil,
m il l<on llw ohm of D n ll liftff k m i v I. II b
Ilnl BlToniKftln, ftlKiul fourteen mile- from
PoUalun no IImi raid lo KmimmgiU (r/. J»> t/ft'd
Cri/la* /InnfiV Swfn Jy, 1853, p. Hl>. A* for a>
1 know, «hl* i* llio only inscnpliun in tlio bland
which inn be proved willi ootlnhify lo be pro-
rioov lo llw Cilibtinn cm ; for llul nl II u k a m
\DftUiknV»ft) which wm poblblwd in llw pro-
orediug* oflhn O*yfon A finite &oitVy, 1*70-1,
p «vviii„ although it bear* the nuuc of Out-
tlagimim’d grandfather [Goln) Abhftja, llwrnin
of Yallhftlaka Tb», shew* by the iiliapo of it.
letters that it mu»l b« of lotor d*(c.

Tbc inscription at TonigftU h*B two
iliHr.rcot ToraiouB, of which ono it) oogntved mur

Iho look K'idftiriBM, lhi> ollur in llio jun.i[!o a
■(aartor ol a milo off i —

(a) I’.nurulia Abnya pnta |xirnm»ka Ti*nli»
wapi AoliftgirikB Ti*a p»wai«lii ftKnia BnaRnlo
cl ml iib >n **"»»» dine — Dowanapl ronlmmjB
Qomiyi Alnyo niynlo Aclinnngamka oh« [IWi]*
rikiya imgunk* olia parnnmka Aloya pula
luinraaku Ti*» niynla pilo raj a In again auagala
cluUmlim >ng»*a.

'Tlio lank of |7 i.i'Wi«i»i 1 Tina, llio aon of
A b K u y n, at I hi nuiunlnin of Achagirika Ti*n,
i- given Ui I In piic-llimnl of llw- four (Jimrlor*
jiriwonl Bill hImouU TImi gmil king, bilov«»l
of llio roIi, Cl it mini A b li a y n, anlarecl
Aidiairngnm «nd T«wirikiyau»g»r», which h»»a
In in cnlnUinhod by my tilhcr king Ti an, »on
of king A bhtya, [are yiVa] lo iho priiathnod
of tlio four quart***, prononl anil nl*int.'

(t) I'arniimk. Abnya pula panimaka Tbn
niyiilo I mu wnpl Aolmgirika Tbn pawnlalii ngula
nnnK»iiieluiludbTiHiiKitni Dowaiiapiyamaharijo
(Ininltyt Abiyo niyiilo Aolianagurakn cha Tawiri-
kiyftiiagnmkftoliii Ai;hiigiiiknTi»n pnwnlahiQgnlft
naiiigni.i ilmludi-i mgiixi— I’linmnikii Ab»)*
puln pmimiika Timka wimm riiyaio pile

• King Ti - a. kon if king A li linyn, mslrtid
Tin* lank u llio Ailiigiilkn Tbn ni>iiiit..in i«
giruu U> thy WiOilbuod of llui four r|anrioi«pn>.
mint ami ubaent. Tho grcal king, beloved of
llw gi.b, 1 1 A m ini A b li a y », onlovud ; Aeha-
nngai* mul Tavrlrikiyanagnin (mv gii*» | lo Iho
pvicithood in Iho Ihiit I|iinrlcr« pmronl mid
nli-inl. Tlio liuik of king Ti*n, inn of king
A h h n y a, i* cilnblblicd by my Ihllwr ’

Tlio oonlonlft of iho In.iriptluii nro not qnilo
olni r. nliliongli Iho nonl* rnniwt rn.ily be
niialnkon. An In nn wo Irnin fivm iho .W.iM-
irmk'ii, K li k a w n g 1.1 n T i B • n a* only king of
iUgiiun, and never cnlorod Iho northern king-
dom, which WMllion govern**! by a Tamil rovo-
rogn. 'Vo llicroforo cnnnol liul ftMiimo Hal
Ihb inscription om engraved by bi« *on I) n b
IhugAmigi ml lliolimo when ho oonqoorod
(bo north. in*li*id of n monunK'nl for his din. I
father, and thnl llio name* in Ibo inscription do
not al all refer lo Iho lornlily where il in. The
lank mentioned i* mrot pinlnbly the DArnliMia
lank in llolmaa mentioned Miveinl lime* in tho
MuA«jmik«o, hut not yet identified. Ahoul tho
oilier name* I cannot jot venture to cipivaa an
opinion.

Tlio alphabet in which thi» indoriplion .•

J*jre*»r, 1«W.]

CP. V LON INSCnimON8.

11

written U Ihoofclwt form oftlio Aiokn ehaiMtar,
only lor • we always find tho Greek digamina,
as dotcribrd in Goldwilimidt'a report, /ml. «W.
vol. VI. p. 318. I however botiovo dial this in |
quite aooidontal, and tlut there ia no ditfenmoo
of aoonil botwocn Iho Iwo «'». ui in other inaerip.
tiona iqunlly old foe inManoe, dwt ut Galliuu
—wo liixl the rouud form throughout.

Regarding tlw> language of thin irieeriptlon,
we find in (6) aevcral iuaUnen of the ancient
Migadhi nominullve in e a* ny'ii, /»'/«, m'jw/i , this
tominalion in also usod for the feminine gender

in wnjrt din*. NiyaU I Imre trauutulod flint

by ’ordered.' artera-unlit by ‘ oataWUhed,' mi-
cording in the nontext. It Inn tho -amc meaning
In P4II; foriiielnui'v, “pordmini/mnyn/inn />«■(.«•

Aiiwmam," * meritorious prnotinon cstnhlisUod
by former Icing.. 1 {\M. 213 ) Witum in tlio
luil lino of (6) Manila probably for Hwpiinna or
uwMvVara, which occura frequently in Inter in-
wripllona.

Wo now proooed to tho Inscription* of the
flint renlnrin* i>r the Chri.tinn era. They ore
iminh unite tiumcivms titan tin oldest, hot na
tho leUeia are not out very drop, *nuw or thorn
are nreoh damaged by rain, and bcidit limy
are Ihll of mialaltoM and ctorioal nrrore of all
kind*.

The nlplutlint in wliinh they nro written la
Unit of the Ww.liirneuvoa.ai «iv.n in I'rinarp'a
tfniiy, but in nildilion to llna I found Mvcral
leltera which apparently do not occur in India.

It in to Ihiu p'rlod that Iho (neeriptlona belong
of II aha ra no and T i a asm aha ru mo (now
in iho Colombo Mu “mm), which were published
by Hr. Ooldaakmidt in lea last report, but nnoo
of Iho inaoripl.ona in Iho North* Western I're*
rinco nre no well prorerred n* llto-c. Also tbo
Inrge ire. I.plioi lit Ml Ii i n t a le is of lire* Him*
ilatn— not that which U alluded to in Alwia'a
/«fn:!urJ/uu fu /Ac N/'c/n/Muyum'ica, p. «««ii. (
and lmnalalo.1 by Armour In the (feglun .l/iewnio
for 183*, and which ia much Inter, but that
which was publwhod by Captain Chnpman in
I8A0. Goldschmidt ascribed thin inieriplion to
(I u j a b i h u G t in i i.i i (c/. his Raptrl, Ini. ,|af.
ml. VI. p.3I!)),bnt I think it belong* to Meg ha*
r a 0 9 a A b h ay a (».II 248), not only b cnuac
the king mentioned in said to be tho grandnan
of king Tina, which nlono would nut be conulu*
aive, but beevire it in staled Chat ho repaired
tbo nbodo of Alakiduiura ami Buduoakti.ru at

Mihintale, jast as we find it related concerning
Mnghnwnnna Abhnya in .VuAd.ci***/. p. 232.

Thu finest ■pccirain of theoo inociiptionn si
dial frein llo Uuwanwmli digoba,
Anuriiilluipam, now in tho Cokimbo Aluaoom,
of which I no nex u <*)py mid translation, na it
lea nor or hern published

< I ) Siiiha Wahoba raj.ba muuuuiurukn T|.Ja»
maharajah* puli maharaja

(2) Uayahihu Gianni Aluyo Ihikini Alaya
nrulm wilier* harnya w* rekawiyn

(3) hojikit patiiuiwunuk lira kotu pn[a(?)
tnkarahiya .linn palitalam

(4) K.iin dine dakapali blktuogoha a|aya
chutnri pnooni parihujunik kotn dino.

•Hail! Tlio groat king tlajabihu Gi*
m i a i A b h a y *, gramlu-n of king W a h a h a,
-ju of king Tin u. having Unit (or rodorvd)
die Haktdiina Ahlmya amt ollmr wililraa, and

linving protected mad* ilium lnli«hitod{P),

having MrenRihenrd iho faith, haring undo
oboiaatlM to tho fault low .linn, iiltei haring
given (,/Aw «vAu‘/im|, lie gave to tki prioalbood
die enjoy moil of Urn four pmtynyu.*

According lo .1/uA. p. 20fc Ihu Dakshiga and
AUiaya(ifi>0 irlhAna# wore nlreaily built undar
the reign of WaHagimirii. ti.i. 8ft »'»
dial we mint either uaumo that Oaja b A h o
win nlau inio uf dm numpa of Wn*'«gMmipi. or
tliat tniuyo l* to lie liundulid ' rcntureil,' not
* built. 1 Tho latter •numi more pruhoblo, a« the
name* of Onjiihdliu'* fallmr and grand fathnr
uro given, and from tlm wlwlo ujipoaranca of
tlio Inscription in general.

Among Iho lomriptlonu in tlio North-Wuet*
cm I'rorlnco, one of Iho oldint it at I’fiJ*.
gnln Ibreo mile, from fliripitiy* (on Hie reml
from KurnniDgala to AnarAilhapara) on the lop
of n rock 1 1 Ikuiu tlio name of a aim of tho
mlniitor Mahlnigo. but there nre too many
wnixla and Icllern clllired lo nilow of a inin-la*
lion Ooololtor in thin iincription i« of pocoliar
inlerml •« I hare found it nuwlioro dm i it U
very roach like the modern Tamil *, but I could
not yet twikn out tho meaning of il .

Ncnrly in old a- thin ia tho inscription at
Ridi wihAra (Ambal/hakok lean) belwren
Kiirunwgala and Maialc. This wih.lm was
built by king Amamlag imioi (21—30 a.p,),
but I do no) think that the inscription ia quite
mold. It begins: NiddAiJSiUtitiiiake nri. . . ,
Aftor this oomos most probably tbo name of the

12

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[Jatcraav, I»*( .

kiii|f, wliifli in not quite legible on thcstooe, and
in tbo second lino I hcUorc I have deciphered n
part of tbo ancient namo oftbe pluct— Alutlha-

[W-].

There are several inscriptions of tbo »uino
ugc, nhirb all refer to tbo conalruetkm and
dedication of tauks, » favourite subject ulso in
tbo North-Central Proriiioo and In iIki district
of Hnmluatott. Unfortunately wo know so little
about the micicot geography of CVykra that wo
only seldom eon identify the names given in
thou intciiptiona. Celebrated tank, like the
I'adiwllkutnm unit Kantnlai tank are not at all
mentioned in the earlier part of tbo WfllifnusW,
wliiob slicxiM give in an iwrount of ilnir oou-
slrnctitm, mid re thoro is little hopo to loam fretu
llienco anything nboat minor tnuka us they wdat
in tbo Noelb-Wostorn Province. Still more
dlBculty of coureo prevails about tbo nnnwo of
Iho paiVly ftolda which are aorroil hytlireu tnuka,
and SO tlwru remains but very little mutter to
discuss In Inx-Tiptimu liko tbo following from
Alutgnl wihArai

Snldhn noh'mljnbn Inkawawiyn ohotnkarihi
aigawiyo cbetuknrilil tulatuiuwikcUhi chela*
kuribi

<J| ulin-awlyn eliH.iknrlld pmingoninka*
w.iwiju cbii.ikarihi wihiroUkctnhi chctnknrilil

(o) |Mii”.-.l.ik.ukotabi choUikarilii talawiyti*
kstnlii nhoteknrihi,

(») Tim tmha knlnhl llldtaka.

Wo liuve here four tanks und four oortvs-

foaiiing paddy<flolli i

Irikawnwiyn tnluUmwikcta

»iiga',ii«]iriya wiliirakakefa

nliwnwiya pariwatnkaketa

jinnganmkuwUwSyn taluwiyukila

Tlio only mini to o> plain is cteitaAnrttf, or
nb ioli tbe wound part hu/IM Is 0i|0b1 to tlio Pill
btrwA i ; eftdfa is tout probably n immoral, which
indicate* the extent of paddy-land that was
serve. I by eneh tank, lint I ovmot. traco tlio
etymology of tbo word.

Tbu concluding stntCDCu— " This is written
at the «ima of tbo tbora TUa"— helps m Jut aa
littlo in finding oat tbo date of tbo inscription
as tbo raoro titlo “ mahflrtja" (• groat king 1 )
Id tbo Urol line.

One of tbo oldeit and host pretervod irncrip-
tions is on a rook near Gnlgatnnwn tank
un tbe rend from Padeoiya to AnurtdLupuru.
It rans ns follows :

Raja Alwyisn patl Wndamntin gnran innliatna
barilia saguno waivi cha.

[Under this is a lino of amallor diameters,
which are not so clear.]

• W a d <} It a m fin a, tbo son of king A l> n y a,
gnvo tbo village .... and tbo tank to tlui
priesthood.'

Tbo woixls left blank may bo names, but
I am not sure about it. Clalgauiuwa tank was
built by king M nb A so nn, tho son of Megliu-
wanna Ablmyo, according to the IlJj*ial«Jktirl
(Upborn, 8«m<l w-d /fiVferirat ilunt*. II. 4W,
III. it)7), ami to him I think tlio inwription
must l« anon boil. Wlietber WudiJI.umi.ia was
really a name or only a titlo, must remain un*
decided at present. (Of. Journal Oplo* AiiatU
AeciViy, 1871*. p. 7.)

Another equally well protorvod inteription is
at Dowagiriya wihira, three mile* from
Golgnmuwa s—

Slsilawnimka wilmmhi nnwnlwiRtuimkclalii
Olwtblil kurihi kubnro—

' In tbo Sisltewanaka wlliAra on the Nnwu-
haganu field the paddy land [ ert.mds] over. . .
karUluM.'

Similar Imoriplioii' iiomxM'iiing tanks ore to
bo found nt Yu palm (Siibhu|strnaln), -is

mile* from U alalli, and at Ualwiewa mar
W.lriynpoln.

All tho inscriptions mentioned nntil now nre
not later Umu tbo beginning of tho dill oenliiry
A.D. At this time we nntko a change in the
alphabet i tho *inare character begins to go
over gradually into tho round form, and •ume-
times wo find Uio same letter in two or there
diflbreat forms in (ho smuo inscription.

1 only came nonna ono cure iiuriiptiou
writtonlatUiamiiodrbomotorat On n e k un d «
iv I b & r a near Mablnlkawsswa, on the read
from Knronroguliv to Anunidhopurn. I give it
here ns it is of some interest i —

Hidnwiyn pukaimlcno ehatuilisikn sagnsa
Chmja(?)ti«n jefakn llnranako nrmjiwi.

• The tank cave of Siddhnwiya (?) [is gtfrni )
fio tbe prirelliood in tlio four quartern. Cliui)ntisa
tho chief, and Bharana lus bandsman.'

Pu&apa is tbo old form for tho modern
po&npa, Sanskrit pto&kariuL

Tliere nre two short inscriptions of this kind
at Kadigoln near the Knlil-oya rivor, and two
long odob at Mediyfiwa (Ratgnllegimn nihiira),
of which ono is hupclosaly destroyed by burn-

JlXL'kHT, ISSO.j

CEYLON INSCHimON.'

IS

lug. The other ooo, w well a* a very fine
inscription at Itujnnganis time niiloa from
Mahflgolkadcwaln, Irrnt both about the huilding
nf dining holla fur tlio priest {'fonerofo) and
thu otfiiring of wnter-Mraluer* (paliiutrii.ii) to
them, n practice tliut in known from .VnAuVoiAs,
|*. 220, I reserve a full transcript ami tmnsk-
tunof these torn Inter occasion. Tito nl|dutbtit
in which thojr ntc written i» very ditGcult to
ilmplirr. and lomu character* can only ho found
ml hv eonjooluro, naive have nothing liko ilium
in nny of the liiilluu nlphulwta that are giron in
l’rinwp’* A'wayi and Bunidl’n Soulh-lmUoi)
feArngrapAy.

As in ilio North-Central Province, tbero aiv
Imo III"" no iiucriptioua Initwoon thu fitli mid
'lilt nuitiirie*. mid mi no go on nt aura to the
ivign of Kmapp V. (Wir-1'64.) The to U a
tin. pillar of thia king ut Inglrlmlllju,
eight mile* from Aiioiiiiuliiwn, diumvernl by
Mr. I'arkor, the Irrigation officer of the JiMrict.
The Icing atylna himaelf, a- uoml, Hirl Song
lln, and it would ha dilBoult to any wliioli king
of tin. iiamo It la, if not. for Ihn luiun of a
minister (M*lmlu*mafoUiMif)6ii,a, wliloliinimt
lai thu name immU.mmt in Ifiixfioaiitnioli, AS, It:*,
it. thu toundor of MuhllrkUpalitmtawilitin. It
■<imtnln* n grant to n temple, Hie it nno of which
l» not ol.tr mi thu atone. I pvo ilto tr«t line*
ii i id a pint Horn tlio middle of (Ho Inucripliiitt

A.-(l) Sna.tl

(2) Sir! Hnngn Iki

(3) ina pimuuki

(4) MWitnago pi"

(•») ridnsc bin*

(0) In puradiaa
(7) aalc dawai

(5) ... . tint

(!*) litpn Vtiti

flu) ualmiwe

(11) wndilleyi—

‘ lluil ! Sill Suilg* Do, t he king in the. . . til
year of hi« reign, on tlio 10th day in tl>o
hriglit. half of the month llimaia. . . . tlio

gnat sage declared.' . . .

Sunil M'/a full** aerro to indiente thu year ol
the king's reign in which thin ordur was giron,
generally no find a n uraeml instead, an p am(ah
•mum- in tlio inscription ol'Moluihnlattirnn.

C. —

(2) snnu* uio go-
ld) ui no wad-

( I) Dtt kot i-
(•"<) aa girl nn,

(0) nun wariyn-
(7) n gnm gm-
(?) no gamin

(!•) hut Im\

(10) ntnnin nrpnuin

(11) kot M.

' Having onlcml that noMeamm shall not
enter Uic plaer, that enemies ahull not lliko thu
uart bat&loM from thu riling*, nml hnving
mndo them liufcpoiuh n' ’

.IhitWM Ufj» ."<i( I tlilul: "i .ui . I"T IV, li

fond n,.al — • '•lepraiUml upon thtinwliv.

Iiiaorlptions of thia king nod «( his

KuainpoVI. invt. ill'll, ml at M ikn I

w i h u ru, Kiivii mil.. Iran Kurinuoguln, on n
largu rock daw to thu ditfilai, mid on pilhns nt
M hkI ii g a inn nml Sugclcim n i h lira, niiu
mlkia from Kunumynb on tin, Knndy luul.nnd
at Ynk'loaaa Gain, tiro rolu- In theuaat "t
tlio n.ul lo I'uttalani

Of king Pari k mm a bllh u I., I only
found two Inwwlplkni* ono on . pillar which
•lainl* now hoforo thu A an unit Gnverum.ol
Agonl’l huusu in lVtUakuni the other nho mi a
iMmilnWotnl U a I a* i o )l a hi. a nr. eight
mill* frill KuriinnyiiU, amr thu rood to
Aaunldhapam, Tin* pillar wn* fortnerlv m
PiiUaiikabun. tni mlh» from I'lnlaw, wb.iv ,i
un* dincovorO'1 by Mr. Ilinllv, will gave n vm
rough and linperfuot Iroimrripl of it in t*n
/bmi'iwiI I Au Csyfia .1**1 i* AW.tfy, I
p. 1-1 IT. ThoconU'uUaroin not to diflurgrently
from those in Ilia ollirr unminim* itim tipi ion*
ill or rr tl«' l»hn<l.

l.mt of nil, I mention Hire. Tamil nm-iiptiiiii-
od two pillar* mvd rmo laryu alnti at I! ml li-
ma tt A w a w ih » r a near Kiktiwcraliya. Tin*
dm meter ia very much tlio unmo as the |uv«unl
Tamil, bat thuro urn tao or three letter* winch
Iiaru lUonppcnrud now from Ihu alphabet. 1 u*
foituimtde I am not well rmmgh aogimintnl
with Tumi) to bo able to giro n 1mir.liit.ui I

tlnno inscriptions i they li.nr thu t »V»,

son of a Knlimra king ('• Kulllalcii nuikan"). and
date, witltonl tlouln, Ihmi tlw time .4 Ibr giwt
Tamil invaiiou of CV'yloo, 10M— ll-Vt A. I'.

Tlnwtnro tlio insrri|i«iun* 1 lonad. partly by
in«|niring from the natives, partly with the help
of thu Government nrchmoUiglCnl ruturna: bit
I nin convinced that i( a systematic starch

u

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[J.Sf.av. ll>*«.

wore nude by Govornrocnt in oil tbo templeo of
lliin province, u great many moro would bo found,
which perhaps might giro ua aome vniluaMo in-

formation in addition to what >vc know
books on Ibo niiciont history of Ceylon.
CoW*. Suf/mie 1S7I>.

fron

T1IIEN-CIIU — INDIA.

EXTRACT FROM M A -T WAN- LIN, BOOK COCXXXTIIL FOL. u
r.viirX. r.f M. St<n tfcfcu /i.J.W

n« folloiritt# nu ike of India ly Un4mm-lin a
being made up of fYagmccte from thn great
MiiuMO hueoriiuia, not uno ct whom probably waa
Mt|Ualutod with the languages of India, we may
expect to find in it a great many wurd. dl-Agnr-l,
l>y the original writora, aod alUrwsnli by
itir various editor* of tl*o IFeti-tiVu-flim ydihacs
Thu* >• And Ki ll <U and JWff for • Kabul tryn‘
(a man of the wariikn caatoj, flo-f« for ' Htfl|W
{. tomb), SKI for fitliditya(aamo of a king!.
XVit-Mo-Jn for Kapita (a town). I hara removed
three altemtiona in the earn nf word* Ibo correct
lornt of which I hara loomed from other source,,
hut "let could I do. In thocaio of Indian word,
of which I could And no trace in my Duddhlat
atrounta, and olio In the o»~» of nates of foreign
eisminrs which perhapa appear only once In tfio
-nlitary Augment IVom which Mn-twai-lla hna
taken them f I bcllero I hare token the only
plan which I could pnidmtly Iwvu done. If, m
n particular cam I have m tempted n transcription
I Imre placed It Intwocn paiontlieuoa, followed
It) u note of Interiogauon, or ale* I tmvc T1n<U«l
myadf to almply Iranaoribing the CliineM sound*,
hoping that others mom fortunate or Utta-i
ao|Uiunt<il with Hontkril tlun I am, may lucceud
in rmoataldiihing tlio original spoiling.

A* for i ho Chinese propor names which apptor
to me evidently drawn from tho dunakrit, I have
taken tho liberty or giving the translation of
them, not according to any dictionary, hut by

tn tho Asfafie

1 Ju. -r.tr AlUHqnt, It ate ftvr. tome
lit. Th* feiliviii* ntraot fit* amwun
I ••'i.ilht i"lj and Aari'l l»Ort allV-ntony tnml*.
i n't nat»>. It vat rviwitcd with oil lil*-i»l trtn ».y
)SM T tetk eU-f At. A". Bene rol.Tl.Uaa IHIDh*
01. m. Th' '•ix- ettmei i, iaroidcd In SI. fhalhki'i
I '*i— *Wk«>Ma*o it-* hUt f»f (tnire'iif < t to TM* n.
/ I ,. ... n r, nj.twotl it the Jnii/Vit Aeinffoar. Ilia
H-r. I‘*t, ,«■ JV-I'I", mid aim •n*t»U'l». IV. Win.
Thttwnrk ufoi inthnlw ti inert <i " CanldfriUoi-
(''■atlulm'dniwtifNni lie /,)-(>. > . i St.yr.U •< HI—
Thvoi* >1 Joliro allude. to adthii of lu

svr*>.M

Kaowv, bni M IMkrtr fuffltiMMP. 274>tliU

thf Krtfli.b r wwinu. blnulf. Hut «.« n..U. frctu
Vrintp • tomtfc +t with tfbm. hr* *M««I b*w.

1 Af«orW %n t>>« Birfdhit* work
CJfc 1 Mi l tbc Tbioa^hi MtfuUU.

NNkHt fT* From tliii clfiiokfy wiiwwr tUl Mb
<4 I lit ward hk<o Umu alu€v\l aid nui v»*a dm

kor otrrt&«d a^aliiiff aIicf^I U» tmftTrnl t> ibt

r+*m\ time »>y Cb»um wrtUft. UmmUio nrim erf
thii tliiioc

lo tb«* 4>7towr7 urn Ur Uu. «iu

li.l tbit, id tW Ull.t WCTkl a* r\»*nv*b,i

the word fs «>i«bi to W u. (- trfwb Now tbr

making use ol Indian wordi itlmdy to n»)
knowledge employed l.y Baddhlit writer* in
tmnsUting tho »mc word* into CbitMUO i nnd, *■
the Sanihril Inngnagc often affora aercml trana-
lalion* of a given word, I hiwo alway* plncod a
noto of intcrrognlion ( F) ollor the won) |>t»po»od.
even in coaea In which I am olmcwt cortain ..I
having found tha comet ono,

I cannot conclude thc.c remarka without ndillng
that tho fragment from Maanandin Iwrc given,
boa prcaontod to me. iih much oo account of tho
■W of foreign product, and Indian imium u
of |uraigcv tillered by tho inlitora, dllhcilltlOH
which one ta not net imtomid to meet with in
ChltiMo hlatorlam. I Imre liccn olillgcl in ..nine
to conoci tho text to March patiently for tlw
Original Iinutvw extracted by the author, an.1
although in mote (ban ono place IhU aporioa of
Inroitlgation bn* enccVorlotl, I have not in every
(natnneo recorrrrd the |*atngc ni which ln> mtiai
havo boon ImAing. or ol-o I Uu> found nvn
It a|>oikd by mUtokni

It waa under the later II a n tlynaaty |l*l
China canto into ralationi with T It i o tec h n.’
TbU tamo ia the aamoM S b I id tt employed
lu tlw lime of tbo Hun dynaaty.

Pirat, Ma-iwnndin rcmnrka Inn note’ that the
Geooml C h n n g.Ic i c n l~ itig wilt* on n tniaaion
to Til-hill ( llukli in) aim cutira of the A’Ai.*./

of rtlii-l. lu. Im-a ih»i « d . Mo - I

tbr -nrd MOM It- loo *l<f.rl».«l '• I K I t

oonUoM th>. aWxvrlaUxt aadar tbr word fn) , liu.ll, it.
ublireiUtlon f» tmr thowiuiul of cA». Aomclim;

to UioUMmIou 8m*a-U «|IW f’Afi,,.-.

IU.1 dUmu-tor f ™ ptomwiI n u.,r.|

wliiflt U KIim/1u id iUu Niiinib*! * ••MmI

cVmi lo v»» of

Fn.m I *4 1 »»f oT>0/r^M».1 bou the f. r IttUt wlili*li
occ«r<linK l<i UiwmTli*nip.fhi»oM l*t» unlUfi • (» **»«/»•),

l»>f pVww4b) IpmiMripUannf II*# 8«mkH( «'•' • lux

<<irr^tobo wftWB (CVnf F»»«».i.igi u*».» f$i, * n . f« l. *
imJ KA.iLT ai)b* C'bm^r* tmsv llcfd i^hfiiI of it* tb h
vUioo, m *At .t.. V.'ai.lM, /If*.

/ov (O.t nrtmf utiOC till* •...ml ..f ?,) mill '.Utlj

eftwa — ia ww ^ iwmw 1 of Oi* iltcntM.n «(lulvn •jllnbliu
0 1 this 8«Mfrit tkr m**n.

* Pftulkior*« Ifinfm p I

• AetobhA* to tbo hulorun 8fC*m.tbvk«w Ibof ^ilry
ol T ii bio U *A mUd tint 3ft) iCTir^* tn thn Mtifli.irttC
rf Ti> win (iKrw Tt«l«rQD. tn Anbk. ThatlikcDd : oc^.M-

»T»< to t 1 »# Ul»Y. f »»1 p*ftfRk|l 1 tY 7 A 0 *.<A«ri.f.|-tM»».|-*fi| •

KVknoil, fivurlinf t> tin- 1 A iM i» » -itb arf

tbt rirtf Vf f i <in fiwiutit VubX tbeOxot.

bui

/»*«'*« v, IBM.]

CHINESE ACCOUNTS OF INDIA.

15

reed and doth of Ska. • Whonoc haro you got
tho« thing" P‘ naked l*o of tho poopleof Ts-liia.

' Our mc-rrhnnln, 1 they aid, * are oent to buy
them in 8 !i i 11 -t n, which in the Minn country as
T h i e n-o h u (India). 8ome coll it M o-lt i e-t b o
< Magadhs) and others P o-l o-m c n (kue) Brik.
iicMitWiAfrn, ' the kingdom of the Prahmuiu.'
It » to the Math of tbo T * o n g.l i n g mountains
and in many thousand li to tho south-east of
the Y uc i-o h i Thin country extend. 30,000
/•' (8,000 longues) i it is divided into flro Thlsu-
cliu (Indian), ti> i middle Thien-cJia, autoni
Tbiw-obn, southern Thien-chn. won teen Thion.
cho, and northern Thlrn-ehn, nneh division
inoasuiv" many thonnand li», and contains many
oities large and small.

Honthern India is bounded by a great ata,
tlie northern extends to tho snowy mountains
<8 i n o-» b n n,' tho IlimkUjaa). On all sides
me mountains which form a sort of wall, To.
•varda tho south is a valley l>y which one might
enter, and which is redonml as tho gut* of
time | isrl of India.

" Kasim India Is bounded on tho rut hy a
gioat as, it is near F u-ti a u* (Siam) and 1. 1 nd
(Tsiampa), it ia only separated by a narrow aoa.

- Wsstom India touches K ipin (Ubul) and

I'om as (Para'n, Peniia).

"Control India Is situated in tho middle of
the other four divisions of India.

•' All the countries of India arn governed hy
kings. In the lime* of tho I Ians, there still
existed the kingdom of Y ueu-tu' which was
'•'Ht>0 li from the oily of Chsng.’an, and KWK) li

• X'ls '(Am, sn ••*>* Usiialsbos of ll» Ssnikrll Mi.iJ.

Itiii. •sbols of suo-.’ «• fsllior H<i*Ua»Sftol. • nc.mUlt

.harm tbs mo- ml.'-/. A. 9 lie- v ml, VI t,. 01.

• Wo resd In «h.> hittor? <4 ike .filseotmiof Fu-sss

i.MIsmI Uic kupl— of Bke.wol ISrAio.li) Us d«pm<
.I« » nf lu.tifl, tk» lioirl'iei of Klsshi (KM, Is
•slbd IV.kni'1 tVsmes'i, H.usrw\ sml 8 li ipolo-nsl
Hilisnn.it, tko cloetoa' km^lnm of IWnsm). II W
ti*i ib Ik# »nrk ralitkil (/AHjt*u4*r04««sM. or
Mtwwr* «( tW BirfAhirf WA.m., I 7 tb* Hi«.» Cha-
fa.W*« (10 8a»kvU IlhAntikiiiU f) Tl.» uf P®.

iv«rMM. u hash# Booth of iv

kingtaw Kni.lU*

Tit* Uv of 8lfc%«muida0BrtihM ttar* (Aafaw’a

iVu a fact Uk«o ftura tbo vwk
hi- W.f tar *. ottiMdiuar y and JiuUlua* tuirtaarMbovt
* »mHm ei a* of the »4»t (oaotev, bWh U «ll(d
Ataodo-BfrOw whkk mom tV oi «how Hook. i« «t.t hy
dint too. Min black aod >*• bon»i foor fwt U*t*

Kvfty teo diiy». tbff rm\ a fv4it»ti iu flewh » witboe-.
t:.»» it falii ill »«t di.-v !'■•>? who (Mm it«

bloc-1* wid indeed prnctBlly *be tBWibiUvU of tbi* liof.
dwn. liv* to h tfxy b4«nr*v| Taw ipf<<c« of ot him
M loo* M tbp «A*n. T»o Vmi {my* tW inlWr «»f

tbf L..IH/.S-H'.*: t) it • hwdrad mn of orp i bit kinRtb.M
forn« mrt uf Tkio ••dm. I bit it tour lodil/'

• TW Mtitb.tr of tbe Hbii 4om>, fro» which »urk

from tho reoidouoo of T a-h n (tbo Chiowe geoo*
rtdifliomoof the S i y u). On the naath it tonche*
tlio Taong-linjc mountaini, on the north it »»
bounded by tho country of tho U-o a n.* Tho
inhabitAHU droned like tho U-fcnn j like thorn,
iilfro, thoy were a pastoral people. They belonifed
to tho ancient mco of tho aS4i. We nre inforiaod
hy Yen-M 0 *kti that tlio wotxl Yut+i* U tho
namo M SAi’n-in. Tho oipreoMoa fiai-cAimp U
tho M&tnot* Shi-okmy, tbo mco of 8ik jh,
or children of £lky* (tbo tribo to which
belonged the founder of tin* ltail<lhi«t religion,
mnuuiml 8 1 k y n m u n i or tbo monk of tho
64kya family). We have horo, tho comraentator
odd*, u olighi altoralion of tound, uamoly, Mi 1
initmul of M,\’ p

All the eoantriiM, ooatinoM Ma-twBn.hn,
which extend from iboeoitb.wtHt of tho Y aol-
c 1 i and tho kingdom of Kao-fu* (Kabul) to tho
ireifnw mo (*M* •). *nd on tho nm.t to l^n-khi.
(or ns it U BomBtiaicu written Pan-yuoi), boloug
to S h i lid u (l>dm). > 1 nny t>wa* are aabjoot
to (iinverful dtiofll ; them arv aUo many
kingdom! which are governed by king*. Al*
though theeo kingdoaia differ a UUlo fn>m unit
anOihan they are all ooniprohnmhd under tho
name 8 hind a (or India).

The capital is near the rivor Heng-ho
(fia&g/i). whirh U aloe called Kiapili-ho*
or tho rirer of Kapila.

Tho Vulture mountain L i n gd « i e d*a h a u,
la oillod In tho language of tho IwHxiriiu*
K Id il k up shan (GpdlirakA(n). It is formod
of hluo atonoi, and ita aura tit it mrinhlea thv

lUivta k maUm t*%(fart», Ut «ot oWiml tbat Ike

t. Mtilll tklUii \J M'.Ulg YUOU-IU U ItU-BClfBl •itb

tbo wo wWtok bo U« tofoM «>otot of avk*r the tame «»f
• hi n-t a. b»M4^o wmib In ovnp*iioa tk-i Indiioi to
the U»«ia. a louud^ raob who. in tboir costiMtl migro.
tioM. t»ok fur wot#r nnd Tlio t\r« mew it

JJCrnWd further oa hy r«i<»U nitnmrotBt<r .^i tb>

• 'D.W thr»i.in tf India »*t*t fatale U* n-xlmi Katair.
ttwAmrinUon of oliick by .MmwK tW AnibUa li*«>rm.,

niih^faio « tirtiic mm., .nr wilb that of U.rCI »»w*«i

•utbori "The btirlura «f lUfM,* 1 U mj$. "which

(tuts J«r< ttf I ml A. i» •stmiuolol oltbvory biiti nt<nnUin-i

It o*it«At/- a pr*Jtfi* "i# mmbit «f town AM rilUtfo« j il
cao !>♦ canted ^ily by a cicuto wbieb b clued Ik n
A.U 21. nf op.

* IV fott&wilic ocvaot <2 t’i 4 kinr>* «% I- c MUI Vy
Ma tv*adiiitUc*1»*re(> cc»t4»«iii, f. C7)« Thekmedcin

Ml vaf tiwoB in U* um- «f ebr Mnu,
fttwudto the fratti^Mi M lb. R rf«.t Yo*.fbe. It t»
likewiic » o«M*lmble *!»tt*. Tb.nr nuwri rewmbU
thew- of lb iiihnhit«n»4 of Indb.aad tWy %r* aid

bnmaoa TV/ <*rryem u.tuli tomm »i*b Indii Indu,
| KopliW. nt>tf the *ym\rj »f A-m. tengdoa#

i wVh nre conynerBf by firtx' oittl f«#f bv fmItmi," the

#xpre4«.«*firT* b «m»l fMW tV TV«.flAdiHjf of
I Uoa.iwe -;. <t. X. H u. #. p «.

THE INDIAN* ANTIQUARY

[Jaxcaby, I*8a.

it;

"* It loitli uf >t III. it inn'Fi II wu<

•ktc* i.lr> k*VM u port rf Ibhiwlni. <OU/ti-i
Am*OA

M TW« Wiipcmiit f*.«h in tlu I i.'n/yony tr* Iti.l nit).
F<«*m*iii ty •«*•#!• mi 1 Ci.F«* -» lii»t rl,«« xi*l ii iml «t.i

.( tl« lm*i ohvtitiUKt •V'fimiil /imim tU
Vut-cfc*."* lmlu.8Wyfmi.M0" ‘

*7 "I tit..

•Iiul .4 III/ I

»nt

.1 * «o

ny.k.-M,

\ . tin: ,

i i.

it in ii

4tllf.'l|

'.I* .if 1

ft>ll |

It, HI

ii*. 1
»i n.

In • «l

»frv .

»// t'l

•

t l-|JK
t»4-4. t

1 1

<».!,!

Inttl

in iu.ili,«.

IWX ivl

Worn bird (griMra, vulture). 10 At this* period
nl) thus c kingdom* belonged to tlio Y n o i-c hi. 11

THo Y a c U i )> i slow the king* of tho*j
kingdom* and tilled their pitted with general*,
to whom they gave tho governorship. Thu
jieujitu prucliui BaddhUni (fYiWV/nn), which
forbid* tint taking of the life of any living
mature and the drinking of tvlno. Thia
pivliiliitioii »oon pas*cvl into the emu mini of the
|<u|>!o. Thu toil in luvr mil iliatp, and the
elfinito in oxtrviiu ly wuriu,

Thii kiugdom i* near (that in to nay watered
by) u largo river. The toUliorc tight mounted
mi elephant* Tho inhabitants of tlio country
tirti wot to atrong a* the Yuef-cld.

Tho mporer Wa-il, of the II an dynasty, |
(irhioh reigned from I In to H& n. c.,) tent
otlhvr* twelve iiiunt out of Chinn by tho south-
MXtt i to try to diet an oatninre into 8 Ii i n-t it
(Imliu), hot tlioy were Mopped hy tin Kuuit-
III i n g, and uoiKi.if them Meuvik'd hi pciiet nil
ing Into tho country. 11

India AOroml tiimw pnul tribute In tin eni.
|viur l*o.i I, (who Ivlmijpn) to tho Inter Itnu
djiUUC)', nnd ivognixl from 6l> In IM t K.) hut
mmatW, this homogv 1 ' nut iutt'mlptod hy tlu*
it v iti vf tin Shy u |Mipt(s

In t(i«' aimsuiiI yvur ut tl I » <&i |M*rii> |
iluiingdt rclgti ofUieiiiupiierll w an«t I (138—
IWsi>.), Indian ambamreWs paxHod tho huim
lUiirn of J hue it (the prevent Tomjuln), auil
laid tribute to tho empon't of China,

Tradition velnUw tint the umji. tor At ing-tl
(oftltc Inter Hau dynasty, who reigned from

•ivi'^t'.l i • K •!.• •• » :*t»i» r. .*,-*w. <* I

luJii. vi-.iniiii wit jiK. I. J ' 7 I.I V. . Mi. Ylii«<«lnr i
9mm l*‘Kil// tU* iK\tluu» , i' | • if « ,1 , tt>*ftff*i<ve

lioc YuN

lu 0. 8M. Ii tnulU fnm Wv fnl "\C

SkrtUuutuf < iM Uwt? Uvtt iuMl«r« of W.>l.tu

lr«« al.Mil h i: JiJ t il a. ^ 2 U t Vmi i»,

.fil^yiir*. llw tint hiwkmi U luilh l.y |1»; Yu'-tU\.

, f Sk>4 much taW torn toiua pli^i M,tv tt,0 ftfJctj.i

\*tkr4iuf»lAyj. vW u.WhO.nIcm, tn I. kli

)iar4 l* f «u am. rr^iiot^t fnoi lu.i < *» ^fnil .4

llir AkyftMimlfbf tMitn4ll»{Miiv'.. •».» oimt ^liith

A^rn.l Ui Ull.u. ImmrriU a C .W,, . kl *. j . . , 4
Atpcm. <ia«tiMo p. 4$» aud Um.% Iv

5S lo 70 *. i> ) MW in a droatn n (all innii nf llii»
colour of gold, from wliowo head a lUmn nl
liio iiuood. Ho questioned lii. ollicora for t ln-
suly.ee, nnd ono of them -aid to him—" lu tlm
W«ut thnro i» n g«xl rallr .1 K> (Bnddhn), lie w
! nix eAt hlitli, uud yellow like Hold"."

HpoB I.CAring thU tho omperor sent mnacn-
B«r» lo Thion-ohu to learn tho dootrino of
I'o (Duildhn), ami soon aft.-r imagninud >tu
too* of Po wore scatUnxI ilitouglxuit China.
Y i ii h, king of T h » n. iva» tho II ml. wlm pn'
faith in IlnddhUm. Hi* omiterdnu lot in a
givnl nnmbor i>f |x«|ilu in Chinn r oihrm-liw tin
new ruli jioa.

In o airicoftiino.thooinporoi' II w a ml i," wl.i
»*« nlrongl/ nddlotol to tho woiahlp of «|iinu,
haif an ollon to olTur uncriflccn to Fn n>t h u
(lhidilhn) nml Loo t Hen. Ily ilegroo* peojih
eiuhrn.od tho DmldhUt relijjioii. nnd *n»i iiHiw
ithognii to fliwiri.li, Huilor the \V o I and T • i ■<
dynrulU.. (•.*.'.> to lit* a. n.) tin. rvttilidiiM lie-
t ueen China and India were Inxiktni up and
weren.it mtowcil fur n lung tlinu, 1- t Inly iiinlur
the l* ,f dy iui%ty (2 it ‘227 %.U ) laiH-heu, king
of PiMi an (Siam), »-‘iii a relation id Id. called
Su'Wcmiii mi miituv^ i . linli.i, Ihnvouluf
Fa-nan, In* net mil fa • • tin* m • mt Ii »»i tin* hvk
T< it'kcu Ii, and CamhUhI alung till ho omiih to a
Inigo gulf on tho north. wont. II,. inwilM
HirtMgli icvcml ItlngiUmm nitunteilmi tin* n i^.it
tho gulf, and at tlm end nfn year, anient at the
nuwlhof tho river uf Till wt'di n («.f Imliu). Ilo
fotloirod thoeouaoof llto rivov tor nUuit 7, mm
f.‘ (70U leagues), and arrival at In* do«tiiutnm.

*• 1 • jv r ^ t Tt. it* . • i ■. ..... t.

W.WmI mi \ ir„ i Mil, in •»!,.. il,., , a.

ti.t.l Hi t.« «ni)il.av4 l.> Hi* nil , 1 , 1 ,.#,. i|, ,

hi *»» ■ti. il 11. Ufliiftin ||.. , .•,,,11.. I %,i,\

ttUuHiMdivrcr dofMtcdhy VlXfumddnyj -J.A.s.U
thAP.*

11 tl,i# -w emperor irnloi*! tniim partUnUr-
r.«*'Ttmr India . I,V ii« llnw tut CVin, li. ,, (

wh I,. ki t wnt lo IW \ i*W\ win. h iff,, i, . . , vv .l i.»
IIh U««ti,riia K*« mi toMi.i . I.i* (k. ,.k . < . 1 ., i;

,u t7l, wVr« .I ii it , lot ll»i( Ktitflu • fltMit. *t * .
,K*t vf Tv)«, the oi|a 1 #I ftfnliiit, u i> tlir cl j ,r U„.
•Ik.- J- A* s /I, it. ^ p.01.

11 At I’ih i»«rid LCluiiiwn' »<i1t rmi.hrvd il,« p n.

J* *mt •tj ,A vV all tilt* litlf iiiilu d inh. i.# U’.iltUlmf

V. ,,,t4 ’. A Vr ,f 111 ,,U H tlKW<..i«, ••iri.rtiinv 0«*t r
}'|» '*•< ln.JU|lt|l‘.Wt III On Vt|V.|4„. ..r SkylVuiis -k.alil
have tkiuelit ol »,i,Ii|a «^1 .r- |„ Clii,*, i„

,.t ni.» it* .4 ikllo riitc tU'ir »s*» *trr Cn.„i lorliirkin, Ii,
Wiyaijl tM#«.T*H»r4. an.u^ ul, v |, o.uM ,i„ ir n ..

!' V I*. nM^.-Pvahicr * #:itnira, p. 12 .

• Or *i, w idttMilimidiMatiM vUich r.iuin«l
in/ 'Italy iStv'c «||v>t»,ik ,i{ UK*Ommo<iuutrv: it -«,U-
•Olid fr.o, A. u. 22i to SOW. ft. * ,, 114.

JlXCAlY, WHO.]

CHINESE ACCOUNTS OP INDIA.

17

Tim king of India was 111 Sod with astonisb-
motif, ami cried out — Wlial ! tlacre still exist such
moil on tlio shores of the mow distant sms ?
Thereupon he invited them to visit the interior
of h» kingdom.

In tlto suilo of this ambassador, ho sent two
office is. Chin-song and nnnlhnr, to prownt
V a n-e li on and 8 u-wo wiili four hoises from
the Y nof-ehi muntry, ns a token of recogni-
tion. They arrived only at the end of four
• years. At this time, tlto omporor of the U
dynasty had sent Kliang thai, with tho title of
Choug.kuig, on a mission to the kingdom of
P u-n a n. Upon meeting with Chin-song and
his companion, ho <|uuvtiuus'd them about tlie
customs of India. It is, tliey replied, a country
whoro the Duddhiat law lluuri.h.s. TIhi people
nn> upright and honest, ami tho soli is very
fertile, Tho king's ns mo is Mou-lan"i and tho
capita 1 in which ho ivsklos is aurroutidcd by
walls. Tho nvotw and streams are divided into
a grail number of sinnltar sltvanis which ran in
canals and ditches ami fall into a largo rtrrr,
Thu paluoas am decoratcil with lieiintiful carwd
work" j in tlie atreota and tho piihllo plnoe., tho
homes, tho pavilions, and raised galleries is
hosrd the Bound ofliltlo bells or of tho drum and
imil.. lion* songs, one sec* rich clolhitig, and
hmatlios lint |- i (lino of Ituwcra.

MorehnnU arrive there hy Isml and sen, and
gather in groat tinmhetw olferiug, according to
the public taste, skilfully wronglit vmsols and
nurloaiticw of very gnat vuluo.

Itight nnd left mo sixluon large kingdoms,

<• This ink amt he tWft.o«s trsasnUkm of 1M 1.
rOns, thf ra osa tw nu 1MM In r*.i«» v, the llr-t .,11.1, W
».iU(lacoaw>*Hv«» ’ ■nat'ibnl It. fcmilrii w*d rr>.

tiWMdt'd Vj lN« (fif r\\%) is be. $*tt* n* At ill rrrn*!
Uls icirt 1 m a kill* "f In. I *. nit. .or n»r» y, mi» «• M OiUi

• ul 2*1. J.A.S.H.

. a. #. t».

. A bf f 0 UIM J uf UlO Ill’tM*
nitl IV* unihitiiui tempi*.
With #<ulptllMI UHll W*

ai«'tltC.lrt«M.%‘l» *22
•• This U Him raw cl Ilailfao
him *>ton or enlist «t>rr>t t

»»».| null Ho c xlite'*s oio w**r

nImU

- HitJMf tbiikiofflai w nui fmil it thr#to«lW
bi#U*y vf Uiwm tUiifl, ood I Uowaot ml with si i4m.
oh **♦; it to nr to Vat* txwn alUtfL

i • p 17

•• lu UM4«M«c«b jmnifh* rur+Jti* prrtod Ull
Su m o-l » A*nt an AmUmavtir to
nwdaotn of hi* wintry. In tin* Ittttod
Aim ,-n.sl * *

naraoly Kia-wei (Kxtpdj), Shc-wci (Srlvasti)
V c-p a, ,c do.

Hovorol kmgdoma, although two or Ditto
thousand /*» fi\»w Thicu-chu, yield obedience
lo it, bcmu*3 they ftiniider that this kingdom
is ftituatixl in the middle of tho nnivrr**.

In Dio flftll jtar of tl* YniM-lia potiod iu
tlio reign of W o ut i , of tbo Song dynasty (in
tho ynor 428 a. d), Yuoi.’ai (that i. to any
• loved by the nwon.'inSotiBkrit— Chondropriyo),
king ur K i n-p i.l i (Kapil*) in Thieo-chn" wnt
on iiii.lutKAtliir to premmt n Idler lo tl«o emperor,
and lo offer him a ling wh with diamond., a
bmnolol of p«ra gold, along wllli ollior viluublo
aKieVo, and two parroto, ono rod and tho
oilier white.

In tlio TOoaml year of tho Thti'sKi periotl, in
Dio lolgn of M i n g-t i (-IM a.d.), ho oont again
on onihoitidar lo jmy Irihnle. Tho I'tiipororcxm-
fcrw d on him tho Ullo of Kien*wi i*Uiang*kiim
(liteinlly * tlio gonrxul who TOlublUhrw nulho-
ri«y)/ #

Ai tlm beginning of tlio period, In

tho mign of Wu-ti of Dm Liang dymwly
(fi02 Alt ), Kioto, (Oupta,) king of India, amt
Chii-lo-ta, with tho lillo or Cliaog-ihl, to f rental
tlio mupuror with a Idler, 11 a npiiooa of tfr.V.f •
(iifiVfiu* yp«v t Inpin Uiali), <liffore«it klotU of per-
fumoa, Nlftlfa off iivjt* • (I i irprffm, roft<ii»),do. Ilin
kingdom wii% near n largo r»\(r ml led Sin.
tkao 14 (Sindh), which mm in tho K wan-
ill (AikiiU) tnounUin«,aud dlvidot into firn
rivoen, of wliioli tho polled iv© namo in II n n g.
ihuV(tlionrer Hcngor Oangro). At tho hot-

a. o.k the king of

ion* of t)u» nr ... # _

® d IW Hi* r-Um |Mri.»l, in tho r^n d Hikv»u

A. OX tbn kbjr U K i «4ho4l ml ah *«off wit^ U«

iM of (7V**4+U to prMfeit T4s.« uf mid and

1 «m.Aor«

nw

JMfiisI

Blill

Um

ill tk* Cr. I ymr o|
vf r rT«t i (raul Tmn|C*«e«

(••nisi in Ui« n**fn vl I cl-ti ^n-.ul Itinr -u*«niir l>^

S t^ n\ IUj kin adorn uf l*u4i raid IriboU. TVwt
lt/iisftd iu tlio UodtiM of IIW4W <hV* d

Afrt Um. thu (AlHliei of HmliihM nnd Sira.

bo f la SiiuJint Utndkiti or Q**dk*r*^-J. A. S. B. $.

H for Ik ll*Uf •€« rMtlhWr, n. •. |ry» JKi.1l.

11 Thiwi COTHPU d.4n.v tko •Urtlltdlc <4 Mk.fli mty
wile .Andie, prow Uu.l M Clilmoe hlitto^M
iK-tlrr iiif<4inM| ihtt. nkU Inyo lorn d ..f fine.

Ad ciffQirHUorm M.nr. niiuit tVdiml .ml W.-A/ru A..«.
We Mr ii«loUc-l W> CoUbiwU. fur Ike »•*'»• MMrUi..

tin tbf Anwt Of ibe CblriMO wr.l.rra I. f.«l lU

rbifimn Wrtds Sit.tA.o AW blit lb# tmn«(ri|iUib vf IU
Htuskni •cml Sfln. IW« MOW <4 00# d Uiu ouifMt <M tlo
(» »m ,tw Id A imitrAr on tbr MW t^lbl flltv, Uu*
•iliuUr t iU. IU. follodm p^Af- fru« tho Mrioocnrt
UbiMlart A.blryA TlwMy atonm which fr«i
IW fmA uf Viclnu iml» frm» th. .halo d 1 MhM <•
UMiat M«ta <tho Kfnu*4wi1. n di«^# into fmir
curnuU. aoI ntf 0»nr*ili toe oir, A nor lira tur Uk*«
ui tlw >untiuit of Ik** mdiiitiilfi# el.s #d*i uu tin « I’wlo
til** 1AM of £&1a thin «Vrar>4tlB tlie lllnditwim | fc* tbr
AUkaaaidi, Amil-r. flUmUmr.liA ill.uli.lii> s
tho C ti a k - b a. ilMOCTOlt fo h.4nnu!u, ami m IU
Ubndrn. it i:-m. U K*m <4 »1m m.rtk/ -Aij!dAdnf.i#<A^

•• Mood llrr-.. " i «w lln>lu. nij Uni the O.ogra
fell# from hmr*n*r<.ii IM imwit, wrf IWiieo in

four fomoM . th- .vitbem W#h - Oioa the
CNtal brwi* *• the S<tA. .ul Uu. «r.!Ufu i. Ibe l uUciJju
oeOii#/*— WiUo.^J win! X*<f, 2il drf. Art ru-r .— iU
Htvu u tbr Mipw <A ibe OrwU-A 4. J. t. ■- *

]8

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[Jaxcanv, 1880.

tom of this river, pare salt is found as white as

rock crystal I."

In the reign of 8i ucn-w □ of the later We I
dynasty (5(Xl— Ml *. i>.), the king of India"
sent an ambassador to present the emperor
with u well trained burse. lie related that
thin noantry prodacod lions, snblre, Uopaixls,
rats," camels, rhinooonw, nml elephants.

There is n mineral prodnet coiled Aodti
which rwerablc* ysn-inu (laminar mica), but
it is of a viohit colour. It can bo split" Into
leaves as thin an a gmssliopper’e wmg, amt
which laid on the top of ouo another resemble
gsuso several timos foldod.

A kind of diamond is found similar to
(crystalline quarts), which tbestrong.
ret fire reuuol dissolve, and which can cat judo.
One may obtain ahoaiticlui nuvdo of torloius.liell
(fas Mtf), gold (Ms), copper (tuny), iron (tti),
Isatl (yusn), and tin (sefA), textures ofthrosd"of
go*d, M carpets ornamented with golJ, and carpou
of /d-fi..' (oollon) I porfuiire eilmolod from tho
sAsa-fxa troo (oftamfn.i, modal), and tho yciiu
plant ! sugarcane and other product. ; crystallised
sugar," popper (Au.fniio—pipcr nigrum), ginger
and Mack salt.

On tho went, this kingdom mnlntatns oom-
incrclnl relations by am with the people of
T a-t h s i n"und tho 'A s i" (I’aithians). Home
timos ita inhabitamta travel as far m (ha king,
doais of F u<n n n (Hiam) and K i a o-o li i (Ton-
quin) for tlio purpose of tabling. Tlwy huvo a

riHjnTti of lb 9

•• Pffbintbt Ta*r of tbo
Ami’ of CVi ryhi (p. 7«). *atl

" tariMc* i’Mmn, p IB.

99 IWM* l>M ' S’.r-Jtuni ImlU.W i. p. M

“ M. I war lit -HU. V.« l.plsra
•enupM f«r Kota, ret. -how fur it moil ni.nl

." TV sanllis III Ik* Uil -mm ' In -1 in onW 1 it .. n
ni.Uke i I takm It h. -split.' II I. Ctt., .Ion

'' '.orerniol l>; a l—i.. In ll» J’l.ni.twn (lx.,W Ion I

1^" .i!c-i"r’^ ’ h * cb ,V ’ ““ U “ "

(| “ IrUtir fit It li “ lomgmre," I Oink It .li.mU mad

TW nrf, |» dc.U, tw Om kreoulf* smlintilmd
•iltfold aoialrir, f.r wln.li Bit Am. • Hill litre!.. I .
-Una exitau to touUtul. .» iiVMire lutiHs -f own.
«-™ tHrowhoot la*a.-J. A. S. b. «

•• SMk-vik,

■Hi- Row wopjroi i lot lk*A«.«t are umt (relaMy

n weal., • AUni Hrc
N«e Am <if Itibra-

tho A'/tni of o I mwxoI .uthir* i »fe
Ai nli rial <rfC. J* W. At in, pp. 1*4 If.— Eli.

99 *i do.**, tbo oflteh-fffefc.

I “»Tu9." m ““ ^ ** ** **« 0/ **

great deal of coral, also pearls and fnnj-taq
(a kind of coral). Tltry are not in tho habit of
keeping ledgers, hut pay for giwds with cAi.pri
or dentatnl shells (cowries) j they particularly
excel in magical scioncc* (tliat it, in working
transformations). Tlvo greatost mark of respect
which one can sbow to a man is to kiss his
feet and lightly touch his hods before addeore-
ing him. In tho houses of tho rich there are
young female singers" and jugglers who keep
tho inmnUu in ainusammt. Tho king nml his
chiof oIBcor* tiro dtvswd in hrucudod silk j tho
sovereign retain* oil I ho crown of his hood a
small look of hair," which is dimmed spirally, ho
wean the rest of his hair very short. Tho men
cut thoir hair and hang pendants in their care ;
they are accustomed to walk barefooted, and
dress throisolroa in whlto. They arc timid,
and llulo given to wur and combats. They use
bows and arrows, shields und spears" t they also
know how to use soiling hidden, wooden oxen
(mAA-mwi.) and floating harem (foM>ma for
crossing livers), llicy also nuiko snhtcmnoou
passages. Tliuy hnro a written language, and
nro cicellont lutronomers and calculators of the
calendar. The Indians all study an elementary
book culled (lira M.'ilttc, a kind of

primer); and write inumoranda upon luavre
called pci.f«.ya"

Y a u g-l i I. an emperor of the S u I dynasty
(0»5 s. n.), huving formed tho project of enter,
ing into relations with tho Bi-y u (thu countries

" this i. s Sr»llii*dU4*». «.f "Ill'll • n I..,. Bin.,
e.ni in.r w —<n in Hu Art ifihfniin CAi'.n, i-K is
ami III J A S Jf. n. .. |i. Ilf.

M The • airdtlif* •• trS.i'Aitv nr* it inutMvtii.
two t.f Uk* Mu *4r4 s^MA.Ult, ml.t li rtvfiu

1 r«l%ti)l«V*l <VuUs' ' (lottUttllMUH ...lillln.in/ ,.,,i| N | tJtf ||
firm* tbo tiUte <4 nt«v wicuUlIn UHik«, us tl>r
s^k.W A lVIK.aw ? MUAa.ki,thea<ilikS n tajra.ma.
M, Ao. TU WiTf# of thf trof«, «#Mo, i*. U>e Uu, oo
'M*. "V"< < ^ MHSC .re wtltUn,

IK wm chnrvrUfi, which omii o fnmi

l.sltw— J. A. li v. 9

•* 1“ '*‘i* *Mthio on Irrrw of the impffi.l boob of Mnay

KttOo t-i hsKh tip. itmlf r /Vi.hi^htt, «n. r tn .|

lli.l *' Ihw in* m • Mhw of Manikin Harowts to ihr
Uucht of Mjfv Of mttnly fiwt f .nt) iI.ko not Ui iu Irwrro
iu «M«. .rr> Um 9\Htv of It. tho rtrrt of wbvh

•» «JW To-ld«Ki.U^ha (i.» KMt.krit 74/*#,UrA,|. fy,

»Mf€oaro mKW4 yn*to->K-N.tfU.;Mi.^ (m &m*krit T4i«.

Tin. iwf.fi it .n lailUui wonl

u***). •htoh it » ffciti.ud • ktf in entire ChiiK.it. uin ^

Odliutimir* writs! v'-^Ao lot ftuiaknt f.>.y».l%.t\n j
nYi.l jntf-ovrkJMrt, litinlly ' Imo u «<|. ln,r ( . >. ..maims

. li/lirtd wt>nl nAilo «p of tear.#. .nJ

i hi* ire*.”

" Io }£**• '*** i»rw ««n! to wrtU ItMtla

<*' \ ntatwetalbopoliii ii.ukU Aonum/aMI^. mfr.
TlrelmpcrlAl U^tk of UIaov huoUhI n \yyr* r<|iliin« tl>.
oiraiKU yvi.fi*-> Aw m»K# clrorl/ tli.i nrv tr«ih

hu beftn iluiit. (Cf.ihn.ni8fwf.nfn, to t* rii., fol. 20 v.)

J»xu*Bt, 1890 ]

CHINESE ACCOUNTS OF INDIA.

10

to tho weit of China), aout Foi-tu to induoe w
(bo Si-fan*' (Tibetans) and other people to
pay homage to him. Many prince* responded
to hi* appeal i those of lu<li» being the only one*
who rofuvod to enter into relations with him.
Their refusal irritated him very much.

The King* of India are of tho Kl-li-chi
family, onllod aUo TsaJi (Kahattry&s). For
oenturioe they have hold tho throne without onoo
acquiring it either by usurpation or murder.

Thom are four crop* of rice in tho year i tho
greatest of cereals is called mo-to-fAo."

Tho women wear necklace* of gold, silver
and psarls. Tho bonos of tho dead are burn*.!
and their a*hot placed in a so-fu (Stlipa) ;**
sometimes however tlwy lenvo tho doad in tho
middlo of n donort, nr throw them into a rlvorj
they *oryo tbon for food for bird* and ben*t* of
prey, flshos and turtlos. Tlmro is no law to
determine tho duration of mourning. Tboao
who have been guilty of treason or revolt are
put to death in secret, Ihoio wlio here oom-
milled light offences may l«iy tboauelvos off
with money, and those who lutvo failed in ibo
duties of filial piety either suffer amputation of
tho hand* or foot, noeo or ears, or are banished
to tho frontiers.

Tho Indians haro a written language, and
they ciccl in astronomical 0110111*1100*" and tbo
■alenoo of tho calendar. They use oharncler*
invented by tlso god Fan, "and write memorable
things on leaves called pn-fo ps." In all parts
of India undent traces of Po (lladdba Sikyn-
mum)" are found. Th# people hove faith in
solemn oaths, and transmit magical formulas
wbioh they say can bring dragons and call down
rain,

In Ibo ITu-le period (in tho reign ef Kao-

U Chliir-r, * lx «e luAna'

• WiMura BwWim-.' •"> Bietajkotidcv, u. ». p 111 .

- "”TU. wrel Aw- iK* seem t> to purely l*l»i. for lbs
I*. Urf syllable nww ill CWaoM-wm.t. tto e teneter
in. (.Ill) I<™ III to as abbNvatlen ;«>• • -rel

TIi. mid 'ore! u JuuUIn* used >" all— * to ito
tslttorimir; bright of Ute o*rt«\

•» (Cfc

Kniui tbii wtwd tbo •ord ’If*..* tu* fjHnwjL
*ri»y Ul t liimlly •••*««'• *' in*) a tmnf. n a* lull t.r till
•• Ma.tiATt lm otnUUJ th. «or4 bU<*o <ef. T.t
Mt-vim -/«, b«k 1 i««p. fol. Ill r.) „ _

•••fw WoM Fto l- on BbbnirUika ****+"*>
Hfftlimfc (Cf. Sih.IAahhi/-;;**. book ilfi. fob St It «•
uiqaIIy r«i Urikiii. tCl. J I

b»dk u W- u. !««' b;

Tbit Iiuui' M ilmJy fotiitl [b » forftoiofwlmii,
ui-Mi frun tb» «( 4 lwH.«B avuailf. We p rtwrte A,u>
Ufkr to K %\9 ibc tut uf Mt»-!n»u« in fait

• 1 t 1 - 1 t- t I... ....... k... visiters <\l

•' 1

liulho

1 1 , III, iMUfM of sscirol tauw-

ts u) of tho T .k 4 n g dynasty ( 016 . 1127 ) serious
disturbances broke out in India King S h i-
I o-y-t o (SlWditys)*’ raised a gnat army, aud
fought with imuislible raluur. The men neither
tcok off their own armour nor the elephants
tluir homings. Ho punished the kings of four
parts of India, so that they all with their farce
turnod towards tho north acknowledge! bis
superiority.

At this time, a Duddhisl monk culled lliwon-
t h s a n g oamo to the kingdom of f» II 1 d i t y a ;
the kiag invited him to oomo and see him, and
said to him,—" In yonr country a very pious
monarch appeared, and a war-song was com-
posed to celebrate the oonquesU of the emperor
of China 1" Iry, I pray you, loteueh It tome."

lliwen-thaang told him briefly how
ThaMsong had, by his divine valour, qaicted
tho nn» fortune* and troubles of tho empiro, and
brought tho foreign peoples'" into subjection.
Choang-waag (in Sanskrit Stlidity*) was
dcJightod at thaw wore!*, and cried out—" It be-
oouice me to tom tow aids tlie oaat and to do
botuago to him.” In the Moonlit year of tho
ChUj.Unn period (til 1), & 1 1 k d 1 1 y a assumed
tho title of kiag of Mo-klc-tho (Magadha),
and sent an ambassador with a letter lo Ik*
e* n|»oror. This monarch ordered I.Ung.hoai-
king, under (he till" of Tao-ki-wsf, te go lo
him furnished with an impoiial brevet, and lo
bivile him I0 submiwion.

h 1 1 d d 1 1 y a full of astonishment asked his
ofllooro whether an ambassador hod ever come
from M o-ho-s h I n-l a n boforoP " Never," they
simiilUneoasly replied. In the language uf the
barbarians (that is of three people) the anther
udJs, tho middle kingdom (Chinn) is culU.I Mo-
ho-ahin-lan, (in Sanskrit Mahlchlnaslhlua).

rnoM. ertt-tol Is |.Vnes vi-iel Baddhs lo CkintM
tbo word I Usfri ofton romne of ivimoiA mooo*

mottj (kc tho rA*i- 4 ffiOf .|.<o^-<m»tbpoofflk« nut lc^J
Xu f/f).

•• Hf»wh%nrddhMih-Hj0 Ab nd. VII. Pt» IMIT.-Ro.

•• Ti IS i. th* nimo of Ibo df wbiej. r-i r »*4 ortr

Chinn fn.« m io.WZ. Jutmo nhkl lh*
iKcw-r WMtl it If to bo kuivn fur tiir CM tiuu in
Cfl«irm) mid \T«*t«r* Atik iU oc«d|OMt* U ini ' ht. idi*4 l >

U»* < n»n«%«t mi itrl llruifil. ill t>. f ii i f ’IaIii-bW*

ItyMiiK '.. Um otkbmtod Ihirnff of tho Ih -U. IV vtuo
uf in* f n.uvlt bit of rimo. SiMkrit Cbiia.

«hk!li Od.lr* 1(1 tb ywoop iWesvh,.^. II). Alai

Ibdrvfun ft» 1 dito Aiitrrinr bi iY+ third Muro

utr r-n». ihUU mij b* r*TlnoiU is pfsrng tic
iu*vi f Cl rn to tbf |-r -I of fV fcwnidii „ n <4 tlo
liiifrlfUt of 1\la In flip ]iri\nach* uf Sli«n*«P. aboot

n.r. liKi — J. A . A, K h. i. p. Ofl

w » It !• in Cbioctt SrA» tho ‘Tuor ilnr pr^ M wbirh
mmi itroiicrrt frmi tb* four rinliuAl |*a»u— North,
talk, Li«t, lid W«t.

20

TTIK INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

'JtSVaRt. I**'.

Tie king I bon went oof, and banding ou hi.
knee* thus iveuived tlio imperial doers*. nnJ
plaood ii on hi* bead (in token of rwpoot).

TIio Ciinwo envoy immediately nftce hi* ro-
tnm w«u to the palaco, and Li-i, under tho titlu
of Wei. welching, w.w ordered to rnrry to tlw
king of Mngadk* tho reply of tlw evporor.

Great ofloon went buroro him. out.ido Ilia
town, mnl tlo inhabitant* of till) capital nnd
tlio iipiglilx.ii nng town* Hooked out to we him,
and to born perfume. on hi* |>illi. 4 1 Ift d i t y a
come hiiuiwlf ul tho head of hi* mini.tom, and
received »h« imperial decrw with In* Burn lame-1
to tho out. Ho again pmunled laminar mien
(Aed.*), n perfume oallod tf-l.lu, and « Iron
cal In I jM.fi.dm" (inSun.krit AoifdiJrankt,— the
trim of knowledge, /If mi rohgiow).

In the twentieth year of tho Oft/eg. trend
period (Old), tlio ompcnir sent Wimg-hlwOD-lao,
under the title of You-wel-ao-h-clinnfHiHI," on
an omhuay to the kingdom of Magndhn, lie
aatooiated with hi in Tilnng.ihl.Jln." Uefhro lw
nrrirod King H 1 1 ft d i t y » died, mid hi. king-
dom fell Into n aUto of nnmvliy. One of
hi* minister* lUtmod N n-fo-ti-vln-n a aim n
(Nuto nanrpml the «n|irvmo |»>wrr,

and kenl anldieia to op|“»i 'Ynog-lllwondao.
At till* time M* aiiito BciwialcU only of a few
doaiu* of cuvulioN, ivbo itrugglod without
auccoa*. nnd wont all taken primmer*. Soon
after the usurper n**I viotonoa to mako otlior
kingdom* |my him tribute.

llinen-lio rv-olvod upon Action, nnd nilinnl
to nlonnontbo western frontier ofTn-fnn,
from which ho culled the noighhmring king-
donu lo arma." Tho king of Tn-fnn earn a

" IV *'Tf4i j-ff nr- prJ.iM, tmn>*rlnluin of
•hr aano of a t«« in 8»nikrlt, p*?lnp« dm -if*,* — I

Uft ntiitV »/ mI in nOireitn <'*f Mims**. uni of wttutli
nn Ucn »* uit/fi mu!.. in rititfcril P dry. St l ul .*mllrth*
•Hte ip Win follu«iti| ku*»** m

•t/Hinniry, vmlir Wm HlSflciff |SI “ yuM Ii IU» run**
nf * Ins nU. li |r ..*** in tho kiUfrioUl of Un it, hi

OfaianilliiV W. A. if. II v.A p. 4ti

•• Tl- Viiry*liitn«. 1 u jr*|i.*bn.rbi <tfrtk «*tt.| rtf*
Win tin* lit V* i*f iVti* ••t.-n-hi s»iri ^.ulir •..«r-»ii.r ,
• *»tk *tmb w* -leill «*p fittiur on om omf-rml on liiin
•Hw bf k*i «ongt«Ux] lii« tm«vh. Unfair t«u»t#4* ibr*
^ fc “ ***** ** r,,n> ‘

•» PA«lhirr, o. •. j*. I*

*• Tk« »olbrirHaU.p 4 round, kf II bo n-e uUrr-lor-l

.W;

with a tlnxisnnd Million, nnd the king nf Ne-
pal" Willi aovt-n tliouaand mention*. Iliiven-Uo
divided them into ocvonil Indira, nnd marched
Og*iNl llm to no of Tn- poll it. In," hIik.Ii he
took by storm nl tho cud ol Ihiw ilnyi*. lie l»
bonded tlirefl llionuind pooph'.nud ton llimumiul
more worodroniicl. Ad a-n a. all u u iilmiuloned
hi.* kingdom nmt Hod . then ho mlluteil Id* amt-
tiwwl tn.iip*. un-l alt-'mp*->l a fri'.li Uglit, l-itilu-
general Jin (nr T.inugahi-jin) took him Blivo,
ho nlio nipturol nnd UWled n tlamawnl men.
The nmmitm of tlm limtilo army oU-yrng the
onlem nf tlm ijlBieu, tried tn .top llto wny upon
the banka of tho river Kbionlo-wol (tiati-
dlnvra)" ; but TaUng.ahi jin gare them haitlo
nnd defentod them He took tho qncen nnd the
king'- son priannem, onplurod twelve Ihnnanml
men unit woman, and twenty llumaaiul laud of
cuttle, and anlalnotl flvO hundred and eighty
towns, Inrgn and onmll.

S Ii l.k I n ii.ni n (rirlkiimftn* 'f) king i.f caatnni
Ilidin, oral him thirty thmiantid o*cn nnd
Imrsna, nnd praviaiona for all Id* army; to
which Ini aided b.na, aeiinitars, nnd oellnm
of grunt value. Tin* king of Kin-mo l»"
g*vo him Minemwarllelei, ii m.p nlhisolBtm"
and oavcml itul II-<II« -• »*f lot' t-l hii .

1 li wiHi-Uetouk A . I n-n a-* h u n, and prosoaldl
hint «t the gals’ of the palooo. Tim mBglitrafc*
pnxiliuin»l tlio vl-Hory in tho nnceatml temple,
and tlm OiupOCir nil*c-l him to tho rank of
Ob'aOHinn-U fu (a *oit af aiilie muumllor).

Ho lud mot n magician named Nndo ini.|HMin.
mi! (N'ftrnileva**Amiu ?), who mini lie wn« tan
htindivd youiw old, nnd pretended that l-e |-i*.
•CHSud the art of piwcuring iminiirtulity. The

Ne|.u» : .... IV. a.v-«nl giV» b, Ifa4ma
m'liu . M Ul in IV tnuuliUoo bj M
Xoue. Ifi’t. 4. Ul. «. I. p. UO.

t* (took
lH»uat.

11 TVinmoof tbiitown, nliioli -l.n*l I pn.ie.miol
lliiiiV.il* If ia not fnnwl in any vtSw '’llm*' wufk.

PnulblM ira ti Tn-pa-he-te. 7V. (Ibi Hot «hamr*ei)
way I-* rfAtl cAn nr If il fcn msa rA.t. tin* pronunrk'
(hill Ilf IW f|**a'li in niu^inn CV*h |"i b WfdiU *•» aii
of CillHIMTAn, A **ilV Id A'm’I

Kim III IMiU, tlio tvt«*i«t» VimcJom Mia- Hu -tunl pn,.

* •••*!; tin* mHif*u« C’linprAe fa tfis IJtiiitj.x IucIm-v up limn
I'Aliist t * t'liAprA - Imt « r»riMvtn i am tin*

bU*ri«ttkfwr«»ofCHi**»ri**»K»r.t -7. A. s V. h,i
%1 The frulivari i*» r»ij:ctwl/al «n Um J • <1. II. «L m.
V.6X

M Ar*:tW •n*hnr wrtn* in tlm nir^ |4vo Kn pi-’.i
< Kapil o> Of. i.fi-i* While Iviil*

** Tlii« liT j>li»ui tVatt a»f KAini.r4m»
in IVid Sjiiilittl ittN(i|4ioi t* till *A N- .liiin?**!. And

vkb-h f*«mp4lbf Awtorn port »if Utc WumpImii >4 \ . . >*»
tbf fromtim <4 TbM^IUkV A l h whII r%^«>«pA>cy

by * 1 *». M >%u% i« bj «nrt f Bn 1 frt by U ; WiO kM llalilt iiu *
tiut tmtr*?ribf*l. It if worthy of remark tltit il in a
pctuifi! bw .»f tnt^ipti.io fwm Snmkrit Into <\im,
Ikt tho abort ■ ihonlil Uc tt prcf.aU.l tu Uiu Uluir bi t
j. a. s. a. *. f p. ra

ro.—

Jawahy. 1890-1

CHIN USE ACCOUNTS OP INDIA.

21

•impcrm"’ being attack«l by a mortal nrnSsdy
ordered him to prepare hi* marvellous remedy,
Thsui-tnu-li, chief minister of war, van onlcrcd
to protect anil watch over his emiuonro. who
would bo obliged to travel through all dio
empire to collect medicinal plant* of eitra*
ordinary virtue, uml very rare minemls, ■omo
of them even went into all tho kingdom of
•l*o Po-lo-men (Uruhmanii). AtoirJimj to Aim,
tho river culled Pan-dn-l a" Oowa out of a
■tone trough, and is guarded by men hewn out
of Mono. It lias wren kinds of -Mors; some
are hot and atliors cold i the former diwtolvo
mpldly plants, herbs anil metaln. If any one
plunges his l*ml Inin It, lie llrnls it cooked
and dissolved tho -nmo moment. This water
is drawn with the skull of a camel, and pound
into a calabash,

" There Is it tree called hi -hula, the lenvea of
which resemble tlioao of the li (a kind of ebony) :
it grows on tho ragged sides of a porpeudi.
• ntaHy sliB|w-l mountain, Iheapproaoh to which
••guarded by saerpent hidden in aeuve, Tlmtw
who wish to obtain the lenves, knock tliem
down by .hooting arrows with four cornered
point, against ths brsnehew, but they arc scon
earned oil' by the birds, they shoot more arrow
and at le-l obtain the leaves,” Such were ilia
•shies which this quack iinrralrd. lint at lusl,
hi* msginal sriencu Imvlng remained incfTuatiinl,
llin ouipomr permitted him to return ; hat heforo
he had thill lore! oat be died at C hang 'a a.”

While llio Ktnprror K nod song, (who mount-
ed tho throne in 050 s.n.) was reigning. La-

•• TsoUunc, wli# reigned frc.i,. mate MB.
tf M. I.

#l TMi * * wy WiuwrtHio® Cm I'm am «tm|
V I’siJM. On • D«M mien,’ nr 'lw rlmsT II,.
hril fWka*>l*,ti). He. list »IUl,|r la , |l,- t'blai.e
•■•’""’t' Hie > e r. I.il l.llyll.' •yllnl.ln .IS,

Iflftavovti |Hv

• •

.tfr t*

IVUtllsMItlf I

**tf ofv#u Uifii iiw ftir IWtriWr. J.A.tt.H,

ia TWC, * ,,ia " fClmu 41 lUl fcitMic, « •*
° r UjMtild. t.r f.ilt.vwor *1 IVu itWutinl

•WU»m Uf ,A.k«,pfcv foftU&s I h, UllrtrrrSltl. rhHlnl

- .I**/? Mr * IfMtff ♦ * tli< i'rill.tMsi L V

•if fto Wodtuy Th. A*, »(,!* fllfIM Ct.Usartim
ua in Mtmakrit * nprt**iUd tft Olilmm by tiio clur-
w iii likr mitmrr tofom l*|>Ht # U «0 fctrl
u»«.i lu Chi*~0.-J A S. if V f p 71

•rt XfT* 10 k i \ u * uf * in ,h * *** > rt *• • »» f<*
f.l - KMn.ao* Or—>. IWh U«r. w^svr. *»,. it *M
aU> <i!IM Xiwid ju.ua), wbm. «mi imv^n. Aa-

iTdiinra.p. ft* ®.

bu\\* kv‘i *J jmr {*7 a. M-

I Vtilluir w. t. j». AO.

•**» W(n~»u. in «t .144 Mo npo?#.l»«. I 1.217,

iiili'r'4 Afario rrvl fsV'y 4tMt< iiiii ,* 4ffT Hu.
7-v-tAi * irtal (rtlU.f 1 1|». An'titcsl it thu

• l»j w bit It tlif* CUiocw OcugUAtv ibi AnU. '11 m

k ia-y-i o** (UkAdUvn), a native of U-ta,
oUainc«l an interview with him by aid of hii
( prctMidc*.l} Unowkxlgtt of nu^ic. Ho rrwivfd
Uic title of HuAi*lioa*(ti.t-iiaDX-kiun.

In tho third year* 4 of tJie Kf*Un~(o\iy period
(IW8 a. n.) t tho kin^i of tho five liuliuu all cunm
t*> do lwnmgo to tho omperor.

In tlx* A’Aoi yiu*« period (7i:i 711) nmb<M-
Hi»di«n oamo throo time* fiom Contra! Iudia,
anil ooco an onvoy OMM from Southern India.
They brought, n bird which oould speak, and
whiHo pi ii ms go was of tiro cnlonrs. They
iuki.| troop* to punish ll» I'm h i M (the Ti'ivl
— Arul*)*’ and tho T u-fan (ThiibWans), mil
desired tho niprior to give thoir army an
honnrsry name. Iliwcn-umg pus».| a droroe,
ill whil'ii lie gave it live name II mi i-to-k i u n
(live army which ohsrlshca virtuo).

'• Koreigieon," tho amlauudor said, " think
t Horn selves honoarud only wlisn they receive a
rlisik nn>l s giello) upon wlik-h lln emperor
undo him a present of a hrooadod olmk, s
leathern ginlle iinriohc-l willi gild, s ssiohsl
onmmeuted w ith fishes," and seven oilier vnlu-
shin articles.

Tho king of Northern India camo aaoo to do
homiigo to the emporor,

Towards tho end of tho K hum. yum j-criod
(0)W 070), China ha vfng lost Iha country of H o-
long, tin- kings „f ludin c-.n-ml fnmi (lint time
to coma in eom*. In Ilia third yoar of tho
A'lessyrioN |ieiiid {9M t.U.) siitcuii Samnneans
from Western India, Hn-man-lo (A’aensfa) and
others, brought sauio very line hortes as tribute.

,i i -i - •‘• w "" this sbwsre

■ I l.il.u, >>••#/, nit ...li, mi a (Ml talker),, mm>I)
bMIcl. tul -IiiiS Iim b,«-i -.-,,1.1 l,v t«u AlSt-Us
salt, « Atimtln „„4 At.. | ),Ja rl„. ia.aMai «f

Ii,l" »l tt... Ar.li. jl «l,„ tecmbia uf tho stshlh -r.i,,,,.
Unli.„.ru-tHe. Ks.irn. .*>i i lie f„r rur, Is l,i. Hue.,.

Imlui br ut'alua.1

11.. ' ; I„iiutr»<. *-b*>l,| the Ml. -I lliidiwl. r.w lulde to

11.. nr, I Is, .III, .in, reuiil.bol Uw. s.,W ter.

r,n;„l pot lion L. •• Tt^ olla,, |„ |.t. M«,|.
Am.mU lr.i„I.I.J I,, ll.uk, » MnUmaMd Isa

1.. ..*. ,r,,«T.n In. I » « H„| D* fort,.*, „ ,

I can™ ill amtllic r«.1 o»i~nutj lb. .

•e-l . it i» tstofi froir the HUUr, IA. -t (».

A <S *1 ,//. tru<.ta,l fmo7.t.„ -tSea), fa. .

Jjei«Us*s at -bi.* — .-u i.ihtl, 1 0 , M

1 >H sno" ymr sr (*.r> pin itugasd. *m„imi^|

1.) Ilrf d.'.al uf t>V»IHII l,„l b.,| irlmil ll»

eceotiy ul tin Huilsii,,, . by HivtikKitt,

iw', itt w or lli*' nafinir (Vi», IV MortlmiM
ftsyid lltit I key nw«tl IVm imp Hunt s» t<ify lo lb#
p*AcfiiuU<4 U«d.' r. .1 X ||. VI. p. 71
On t\t Ta*<lil, iv Hr .U.ltmitl.r, V* tA#

K *»'" 2 i .ImJirsf I'Wnrrr t/ the Ante,, iv,

Hibm r. L)»»dc« 1S7I>.— Ko.

- \Vo ms in i\* Ttunu »«uk IWiI IhaalANvcN
•mulirnti uf jilc, ii/l •-•otlim## cirrrsj iu ur
•Utur.

Till: INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

r .Jixv.un, latv

8*

In tho third year of the Khnn-fc pcriol of tho
Songi(tHJo a. «•.) T ao-y u e it, a Rmtdhwt monk
of Thu ng-c )i o ii, returned from the 8 i v u
(Wettcra count rhw). Having obtained a portion
of tho * A i-fi i.Sxrfri) orixlieuof Huddhu, namely,
II VHW of rock cryatul and forty Lumlk* *>f
Indian bcok* written on jhiIiii Iwavw, l>o caiuo
to oltVir them in humngv to tlni emperor.

T ao-y it v II I tad gone to vbit tlm Si-jrii in the
Thu**/ a period • 17 t.n.), and had travelled (hr
twelve ycurv. H« luid rtwidod for hix year* m
the live luduu). liy live live India* Tliicu-oliu
in nirauL On bin way U*ck hn puard through
Y &-tkion*’ (Khotuu), und arrived nt tl,o
Minn It nvo iu tho andu*»ndoro (of tlm oni|N)ror).
T hai-ta n called him to tho juliux* find quo*.

1 1 min! Min on tho otndoma, mountain*, river*
and it incut rj of thn uonntrini 111 rough whirli
ho had travelled. To all ol tlxwo queationa lio
gttVO IUIIWOW.

Iii tho fourth year of tin IMiJM-f* period (000
a. t».) the monk 11 1 n g*k i n, followed by lifly-
*ix companion*, cam* to tlm gate of the palace,
nml tohl tlm muparor that lie wriMI to goto t bn
Kl-yn (thn Wintorii oouiitrtc#) to obtain »omu
lliddhlit book*. Ill* ivsjiK'^C wiih granted

Tlmy tiuvrlh'd through flx» dMrirt* of Kliuiv
chi'll, 81m chou, I dim, Su-cli.o, etc. tlm king.
iUiuih of Ven k i (now Kliunubar). 1C ftou-tac
(Kuoh«)/ u Y n th l a n(Khotan), K Mo(Koloin),
tie. They |xi*acd ulm through the kingdom*
of Pad Mil a (ParuMlmpara, now PiVdriwur),
K i a*lt im id o (Kmdmiir), do. and all tlio
I’rinm putted deorvoa and touted older* to
thr inhabitant* to ho cartful to guide nml eon-
duel them.

After Uio period (M 3 — Wu)

AOioml 11 Indian monk* arrived without iimkwtn*
txm, bringing with them llathlhUt watiUHmpiti
to give to tlio emperor.

In the winter of the eighth rrnr (070),
Y a n ir-k i tsk h ii u gd o (other* rrnd Yang-kies
ahuo-lo. Afigknarar* ?), aoii of the king of
Kartell) India, dime to jmy trihnto und do
homage to the emperor.

According to the laws of India, when a king
dn«. he ia rocooodod by bit rkUetflon (KuinAra-
r*ja) ; the other son* leave the family and
embrace n religious life, and they are no longer
allowed to iv aide in their native kingdom,

M llu fin, Itn^dniMiIcT, *f. »mi. p. Ijl f — ki».

* Bwtttkiwiitff, M t p. 1C). •

Tie king of Katie ru India hud ii Min cullw»
M a n-c h ii-* Ii id i (Munjirirl), tvhu arrival
at tlm oxpitnl ill tlio tram of aomc ('liiucrc
monk*. Thaitaong (who mounted tin
•hrowo in *.»7G) otderod him to bo lodged in thi
8iung.kiid.hao ajiivcnt. He obtwrvcd ngnl Is
tlio HaddhUt prooopl*, and won tlm cut win and
admiration of tlm inliabitanU of tlio cnpital.
Tlm mnporor having loaded him with nohm
Alid favoaro, nil thn monk* inviol and hated
him, and an ho d>d uni uiidcratand the Cliincao
language, tiny llibrirnf«^l n fltUo potitiim, in
whiuh they n pn >n»h>l him hh link ng |a*riuia-
aiiiu to go lurk to hi* own country. Tin
enijM ror grautod him perm iaa ion.

When the docroo wax jximinI. M a n«o h «.
a h id i (MuftjuirS) wiu ut lii>t llllnd with atapur
nml indignation. Tho monk* told him tint
thndccrco wiu irrcvukahlo. Aflrrhuniotnontlii.
ho went twny, nuinuiiming that In wna going
to tUu casU of tlm Houthcrn 8un on Urn id
n mevehuut vt uch It wan nuvri known to wlinl
country lie went,

In thn aeventli year of the T^^-pYny-Ainy*
1 *^ 8 *! (.•Htl t. !>.), K n a n g y fi e n. u nir.nk
of l.rlnii, went in India, und on Id* nlnrn
brought the i iupi i'ur a Idler friun ihr king o|
that country wIiomc iiuuki wiu Moai-nang
Tho rmjHtror ordered 8 h i h n (IHoapUa?),
mi Imlimt monk, to tmtiNlnto it Into Cliincwc.
Tho folhiwing i- the lettcn— M Ijtbily I have
harned tlmt tlmro i* in the kingtloai of Chum
n king it* gimt a* ho i* enlightetuiil, imrhvtly
holy, |wrfectly inlelligmit, und wlto by hia
ninjivdy ami |aiwor ivlgn* aupreme. Kvnry
day I think with 4 MMihi*Nilt of my Uil fortune,
1111*1 Intuit it tlrnt I ntnim! go III I— mitii I I |Kiy
Ixmmgn u. you. From alkr I look nllimim>.
ntdy towatda die capital of China and u Uh your
holy penmn ton tliouannd felloitlea.

“On the arrival of Killing.) hen, I hud tho
honour to receive u My afattltdlo etirivlmd with
diamond*, ivpreaenting hukyanmni (mmiIihI in
the attitude nf felicity aild •livine eutin, I
clothed niyaelf in lYa-vAo, ami uxtde oflering* to
him.

* f hum lily iImuto that t lio augnnt omperor nf
Chinn nmy obtain |K'tfcCl felicity and under-
standing, that Ik) may enjoy long life in onlrt
tn guide every creature to hnppinm, and that

H IVutkiiv •>*. * MUc'f-a.t. P ^

1 .VI.IU, 1830 .]

CHINESE ACCOUNTS OF INDIA

23

lio may unable all thoao who are cipoexl to
ihipwret'k, to nail <ivor tlm immense HO* of lire
and death. Now I buvoOntriuiied Kimiig-yiicu
with oomo ruliix of sUkynmuni. Dial Ite may
|ira‘ 0 nt to yoor majesty on my behalf."

8 h i-h n (UonfipUa ?) (.Is; tramlnUd u lettor
from 111# monk* oF India in n body which in
it* style and (bought* rewrabkd that of king
MoHti-nnng.

Aooording to tho Samnnoan Shi-hn
( IK.nnp.U “) - the kingdom of U-l i o n-n a u g
(Udylna)" belong# to Nor thorn India. Aftor
tnrlvn day*' travelling in a westerly ilircctiou,
ono arrive# at Ih# kingdom of K It i a n-t h od o
(Oniidhlra) | at ilia eud of oilier twolvo iUy«
journoying in tlio aamo direction ono come* to
llto kmgilom of N a n gg od o-k i al o (Nag*.
tnltAra) i after Journeying ton day# more. *till
In llto aamo direction, lint kingdom of I.an-po
(Iitnpa, ImmghAn)" U rraohed, at the end of
Other ten day#, itill trarnlling toward* the W#*t,
ono arrlvo* at llto kingdom of 0 o-j a- n a n g"
(Onjann) i continuing Iho Journey toward* tho
wott tho kingdom ol Po-aao (IWn, IW)
i* al hut rraobod i lltouc# ono out *ct nail on
the wretorn aea.

•'The Jnnrney from Northern to Central
Imh* oOOttpini a hundred and twenty day*.

“ From (Vnlral India trarnlling toward# the
went, nftur three holla A-la-tveT (f) i. reached |
and if llto journey I* continued in the anno
direction for twelve day# more, one romea" to
K B-ro-n l-k I fl-J e (tho second *yll*bk» i# not
ir«|ulrod— Knnyuknbjn. Kan#«g)| at the cod
of other twelvo day#' travelling one arrive* at
tho kingdom of XI a-l a-w e I ; afUc a journey
of.twelve dayB more, alill in a westerly direc-
tion, ono rruehc* thp kingdom ofUjon-ni"
(Ujjnynni) | if ono coni muc- journey ing in lit#
same direction for tircuty-tivo day* more ll*o
kingdom of I; o-l o (laimf) in nrrivid at, and
after otlwr forty day* one come# to Urn king-
dom of 8 u-1 a-ta (Surishtra).

“From SunkMra to tho Wretorn Sea ia a
journey of cloven dnyo.

'• h till. |.i»;no. which ■. mi ntract trow tbe Son#
llu-twan-liu In. miHtol t#*ou4kree word*, of
which the foU?rriu£ u lb. iwsidug i— ' Vie arm* *t die

" It generally takes throe month# to travel
from Central to Southern India; thenoe after
journeying eighty-six ilsy* toward* the west
one arrive* at the kingdom of K o n gk i a - r a
{ Kookni.inpurn)," from which another day’# tiu-
rolling ia tlio sumo direction brings one to
iho bco.

" If aue net# out from Southern India, and
travel* in a southerly direction, ho will roach
llm uutheru sen al the end of six month*."

Such were the itinerario* which tho monk
8 h i h it (Dimipiik F) undo known."

In the eighth year f.'KJ * u .) u monk railed
Faya, wltn had gone to India to unireli for
llmldliiil book*, ariivoil on hi* way back to
China at tin kingdom of 8 a n-f o-t»i (part of
Sumatra), where lio im* *n Indian monk oalltd
XI ul m»lo-oh i-li(M1iaar#drif), , 'whoaft«ra
short, interview naked him to lake ehnrg* of a
letter in which bo expressed a doairo to go to the
kingdom of China to oiplnin tho •acred book*.

Tim onpiror piUKcd a friendly dooree tailing
him to till capital.

V a-y u ut hitnwir lo bog, and enured a dai*
to be modo ornamented with dragon# and ■
Ha ika (a kind of rsliglou# draa*. from th«
Hiuiakrit word Imikift, brown).

Being drains# of retura.ag to India lie raked
imperial UU-reofrvenmmMfctiMl to tho foreign
prince# who-' dominion* ho would have to
travel through, lio prvscnUd them lo tlso king
of Ban-fo-tal (Snniutrn) ; whenvo ho tamo
after a lung royogo to Ih" I’rinco of A-ku-la
and K ie m’atg (Kiraaf 1 ). (toward of cavalry,
chief of tho kingdom# of K o-l a n and T a a it-
tnd o (Chandra) and king of Western India,
wboae ton Xlutho-sien (MudkAstBo?) gar# hint
on hi# departure letter* of recant meiuhitlou,

In the lVuy-Ai period (084—088 *.t>.) Thao-
linn, a monk from W c i-chefi, returning from the
8 i-y u (Ibo western coanlrie#), with n foreign
monk named Mi-tan-lo (Mitra), hrought letter*
from tho king of Northern India and No- Ian-
tho (Nalanda). who aal on a throne ornamontod
with diamond# (FiyVAnvoni).

krneiim ol We Lana it a or Mo-stag-la (««< U
often rati ton tor «* i IVc tune spltim would *l«e tin
■ml liuu.m*). After .topi torsidl tt*

W4l <raa» hrnu* (ot Km*> akul -j»l.

*• Ttatf* b a wkauku in 0 i» Uf»», w« r*«d r\uit

"""vulto H. r. p anti Him. t. II. pi- m *“>•-*>•

" I'mtlilcr. n. *. p. J

" Ibwlrt Uwe-.unlnl nwcMl* Vim.hlel.-Eu.

24

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[Jaxi'ari, l&d.

A Brahman called Yongdii nod a heretical
sectarian IVotn Pcroia called A-li-i n olio arrived
At the capital. Yotig-shi announced Unit lu*
native kingdom was called Li-te, anil chat the
king'* umbo ww Y a-1 o-ti-tA ; and hi* •nrnamo
A j t*n i.fo . lie was clothed in yellow, and won
* golden hunldniie ornamented with tlxi aevim
pfOdoUM thing*.** When lit* went out Ho mount-
ed au eh’pUnt, nr wo* homo in a palanquin.
Kh vrtuino w »• preccdixl by mmiiciane who
*tng iiH'tohou^ ioo}> niconi|Miiuil by tin* antind
i)( Oooch ►lielU nail oytnlmU. Ho ofioii vented
the BaddhWt convent*, nnd distrdeatol atmud.
ant alme to the poor The queen’* mmo was
Mo hivni (Mnlmui t)\ nImi wore a robe of rod
taffeta* enriched with thin phitaa of cliMod
gold. She only went out onco a year, whim *lu»
iltalrilmted gonenma gift* tor the relief of the
unfortunate. If any one luv.l an ant of injnatioo
nr tyiunny to complain of. In' waited till the
king or queen went out to walk [ lie then
followed them, and laid oj«n hi* grievance*.
There were four minlator* of juaUoo who direct*' l
the ad mi nUtration of the kingdom, and drekUd
all a Hair *.

The different kind* of grain, the domestic
animat* and the diitcivnt k«i* t» of fniir wok*
tlinrnno an in (’lilun. In the HMtkoU and lor
all cominoteial temtuAcUomi tliay made use of
cupper ooin*.

The fooe and the* back of theae coin* woto
disUngnuhod na in Chirm hy different inscrip-
tion* or ornament*) they we re round and of the
**mo diameter a* iIwm* of China) hot tho
ten t ihi win full and not pierced by a hulo for
thr pnrpan of stringing them on a ronl.

After *ix month*' travelling in mi caidcrly
direction from thU kingdom one comm to the
kingdom of the Ta t hi (Ta/.i. AmU); two
month® altar to 8 ho It oil (Tnrfhtt, country of
the Ulgttra) ; and three month* after that to
H i n*o h u iV

Adi* in added tlwl the king of hi* imtivo
coant ry had taken tho title of lied (which
imwna ‘ clothed iti black* *') ; hi* family name
wa* Chang, and hi* larnamo Li-lkmo. He WOW

" W*mi4wi H taHkitetM). rUU; 2iJ Alter*
*7* 1rd ' hpOdl <1 Iq.o Ut.fi:
41k. P!u.l*(AjA«pHliwk try » t jl . ML. NHm.takv.ln.
t., * rtA i), f m r l H I Otti. Mn-t>k st-li. Ilir njst.*

7Ui, IV w .Kk-.n i P-.f * im-.jo), tLi nil; (Cf. M •<**><•).
>•««. lM..k its. Irt H|.

11 ThU isjowica refers to the Attfail* Ktalifi. Yko

clothing of hrnmded silk of dilfctmt colour*.
Hvcry time that lie went out to walk or hunt bo
wu* aliment two or three day*) ho took a wltulu
day to return. The ndminiidratioti of puhlio
allairs won entreated to nine person* of the
liigli<:t rank.

The inlinbifaaU do not nmko unu of ooin* in
tlirlr (xminurcial transaction* j Ihcro arc many
different article* which tlioy exolungo for
good a.

Six immlh.' I moiling in on ICxiterly direction
IHnn till* conn fry, Iwiug* olio to tho kingdom
of the Hmlimnti* (India).**

In the Neootid ycur of tho C f A «./*». period
(W<1 A. »* ) an Indian monk came to China on
board a inondmnt VCUtM. Fie brought a bell
Ui tho emperor, a clapper (of a hell) orna-
inented with little hells, a little roppar Ik)II, ii
at ut nolle of Ifnildlia, and a aamd Imk written
mi palm htttvH I In did nut under-land the
Chimmt liingimge

In tho ihinl and fuitHli year* of the TAiVu.
aA/ujf period (luH*i IM.V. a. t.) -omo Indian
m.mlcanf Wfulcrti Ind»x, * A i hi e no h i (which
menu* living I ho knowledge which win. men
|owa*. I*rnhliiyfiihui|»n t vn |. Si ndi u f #, # pm-
Ux’ter «•’ tlu liiilh, I'* •nu\ii|uili v ), (in I other*
enmo to pruHiit llmhlhiat hook* wntten on
| mini l«i yen. Tho rmporor garo naolt of them
n riolot dimk of a wjaaro ahape, nnd a rich
girdle.

In the nocotid month nl i.-i fllllt year (1027),
five monk*, natiudy : KaA . o-t a i a it g (which
tmnun liappinom <»f the l«w, DhamUri y), ami

- og In i hr ontj . ror IfnddliM

liiBok* i lie gave Hu ll i>r tlieiti a violet tniinlle of
a aquaro alicipe.

In the And month of tho Ulird ytur of lliu
Kinff'gt** pariod ,# (1034 *. n ), nine monk*,
namely » S hen.ching (f.r, ho who ha* a good
n putatiotl, Suyaiaah), tin., eaine to give tho
emperor *wno lladdlii^t Imok* nnd relic* nl*
Iluddha, nnd al*o a I It tie* Maine of T o n g y n«
p u«* u (i.fl. Ih».lliiM i(tvii with copper teeth,
TuunnduntalKidliwiUAnH). Tho tnn|«en>r gnro
them pieoca of silk.**

Ktahf vko mieiwd k* lVrMi.ilH.nl H ^vri WM A.n.l

vuiaTlioy UHah>(»c* //* rt »U hv*<r«>, »r*).

M r\*utLkr. u. p|i. 7U-H3.

11 I'wlWr *i%v* 1050 a.u. - EV. p.

M k\iithkf'* awuiit ttuiMM Ouub «u *.li. 11)0

JtaitBT, 18ft!.]

TITR ITARTAMAI.AKA. •

25

THK HASTAMALAKA.

«y I'ROV. f. B. COWKU, M.A. CAM tilt tTMlB.

Tho poem, of which I pro tho tut and
translation brlow, U one which is very wall
known in India, bat has never bees prilled
in Europe. Moat educated native know it by
henrt, and it i« nnivoonlly considered m one «if
Iho b.*t aumtnarim ol tin Vodinta dootrilMe.
lt» authorship in uncertain j but there are I no
rnmmentnrioa upon it, curb of which curiously
enough ii nacrilied to Sankara A o It A r y a,
tho cakibratod Vadantiat teacher of the eighth ir
ninth century. Dr. Hall in hit «.W/oyra/iAirel
Mr* uwribio the poem to lla-tAmnlnkn, Tbn
twelfth Htanin ia i|qototl in tho 1’, d.iu/.i ioim
( the only i|qotatloQ wltioli I havo not toad from
the work), and llnitdnwlalm i« inentionrd n>
tho author in tho V'iduw.muu'-rtiy'u.l ('omuien*
lary on the IVMita .d.,. by lUroatIrtha.yitl.
HaattmalnVa i» celebrated aaonoof think.ru’s
earliest direiplrei and ho U afterwards sail
to have founded a modified form of VedAnlwm
rooogni*ing Vishnu nn the supremo llr.ihma.
It ia predaihln, however, that tho lilld of (l«o
poom lisa no refcrenc* to any author, a* Ante'.
*« alaka may (imply moan ‘ a my retain n in live
hand,’ and tho. Im uaod metaphorically to signify
something very plain and obvimm, u the round
fruit on l tie open |«lm. The phrase i- lima mini

in the VajmiucM f r /uiniiAad (Weber's od.
p 21.1, 10), whwo tlio trno flrAhman ia described
an tho 'contented titan, free from desires and
passion*, wbo sow arciylhlng a* viiildy before
him ana myrolulnn an the palm of hi* hand'
(fcarottf&suUAttiis ira)' | and thin ia the inter,
predation which one of my IVtnJili in Calcutta
giro to thr tilln.

The ultimate identity of the individual and
the anprrmo nottl in the givnt tenet of the
Vwdinta. 'Thill art thou* (tut /•mu mi) in the
ll«t I can on of til* neophyte, lilld the Inst vision
of the perfected myntlc. The one traptvmo real
nlouo e*i»U; all tho acpnrato omaciommiSM
of individuals arc but tint reflection of tlio One
aottl on tlvo multitudinous * internal orgnna'
which are tho creation of ' ignorance' or ill union.
To reach reality we must strip off Iho saoccnive

1 Of. nlio VjiiiM-tihikltlO, (.tiMM. mi *U»Hpi .tatei,

veils— tho waking world firat (where the sonl
is disguised by the gross effect-) anti the world
of dreams neat (whero it is disguised by tho
subtle effect.), till we resell that cf sound sleep.
Here for tho time tlio individiaal .mil does attain
its real nature, but its ithorent delusion remains
latent, and instill capable of being called o.l
into u Muddy. Only tlio knowledge of the high.
<••1 truth, »■ taught ia live VuHiitu, can abolish
igttoraaoe,and »o deatrey |» iwmality in it* germ '

The soul', real nature, nn identical with lira*.-
inn, is always described as 1 oiuoniially eiutoM,
iatolligenee, and joy* \ but though ileflnod ns
t-umitislly intolligcnce, tlua intelligcnoo is not
«ten*i*rd on any object, as all objects, aa well as
tlvo internal organ or 'mind' which eognisre
transient perceptions are produced by' Ignorance'
and therefore unreal. There in a striking vor*e
of Mill V ./u-.Jii.A/.i' r—

•• As would b» the pare nature of light if all
that m illumined by it, aa s|*cn, earth, and ether,
were annihilated, such is the lonnlinoia of tlio
pnre.eiaenoml •peetutor (real), wltrei all olijecta,
U I. thou, and tlio throo worlds, havo pawl
into nonoiitteioo”

" Ka.ivaut ai(» Vasya kuto *»i gnntl
Virli nAnift to tuili kata Ag.ito 'si |
rtsdvndn t vatli mama aupraaliltlluth
ntatprXajo pHtivirerdbanu ’ai" || I |

Nahatli tnanushyo na elm devnisktdvo
tin brdhmanakahatrlyarallyUfldrab |
an brnh maohar! na grihl vanaalho
liLilsbur na cb.'ibath nijabodhnrdptd» (| 2 |
Nimitlam nmnaAohakshunMIpravptUni
lliraatdkhilupuilllir uk.UarAptih |
rnvir ioUnchr.Uunitnlttath yalhA yah
aa nityopalabdhiivarApo 'IwmAlml | 3 |

Yam ngnyu-htarannityabodliMrarOpoth
mannachaksliuiAdloy abodhiUmakAni |
pintarlanla Airily a nishknmpsra ekath
•a tiityojmlibdbisvnrfipo 'hamitral ) 4 |
Mukltlhblnako dnrpspe didyumi.no
mukhstvAt. pfilliuVUena naivAsti vnstu |
chidAbhAsako dliishn jlro 'pi tadvnl
*n nityo|»ilubdVi«vnr!pa TiamatraA 5 ||

r.i fArnii wreJoftar, » bn ra«

+“*V» '"lurw

* Ouital ia VUalai-litiittfca's Cfnm. .« MisM}fl

ffttw, w

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY

[Ji.tMiir, 1 891.

Yutlu datpaa&bhAra AbhioahAiutu
makhodi vidyW® kalpacAbloam tiara |
lathi dhlfijcgo nirublininko vuli
m nityopalabdliiscarflpo 'hamitmi i fi H
M.naichukahuriidrr vinraktftb avayaih yo
maouAohakdiurldor mana.olmk.lumulib |
a.an»«oliuk»hiiiild«w agamyusvarflpoh
•n nityopolabdliUvardpo 'liaraAf ml || 7 |

Y« eko vibhiiti ivnt-.li «nddlmohc4.i|»*
pr»k«A»ovarApo 'pi itinera dhbhu |
AiulTodalmlW yatili blninsr okub
tu uitjv'|uluUlUiivnrilpo 'hamitmA || 8 J
YBthim*kurhakHhtilypmkiio mrir no
kramopa prokttlkaroti prakaiyam |
aneki dhiyo yn. ttlhalkapiubodhab
w nilyo|«»h»bdhi»rarAp<i 'liataAWni | 0 H
Vivaavatprahhitaifc ymtM rflpam akahaib
pragrlhpitJ nlbltilam oraih vivaavAn |
lathi hliita AbhAatyatyak.ham club
•a nityopalabdliiswApO 'hnunltmA || 10 ||

Yathn turya rko 'p.V aaelutohaUsu
atlunUv apyi.nanvagvibliuvyiunarfli.il,* |

Chilian prabbiani.il dht.hvcka aviuh
aa nllyopalahdbfairarflpo 'hamltral II ||
Ohanaohchhaanadfi.htir gliunaohohhuanam ar-

lath

yaibi ni.liprabliain miuiyato diAtlrnnifMi |
•nil! Luddlmvad bliAli yo imi JImdp-liU b
au uityopobUlliiatarApo ’baiuAUnA || 19 Q
aamaalcahu .aalucbv annsyfltamekaiti
aainaalAm raalflni yuih na ipfilanli |
v.yadvil aadA Auddhnm aohol.haavarApnth
aa nilyopalululliiavariipi) 'hamitmi! || ill J
UpAdban yalkt blndati inniittQliiiiih
lathi bbrdalA build liibbcdmlm In ‘pi |
yalbi cbandrakinaih jato rlmtiehaUtvaih
Ullii ohatichulatvnm laviplbu Vi.hpo || 14 ||

1. * Who art Ibou, ray child, and whoa#, and
wbithcr gcc.t Ibou ? What w Uiy name, and
whwie* art Ikon oomof Tull mo nil thi» rlmrly
to gladden we, — Ibou fi llet icy boart with glod-

aan.'

2. ‘ I nm n<4 a man nor a gad nor a demi-
god. no UrAhmon, KahatHyn, Vsi.yn, norfiftdm;
no atudent, nor householder, nor nnehorite,
nor religion, mendiennt j innate Kuon ledge
am I-

3. * Thai w hicb is tho conse of Iho action nf
mind, eye. and the rest, na tho nan is the caiuc

• I 0 LibT MS Mil. rlUAiKiiMi.

• aaaaM l -a jtMa S. Com.

• TO* MS. Cum. UK. it JilUrrollj — “tlul .tick

UiiflitMU uM. .u.liMgwUw mill iwiutuL, .Uruil tov*

of Hie movement* of living beings, but whiob
iUolfia void of all conditioning di.guuee, like
the initiate ether,— that Soul, rtetmUally otcn,al
perception, tun I.

4. ’That which being itaolf one, onchange-
able, and essentially eternal knowledge (as firo
is essentially beat), ia the auUtrotum which
town, »• Ibey act, the mind, eye, nnd tho mat,
whieh are more Ignorance*,— that Soul, oomsi-
tially eternal perception, am I.

6. • The reflection of tho face seen in the
minor i* nothing in ilwlf na separated from tho
fare, no ia tbe perianal aoul in itaelf nothing,
til# reflection of Intelligence on tho internal
organ, that Sou), uwutially eternal peroep-
lion, am I.

(I. ' Aa the reflection vanishes when Iho
mirror i. not, nnd iho faeo remains alone, npurt
from all delo.ion, ao that Soul which minima
without a reflection when thn unduraUmling is
not, -that Soul, oasun tially eternal perception,
am I.

7. * That which abiding aloof from mind,
oyi\ and tlio resit >" iti»Hlf mind, eye, and tho
nuit to mind, rye. nnd tho real, nnd whoem
imturo mind, eyo, nnd the rent ennnot reach,
Unit Smil, r.Kniially Btcnnil |» ieoplmn, am I.

8. 1 That w bioli, being one. shines forth arlf-
nmnifostod, possoming pure intelligence, and
ilanlf enwntial light, and which yot appear* aa
though variously modified in varioua intnnml
orgnna, aa tho one aun .bines reflected in the
water of different ream la— that Soul, raaonUally
otornnl percept ion, nm 1.

!» ' Ae tho aun, illumining rmintlcaa eyes,
illumino.nl tlso who moment tho object to cadi,
ao that Soul, the ono intelligence, which illu-
mines countless internal organ.,— (but Soul,
essentially ctm.nl perception, am I,

10. ' Ae tho bodily actwo illumined by tho
eun grasp, the form at tbn object, but when
unilluniiaod grasps it not, so /A, if by which tlio
ouo sou maat be itself illumined to illumine tlio
■ente, — that Soul, ceaculially ctcnml percep-
tion, am I.

11. 'A* the one nun .coins ninny in tho
agitated wnteir, nnd even when reflected in
.till water, must bo yet recognised na rcnlly
separate, w> that which, though rcnlly on,-,

w*" « the lutar.tum wlii-li bun IK, vl, i|„ mind,
•ail it#* nr*, ^ litii orv mni irr»o»nn*. ih tin* Mrv u

U4ii m *]i^™ liuu 11441 Uu>f * ^

J.uotit. lftflO.]

TUB HASTAMALAKA.

27

seems many in the reatkw internal organs,—
that Soul, essentially eternal perception, am 1,
12. 'As ho whoeo eyo is covered with a
cloud think* in lias delusion that tho win i»
clouded and ha* loot it" light, so that soul which
seems bound to him whose inind'* eyci* blind,—
that Soul, essentially eternal perception, am I.

13 'Thut which being in itself one, i* strung
through all things and with which nothing
ever yet comes iu contact, aud which, like tho
oilier, is always pure mill nnoonUminated' in
iU nature,— that Soul, e-cntially eternal poroep.
lion, am I.

I I. 1 A* the pure crystals appear diflorent
by tl»« presaneo of a iliogniser,' *■> thou too np-
l-mrint different by the diversity of individual
minds ; as tho luoonlnmms appear to Im iromul.
ous In tho water, so then too, O Vishnu, appear-
esl to flicker in our world 1'

Of tho two different oommontaricu on the
Hutdmalaka. a*crilml to Sankara AaMryo.
one *m printed at the end of the Calcutta
odition of the I’aisfaia-sifni, in 1853; thorn is a
MS. of tho other in the India Oflloo Library,
belonging to tho OaikwAiJ collection, and copied
Kam vat 1603 (i,D. IWO). Both profres toolaim
Sankara Anhirya a* their antlior, tnt
both, especially tho Intlcr, am far too diflW to
vindicate thilr claim to have been written by
the greatest philosofihical author that India
Im* pmdnoed. A» a specimen of tach I sub-
join the introductory passage, in which each
profiwHco to explain Iho origin and object of
tho poom, Neither gloM comment* on the
flret two stansas, a* found in our premia! test ;
both begin their explanations with the third.

Tho commentary in the K. I. Lilunry (M8,
2A32) the* opens! "a certain student, who
hud attained supremo knowledge, aud who had
tusiltnod tho la*t body before absolute emanci-
pation, having been ejected from homo by his
relutioas because ho scorned obstinately dumb,
was pom ted out by hi* father, and accordingly
naked by the author of the commentary (on tho
Vedimta-Sitru, t.s. denkura), ‘ who art tlmu ?'
I>miiirg that others also might have n dignity
liko liis own. he proceeded aaxudingly to de-
scribe his own pro-eminenoe, nml to deulnro

■ Tin priatal Cnaw, cxpUns aeArMa <u nUH. tbs
M'~i**"iine , 'iti> ‘ Ai tbcCki'iirwwivdlr<*oli»it-
• giiAiit - !,.M ia-/al-I Ati-liatfMvmvIikeS

mo iinC* in. 'Wiltin' i> ••l»wU'it«A Jiitrl jirflilnr.iip

til.l.Ajulridtit(* Itiji-MIUOA «v.tn»t,Vlwsl

himself in thn following sUnxas (i.e. beginning
with the thin! )■'•

Tlvo other Commentary opens with the follow-
ing introduction :

•* All bo mgs hore liaro an instinctive dteiro
to ubtniu happiness and to escape pain ; now a
certain persoo, powwtsod of a pre-eminent
amount of merit, and considering worldly happi-
ness as ooly to nmoh pain from its inseparable
oonnectirei with pain and from it* tranoitcriniw),
becomes thoroughly disgusted with all mundane
existence, and iu hi* disgust he strives toeecupe
(Vom its hoods •, and hi* teaeUnr, telling hint
that tlie ignnranro of the soul’s nature is tho
cause of all mnndnno existence, and the know-
ledge thereof tho enute of its abolition, instruct*
him aooocdmgly in tho knowlodgo of thu indi-
vidual soul."

Neithur of thuso opening psragnvphs give*
any hint* as to tho author or tho real circum-
stances of tho ooraporition of tho poem. A
Bengali translation insert* a enrious logsnd,
that Hankant. in tho course of hi* wanduriog*
as * rrligions reformer, mot onr day in llio road
a certain bsaatifol youth, whom ho addressed
in tlm words of tho flrat reras, and who repented
tlvo remainder of lh* po*m os his reply | but
there seems no nntlioriiy for this story.

There • n earnin' parsllil tall" Mirfrfmalfl*a
In nil o<le of the great Persian niystlo Bhatnnl
Tahrts, quoted by Knkino in tho lirst volamo
(p. 106) of tho Ilwbay hsfrniry SoeUt/i
VViKinrcJieni : —

" What advice, O MimsInUns, a* I do not know

myself t

I am noither Christian nor Jew, nor am I a
Hre- worshipper nor Mnmilmiln.

I am not from tho Hast nor tho 'Vest, nor am
I of land or lire,

I am not from thn country of 'Irik, nor aui 1
from tin* laud of Khurloln.

I am noither of water nor sir, dot aui I of
flro or enrth ;

1 uu not of Adsm or Eve, noram I of tho
inhabitant* of paradise.

My ploco i» no place, my sign i» without sign :

1 hare neither body nor soul, — what is then*
then ? I am tho ronl of my loloT•d.'' , •
rrnfo'ouian 'd*y«iA4tu » dtulbiv* *

ili t*..ut»n» t <Iai.Uha 4<fU.*fe«iilst 'u^lhia'

if vHitUr ilvi.ioixl UK -I,. I mih.

Jvstrndl v/ PfUfekW, T<J. VI. <1S7*>

23

TFTK INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[J»Nt*»v. 1880.

MISCELLANEA.

OJf BCLASA.

To 04 SJitO r o/l (i. /»'!”*• AMli&my."

In my tranalrtion of tbo Kui)i Inicriptions
(led. Asl. VII. 251) 1 have Identified Suln.A,
in the name Su Inin data, with the modern
Tu 1*1 lli« I'rAkftl of which pVxnt. viz.

Sufiral and iSWpii".< O/ ii rf, Dr. Bailor lind |..»ntod
out to mo. I We •Ihcu mol. in SHAnko'* coin-
mrntnry on tho /loAitni»j* Nil/rn, wriUin in
|| I0 Slim ynar m, -ilh fiol»»A »■ otvo of
ll.. yepi-KV* r« or molbora of tlio world. 81 m
ia I hum uid to bo l ho mother of nil make rare-.
Tho nomo Bulo.ftdallo U thu. on llio .nmo
lino wall Ihroo mc.ro wiekenumre ooournng
in tho lamo inrerlption. : N*gn In No. II.
N A g 1 n l k A In No. 2. ond HarpilA in No*. 3
■ml I* .

Tho word roll a for make, U dcrired fntm tho
root hi. and mean. originally oithor tho agile ono
er .ho *hining one. What connection Ihoro lo
bet won tho mother of the .nak.-ranaa ond the
iu«f t If three bo ony. 1 dnro not dort<U.

The |«*ingo in qu.otlon makre port of an no-
count of tin. different opinion* r<*nrdlB* lire
origin and iiMuro of tho umvnr** (Calcutta edtllon
TO*. I. p. 313)1

A if if (.foal ton-/* form oprofJmn foie) alob
iloaom | c/ireferAyn* «ftf»» 0 « j-rampfow in*
MnidtoB || l«/. I. 0) <»**»>» *t4ro «•(#*>•/•

nut I* ittdoorojowpoiM l «oiAMw*r.».r* (tlM
pin oat AUcojirlliAue II ArvwrtihyoAuorfAAitt* m«U-
t*il/art..ir )\t< I orMnfy.t/m.t i.AAm tol%a Avy-hio*
fop v of* fop* 1 II fo" 1 ' '"t' a hyiaaipi mlHA
p*i(*urek olrtrjntfoin | firmorort (roml t4Mrl*)
«oiM«/,trtlto‘i t-n'y»i<i A4StA.uilcr.rt.iw |> fare in
judo. pr.ltopooit* ifo-cfl yo/r.op.i.f/aiOM)nJfoi\
Iroad ’rtfot.M t AraAwd lofrW pa.no. f.re>.( r««id-
tarot rHlkfilk i

Adi/I* nira.rtpAfnfii. Dlflr niwfdxnw .U onor
•'mtiuAydofn | Vi.ifd .ito.pi1.1~ m,U,l vrtccjiro.
AJ,dx<t~ II K*'n* .arf.rtpd.dm A. I old wJM In
•Jyo/Jlfailn | SWwMA itafuitpadjiilin llit p.aat
larraffp/M" II Up

ThOM /opaowd/onu remind no of the Clrt-.V
grddoKCS railed par n l®mplo of wlikrli »*»,
according lo Plutarch (.Ware ), in llio old Sicilian

town F.ngyiuo.

Profooror II ran* sir Jacoii.
MmiuUt. IPMfplafi*.

B0NOAHISH MBS.

A few mwilha ago (in the Academy of May 3. 1S7P ■,
we »uf*. vo). VIII. p. APJ| I woo able to announce
the existiivoi of a Poblavi monuacripa, in Botnlay,
containing a more complete text of llio fluufadiiA

than liiat hithorto known ; nnd I ran now report
tho existence in Europe of a amoll fragment of
Hbat appear, to lwv« been n similar text.

When the Ute IVofottMr Wretcrganrd of Ktipcn.
hagen return od from Torsui in IBM. ho brooglit
with him two imported I'nhlnvi MSS., whinli liO
Imd otitoiiHd mo.t probably nt KirmAii. Olio of
there ho kindly lent mo in 13*8. when I found it
had lot 71 folio* at the beginning and xoato 86
til live ond, hnl UlO remaining 181 folio* contained
the whole of the ninrty-l no <|noation. and nnsw* r*
of tho DJ.Wit.fu.f Wort, together with a coniider.
ahlo portion .rftho writing, which uaually prooedo
and follow that Pahlarl l.it in the met complot*
MHS. Thi* MS., which wu probably written In
a n. 1572. wiu present*! by We.torgaard to the
Univnrally Library at KbpMthngan u few bo«r»
boforo ht* death.

Tho other US. »pp«r* lo hnro common rtxl with
tho flu.dali'<A, of which the first 123 folio, are
iMl, having only llio Inal |»go «.f tloU .l fdlowod
by a cotupliOU writMlI in *.n. lM7t next noma,
tho rifclavt text of tho M*fn«-i.KA*..f written
«.i> IM*. nnd alVor that remo .hort text*. *nid
to 1)0 of minor Importance I am indebted to
Profcaaor H..IItnnnn of Kiel for directing my
attrntnm to tht« amull Augment of the fl""'fiA‘*A.
and for kindly .ending n facimilo of it. It
ooulaUi* ouly tho tart fow rentoiKM of the last
oboplor.lntoraprrecd with •omo'additkooal phm-< «.
an aa to form a text of aimilnr rhxractor to that
contained in tho reronlly-repottc.l MS. in Bombay.
There has. a* yol. boon no opportunity of cota|»r-
ing it with tho oorrre ponding part or tho Bombay
MS., but, *H tho 12H rii.nng Tolio. would havo
bten exactly •ullWionl In conuln Uie remalndtir
of like text OxUtiug in tint MS. there rim br .cry
IIUlo doubt that Wcalcrg.anl'- M8. fnrmcily
rontoiixd tho .nmo mure HHii|ilcla and cxlcn.lvo
text of tbo S.nfutiiA, ainounliiitf l" m-arly :V».'KiO
woixln Inatoad of tbo la.INX*. which lia.o lulborto
Von aopi-ned to ho tho oitcnl of the work.

That three mannreripta «hmjld have romalnod
ono'llilid of a century in KurojiC. hcf.ire tlicir exact
character couhl bo ascertained lay comparison with
other copire of tho some text., i* on rely an argu-
ment in favour of a Marching examination of all
PAnl librarire, by .oraoono thoroughly acx|tmintod
with all known l'ahtavl liral Avc.u. toxu, to
aacortain not only where the best copies dial, bnt
also wlut fTagmoute of unknown texts may yet
•urvire. Such an examination must he of tho most
starching character to lie of any use, to a* to
account for the text on every folio of every m»nn-
script, and to ascertain tbu name and dote of

J.m'.nr, 1380.]

BOOK NOTICES.

20

*«<"*>’ copyist. Unfortunately, the owners of such
MS 3 . can rarely give much Irua*. worthy iaforaaa-
Ikm on then point-, ond ora apt to hnco very
erromoa- ideas of the contents und int|urUoio
Of tltoir books.

Munir*. Moo. 2d, 187* E. W. Wot.

HETBIC4L VERSIONS PROMTHB

maiiAmi.Uuta.

DY JOHN MUIR, D.C L., U,.n..A«.

(Cent Is uol /him IV. VIII. f. »»|

Erna op Ixmctsm*.

M«AdMd.aM, iii. 38 K.

The dilatory mon who let
The tune for action pus nwny,

Though Unix I hoy seek, cim seldom gat
Another oppoitunily.

lUitwi Simit.

M iUlMml.i, I. :I65!» j v. 19007.

Of ull ineu him moil lucltlcta deotn

With thorns uf .pcc.li who other* t.'nri.
Who on hi* lip*, n ill, taunt* ihnt teem,
Distinct km's cursing Kudrin* brain. 1
Tun Cuimi »xn Dtnn or Piuunuup.

MuAdfiAWinfa. r. ill 7.

That mortal —sages hrarileas lull
Tint doe* not help his friend, in nwd.
Who does not kindly ware and lend
WhimaV they seem nhoml to foil.

He merit. | .rinse, who urged by rnro
Hi. friend from lull; l»t<k to hold,
Should usn all moans, and. waging hold,
BltOuhl 0*011 III/-' him by the Uir.

HOOK NOTICK 3

|fi**im«-tlo> to the Unr.rr of, Itmoniv II. V.
M*. Ntillir, M A . or. %o. b.nd.m i bin, min. * tV

These are two Intarrsl.ing volumee, written with
all the emu and olegaiioo chura. lerl.tlo or one
who I* at umxi a master of hit subjool and the art
of aipoiitiou anil llie language ha employ*. Pro-
fo*sor Mai Mtllsr write* with singular grace, «o
adortu winterer he handles, and so Illuminates if.
with Um ino.t felicitous lllmtiutiuu ■ tlu.t hi. ib-
■tniMst diuruaalon* flow ond fUecittaio n* if limy
wore *lvUI hislorlwl inrrnlsor*. In nil ngc remark*
•bla for tlio number of eminent men of soiir.ro
wlso are also •tninvnl tnett of Utter*, ha hn. ilio
literary gift in so remnrkablo a degree that ho
not only ho* so-urod an audience for the soiencra
ho specialty <uHitnt<«, but may ho told more limn
any other man who uses IhoEugltsh tongue tohivs
mated, In olrole* that usually frer anil flew the 1)17
ami the recondite, *0, nothing akin to im enlhiuinsm
for the *tudy of the lungtmgc* ami religions of tha
world. In doing this ho h*» alio done much more.
He hm helped to giro India and England a new
meaning to each other, to croato between I lie two
hippier, brenuso more InlolligiNit, more moral nr. J
tyinpnlboUo relation*. Hs ha* hnlpnd to m»ko
India Ucl that 0 Kuropton scholar may lore and
study her language and literature nnd religion
with n. moch eothuainsm u* any Nutire Pandit,
and lie has helped to moko England fret I hut tho
Hoi on and tho Uinda ore akin both in blood and
•plrlt, that, as their languages hare tho **me
source, they hare been concerned with similar pro-
blem!. and liars fallen on similar solution!, hare

bcw.. Imbed alike in thrir starch after truth and in
•loir Afl™ “» «nd » He who suoreedi, thoogh
but in a small degree in a work like this, nUilase*
ano of tho greatest suctWHB |xusibls to man.

The Tolumr. before ns may U hi id Ui represent
Pmfoimr Mm Muller's more .yncm.it, c and dell-
biiratn cotilrttiutMuis to lb. Hi *urn of Religion
TUir germs. Indeed, may he said to lie acoUorod
up and down hi* other writing. Tho qiioalions
disoussed llicre invnl.o mare or less the question*
discussed here. The t|ao*iona a* to the- origin
ami nntore of lilngimgs, end as In the nature
and growth of mythology, ares—rutiully rekued
to tho question as to the gonout and dovehop*
ment of religion i they may, indsed, bo said in a
■•mid to l>* one and tho urns. And so whethnr
writing of Language or Mythology or Indian
Literature, Profbaior Min Muller has nsrer boon
able to earape from lU problems Hint specially
engngn him here But ju*l Irfuaie they specially
enguge linn, we espert from him a tlsMUoaion sya-
tomatin and scifiitiflo In 11 degree imptuaiblo to tba
Lecturer on Lsanguage.to Ibo writer of 1 he CAi/ss
nnd to the historian of S.mkrlt Litemture. And
in many reipreta our exportations ure fulfilled.
The hand of tho writer has hero all lU old conning,
hi* speech line nil its oldchnrin.i* now .wifi, genial,
graphic, and now *low. ornate, slogan*, holding ns
fascinated orer penlrnMi of linked iirrctma. and
illustration* lung drawn mir. Yntwenre nu/rcthan
doubtful as to whether these Lrrfurei tilil our ex-
pectation. in Other and higher respect*. It may
seem nn ungracious thing to cipnwi the roorioMon
tliat we are more, grateful for tho suggr-suvo germs
in the earlier writings than for the full nod acton-

• Ccmpat* ‘ho expressics* in Pashas li- 2 1 Ir. SI 1 lilti «ul Uir. i, 4 .

TITF. INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[Ju'Utat, 183".

tific orpoiition in IheMi and jet we mart coafeaa
to this oonvictxm. We nro Barry to hnro to no;
that PiofeMor Max Muller's eUndpoint aoomi to
u> to have clanged for tie warae. II o linn indood
<|ualilic> that lit liiiu iu nn oioepUottol degree to bo
an interpreter ti ancient Hindu religion. He ia a
acholar, with a acbulur’a gonaral loro of truth and
*p«utl loro of Ilia sotyo*. Ho i. a poot ton. witli
tho pool’, penotni tivo taught, quick oyo for all tluW
ii liuo mol Irautiful hikI good, with tho part'a
fine linagliullw a/ni|ntliy will* tho man and
nature, ho would Interpret. and Ilia ability to re-
preaonl their iiund and moaning in Ilia own and
aur apeaeh. Hut Uhind the acholar and p»t
atanda tha tbiukor, and I'rofouor Max Mdller'a
phlloaopliKul alnndpoint la not wliat It once war.
In hia earlier worha Ito mia moro or lot. Ill |dnlo-
auphy a diacipU or Boholtlng. in Ida Uat lie hua
falUn imdor tlm inlluoooe of Noird, And the In-
fluent* hu, lo our mind. Iiooo anything hut
happy, tiulielling, u.|HH’ially In hia later day.. »a>
dreamy, fanciful, ovuu phautnalio, but in hia idnta
of ipiril, o I rtaaon, of tlvo nature and geaa»« of
re I upon ho waa, aa atwma to na, on lb* "holo
eaientially right Hut No! id appoan to ua to
mpreaiml one oflho moil rcuclionnry ami infertile
aolvool. of pltlloKiphy in tlm lleruuiiy ti to-day.
And we can only and ilwply regret that n name mi
inllaontinl in oonnoiton with tho atiidy nliioli la
now uallod "the aeiouco of religion” aboiiM liavo
in any degree Uvn open to the influence of aitoh n
ayatean.

Ka.dt of the tohimea now before aa may Iw «aid
Jo conalat of two parla, a philoaophlo and a
acionllflo, or n thooretmal and hlalortoil. Tho
philosophical and thoorolioal i. concerned with tho
<|OOitim» »• to the origin ami mture of religion |
|Im tcienlillc ami hntorlcal with llio mlcrpreU-
lion of religion in ita concrete forma, religion. Idiot
and bcliofa aa *«pr*a»od In the language, litem-
tare, enitoma and Lava of given |*oplca. Y’et
tU-.ii two parti are moat intimately evnnrevd.
A man always Interprets faola of mind or apirit
ncoordiug to hia theory of apiriU He atudioi reli-
gion and hiatory by tho light of hia philoaophy.ntd
•an aw no more in tlx- in than hit ph lltHOphy onubles
him to .cv- Hcoro the aignifhonco of I’rofca.or
Mm M idler'* theoretical principle* for hia «m-
tiflaonticMiiuindbiKiorit'al prwulabonof religion.
On thia point wo mar. any n word or two a p-cyo.
of hi. Hibbert Lecture*; the other work lu». been
too long before tho publio to nooi any farther
nc 4 ire bore.’ Tho Ural lector*. on " the Pereeji-
tion of the 1000110,“ diwniBaM tho philooophical
qnwion. It ia to na the hunt laUafortory in the

■ Tim »t ha. bam tnaalatol low Ouiuaa. I'rnnb.
tUi-ob. auJ H-cdi.u.~fcu.

book. Tbo ipiortion i» much too lurgc t-> In- treated
witliiu ao narrow coill|«i**. and we bclicvo I’ro-
fcaaor Mar Muller, hod he bevn left to himaolf, noitld
not Into attempted to ditcu*. it umU-r eoudiliuna
so little o|ual U ita oluinta. Hut pn».ing by the eri-
ti<ul port.,— which are hut n ierie. of brief, though
aearcliing, gliocca nl two or llire* Ihnoritwaa to the
imturoofivUgioa, with omiwkm of all -arc tho rery
alight©.! rofsrenco to tlm moat rational and com-
prehcn.ivo theory of all— wcoune to our author'a
poaitivo and coiutracliro doctrine Ho module,
the doclrino mainUlncd In Ilia earlier rottrea of
lecture*. tlml religion ia a mooUl faculty, whic h
"lnde|H-ndunt of. i.iy.in apilc of boom* and reaaon.
mahlua man loiipprotaiul the Inflmlo umU-r differ-
ml lunula and varying dioguiaea"* Tina aa a
ptoos of p.yehology wna noror rory Incid It ia
not very eniy to undcraUml how any mental
faoally “that ia indupondont of roaaon andean
act in apito of" It can ho a rational faculty Hut
aa uow modified it ia alill Una aatiafartory " Hell-
glon, In i|a mihy-vtiro aenao of fiiith," ia miw
rinulo " aiinply a dovolopmcut of aomuoua percep-
tion."* Ami .n lie >aya. In an.wor ui tho nuta-
tion, how au-di a being a. tho primitive aurogc.
with nothing but hia lira aonaw, oror come. to
think or apeak of anything not finite or infinite P—
“111** tho .cnaca which gi ro him tho firet impre .ah ill
of infinite lliinga, and aupply him In tho end with
nil Intimation t/lhr iufinlt, Kverythingof which
In- aonmi* oantail |iaivuivo a limit, ia tea prlniitiro
•ntnge, or to any man in an early atngp of inlellec-
loal oclltily, unlimlteil or Infinite. Man area, lie
acca to n oertaln point t and tlirro hia ijeaighl
hroakadonn Out oinclly whorohiacyoalght brenka
down, there preeaca upon him. whether ho llkca
it or not. tho perception of tho unlimited or
Infinlto,"* Now throughout thia tUtomoM two
entirely diatlnrt notion, ore cotifoamk.l, tho In-
definite nml tho Inin de. Tlio-n lire nut only
dlatinrt. but oppoailo. Tho Itulolluilo ia aimply live
umlcflnud. whnt ia without pcroeivoil limiu ; hut
tho Infinite ia the without-lxmmla, Ii whnt ia nut
aimply iiudeflnod, hat cannot he defined. Tho one
imduduB, tho other prelude*, the hleii. of relntioa
and limitation. Tlvo iumimw anggcal the IndoliniW
l*-MU*0 they perceiro tlw defillito i hut the KMM
conccivca tho Infihlui. Tlmn m whnt anua <iui
•' the «en«ca'* he -uid *' to piomiivo." They are mil
rational thing- i to thorn n* aen>ca rmuin dor* not
belong ; and thn pcnvptiou of any rational thing
in hiatory, or nny raiiotl or iM.-cmahln being in
nature, iadaoto innn'a i|na1itya« a rational, not to
hi- nature a* a limply acnauoua, being. A con*
ception of " infinite thingn” ia pouilde t "an lm-

• ef fiih'ulea, n I*.

• MM ltd Aretare-. w 1 rt.il « -

Jurem, 188»]

BOOK NOTICES.

31

prmlou of infinite thing"” or "a perception of tlm
Infinite" is absurd. I frank!/ CoofeM my inability
to attach an/ meaning worthy of our author to
such a sentence as " I maintain that before it (tho
Iuflnite) becomes a aoiMiuiriix, it is an aitlXfhm,
I bough not aplaVaoitwison.”* Whatever tho muses
perceive npp-urn to the setmee , the eppuanuico
is tho objeotivo si-le of the perception, tho per-
ception tho subjective eida of tho appearatico.

Tho inlluenoo of hie omplrtoo-ireiucondental
philosophy pervade* more or loot tho lectures i
it la, imUod, lutrdly apparent in the ssoand lecture
with which wv throughout cordially agree, or tin
third, wliioli is an admirable aooounl in our
author’s vnry boat alyl* of tho place and value of
tlie V'edsa In tho study of religious. But in tho
fourth, “on the Worship of TwtgibUv BemiTtui.
giblo and I ul ungililo Objetie" - and In tho fifth—
” the Ideas of lalluity and Low"— ila preaenoo
and action botonto Tory maalfMt. 1'or ono thing
It make. In Ikeae and the nett locture tho pro-
■unlaiieo of Vrdie religion Inn ethiral and mors
sensuous than It might lints been. We mitilil liava
wished that i'rofvaaor Max Muller had analyaml.
vnrllUd and otgaaliod for us not simply tlm forms
nnd characters and qualities of live doilies tlial
nil the Vodio I’nntboon, but also the ethical ideas,
tho religious and spiritual btillofs that worn at
work la the boon of the Vedlo society, not only
crusting tho seeds of tlm philosophy that was
afterword* in blossom into (lie f.'jmnMtuds, but
also laying ths found tUuns of tho sacerdotal
polity that was nftrrwsrds to receive esprassiou
in (hn I.wi »/ ifuira, A nil this suggest, nnother
remark tho signiUoanco of lud* for religion
doo* not oud at tlm point whsro Prof.ssor Mat
MUllor loaves us In a sense it only begins Uioro.
Wo son I ml in religion becoming at once more
spiritual and non sensuous, entering upon one of
ths many ptuaoa through which it was destined
to pus. Yet nach of this* pliaara— Bralmauism,
Iluddblsm, Hinduism— wns tho logical and natural
outcome of the other, nnd to otlnbit them in
their rotation" to oacb other and to tbo spirit of
man is to exhibit one of the mast wonderful pro-
osshm of ovolollon In religion the history of tho
world has to show.

ft ta net possible, within our limit*, to give any
adequate notice of this book ; or any illustrations
of tlm learning, the true and felioitou* rellexiomi,
tho rigorous and soarehing criticism with wbfeb
it abounds, or of tho generous and cntbolia spirit
which everywhere penetrates anil illumines it

• Hihtcn p. «*.

• A Cfa. s«Ml Ds‘eU.a«ry iWuWrahve «/ Me VytAsfify,

/'kstiieptly, LiUralM daliyaffiM, Arte. Cut-

<“». it. of (hr HiissUs. Il, John Cam-K, DinvUir ol

In tlrel* rrspKts it is worthy of ProfosMW Mai
Muller and the subject ; and to s»y tliis is the
highoK possible praise. A y r . lmuu<

A Ci. I II w II. Dioisrm.il lit llisiv MrrnntoBT a»i> Hr.
imnm. Uiooiaiui. Huron. arp I.iiii.ius., II,
John BueiuD, M.B.A.S.Uls FVif»»w,ir ,-f Uwdutuai.
Beef Collnio (bro. W- sis ud til). Urnfca i TiUlas.
A Co. I<9.

Many auidtiite will bail with pleasure Mr
| Dowson'a hnudy volume (which forms tho sixth cf
TrUhnor’s Omotal Boris*) u a book that is
much minted. It Is scarcely eight years yol tiacu
its outy English predecessor appeared— Mr J
Oarrou's Claniiml DstriMivp'— publishml at
Mudrtu i and though thero weru atrium slips in it.
and it wuo too largely composed of inoiu eitracts.
it is often rory useful, and in much fuller thou that
sow Won U» Mr. Denson lus not dialt so
much in OsincMii* Ills predreossur j nono of his
s tilde* are long . aud ho has ound-'tiowl In such
tho Information he hits drawn from his authorities
Milk llto intelligence of a man who knows his
sul(joel. Ho does nt« draw on Orlguml Bonskril
■ouroos, hut his sutlionties are among the U.t,
vl' Muir’s OngMuf Simtfil lull. If. H. Wilsons
Rig-Mtia, and PS.*na f-Js-e (Hull’. Bd.,\ei,d tlm
writings of Momer Wiliam., Mai Muller. Roll,
lkMithllngk. f «s an, Weber, Whitney, WoUbeim
de PODOOua, A«. Owing to tbo brevity mweaMry in
•uch a work, we regret lUt tbsu.llwr has not given
refereures at the end of each artiole to authors
where more detailed mf -rmatioo might lie foisud.

The inyikolqgMul peris are ilochknlly the bssti
in tho biographical mutter wo uuio mini, omluion.,
the iinmoi for eumplo <f Hill, ana. K&mAoujys,
oral Madlivkchirye ure mating, and the datra ol
the authors that are give* are rarely indicated
Wo trail the day i, ,„a far distant, howevor,
whon another end enlarged «lirion of this work will
ho required, etui woliopo lliceateiprtsiug puldUbrr
will ami U» II thus it is then greatly intr.u-id
both in matter end value. Why ahoultl It not
divelnp into a Dictimmry of Sanskrit Mythology.
Religion, History and Literature fit to rank with
those or nnciout Oreeh and Roman life and
thought. oonUy odited by Dr. W. Smith? The late
II. H. Wilson promoted a scholarly work, and
went so Ur. forty years ago, as to anoounce lus
intention of preparing it for the Oriental Transla-
tion Pond. Hwo is the nucleus,. Troll slime, hot
for loo rcitrict.il. Of till* Prefrasor Dunam is,
modestly, well aware ’’ No duubt very defective"
Is llto verdict ho posna on tlm fruit of his own
labours. Iln reatricl" himself rather too raclu-

Dit-lir Isetrartlai it Mysore. Ac. Ar. t". 0 7 * 1 ;

Nvln., Hkreinbcthom a.4 Co. left), The 4*r*War.

•U

TIIR INDIAN ANTIQUARY

[JaXVaM, IBS*

sivcly to tlio j>utvly Bidhnumik subject*, to Urn
exclusion o f llamldlni and Jama non, perliup* pur-
puiety i bill «Iia i min:* oC mini/ of tho •xln, n»
well u* of individuals immaoiwiI iu llio gm* cph*.
aro omitted Uui. an the othur bawl. whot «o
Urn i. well done. Nothing rnndil lie bettor than In*
lriuliii. nl of tin* lTJ.u nail Epic*, of mill popular
ilciiica si Kr nli in mil Btant, and of I In Avatlru,
<ii iiicnruntiuna of Vishnu, on winch *o much of
maim ii and pmctirul lllnilm-in lung*. Under
Tilt Isa xinou of iheirutl.i* li«il regarding the bar-
riWoiminumlil c- of iiiivli of Hindu worship mnl
Mini. Our n, ilnt mil form mi ilm» of tbo Utility
of I lie look from till* aecounl of ihu fr./ join i—

" A maul Mousl verx* oftlm Pijj-snAi, wbieh It
i« llie iluiy of orery Bdliman to r.|«*'. mmiully
■n lii* morning and evening devotions. Il In rut-
drrtool to tlio ami o« HAnlfl, tlm uoooraLor, imJ
an ills <ulUil ftlmi Htnifl. Peraonibodna ng'xhiaw,
Kiviirl l« the wife of Brahn.l, mother of the four
r.'Ai#, mi l ulk.i of i ho twiivi'horn or thronupelor
onto* Cololiriioku'a Itnnilntkm of the Gdynfri l<
' Kaitli, aky, boi»»"n bim nndiutu on (thrso
ami oo) tlm in nut omcUcM light ar»l |" 'iie* ol tlnU.
roiiotoiH, nmflv.. mid icaphmilonl sun (praying
that) It may guide ixir Intalloc**.’ Wllion'a vur
■ion ia. In hia tranilalUm of tho /fi'ycls. * Wo
mtdituio on lint ikwintbU light of tlm ilirlon
hlntrl who milium--. our |"ii> rite* ' In llio
p»sl, . Im liul l.'nv if it ■ a n •omewbnl
difTinviii tertian—’ \V< . iindifiiti' nntluit excellent
light of tlm iliyino mm t may lie lUumltmto oar
miedl.’ A Utor tertion by ikofoy U M»y wo
rscoive th* gkirioui brighlnoe* of thM. the gmieiu
tor, of Uio gwl who •lull pi»o|ier our works,’
Wilton oliaorrre of it i— ‘Tho romiiwntorora admit
•Oiiw vanoly of inloipiv'nllo.i, hut It probthly
inoaiit. in ill original use, n aimplo invocation of
Uui >1111 1 1 xharl u benignant iulliiitiiot u|nni tho
customary ode** of WOralllp, mnl it la "till em-
ployed by tba nnphlWpblcal Hindu* with men ly
that signifiotliim. l.ntor llOth-ls, rind t«|*cinlly
thou) of tho VoJoniu, bnvo operated to attach to
tU tort an import it did not nt llr*t pos-os*. and
luve convert*! it into u myttitul propitiation of
tlio ipiritiul origiu mul cisoiieo of exiitunre, or
HnahmA.' Ii i. contid.n-l so holy tlut copyists
often refrain from Irat.crilnng It."

Aa another aponimon, W" giro tin following no*-
lyaia of the JM'iivomi After n brief noticn of thu
Vernons ond .Uhjllxt* JMwifya-t. he prcrcivln
"Tho JMatfpuim roleb rates the life nnd exploit*
of B4n« (Rlma-oloiolro), tho lore* ofRumn ami
Im wife Silfi, the rnpo of tlm Uttar by KArunt, tlm
demon king of Cu/lon, tho war rarriiil on by
Rimo and hit monkey allie* : gmi.it Rilvina, end-
log in the doitruelton of Hit <Uiimo and th* rccouo

of Siii, tlio restoration of Ihiuu to tbo throne of
Ayadhyik hii j.-ilou-y ami ti*ni*limcnt irf Sill, her
uxidi'iioo at the hermitage of VAImiki, the birth of
her twin ioim Nui-i and fowl, tho fatbor'a diktosory
and roeoffiiition of Iu* children, tho iveall of *hit,ihe
alteotution of In r immaanco, her drat li. lUima'i ro-
aolutiuntn fellow her, end hi- Irnu-lution to hotren.

"Thu ififnidyiinii I- dividml Intoioten (dafua or
leetiona, end contain* about fU\<»W linen. The luet
of tin) tortilt -iHilkiu* i» proliahly uf later du’.o
•him the amt of tho work.

“ 1. Bd/ai-Minto, Tho hoyhanl of lUma.

”2. .lymlt^W-Win/d, Tlm ecorm* at Ayodhy*,
and ll)0 bltaUiiaanit ol llauia hy Im lather, King
Uaoirathii

"J. .l/iiny>-&<i*.ia. ' I'oratt aoction.’ IUnna'a
lifo in tlie foii-l, ami the rape of Siti by RArann.

“4. X/aUn«U|r4*M»iiii. lUma’a roaid.nco at
Kmhklndh/A. tlio Ck|iiul of hia inunkcy ally, King
Rugiivu.

"6. Nmiifara-A'.lyifif, ' Ikauliful mxtioo.' Tlie
m.rmtlini. |U.»ngo of the atrmta by Ilium mul hie
»IH« Mill tlieir arrival in Ceylon.

" A. V-ditAa ldadii, ' War arcUon.’ Tho war
“it'll lUvarm, hia di lull and doMli, Ihu mooirry
ol'Hui, tin roturn to A/odhyd and the coronation
of llfimn, Tin. ta aouietunca nailed the An aid or
CVfrfi.n K.lyt.l

"7. AVfn.i-tfm/.t ' I.nter arrlion.' Rfliim’#
life in Ajidhyl. Im likidahnienl of .Sit A, the Inrtb
of hii two aona. hi* reoogoilnxi of thorn nnd of the
Inline nco of kla wife, tbelr reunion, her dieth.
and bit Irnnalntion to btetaii,

" The writer or tlm compilcre of the ft fmfynoi
liftd a high MtUMte of iu raluo, and it ir still htld
in very grmt vnoetullon. A verae in tho introdoc.
tiou an/*, ’ Ho who trad, mid roi«et» this holy
life-giving Kl-. lynmi it liheratod fVvin all hia aina
mi l < »iiln*l with nil III. poeterity to tho Inglwwt
boniein' Mill hi tlie aerond < finptcr llrnhimV ■■ mudo
le aay, ‘ A* Iwig ua tho ininintaina mnl rivern aliell
rontitmo on tbo tnrfooc of tbo earth, on long ahnll
Hhi Mary of ftd«nlj«iaa hocummt iu tho world.' ”

Th. I took i* followeii li)’ n very complete index
of ayuonym* ami nniiica referrod to urnki ilifToront
lieodn i tbo arrangement ia moat l-lpful to tho
atudent, and ambles the author to avoid much
ivpolUWn.

Tbo wlmlo work is introduced by ii condcnapd
ivxvmnt of tho origin arid deulopmcnt of the
1 'id.F.. Profotanr Douron exprours the hopo
"iliot n p»«l beginning lui. been mnihi, mnl ttat
n la.i. ho> I icon laid on which a grralcr and more
worthy rtrocture may borrafter be rniwd." Tbo
four.dution U indooil gre.1, nud we trn.l ho will at
once c.ll other arbcfoi t to his aid thnt the M *t
edition uuiy be very much larger aad fuller.

<m^: 3*w to m
ftffiwwsnfoQmiSfcvvsiftwitifc

*i$zimKitrmm 5 ^51^*1 j*ff*

a ^\ • A A /> rt - __ _ - _

' W FIWTr/ltiviMV!?

f ffim ft qi-1 «j W ft

j Pf351#!| ra^l T 1ffi^iqf?Jfl^^'!||^ : l'>7l

W1 ft-TlS^o

m n« rs '

c] •• -3i f;^ 2 w ??i 3fl f?i ym

qififaqifawqwqiqiftqii

> ra q®ftqFi)*iiq-3i'Wi Rif J! q fa#3

c W3^TR5qR?^ftqi^R| c W«^sgR'Iil
) TO Rlf/l^SOT 3^ ff ft| FCT PM RTO

* fljffl ?f« WgflftR <4$f j,

c ^fl«^R^sq<r^TWWHR ! r<Hrftj i

> % m a >. i . t *

Ff*nr*KV, 1899,)

A SI LARA OOPPBR PLATE GRANT.

A NEW Sil.ARA COPPER PLATE GRANT.
BY KAiIlNAril TUIMUAK TK1.ANU. MX, LI..I1.

riAHIS i> a grant made by a prince of tlic S I-
X lira dyra-ty. Tho plate* belong to Mr.
RArorhanibu fiivrnm Ue.it of Khilrepiitnn, mid
were hnnded over 1o me levarnl niontlia .go by
RAo Sihrh Gnjinin K riahn* Hb-lavaijikur, «lun
Subordinate Judge of Devgad, anil now in llio
tervico oftheBurodii sinln Tho plaice were
lound nvanv yearn ago at KharepAlan, buriitl
nndcr ground •, and i» in now impcemlrlo to gel
any further information regaining tlnir no
r)uinition. They oonurit of tlirvo nliicUi, about
H i in-bra in lenglh l>y about (lj incite. in Urriulib,
joined together by a ring of llio usual sh.pe,
bearing, for a deal, |!m figure of a mail .ratal
rroni logged and with joined konda. The gram
u, an usual, engraved on both «id« or llio middle
plain and on llio inner aidea only of the first mid
third.

Tho character, are lira old UAvarAgnrl. llio

intflnf King in many en*os written before the
I utter with which rl trout. inutmil of over it.
in tho modern Dcvanfigurl. Tlwro are mrndry
iiiBtaiiiei of that coafuaion between r and «
which raay lie noted in other plnti* aim, 1 urul
there i» a I no n «omowhnt notioniblo tendency
toward. doubling Homo loltorB. 1 Tho .ubtililu-
mm of n if forjj ; the .imiUrity of if mi l 9 { aad
the tine af thoriiWirniAii,— nr* uimo of the other
point* worthy of note in rho hI>Io id nritiru
in tin. grant. Tho Imigange in throughout
Hnnahrit, the gixutcr portion of tho document
being in fairly gaol verae, while a iinnll por-
tion nt th« end— whieh i. the only purl directly
referring to the actual grant made— is in prutc,
and •ometrkai involved, and not always comet,
ptxac. The dulo is given In letter, and figure,
a. It) Hi, or. aooording to tho view of Mr, .1, E.
Wort, 1017* el* to Hubaern.

TuatU/Mlion.

Tl ad /.

[•] ntdr n***rpty n«nfw [nj* ftof-mru r. qww*

[*] qwxww: i[ii] n f . «nj toff M i[ii]

l‘l rj«Efn«ifirvtTir*on-TT«[q«n i[n) P»*nf

l’] ffnignftaMif* t[f«] (nrnuflwi i(n|V fair

L‘l «J.qrpj r[ rtrTdnr liil] imp** Wi«-

I*] 1(11] efonnrt*

L r ] w nrrfn*: *qtf tffwrclnPmr i[il] ^f-

I"] im: jnsfaqpn tfforw: [u]

[ u ] iinrf«r«nVfq>»l f-f

[.<■; oq Ifil] iwi«f frfhnfli$iiprf*ri I faiTr ijftrR-

["] fiqiif^*Tt«it *qtf 1(11] t^n«ifi«r qmrcflrwqn
[“‘1 q gwrni *nr mft q i[li] diwq-
['*) mfp^qifflqiq qfWtv»ni«'iwn , *qr

["] qr: •rfbnjniw g* [uj iiai«i'rqtfiHrr«t^qqr
[”] *r rxpni qq Raiqqrr firftyq l[ll] «wi*

i ,n 3 wwwiA TnftTTf npftinflqBhr: wiw:

• 8e« for 01*? in#t.ir.'r iko if^friplitiaAlCaiuiiniUia'*

.Sunvy v.^. VI Haw X*.

• Cf. Jour. H. H 11 A .W. ». l X tv .un.

• lriM««?b m tbaoKim>isi •. i# ( i to S.ka

kinx knnta * a Hnri4.ll A foam I* «/ X /.

f'tiuivsjrapA., land ail) y 7fa fmnjMriil tlu

«od uau<« of )mn ui vta in ac^ao of »!>♦ |*Ui««

• ki.jb un MUW. I ar litoil 10 ailli )lr.

ri#u.

4 TW oripintl Iim i Wftt Um» ' *l»* rkw c / - ml)
of tli" liPiiiik/iib» In tko IruadUWratitiQ Cn««s

IVn I,. h»vnl.- n tumrlod <* t f wbtr» h IirmUU. In

\ v i* |* • • »«o laTiMr.li.tiUr inr. »r<|rmi!r.l otl)

•bit tifery ik ftiuod in the « n#i«al.

3i

T1IE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

(I'lani «m, IRflA.

£"] nnr feanir* w «wafa;in«n ! i[n] *wf rr.nifa
["] sqtwfaririflAaiTqifq) f^\ warm lirarariN a-
C *3 «r srairayMi wafai v _yiif«nrRt l[nl wn aw a-
["“j awfowawnfr q*;r«flFa[(iK«Tiqfwi

Plato lit,

['•3 1(11] am-TiW-

I "I 'M* mat qffair(ar) V * »U»t)a*T ‘flwcnqa-
I* - ’] •ffgamjaai o 3 RKWfftar. 1(11] a»aifoaqa?ift-
C ‘3 fift*qftairai(«ai 5a. tfiin^nManjPiOk

[•’3 fna^aiafai \[\\] irt«taww q«q near riqiqftrt-
(“1 »Ft <rw»rt: wqa;q aafo rft a* |[||] «*a I-

C 1 "] 1 gift Jtftfta q^**. I[ll) R* ^qpnt^q: nwfrqjA

['*] qrrfna: i[ii] «« 4 ; unta q; arapti&R n gfritrc: i[u) nai-
l '°3 an'ifaanf®*: *rr»i5»**q % f*ii i(n] nrarnaartar aa-
I’"] nfq anfa rftwrto [ll] aaaflr aartaiaf nramaanaafr ^(u)
f'J aa wraaraaiq RIM fllara atariM WqiftfRtf*R
l' 1 *) qfo<< mq Rot otfbt (11J fawarnnr>T*|qfWit>|at n Wrt nw
I’ 1 ■AlfttairajAmillMi'Mft i[u) •tftaiaigrcj naMaar-
! n J ar wiwr»a*Rfarwaqf qq«, n «nnft w ^RfliPr w. *•

(”1 m ?wH*i^inna»«rwfflr i[ii) a«r*r n

l" aia:«at n'qm^m?arw’T^F5Mfqraj<sHif«f)i|Rt *aq \{\\) mar
l’ l ton <ra VralWtr ytjr n «rq«t mqrft R'piirqi aa***

l”] q: rfWmran: i[n] a*rgm ►flP'uarjaT

TJ >jf i[ii] aftorcto Hujaifo aa -fm angaft^fcr i[n] oar-
C l wanr-T fTja^iqSffaaertrafaarra ranrarft 1(11)

Pluto II A.

I"] a-wiaffieR* wrwtertowa aft^rrPr aWf-maw CM*
r M 1 * [ll] rmfwrfftatwtoiltfRifaf [11] aw»»a»aa a(q)*q tflfaf*
CM wqfxrnrfa i[ii] farcify £n*ra*ra[:] ^tanaama^r arc*
I'M ra'lg aSr** nam’t ajaini^a: eaiqft; i[nl qwiargaijJSvt g-a-
V '. a-A frit rahrasaara^ gi frwg wi i|nj

CM qTqqfiifqaqT , Haii‘in(a)nR 3 n> 5 fqanwq'qrq»fift , nq-
CM m ilul aftancRatarliwrqft'wifa^jnracaqfi'flwHtaar ar-
l" 1 ] Paaft ilul «cg najawr shi^jIwicts*

I'M fa; arPrcrw: i[n] ffcjaa^fa a^Jilawfa^nnafa aafasTa adt-
C°1 qHiflrcr aiqKUjT't i[ii]afta|f*aa) qq:(a) trrt^rftafrcarfa ainrjja-
CM *q aqqr aq=qqq« r f i[iij ^rwq^q^Hftgs-cr. aiwir-
CM nrf^aaa--^qr^: [u] afa ^qi^KwcHft

:oi6.

FrincAM, IfiSO.J

A SIlAra COPPf.R PLATE GRANT.

Vi'iriTrprjn-r.irn'i^i ir™n'i>TT i[n]

l * ijwifonwr *r: wq7f»r f«*w i[u] infant *w-

^•wr *r awqtfit i[ii] PftfttnK*tor*

J PWR wfa JR ^CNr II am mlg^MICqRtf.

to «7n foi 4)r w arc vi?4|qq*n;Trn7t-

qqfiuRwqiippnirqiiq vi^rfqfrwgnftqftrr-

Plat* III,

l**l Pr^wr-

T’] fk«RfR«*n»Rt jflaj, «*7<«irmRffwr(ir)M it-
l fl, l ww(w)^rif*r|* nRjmnRrn Wiwftrarwrc v^rcflr «-
C“3 imrotfpflftaTOTix: i i *rt*mr-

H Vqvq«o^(qi)d*iq«fiRW^|i,,|y4q.4 >I; , rrftq«rcqrtf-

(°"l nwrvitfwHkwji 1 wrtWtadr m4«R n n n-

l°"l n*¥>wnis)tftR^orcprt Ttifl*q(^)q iTfUfftjflH'TR v=7r.

(’"I ft nn^fRft^nfr«mR«mrqwiRpi5ifiifrr(»!tKi , nn^

M wiriiw*!«njhrj(pi)fifiq»i«(pq cr«ift<inrmrRiTin%-

I I Vi: Hfcnarcj q: liftfW «mr ii iTTTJpEf'aifRiiiiHwirn-

' :, ]«7 qitRTr^l WfTircniftHm^xqfoqsiql qql-
I’*] wftlt ti«t *rr*r^*»fR«4<f<>q »/ftrfaq«-

I M 1 J fi'RfR‘4rq'i' , i«iq^q^n‘jfq‘43qiq'»iH[yqMyr-

T'l nTqrmrftft;ft)qi7qrv?vrqq^q: nqvkmirt tfrrt*-

l"'l wimRr^m(!g)qk«^3*qrfc3 wrrV? ^im*

['"] «j?TOi*«r<rc'i q(l «r)mr»i nqrn*aft n*r q^j*t qiTrFKq-

l"’J qrrFiti'nijqrq nV-t ’frjrcTOnftar •*»**«£•

[*'l =f(q)nm tftatrr?qrRl!)nriRfaqx g*ir qfr** n tnj-
I a "] * < fhnrt«rt{sit) aftqrqq^fBffswwftm^qr^qf-

!') *rfa qftqrw^q n «i(qiJfSnr ^ •fllwWriPr ipnrc(!)far-

I 'J *r ►ftqy^axq nqrcpiftqr n n

9 •

i ulum«* rrwt jrlmti'ii* I ho (tangc* I.L. n <»k nr
May that Chief of tin* (l.inM (Cu*fti»>ii) digit of kJiv m i*xi tiring o vrf tbs summit of
firolocl yn i fm in Imrttl, hImi IN Itiwnmtri with Stim tu.

wt»rriii|i in nil ttitdertukingv, nml who destroy* J i in u I u v i Ii u n a. the non of J 1 m A
obfctack*. t a ko l u. m rtiwirnwl in I lie tlmio worlds** ever

May tint Siva always protect you, on Iiuummc; for verily, Itvutiug liiw own Iwily us

36

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[Pr axiunv, l®o.

“ blade of grew for tiie tako of another, bo
rreencd San k Inch fi ija from 0 iirnjn*

In hia family wa* lorn tlio prince K a p a r d I,

■ U onmmcnlofilic S 1 1 ii rn dynn.ly, who.orl.uii
faoUtool wna rtrooked will, tho lunma of ihn
frooli jewel, in the diadem. of all king, of tho
oorlh, ii.nl who was bold liko Sri S A h uni il-
ka. •

To him wiut born a .on, nuincd Pnlaoakti,
who win), as it wore, I ho lUincnt limit of llio
polllj proclaimed by the IVer.-pl.vr of tho Ooda,'
and who having vunnuiabod tho wholo multitude
of hi. fore in the mill.*, of Iho battlo ll.-ld,
reigned orer the enrih unrooloiwd.

lie had noon Kapardl tho younger,' iho
head -ornament of king*, who wan. aa it were, n
*«ond .Urpgoadto hi. rlrphait-likn eaeraire,
and wlioeugloiy rendered tho nnireno .o nona-
.irely white,' th.l tho oloph.iit of tho god., tho
moon, and llio milky oo.nn .hour not (hr/ \<te il).

To him, too, wa. boro a MO, Sri Vutpu*
r a n n a," an ornament of the lord, of tho tarth,
who wna tlio amt of great .plondour, who hod.
pnntlod the ent.ro rphere of the earth, anil who,
■jolting in tlio liattle-tlohl, rot »IT with him
•word one link of hi. nilver.iiMw’i lcjihmiU, unJ
rendered them drroid of rmntora."

He had a .no, tlio king Znnaa, worthy of
pr.iae, who delighted all pooplo liko tho moon,
anJdoairoyni all onl liko tho .an who do* troy*
light, " nod who in hi* own name ereoU.| fall
twelve temjileo" of Samhhii, w-hirh wore ate|«t
metlnnk. for (lAe n.i o/) tliomi .uppliaut* ufhi.
who were labouring on tl«|<«th to lieu von.

Tlirn r.me hi. brother SrtGoggi, tho
brilliant mu. of whom glory »u *pra*d (i» all
dirtelioiu), who hail lit up tho whole .phero of
tho mrtli, who w«« powerful among tho men of

• Till. *>•! Inn,. It. nl~i ,)« It. jrt.tMmtd

N«f*.,tniuUMd by Mr f. ltiyt. Sm «!•" '»' e%i

.‘e'prnl ll'mlllp op. 101 - IPO : fail del rot t.pj, 1 10,

• 8«t u to SUiiuii ka, IUU‘* IMremCofM tnlrod.,. 18.

• 1 *. to *l»uai I TUfl t * Ifcrt ef

i§ attributed. HtoJnnr ifcu« ttf. Key. At. Sot.
*oV Tit. p-MiiM tl«n I'-sof Aafonlr* (BroUy. Sutokrit
N b U. p 7 Ymo 10. M.l t»fe

• a n.bitlWMr«t ttmp ii« 1 Into i« M(J to U» *««..*%!

«F '" ,u “ in , - r ^

• IJIof7 n f»o>f with our imt. U aliitn. 1)1

n>i\*»e.u. II.®. The oVbbvit of India U alas -trite.

• S~ Ant. nl. V. i,. ii~ ante

" TV.r-.m~r. let-. JoM^reM-^Irrt^r.. Viatwlo
t"*h d~nd c( eimn, ml Gcr-iuli. *iai U iui~
pr—d to Ian unit on- tenth .

" It. if a .ui/Jiir itiutlf .ntindrt,

" P« 4 H M-gfi-lU UII. nit U.i be Wa MR

power, nnd on whow engaging in tlio work of
drawing hie Ikiw in Iho battle, Bhialima, Drorta.
tho don of PritLi, 1 * and other* were all r*st into

tho .hade.

To him wm b»m a son, llio illurtrloua V oj j n-
dad i v u, whom renown wo* noi.ed about owing
to hit antnnuhingnnd attractive exploit., who wa.
tho hred-ornamonl ol tho cirelo of the earth,"
and upon wlioao brnoai. hU.trongth being in hi.
arm, the go, Idea* of royal aplendour, suddenly
appearing of lire own acoonl in tho mid«t of tho
baUlu-Aetd, oejoycl |4ua.uro tut (mi He boeom) of
MarlH."

To him wm hom an illuttriou* and rightonu.
.on, A p a r I j 1 1 a, liko Ja>-anU to Indra, like
Kkrtikoya" to Siva. Ho -a. Karna him.rlf
in muiiiliowioo, Yndhuhthim in veracity, the
brilliant aim in prowim., and tbo .taffof KAIa
to hi. foe*." VlcUirioua I. ho who pro-
teednl in tliia world anhordinato ohiof* who
come for aliolter, and uthem alao" tho king,
who d. irrvra hid name of ' adamant ino cage for
tlioao who eotno fcraheltnr’.^ In varioua way.,
lie welcomed (ioma, whro ho came-, he alone
oonflrmod to the name o/Aiyapaddva
the wivereignty which had boon aliuken i Imi
aironUl doeurlfy to the king. Hhillamk-
in an amain hud ha" Wl.at more need bo
said of that king lUma bearing tbo title Srlf

After him camo tho illu.trioua hcad-jowol of
king., hi. ami Vajja^adeva, woll veined in
polity, wlujao ciploiU all people oven yet extol
wit.li tlieir baliM clolhol, a. it were, with hair
.(muling on end.

Thun come hi. brother tho king A r I k e a a r I,
ruajvvtol by tlio good, wlio played tbo part
of tho thunderbolt, in t hn deal ruction of hi*
proud fore, who woro liko the gtvnl mountain.

ii.nl W th« -.mo oWrehno. To im UM ■■*•. of Um wind
li quit* a«*. " l «. Arjua.

“ Thi. plirre* if » mry remon oo»

•• l .. to nr/. Art 0 , Ukibdil-tW

K ..lW.f a fplnBt-.tr. •’ Tt* -ni-rd.

" Kfc. o.u. 1 . Yimfc th- OmI of limit,, no. of -hire
uttuf 0 l>ii,tailW.. tU hi.lder of tb* Mntf.

i9 Too orj.-\ mI m MtmtrwVni bcw.

•• Ttfi AftMftrt Ur- bw A IHVi <4 tbo S1W no But
uo H »p. Ai Soc. ml. V. p. ITrt, Ioftfnptit.il

N«>. Till., and (irahttn** K*tA>ipur, Iu»c No 17,

•* Tluft U w»ld<Mtim4 to rohr in Rtimhiv (Arts |. Rf.

kA 1 p 13 * 1 . IdoMt ti».l«A».l tW> oriipnul fcvn*

luli UAy. HUyt Utlartritl liuf.4«t t. i VI. p 111,
Tulo’i Al.irfoPok vol. iLp.ttl. A R4jA niill*ma of

Ulf-llli) lonnbitrtnM in W»'li.-n'» Imrip.

tkts aV’o t» A 1*1 uojour. Roy At. Ku. ml. V. p. 17B i J. h.
if. K A. S. tul. IV. p. IGI; aaJ /ml. Ani. rol VI. |». Mil.

A 8l L An A COPPER PLATE ORANT.

37

of ihe univenwi" and who, oron in oliikllrood,
having with (4u) unity gone lo and vi.iud
Sonic avail, offered nji" before him tho w!«il«
oarlh Indirection of his father, and ihcnrtlurwd.

Then Sri C li h 1 1 1 » r 6 j n. Uio son of hU
brother, Vajjadaddva, lairoiur king, who
being himself an omlU.1 penmnago. oven thiagl.
a child, greatly exalted the Sll .iu dyna»ty. Tho
sites of his nntngoni.ta, who worn out down by
hie utuhciihtd aharp awotd, hod, owing to him.
(heir hair hanging loose, thoir necklaotm fullen
off from the vicinity of tho mlgcaor thoir hrraule.
and thoir eyra devoid of collyfinm,'* Ilia famo,
liko a creeper, elimha the nnivento whioh i. like
a shod, ae if it hod U*n roared up hy being
watered with tho toara of tho women of Ida des-
troyed piioiohw.

Then hia younger lirnlher NAglrjunabo-
come king, who, in hia anger, waa liko the liiu
of doatruotion to Ida proud foot, and in grace-
fullest liko Kpuhpa to tho courtesan., “ and on
hearing of wlioao Bupcrhuman and «mM.aivo
•Irungth or arm. tho itching of tho anna of h- (
euotiiea for tho battlo-deld g..w, a. it were, to i
Sleep. Tho guardian elophanta of tho rovcrnl
quarter*" of tho onivsrao do not open their eve-,
having thoir flow of rut- water dried up by the
wind blowing over the rut-walor ©f th* lutori-
cated GWAs elephanU" in hia umtchlc-.ruinp,
and liaving their eyre cloaed through ftmr.in ©on-
owjusoooof the apreedlngoflhocxoinairo volume*
of amoko enveloping all tho quartern which burned
IVoin llnioonllagralionof tlMioilicwofliiaciiomie".

After him Ida younger brother M u mm u pi
become king, who wiui Cupid Idinrolf inoamutt,"

•' TI.rot are ..lit to he wren R.*M.i»Ubtrolo, BIMrni.
ftm RtlJp.Si uwl tbn mIhvikc iclu'n ftt 1+J-

•• LiU^mUfi U-r'iiftllh *t" rvimrU cm iVu irfrt.

Tbf** *r*®Il nifcrU of

•• if mmir tV UttiiLM^OtVil KfMW

•• Hf f if lit .ir.trl.tr*. ,* I'bnf

»k»b ii hi Itttti a loarOiw «t |iUiul

" T!im U Ihr UtfV . .1 kina ..f plrphnnU. MppwH to
owl * mu’11, ttrm •Urb ;|»o ••»*•«>.

•• Cuifcl bimwlf i* * H»n ll.«. «Ue| ill ho

IV.

»* Cf. IV. ff». TV# <*rm«<ty ii id' I I**»'»rm»J
nn tlir iKmrl tUv. whirl i* r«w®rO«*l I !•* Attaint* >UJ
for ut.Uut oot oo *m *«iMd«Uoa. Tk* ' j»*rly low U tbf

"SttSJM fSU-s cf. Mr*. Ac. III.

H Or rtwdinn Lb® MwraMlf, r» il m*y I*M

— "t.liuM k*t}»uf frurful iraufJitfOs
* Tli® U»u|ei. Ar. of .bo tUxX it to «»j
** Tbii iK.tin U> k«* bypcrt»iW Ibr r*xi® «

JIK At. like tbi.ni of «kub <Mir \mc* ktnro nninW.

•• 8«* Jour. Do. iir. K. <!»"*■*. »t4. X. j> 3»tt i m4 M.
"f rui.iltle.teeoflheSBfmw, imd.M>«u. outlie

nlm htul dotroyrd the power of hie encmica, and
mi whoeo taking up hie bow after the cvremony
ol ivuvingligbta beforctlvo boron, nvoa Ihomighty
liwlru coat uaiik- hia ytorly bow.** Upon that
Ling Humming an exeolkal body of renown,"
A n 0 n l u p ii I a, the ami of N i g 4 r j u n n, con-
vorsant with tho whole circle of politic!, who**
body waa purilled by thu highrol piety, and who
wa. an ornunont of tho princes of the St I A r a
family, become king. With tho wind-like tores
of hia arm (f) ho ea-t into the Oman of th*
dig., of Id. awoid' 1 tlunw Wicked Ut»|>» of -in"
who at a tlmu of tulafartnna from ivAativcs
that l.ad booame hodilo, hnving obtain. .1 |->wor.
devaatated thu whole Koiikup dial rim. by UroM-
iig god." and HrAhmun. j and Hum bo a friend
of the lord of. . . .lamped hw own famo oa
the (hoe of the moon." While tint nioon-lik*
prince, who .a a wlah-giving jewel to hia frionda.
who ia a Cupid plnuing lo the night of the
fawn-eyed onoa, who « the one Invt* of the
world, in rightooualy proUuliug tl*o wltolo .photo
! ol till! earth, lifter having rid it or oiiotnka .

Now in the Imppy and violorienn reign of th.
illuatriuua AnanUdAra, the ohWf of tho
Mahe.iiapdaUWaa. who by meant of hia own
apinloa! ment liMobUinad tho Are great title.,"
who i. the chief of tho groat SAlnaata. (.«h-
nid.i.if. rb>,/«), who i. born In the family of
J I m A t a v I h a n o, the ti 1 1 »i r u prince, lord
of the csoel lout city of T a g • r a, who bout* of

tho -tuiuUrel of tho Holden Kuglo,"

the lord (P) of UnkA, noneholant In the groat

the Kim of DvotenctUm in Ida wrath

. . , .whole adorned with all tho royal tiUo.*’-

,4 Hr. Il'.tilu'i naC., fiut. del .”I.V |. KU ft ll.rn ll
is. /,„! P.liMcr p 7 !t»la>«m.iwlt<>hi».h»' i a««“*'- 4 lln»

u mi- ItiJ (iui iJ j Uff AS n. VI of ttaliaii, •

K-fi -i-i, v (Uu«vrw*‘"t 1 tie 4 -n-e • ulluUM

Kll’l (/cur H. «■' IT. P. Ml Wi "II -
n-m.rj.lilo tel till. tt» Vila aal IV* Bitiklr. luJadopUd
Hi.. r ,U>ii ttai»l| *• itnlr *J'i«", -ho* IV* ptinw men.

maWuaSSfto L» «b» oU.r

tw~ i. Itetoitk «kii* •<«*" I*

InwriftkaXo X P »•> B. Se-.I.o X.Mti. Bwv..rri --
.,,1. 1 M* INI la Waihsa • taawipUi* X Ci«CT^w..m
»h" l" p ' Bf.t.lcw’. <(•-• !•»
0,1. v p j;“ wptffffnafirfr. «*j ^Iww iU.
mr.il ‘ li«im Ilnlii-uK-d anvmN Ul| C; ' J 1 " 1 *•

Wall...'. r-l.nnf...rJ.Jt t. .V. |. IH) -11.4
t.ec-f Hie oral i .pr-..-;«i t- • >n I '»•*"'

II. Ill.l., ru.l ra lt.il llV l e‘"' l W'!l'l »t-KH-«l III.

■ooi? tinruf file .1 miiwoal* flu* I mol ™ku ■
■> l)i tll.tu I'.ln It ii l'» "r'.' M 'il .maje.'

uf min" (/ If /l .V .I * ";' IX o il-l Th-
px-i... o.-fur* ol / If h. R A.S .ilXIlp 7 1 / u *
-IV I ... f- No 7 -nl No II / I- N. yfc’i. W.. 'ol ltl
f. MS (Snldu-Wtl l~'<- / if. to.. Mil ptjinj
mull. in’* !.> - t.M< , .>yiMt fi.nj-vXq)»J»*ol. VI. I tat- I
At 7. II. U. It. A. 3. ret. XUt. p. 1 U*. HprcHtun »

qinntfw.

THE IHDIAS AyTIQnATtY

(FlBUUAHT, 168(».

Lord of (lie Went era Ocean, the grantlCilbec of
the king, adamantine rngu for i!h-.o con* for
■heller* 1 and so forth— and v* 1 n> rale* w><r thu
wliolo ofilio K o A k > I) district, indading four- •
toon hundred rilkgeiofwliidi the chief id I’urij
bud ewbraoing nu*y prarinen aoi(nired by hi*
own arm: while the gr cut MiuittorSrl Nnuvi-
lakaVdanidn boon tho bunion of anuictio*
ah>ut Ihii kingdom," ond iho groat JliniMOT of
peaoeand worn It m hi b li a « l «. while in llwfirit
m k at tboTreusury ii t|>o gnat Minuter I'lidli i-
■ ana* 4 Sri MahAdtvaiya l'mbhu,
wlnlo in tho wooed rank i* Ilio MlniiUir S r 1
S n in n n a i y a I* r a b h u | whilo aaoh in the
ruling adminliUallon,*' lh«t illuntrioua Mehl-
mawjakdrare king Annntnddv a,announoo.
with inluUl.ocii, honour, napoo!, and direction*,
lo nil prinnM, oouooillors, pried-. mui .lorn.prin.
eipal and tubordiaeio ofll »'n,— both Ihiiao non*
norted with Umaolfand otbum.** n.nlw all head*
of n Mlw, load* of t.A.iyu," hood* of town*,
hneiUof villages, ruyelolGuuU *1100 iblly appointed
or mil/' oounlry pooplo, n» well at low nnpcoplo
of Ilia town llan) « m a u a“ of Iho Ihroo clan*:-,
and ao forth ; “ 111 it known lo you, Ihnl on tho
Unit day of Migha SuddLo, falling in ilia jtur
Ublm,oaOlhoinainliiiidil*lot’i((ii,rfyniM> 10)0
ynartuf ilio Auk a king having ulupuod, the Uaiii
niAvVallha. tho iUiiiinoun AnanladOru, Ilio
•mporor of thi K o ft k a p. Iim ro|. «m-l llao toll
monlioned In thii nnppnr.grani given by Iho 8 1-

" Till* ml lalmol bj »n,u « i ■ .,i v.

lawr. H. A»d <1. «i 'll Ui- Win /.-> .t-l. wd. V. p »,*

•• (if Ui»M|>tMieii luAlk A. It. ML V, Inwr. *

- Mni mm bike eo IhW bl J. a. a K. A. * '<* XII.

tn>,J.IUi H.A.S toll XII.
p au In w-r So.r bl i k .1 ». v*L v. xrrrcifii
(lut Im.bt llril PWt') ••■milobrbB-r-.ail.Tl .

" ThU nor •l>dr to I In w-jr.li r.UtMinu ll»» mi -ill u

II) thftUt Uttl Jo.

•» M. Ml. syA. V. mh 111 113, !«?. t«: *W> J. B» A
It. Ml V. p. .151 1 J. IT. U. R. A. .1. V«l. X . *

•* Omf the rtfcrrfJ U lull brt nub*. t1ur>

1 ub«* faifT unl^rftW Oi l» 17 STIC V •lii' , »

imoaUUI/ MUmm <db "*I hv .* m huri t . JiiUaftLA
Wmii Vh^J»*H«rti n mi| 1.1 b**

i«m« UK«a tpKiAlly «mlDUl4 hr t><» i >rtr*l O^riiwpl

uni UiiM «bu !>»! In, i^vbflf^by rifbt rA InliivAMo*,

« lloiOittnJwUwliVi*. Tb* IWH «^TQt4

%\ A *4. fU V. p wu uni Jjttffe Kd.inrrAav r<A |.

P ‘“ It il bdW-'rthj IW bri .lu«nk..| ..

bl mm 1 Xnklm' b,.J 'Sr-.UUW
BMUptlb »l«>. lU nomOir nf dm rrait Cl,..> r » .1
KW.ii b.<h eft'll nr OmklAI, ini r.,, )U «U4-‘ pr>.

Iwlnraf tbeflbj.' Kp

•• Thoreaubmabonld .»»"-»(!, h. 7*J^uib.e.-*,r.
AB».K.i1.«.*o1.l P 0l7ir) *bd *» an wipohUftpl phto
dlwhUb lUwbwn (orLWn.1 «1, .ilk . t wrg , .ul not

1 a r u h, in rcupoct of every cnrl Iwbrnging to two
ponottb,— tliogwnt Miuiitor Sri II )i a b h n na
S r eu h (h 1 ,'“ the »o:i of tho givM ilinioter
Dq rga ■ rAalil III of tlw glorious Vali pa-
van n," and hi. Inolher Sri 1) li a n a m a 8 r 6-
■ lit lii, tho gruil miniotoi of peace anil wnr,—
which may oouw ini" nny of Ilio porta, *’ Sri-
S I h i\ n n k a, in well iwNdgapur, Sorp a-
i n k s. 0 li onill I i.nnd other*, includod within tho
lv nit in I'uurteoii Handrail, *’iu well as llmloll in
rewpovl of lira ingraaa or ogrre* of Ihrwo who

carry on tlw twinon* of ,0 Thin

all mil In proaerrad (i.e. enafiuunf) nl~i to (hair
bona, graniloona, Ac. Srdahlhl I’ linamn,
HrAahllil K u <lu k nla. Sreshlhi III-
layyn, and m forth. Till* Ins boon pro-
cured by SrldW l’i*ni)it who w itdtinnnl at
It i y a » A r, and graliloo the illmtriiNia Anon-
l a d A t a, tho Raiporor of tho Kofckaf), 11
Jbmrlu.

•'Tho 81 lhn rn wrotolho Into Ool Mcndow*
Taylor in 1870." “ were local prince*, trllra-
lury lo thu Chiilukyna. Tliwr torrltorioo lay
aixmnd Kolnpur, whioli wa* than their nepi.
tal, and their inscription* upon tcmjilos and
copper Whlet grant- prof* Ihrni to havo hnhl
vitunalve, th'iugli not imrlup* indopnndotit, *way
oror a largo portion of what I* aow *tylod ill*
Sontlicni Maruthn Cupntry. An inaorlption of

k. n. 1138 *n n mo nit oi eight *nccea*lon» up to
tbofonmlornf live family, which would plucullioir

lb* odglnal— whlokbttwtwa Oi Ihi liruml, >.f lb* Kllfma Ui

•Mill tip |itbl" it J. B. II. It.A.H.rA

• vl .limli 11 furl In- "Ibll.r In C.U iilnl* In r.imnna-lnt
Midi ll.i IliJi'nliVnt ml -inline -llh dm KlIAnov nrw
uftlw |»Iimi« 4 it ili -'rilud a* >if*uitnrr>T t"i
ijggg, «l» k I.liiil.- tk.ll qf*r*»!TT * ,,, "" tlm •••-

o • In nin*lair lamirn li lb* I A it., dm plio* it

Mile I «f-T*nr. Mir It btbWnlili il w l‘> Ilio IVklpatmU,
« l.-lUr. nitli.p. lb IWUpatua -ircnli ,e.n| wnHllTilr
In tlm r..irWm/t»r V-’Vlt'ion A>i .mm I'tolrmr'
Hio /■•/. .Inf. ml. VIII. p. If-

•• THi nrin...l li ^TTW, wWA Ihin'lt IlharMnMI <M
tnM *io m<mf.M 1 |.nt.’ Tho word umub tho Um <|uAd
Id Um Ixl ii to.

" nlliL- > nf i™~. H-n »lr rmt . iwerlnUab
ill till. Jou-mI |iiwim. Th.woil h-mn. will iu m Iho

l. rt -uilniai' III tlmpkiln revt< Kiabin iv-r ml./ Knnhia
— in n mil -t i K>«> m In dm KnfiUi Kairew
p. I , V al.. .«■»• IWo nil. II. P-MI i C-f*n ? -U I. p.
,t,.,in-l.r;*i.ar...i . 1 .IA. 11 . liel ..p. IV. turn.
IV. n. jr.l. iiC.lt. rofnrrril 1 1 i"rl ,..1 I'AnUt 'iimUM
XIV. II. ..-. .I. I l.v l»r. Ilium UAH nl J K B.KA » vnl.
VII p . ID 1 bit Ui.A* I. VII. 1«

•’ Tlm orliink) Ii which IdoaotwnW-tanil. Cm

U lib. ■ Inr eonuoilov with tho MnrWl.i «|"J dlf V uo.l «*a
it mun »iiinr( liini l*bo 1 a dintut by Y

!» M rvaaarkaU) thu \\* e ^tnin. none* tb^a
fami ib§ wbkh nr* u«ml

injnmmU, uni u<^i InUinl^ir OViIt of Ibf iot*»

1 <i> n?l b»Aj<a bc»# tin U lo lf» KWO»H ft*T.

•» &CuilAl*f Xki+uil UiiUrj 0 / India, p. 71

Fiitrt&T,

A SlUBA COPPER PLATE GRANT.

origin nlwut 007 ». o." In the litflit i>I the in-
formation which wo now paucM, (hi- it not
nllogi'thor arrarntn. Ami, indeed, it u obvious
that Culonel Taylor in thin postage only refer* to
one branch of tho Silira** d jaunty— tho hnivch
to which tlio various inscription* found in ami
about KnlhApnr appertain. There arc, however,
three dilfoioiit bnaachc* of that dynasty* dini'loaml
in the various documents at p rental aconwiblo,
Tboos document* were discussal prvtly fully
by Paptjll PhngvinlU IndrAji in a paper in tho
Jour, liomhay Ur, It, Asiatic lioeisly ( 1877 ), vul
XIII. pp. Iff. Ho thorn distinguishes tlirvo dif-
ferent brunches of this dynasty, which, lorortho*
loot, appear to have flourished cuiilcinpomno-
oualy. Tim grant bafovo us belongs to tho flivt
branch of Pni)*Jit UhagvtalAI. And tho sc rio* of
kings, aa it uppears in this grant* in »%h follow*

1. Kapardi I.

2 . PukAikli

8 . Knparal 11 “ (dokft 77 .V 7 W)
4 . Vatpuvanna

(Saks H:iH)

0 Ooggi

7. VnjjiuUili

8 . A|.«i«jitu

Ud.'rn

>• v -iH

o.Mra II. 10 . Arikomrt

11 . C)iliittnr\ja 12 . Nitg.lrjiiiia IS* Mummnni

fSoU !H 8 ) | (Safea 1 H 2 )

14 AnantailAra ( 8 . 1010 )

Apiridii'jTi (&ak* IIM)

M Till* lame in Minify »l»fT r'nl fur** it Oin

w»un laser iptbim width so »*»w j» »«»•*•*. In It* lint* ft
tAls 9*(. c/ b •%«toy> %.*L Itt |». tn», lV»* tinu a
I. II. IWKIV. I'l.l. II.. f— - - 116 m .. .HI

u MiUAIm. I . Wi.IImV. l'lnl. N. IV'. (/. ». A.

IV .ft Wlj II.. furiu. .r. riillyfn (<|»*ry -hHlif. • 1 . 1 . 1 .

% mi.li.hu U II.. uinraTintf ...... Ill- oi.l

HiUklra. I. im. mr» pl.W, rt i. Kllftro nml 8lUm, <wlil.li

o«, Ml An wVil. V cvrnn oom, U •

b«iv.I.|. R..< »l... J. II II n.A.S w 4 .l.p.;i r.; II A.'.

Tul. II. M. VI k *14 1 . 1.1 IV. B. 110 Mill nUti tlura ...I

..... « .'Utaia mill oiiaru.

aA V ko Hut »*»»') i Srllrtr.h, whi.\ rcrunoor*. U i*.hiWt a
■Wfvn.li. fl.%? it.r. /. n. n n. A.S * 4 . |. p. U 7 : J it A <.
tub It. tv- V*k Ml fill IV. p. Ill) I till oUil Hutu Mil
d. m whwn 47% *«pUvOmn of the uir».i ii Mr.

NnrMil«n;«ctl|i UtedTtMtr tho 8ilhAr JfiiRatv. It wav
he trr* Rililial mu l>r. UiCitnbaMiflM ■

! l, .« 1 «» 1 i> , f <| ° the fiur c M. Airl th.» Kdaldrai" At

J H U ll. A. f. boI. XII p. *tt. «r %|i<nL.int .4 tW I #., m
U irtwt of oie vs a i.rawh .»f tV. „tbf<. U 4r«th,
M m tho ratio of a dynA.tj ut »lt.

“ FM.II H WW.w^AsatliNffiaiiaati.ai.S.
to . IV P l^,*>««.lim«urrcotjcf.4loy.^ 8)

»ul. IV. ^ 10.

Il will bo observed that this coincitlm
with who! i* dol ucihlc fmm Dr. Bu biers
riklc. M H«>*fur ith it goes. Tho firai king of lb it
i or feu — for J i m u t a v ;l h a n a and J 1 m A t a*
keta cannot lo looked up; m tin libtoriml,—
would appivvr to l\avo llaarinhcd tuainwhcts
about tho beginning of the Mi century of thn
Ctirbfiin eta. The third king K a par d I II. is
ident till by Ihiwlit BhagvAnlAI with tho M K a-
pardl. . . meditating on tho U« of Pula-
na k tV who ii mentionrtl in two of tho K119.
Iiori lnacrip4(ons. M mid tho idcntifWatMio may
accepted uitln.ul hcMtution. It nflunU u
very suf%i m id tangihlo Uwit (br tla chronohigy
uf tho 8 1 1 4 r a tlyna* 4 y Pmylit BhagvAnUI
givoa tho Siku year 7 ilu at tho dato of tho ttmt
Kapurdl. Tluit appetuu to bo an infitronnn
ftsim tho dato of tho second Kapurdl. allot*,
lug twenty ymm u*piiH)0 to Iiin two prtdwcataori.
Tint infrrrnnt is not inndnn%iihU», oipecially
having ivgarl lo Iho fuel tlmt tho Kuiilirri
fnnrriplion of Saka 7 7 A *p^ik* of tlm n trendy
flourishing ami victorious reign of K a par d I
If. ft in nut nnliktily. Indued, that the rrlgn
ofKapardl I. commenced noinowliat carlnir
even than tlm year 733 of llio .^ka era.

Of Clio kiugR who oamo after Kapurdl II
none mpiiitii any noltos hero till wuesmoto
Aparajiln the ton of V a} j 0 r)n <1 %W a.
With ngtfil to him l)r. (I lliihUr writm an
follows" i “ It is alio probable that a king bus
boon omitted Imttvocn ApurAjii* and Vaj-
jaejad^va II M or at feast tlm nml native
of A par Aj ita has been ItA out, for the
verso in which tho names of K otidAva sad
V aj j a JadAra oooor is mutilated." Tlisra
Is no reason, howeror, to snppoio any such
otnis 4 mn in ivir plate an there in in that oo
•• U, I t-lt r • \ ; 1 ,5
•• J.B.H.R.A.6,nl XIII T^n.l!

•• /sd. 4 *f. nJ. V. P f;;. A wimr* ru«h» t% be mu\*
•a Mm; Zaiao. Ilo spicun t< -b?tb* Me r »v#i<jntP4 by the
AnWn r^srapher MwO'Ui at Hftiinp •! 8 »; mnr U WO
A.f M »««V4l iUU« tU»f Uico% vrre ICgOI Nnmlntanf in
8»m»ur, suit ll»»t tho kira* %*rrr ttt»4«r Um
•h *1 In i th » title of /VnMt «rl»#n vi«?i%l Ik .
tit. ib> M*v*iud a'td I* «b* (ViHIV*, U< ff ir •* .•’•h*.
bit. IK. Rt. HVV7 ; U"l9l+k P I ||. fOM

Dr. lXit;«inliA *4 il.?' ill* ut >»ti Mj. *ii> "J iiijs" *i\h

tv>* Altai 1 | ir \J n i i.

tub XU p. a:.! i« ii <4 trf I t 'I t ‘.if* A IM idler
fTttlil. *><ll trlf-mn Ju'ljt \i\ A ill tuu A4*„ "OllllnfO.
riin" )it»l in III*" % n. I mk tiio t'lW npjotltinviy of
•»%t ivr i Wit I »*i iniKhl/tl t » l)r IliUmiWi raicci ki tbr
J f i. H, K t. v f.ir rtft* i«u 4 1 » sailed tho aotknrrti**
o*linI Bj»*n in iSm ro’i/r. CWicr <4 the
I fr.i*» Mr. Nasr. '• h* A* •. fnwn eliloti Dr.

DkCoaba *>»mi D U%v v * 4 t mmi of Uli lafiatoali^u.

40

the isdian astiqoary.

[FiDaoint. 1£80.

wLicK lhc*ii ohiurratioot were mode. Ami
•Jlhough lliu imubcr of ilitniu ik'vultd to
A pnriij i t* U relatively larger lh#n lliu nwn-
Iwr devoted Co any of clu oilier pri.ow oxoqil
I! h )i i 1 1 n r A j a an I A n ■ n l a <1 A v a ; Mil »l-
tfioagfc, loo, tburo M *kuj littU donbt at In llw
mmiiing of a pari of <m: of Iheio obinxai ; mill
lliuru ii nothing huiu I.) Hii'vji-il Uni nUlcnoo
nf any pmicv in Clio M'ivim Ixiwivn Ilia I wo
V it j j a <J ml oilier than Uni ono p/ino'

ilinenUvl in tlui »t ma*. iu quail ion. It limy,
porh.pe, aUo bo noted ua u point luadiug lo Ilia
uma infcreaim, that thoieooud V a j j a<) a d A v a
»*«. in all likelihood, the grandvin of llm Amt;"
ami therefore, too, though il in, of onree. quite
jio-uilile, il ia nut protuhln, Unit botwoon lliu
two VnjjQiJadAvoe, llwro was any ollwr print-u
than llio unu wo liavo monlionoiJ in our lint
NVIial nan llm trim name of that prinen, U
|niilni|i>ii ipinalioi |iriniml<ii)f aonioitlMl jfriulor
ililHaully. I>r. IWIilor douliU if A pnrAjll. i»
llm trim n auto In another plaoo, ho »iy* i " I Ted
■omowliat iloulv.fal alnul llm minto of llm king,
whleh alonu among an many Di4a forma it pare
Hun»k|lt. Hal il nrem* lo nio impum-Uo In refer
llm (no vi »ln V a j j ml ail lira II. innnl mini
in vur*o 10, mu I Aparijlla it the only mini
which mi ho lii’.in fur a nanm. Perlmpe it it a
liraitj." 1 * I own I do notfool mnoh prwwd by llm
motion horn ip rcnliy llr. BUhlor forhlaonnelation.
In tlie lint aboro tel forth by hi, »r lure llm nuitni
A par Adilya, And n top & U or Anon-
I a ih' v a, N A x A r j n ii n. aid wo may add A r !•
knar I and Kapardl, whioli are Sunk fit
nanwa undoubtedly belonging to prinocn of Urn
SlUra dynaity. At thoenma lime, I agree tlml
A partjita in in nil likuUhooJ. only a btiailn.
Purhapa Ihu name it Srt It Am a. The mm
ponud of which il form* pail, via. «f,f*t<«ni|
T*'A (iho plain in Ihu .leAito Itmankw kcuu
lo retd SlfkWlSOk) i* not qnlh oipliuit. And
I do not think, therefore, Halt we am yut in a
pixiiim lo aelllo tlio i|iK4liuu. Hal wo may, I
think, mtVIy rojuot lliu lrandiUion in cho d.iafic
BototroAer which rendort il nt Iho 1 king Sri
BiruiUtika 1 .** The vrliolo tlauat require* a very
■ • , -

” V ] lv *• »

** Tk* l|4 villi ,*» i« „Wr n I In pUftO IbfTj
it <vm»!t>l ¥% (bit tr»*4it,tn. I biay. u itaf*, ^

** ♦«r*t w vwy Cut«»rTTn.v •’ill l>f II |liif r iv

Vm ffonra* un tie* p»i*r i* iho KntMfth*j |fml.

4nl. TOl. > p tjil biiliirtll/UiPi.riuimlill.-.fmn^i now
Uprx«ir«Jtiu»x^ 1 iu|uir»r« mi lo lor Oihu iuTbuw.

coiMtiloniblo amount of farllier duciJaliaii— for
whiiib tin* lilt’ll nccv^fliblu to uh at (iruhviit aro

not nt all a»l»'f]tMtc.

W« nt*xl to ihu Kmic A r i k o a u rl, wImi,
we niw a v nay withciTtamiy,* 1 i^bloutiW with tho
KaiiJAva of Dr. Ufihlcr’* pinto. It in not,
however, any to uinler-Unil wliat traiiHnetion m
ntfemtl to liotv in uoiiKirxuiu with Simuiivum,
Unit So m vara uii'niin llw fumoc* Soinarnltli
which tf iveotfoniimi in thin century lootieof l^ird
MaenaUy'n biwt onihmm, there can, I think, be
little doubt. In a ntoiir'idiib Imoription now
ill the |MAi0«*itii \A tlw DoinUiy Hninch of the
Ibiyul Aniiitia Society, nit l ap|icrtninin^f to
tin* time of the S 1 1 A rn kin# A |> n r Ad i tya,
who ftianiU la«t in our liM, tho M Qod SanmnAth
of Sur*il»|tu M i« ilUtinctly wfrrrcd toappar^ntly

a fayonrito deity or tho S I U r a nV Th®
fmnt iu the wliloh Uby A ri.

k a «n r 1 liimtailf, might havo been fairly «*|*oU
c»l to M|i hr on tlili point. Hut tlw aUtnai thoro
Afipmr* to Vuivo liuen klonticul with tho ono in
our plate, thongh tho tmiMlutioti b very defec-
tive and erroneous

On Oh II i 1 1 ar A jit nothing nrc«l ho mmI,
firthor tlinn ihal, if wo may mfely judge from
tho nu tober of rUhxm voforriag to him in onr
jdnto, lio appear* to bare had a living reputation
oven in A u a n t a p A l a’* doyi. Wo next OOtn®
to N k g A r j u n a. Ho apponm to bo probably
ilonUool with the prince of that non* roforml
t-i in itivription So. 17 among Urn Knlliipur
Inscriptions in fho volunio bjr Mftjor Ora hum
oil KolhApiir among the f /event men/ .SVhvi/iiat.
It irt didlcnll to m|m \k on the (mint with any con-
Ailcnec, Nvnitv? J nni unable inyw If to read tlio
text c>r tho marription, and a friend whom I
aoniultai about it ia idao unaMe to aflhtd me
anj help. I hare themfore only tho atuUuucnt
of tho “ RuManoo" of tho inHcription in Mujor
Oralmm'R volume* At tho tame time I ought
to mention, that M^jof Graham ranks Niger-
; u ii ii among the rulers of one portion of M t he
principality of K o I h ftp u r H — anil appntvntly
places him between the year® 1218 nud 1235 a.i>.
Huton tin* laat point I am not quite oertnin.

M Ml OhoffvhitAI *a)v coly “ may U> ibo n«..i“

•* T**» *7taa] ®ranl lb»cn nppr«r«, kower^r. to fcrf by one
• Mrl LUitMfb N4|Ok. .n uf DXUbar lilyak." It L«
Ii.il . I dH <*«y lo Itulpbav f.lUy. ThH rnntiir (■ fkimlml
a* M iukfiniU u. Un» Kf*al «4aWic, *ml lb- mint ipati of
ernTt^^THr»r^*4?T. i»«aAvd ,, s*n i .otii<o. r<ita.
Irtfi Ai«v 4tnr OUanra Swidl*. 0 SLala>. M

Ftamm. 1B8\1

A SI I .AH .V COPPER PLATE GRANT.

•11

Tim noil prince in llic lino is M n m > n n i,
as he in cnll«*l in i lie plate before ns. In lie Am-
LmiitlK inscription whieh record* a grant modo
by n king of tbo HilAra dynasty llm king
call* binu.ll' M a in van i." Ii in not, 1 .think,
n eery buld proceeding lo identify lliul M A in-
v Ini with our M n ill in ill) I. Tbo itatiH am
luMoguiuat tlio identification, uml purhapa M Ala-
vAni wiu iho nal name of titu king, which
mu nli.ir. il for therakoof Ike metro intotho
more smooth and euphonious one which we lliul
in the plain before us If Ihii identification in
oormoi, Dr Mublrr'a suggestion,** that the oor-
wt name of (hi* prince i- V ii g i, op|x«rs to
be untenable-

Thera are one or I wo oilier point* aim, of aomo
importance, which our plain enables us to dolor-
mine Anally. INarnJit IlbngvinUI, in Ids remark*
on the AmbaroAlh Imwriptiuii, hod suggested ibni
M ii in v * i.i i «aa probably t he eon or aucneaiar
nlO hli it Lari j a." When that Mflpftion
was made, the nmloriaU for deciding tlio point
w ere very fur lYom being fell. Our plain, how-
ever, now aelllni the queaUua, in ii «vay Ihm,
riiunlly willi I'antjil IllmgvnnhVI'a angg.-lioii.
account* for the fact* on which that saggoiliuii
«va*hn*ml. P*i<Jil IlhngvAnUI, in liio piper
nfetroi! Ii\ argued from the iilonlity of 11*1110
of 01*0 of Ilia nltlivn nielli iiineil in the Amhnr-
mllli lu-rriplkin mill in Dr llublor's pinto,
tlmt M it m v A |i I wa» peobuhly neon or ur-
ruMar of Uli hit 1 11 ri ja. A aimilar argu-
ment may be ueeil in anpporl of our identifica-
tion of M 11 in m u y i and M AravAoi. Forth#
Pint Iroixl of tlio Treasury, If wo may ■> call
him, in M AmvA a i'otimo- -M*h Ad* vnyya"
— continue* t<i bold the oaino oflloo, at 1 ho time of
our pinto alao, a cirenm.Uneo stremgly indlmlivc
of a chine clironologexil prupiiupiiiy between
M A m v A 11 i and A n 0 n l n p A I a. It i« also
to bo noted here, that the high nlRoo* of state,
mentioned in our pinto an having boon held by
MuhAddvnyya and the others appear to lmvo boon
enjoyed by those “ anuthi'mcr." for a very
ruonderabie pcriuil. For wo non «omo cyyur
mentioned an for lmck ns in Lho grant. ofArikA-
• a r l in the Atinlic IUtM foies, 1 ’ whieh in tlie

* /. B. H. X. A. ml. XII. |K MB.

•• J II. B. It. *. .v . i„l XI I. rain. Sro. p. 53 .

» “• « d. A., ml. XII., p..lM.

•* J II. R II .t. vJ. XII . 11 . 310 .

•• Vob“ni e’ , iJ.i. pp Kl '

•• 1. R fl. It. A. A, «l. XIH., p. 17.

enriicut wo lmvo among tho grants tlmt record do-
tails uluul the prriol lo w Inch they belong. Tlio
next prill 00 in our aerie# is A n a n I u p 11 1 u or
AiuuiliulAra, tbo grantor in ihc plain loforo on.
Tlio civil alrifo, whieh ia referred loin the vermis
devilled lo him, i. one about which no other in-
furiiiuliou D al preu-it auressible, unlem, iodootl,
it iv os Iho beginning of that conflict which ia
referred to in a boost mode m the grant piihlnhrel
in the Tniu*o.'f.i"M of lAo JYow&iy Lilerarg
SuaiWy.** With reference lo ihol grant. Pnnijit
III.agvdi.Ul any* 1— “ The V i j a y A r k a d A r a of
this branch in dutarited a* having ro-oUiiblishod
1 1* sovereignly of Ibe dothroiMid king* of the
province of 8th inn ka and (i on, This .liowa
that lux rmtored the lost power of the two lirandm*
of hi* dy natty, via. «hm llrsl at T h A g A, aid the
second at G on.’ ** Thu original fully boar* this
out. VijayArki, however, appear* to have
reigned about the tfnkn year 10W, The OCBUT-
rum*, therefore, lo which reference is made
in one plate eannol have boon lluma in which
VIjnyArka look pari Hit it i. not impest-
aiblo tlmt, although A n a at a p Ala boaata ol
having Hd the oountry of his foca, who »ppo»r
to hare been aomo of hi# own kinsmen—
iMyAlii— there muy Jmvo been a renewal of
llm didnrtmncw after the llaka year lOlfl, re-
•idling in that m -fortimo t*. tlmThinA SllAru
fiMiu which VIjnyArka mcuud lliwit But, on
the other luviJ, wo enmiol, iu Iho pro-rat >Ute
ofonr nwleriali, uomu to any conclusion on llioto
qaosUona.

Oftbo porlml bid ween AnantapAla nn.l
ApnrAdlt.va, thn Inil prlooo monUooed in
our series we know at praoent very little.
Paiulit IllugrAnUI in Hr' Ihouglil, tlmt lh«
gap botwoou MAmvApirAja and A par A-
ilitya in tho genealogy of Iho Ural branch,
might bo accounted for by the destruction of (lie
sovereign power above alluded to.’® We have
scon, however, that the gap i* not aolarg* a onn
as llm Pandit nappomd. Oar plate bring# cor
in fori nation down to llm 9nUyeur 1010. A pa.
rAdi-lyu appear* lo bar# icigned'' in tho
.4<«ku year 1 liW. How long boforc that j«nr hi.
reign bn. I coiamenoeil it is no* yd pomible bi

'• J. 11. 0. 11 A. S. ml. XIII.. p. I?. Uiwipmi aim
.nU» No. tu XII . e U llir lliiht.r).

"Tlx- aaiuratlni at Prof. I

’> Tlx- iwav-tina of Prof. WU-mlJ. U. A./, ml II. p.
(Viuatol bj Mr. S.lraMAi.wl.m ,, 7), *I»I >■» Ur. U-Cuulu
i J. II It. II A. S. rot. XII. p. 5 tt I. -olinily URMilul

Iiy 1U1 isforiBilito ghm bj Dr. Dililiv.

1.’

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

Trnm ,m. Ift*<

•ay— on bill, iJio Parol Iiifcriptioonniitlmaluna
*lu»i inftcriptk.n ntivadr inciilioncd n-Unigin the
powmion of tin! Itomlny llnwrli of tho Koval
A, iBfio Society dm dated in thoaiuno year. Dr
Holder** .Icon*.'. if Tour in KiUmIs alfunU

m. however, *oroo further information on thin
lioiiii For it nppi-ora that a work ooinpnxd in
KniUtlr hrtw.cn I13A and 1145 *t>. make*
H’l'oiviifle loan “ »mln«»dorof A |i a r & il i lyk,
king of t lie KoAkan*,"" named TAjnkanlha.
lu'in « then in K>i»uilr. If m, I think, wo niuy
.afely (Ultimo that AparidKja oonnot hkvoc.w.
m>«iW to mign much Inter lluu IUI »,t>. or
1057 of tho i'aka era." Ai.l then the hiotoa in
oar 8 1 1 A r u liiU n|>|ieurn to Iw redui'od to
vorymodeat ciirowuwaa, mdttrf, via, •ooiorly
forty yearn,

Iftliuw *ivnmenUandcoiKilu<ioiMara oorroot,
it in diffiroll to trial the buiial of V i J a y A r k •
in II r. Tny l<ir‘n I mu-rlptinn n» of any greuimaluo
than a rhetorical lhim.li At tho ln.r, il can bo
only a v.-ty great rxigfirration of a very amull
hlntonoal fan how tho now .UmU:—

Acvor-linjj to Dr. Il-hlrr# kovouhi, whleh np,
|mir» (imn imr |rou<nt unituriul* to In perfectly
iwirct. A pa rAil i ly a mn-t liayi aiiwwlid
in |Im> tliiiMii m any ma« l» font tho t^aka jxwr
ItlfiH," aid In opp'iim lo liavo Hill born on
tin throne in the flaka your 1 109. Now Ok n.
,| a r A it i t y a, Iho immodiato prolocnoor of tho
V iy a y A r k a -In, claim* to Imvo re oMaliluhod
tin- 'I' li A v A Hilar,- on tlu-ir throne, me.
tnlnlynigm.l till tlmAiknywir 1058. The flrat
iliiruminl of V iJnyArkn'ariHgn that il aooan.i-
Ido ton- in dated in tho.Snkn your 104," Vij»y»
therefore cunnot Itaro Iwgtin foreign much if at nil
I* tore A p a r n d i t y a Tho Uni date in hi* reign
ihM wo know 0 f in the S*ku year 1078, Mill the
Hnl in that of h in wimwir llliojndcrn If in
1 101, ho that ltin reign Bit at Iirvo cloned til
Uu*t inglit year* prior to that of A par A i! i t y a.
WV have, Oirnfaiiv. tliU mutts— The whole
period or tl>e reign or thin V ijny it r k u- who
rlaima to luro recttablUlird r ho I h i ml 8 il .V
ra a, m itarlf cover*), or UCOrl/ oorcred, by the

‘ Tl« OuabUfM tmkit A|ar*li*y»'« n mi n wry
"f* ten* or k! )xw*. n III lb cri I, !K4hIuf «n
OOe lndlAUiiial ill u |.u>r W rrJ*uinr mort
tlpn M #*a«b Mk« 0«w Ul«* bitfkul ur J,„„
XIV . *4 Iromc.

’• Vhe ^ u wlM Or. Hublc* Utribi*«tb»
Kbftff work allwloA U>uIk**.

M Z**j i t h. K.A.S r ai(l..p u.

•• y /«. » K A ^wl.xil.p. w.

reign of one of thcao Si liras thnmiwlwie Th**«v
wo Uien r »t aoettvi to mo, thwo altomntiw
explanaiions of tbeao facto cither tlkiix? wax u
revolution in Uio k ingtlom ofirlStliA n u k u
between the SAka yc*r* 1058 nml 1000; or the
fttatcnwmt in UhojodOv a'« pinto U u nitnxi
rhoioricol flouri*)i having little or no hiitorittil
Kiaia ; or A jm r A d i l y u do$* not U lung e*»
•lilx brunch of the 811 ir a dynnaty. Tho
third alternative may, I think, Iw a um manly
rcjooUxl, botli uo tlw ground* a.ldueod by
I‘ant)it nimgvAnlAI, 1 * and on tliogroonda of the
connexion of thU Aparijitya with the town nf
ThAo*V r ami the ooincidonco of aumlry »•*.
pNMlioiU in Dr. lluliler'a plate with exprem*
uioiii in tlw Parol KnaorfpUon and tho atom*
alab inaoription obluinitd at \ h i\ n u, now in
the poaicuaion of the Uoinluy 1 1 lunch of the
I loyal Aaiatio Sueioly. Thu Ucu aUtod by
Dr. DAliktv 19 in liia noootnit of hU KAAmir
tour nlao eorroboroto that oonolualoi. Thoflrat
iilemailfe ftlao appoaro to mo, I own, upon
tiio facta ac4 forth alwvo, nu extremely doubtful
ono. Tho aooftltd altomativo appoaro to Iw I bo
lonii. iinprolablo of lint thr Il i* not niMc^nry
to rejmit till* bl ut mi. ml in llhojailrva'a gnuit m«
albigoiher a myth and iinliintorloul. It i-.
IWrhapa, only an exaggerated ntatumrnt out «f

cMnipliiiwmt to tho gmator'a line of tho aeccottr

ofTordod by V(|aykrk% to hU Itrothrvn at I’hiinA
In Mno local, (wiaibly dynaatio, dlatnrlMinoo,
auoli aa U rofomnl to in wir plate in tho vtfrani
duvotoil to AnnntnpAU. I nmat mid that tlicrv
art Iwn ntlior puaxilalit iri not puntinl by tlu»
altornafive* niuntinnol, via ,!linf A pnrAdllyn
lilmavll' vtliy tint Imre In I nil ntiintiwnipteil
ivign, or that Dr. llilhlor*« «Ute for tlm K-tamlr
work to whioh ho reftmt n*%y U* orronooua.
No ovldonw ii available on either point* nml wo
rnu*t I nave both lien? without further diaciKnion.

W f r have now gone through the whole tmin
of jirinoin of Die S I I A r n dynaaty nt piyuont
known to u* The aurioa appeal* to bn complete
save for Iho period intervening liutwocn t ho reign
of A Bint a p a I a and A p a r A il i t y I f

” NVkU4 U M|ir««aly ninitiuMl in tlw ifcMN-altb in

a?ri|ith9« rdiTRsl i.»,

*• J b H K. A. S. tKstfa No.) ml. XII. mi. il. W.

P.mjlt 1 D«htIoU1 Vu$ alMlv ntliltimi f .»

Win> ttili ApwAMp ur AjuWirk* to lm tbr iuih wl. .
ha4 ffi?m till narnu to tin Mtnm.«»Ury

Yujiiivalkin {J I*, il. R .1. S. r*. Xtt t» XV , i ..... too.
K.tra N«» |i 6S>. Dr. RYito Xn« ptnutdj nut *li»l

r 'irfca l» rkal b# an *&t-Vr pf Hip batrsemf of tin
etater, \J. It. ft. B. 4. +A IX. n

Kunu-iiu, ISS'K J

A S1I.ARA COPPER PLATE GRANT.

one miiy judgo from iho ovWcmoo now available,
it ia probable that tlicro wcro two kings hot wren
l Ixisti two. lint upon thi* point. Mil on Iho
[•lint relating lo the revolution above icfcrrvd
to, further material* muni ho awaited.

Tliont in ono question of con*idcrahhi intense
which in now .ntisfuctnrily settled l»y tho jdato
before u- In 181 !!), tho Into learned Dr. llhiu
llijl, having read before the 110111)111)’ lliutmli of
tint lloynl Asiatic Society a piper ivgaixling tho
iturriptiun at A tu h n r 11 A I li, a ahoit dimes-
■ion look [ilaon concerning the date of that In-
acription anil of tho AtubarnAth Tiroplo. Mr.
Ilurgriw pointed out tho arolii too turn! diflkunlty
in accepting tlm date of tlm inscription, M road
by Dr. HliAu, a* giving the oorrcct ilnloofllio
TetnpV, anil Ito rvfirroil ul»o to Mr. I'orginmnn’a
■•pinion on tho point- l>r. Hhtn di—mted from
tlniBO opinion*, nml cxpiwHed lilninclf t-i tlio
odtHit, lint from the character of lira loiter*. In
wouhl aaalgn tho ln»oripilon— ami rontieqimoily
tho Toniplu iilmi — lo tlm ninth c«'ittiir> **' «. ",
In IH 7 <! Pandit llliagvAnUI gave n rovi*.d
transcript of tlio Inaorljitloii. and hmmIo out tin
dale to b« !'«2 instead of 7«2 a* Dr. llhiu IMjl
hail mad it." And in tlio dJacuaalon upon tlio
P« 0 <)it'» |«sper, 1 urn reported n* haring observed
"that them was no ilouht nliotil tlm numerals
in the II i'M (vi* . I Anil.iciiAtll) itiwiriptinn"—
tlm ilti arrived at being i'nn<l«tii’d hy an an-
piihliilmil plain in my p«—*« «*iun." That plate
in tlm ono which form* tlm inlijnl of thru’
remark*. It I* now i|nitu plain that ninco
AnnnlapAla Bunrfalwd in tlm NtU year
lolO, hi* ptvdvesaior unit unelr could tuit
have reigned a- rnrly a* Nika 782 , hut maul
have reigned aotncwlmro about 8 akn !'“ 2 . Ac-
cepting that lutli-r trailing of tho iloto, Mr.
Keignumn'a mid Mr. (lurgs*** viiw* aUiut Iho
date of tlm Tempi.' receive nnmt rvmarkablo
ronlinnalion. Mr. Hurge-*. on tlio ocrimiim in
qucalion, nl*o pointed Old (I wit tho atylg "f
architecture of Iho A m barn At It Tempi* n»-
•OOiatid it with IhoTcmpIo of So man A th.

Tlmt, too, appior* to mo to bo an important
I’iii'n alliance, having regard to tho reference to
Soman At h in the plain Wore u*. and in tho
T h a 1.1 A inscription of Aparndltya. Wo
■hall have to mv a wonl on this subject in
tlm sequel.

Two lesion* of general application for tho
future may, I think, bo derived loom thc«e
InrU. Tlm finti i». that chronological infer-
ence* baaed merely on Iho cliaraolor of the
writing in old documunt* muat !■> ncooplod with
wry cmsiiU iuhlo emit km. Tlm tendrnay to.
wanl* regarding tliat 11* the oil-important
element — instead of a* ono only of Iho important
elements— in aoah investigation*, i» lo I hi ol>-
•urrrd in nuinlry quarter* *" Tlm *eoond lemon
I*, tlmt inference. derivable from tlio atylo of
arrliltecturr .if any building nro entitled lo oon-
aldnrahlo weight in chronological" inquiries -a»
unit’ll weight, I ihonld my. a* Inforoaooi from
tin’ stylo of writing in copperplate* ami inanrip.
lion*.

A point of ounaltWablo interest oommotol
with tlila dynnily U t-ai.ml hy tlm lillo which
all hiutmhn. of it town to luro retained — vl»..
T« ; r-.’iimM.wrrf,ai/inw. Thai lillo llnd* a parul-
l<l, milting nt.lirre, in Ihntilloofibo Kadauiba*.
— /fro inf.^anf./Atbitra " IVoUbly tlio ori-
ginal .took from which the Ihrao hranchca of the
Sill ra» idWwuid* hmuulird out. Itolongxl In
tlm oity <ii‘ Tn gar a. Wluti It that city P l\u><M
IHiugviiiliil, after an otaburulo examination of
Cotunul Wtlfortl'a miggoiUon on this point. di»-
aont. IVuin it. anil idrutilm* Tagara wilh the
niodam «l a a nnr " I da not Ibid much difficulty
in itgtvaing with the IHigativo *ida of 1 ‘aydit
llliigvinltr* MMiwiingi but at nwparta the
positive put ion of it. I own that though tboro il
11 it o*l "I ol in tlio argument* ho adduces, I can-
not persuade myself tlut lie ha. aollafttotorily
■urntoniitol the initial ditHeully in hi* thooiy,
rfat. that wltorooa inuaar l* lo the wwt of
l*ai| liana. T n ga ra in »h«led by Arrian (a.
quota! by Col. Wllford) lo bo toward, tlm eaaf

'•J it II l( 4..v. IX. ^<i«a«iii. Mr
K^ryibv i’a inti Mr. t«f ibt iin* tuUi

•f Wo ehtnu-WN lli« inanipUiiu aim! «»f tl* Tiwiplo

«P(>r«r«. fr*n w< knitw. lo liito VoMI u# li

w.irr eori.it. «m* i»U» J. H. A. fl. IX N-l IV. f. U?
*1*0.

•' J.B.II. U. A.S.toA. Xl.p.WI.

M k%iv.

H«v (' ntr ii/)iin’« mum Pwp.2Mi

Y*A4Kf«nv Oooyr ittieildUu W . M-W . W.
An\. t u i. p. in, p. f>;;

•• |« i)»u«v OiiiihhkIu**"* Af< ^r > '**•

k4. VII. I*

•» imlkM /.uni «. H. R. .4. .V. mA Xll. p. M.
•*J. IID.U 1. vt>l. XIII. ( ft- It nint/rr«tiuf l»» ndm

h rm,».fxi;m witt tli* •>«! in »ku

, 0 /li Jut* .if M»i!nwwi4au nt»f In till* l*K *llh**w9Ury
Juninr ublHi i imIuM •r»fM

» • rt nf Ui* K-.okr.t Nurn. p. 27). Tho «u nntrlir#
, ft, nnuv *Uwl. IW. KilAA l M iM hdia

Junior i Vain A. V JMi I»-f. rial <nl. II . j*. « IT. » mJ
o.o:. ^rrk. Suf. U*. hi. u4. III. ti. M* tt*

u

Tnr. INDIAN ANTIQUARY

[Fmannr, lf»>.

of Paithnna. PaQdrt IlhogvinlAI may l»>
right, anil porhnp* further material, will "how
that he i* right, in thinking Dial Arrinn tumio a
llip in laying "enat” when ho ahonld havo
aaiJ “ won,” All I »uy at prvtool i», that tho
identification which proceed* on tho had. of
■nch a slip having boon committed doc* ivot yet
•ntiity my mind.*'

While on i liia subject of Tag a ra, wo may,
porhapa, refer hero to tho Other mailers of
geographical intere.t in tho plate. The Unit
iniereating name to be anted >* SrlHlhft u a k a,
which hu been iatinfootorily idrnuliod with
7h*g*. appeal* in former dayu,

from aandry other authoritica, to hare boon n
plaoo of very much grower not* than it <u now,
having Iwen a port of eomti-lorablo trade" till
tho time™ even of tho Manalratn*. Alblrftnl
njiputra to npeak of it under tho name of T a I ft,
which ho «y> -a the napital of tho K o A k a 9,
■nd tho Koiikao, wo may idworro mtjmiMttf, U
dutiogutalwd by Alblrftnl front tho OOmnWy of
the MarMhftn."

Tito neat nnino to note i* Pur I, whioh hva
hoen idonlilUd by aouw with j'KAoA, bnt Ihi*
idoatilkution hna Ikvii illaMiitid flvnn,“ Our
plato certainly 1I1NM nut -ilppurl tho iileullfiou-
tlon, while it* mention of both Purl and l}rl
SthAnalu." mny bo regard'd aa acme. though
not very atroog. avidenoe again M it, I can «»y
talking aboal U a n j it in a’p 11, "or II ft 7 n v it r n;
and abont Nftgapir, loan only anggaat II an
probable, that il may be identical vrlib n village

" A. rwarAiT. ,.•*-* m>> In. mnlo la »l-

ph.mV.t~. ImU. pp. IHf.. Mmlo*. T»>W. I'm.. I
pp.fl— ft| N«iro*'« k.atw 0. » n he ipin -el tore «ip» ....
A i. iitwrtinnaUah J ft I 5 ml. IV p la mVer «l. II
PP-Wt -»«, J. (I .B. It. A.H. X.||.1»*| M, All.

eil.Vl p. 7 ft|wl V|| n. IU
Ui S«. DmU. ml. ill, P

till ...I

•»*« iiio'ii' Tit IX. |> «\ i. quolAL M

ot»n.

tlul daw in* olTTice |h. .p>iT>i-i ,

tut, ud fail. in', til. VI Htf.

•• H.V .tool riilnA J.

near Alibig-boiwccn Alibog and Itftvndimiji—
named Nigftnva, which in suhatitutol by aynoopo
for Nftgug.li‘iv, or Nftgigrima, tlto Mine a*
N-gupur. Or, may not NAgapur hnvo sumo-
thing to do with Nftgothpftft? In any <uoo
the modem Nagpur of tho Hhoftalfta ia not to
bu Ihouglit of. I h»ro not found tho N ft g a p a r
of our plate rofomd to any when) otof. Sa r p-
pirakn, an our pinto ocomi to havo it, ig
pm bn fly only a mitcopy forSorpArak a"—
the modern S 0 p ft r ft near Uaaaoin. It i* a
plaoe of eongiiirrnhlc antiquity, Iwing in all likeli-
hood the Mine a* the H o p a rag a of tho Nftgik
Ingcriptinnu." Soplrft under various diuguiuM
of name ia familiar lo tho nwdiwvnl truvoller* ami
geographer*. C h o ra a 1 i** U almo.l certainly
the modern CheftwoJ, or.aa it haa boon sometime*
lallid, ('haul ThU piano haa a hiatnry oatonding
orcr aovrrnl oinlnrioa, going book, indeed, even an
fur api-ivuntly »■ tho time* of Ptolemy, who man-
tionait under the name 81 m y 1 1 a“ andTiroonlla.
Front tho varioiu Jugular. whioh tho name hud
luaumed in tho work* of foreign geographer*
and trovollor*— aach ft* Ptolomy, ICiwon Th.ang,
and AlbWnl— Ool. Yqlo had *uid " that the old
namnwiuiawnethlngllkiiChinlinul or Ultanwul.""
Tlila Imppy gu.*ut n fully aorroboraUd by onr
plate, uud tiro Mentlflation of tho plaoo wilh
Olmnl." alao anggtwlcd by Col. Yule, may bo
w’coptol inoro oap^iially having regard to tho
current native pronono'iatUin of the name,

Wo comn la«ily toSoruoirara, which, an
we have already polnlod out, may aafoly be Idon-
Oft ()■ ill l

t.p an.T<d 11. 1- no o« ,it tt.».o 1. •(•tiin*~», iumIi,
p.fK.w, l„d.. .1 it t..H*rk.afl.*.il. Vulo (I’.lti,. vd. II.

Iti, J„t.
ot p. 4 tft

the (■iTiuii*,

it H| .tit b*i Ilf iin'liut III

•• K~ JVMM, In', '.•"liar a/ (Viol.

ail.

ATCI'VIWlV' lixi|iir.«-r"ii. lorilV'li. Sit. i.'.r rll, /. 1:.
A. S. ..I IV. 1. m. 1 II. A. A, ed. V. in.rrtpla.ri. Sm H
»»A U, /• II. g, II *. v id. X. P . Mi .v| XII. p. 61 ,

II. It. A. />. wl.
XII. p.fll.! /ml Aul.wl VII, nv IS I— 6, Yolo’. (Vi«i,.p
•cd, 11. p. W?. olia ">b I il r‘ ••>!. vlotn »♦ lixt ■
infiiriuiwn obml r»w -rtii.'li mi,IiI hr n»f u |

. alio ml, 1 il r
an nb)i|l rat* whfck • .
dajl KarBrf. gafttof ro. 10,11 1 J. ft A. ft .ol II,
,.p VH>W Tbr tratata»:o :4 *.

n>\. T. pp. NM— At i», of mw.

- 4«i> it |uw n» IV . UraA IV . pp. -IU.

1 am oUmJ U. my frv>fl Mr. I\ M. M*U for 4 i»Uw«. a<
«m lb.. Fr*t*b urv aal. Uo N^nw. p. 8
•’ Y«.l. v. ». 217, aviful. VII.*. i*i; NimiM.

t aii J- Ji. H.n.A.i f. t^.x.pp.aii) 2i.aodtui.xii.
SuJ.KA.S. tvl.lf.pp.

•• Hto Arixl. Rv^. tol. I. P. 3»)1 . Mu Ant. «ol. V. *73.
" 11**. G«v.8v. ted. VII. p 1M.

^ Noiron Xoni.n, p. 7. h. B. l\.A. 8. r*l X.
I j ToU 1 # CWlAoy ted I. p. 2?7; tod Ui. An I. rtJ.

S2H. Il may U

Ularttlintf lo »».«••. IWit XlfptraU h moiAumad in IW«

.Vann Part* of llm M#AdM»lr*U m a “inoa liol/* plm

•hnra tbf I'ihUiM «M». filed liniOM IWr »*v from
Uo DrariiU Omni ry (n PruHnW IIK. ||i.t«K#il.t

It *u 'lot H.>nrah nf Urn Amh O/ ^mplo.r- M i. Vd!
•»y* it and Taiah tint «• (Vt mul nf lur, urn! nVed

U lliti IlitUmi. ttntftSM r<». I p 8^1 AU*rutif

«»t» »» vim b vim»iir/> fntu Taafcli i mo ft- I. Atki T/-J. 1

B.M 1 . It !• rtl... fm,..i.U; «n#alt.M^O i« tlm lUr^dlu

Cans talrrlptiont.— Kn.

•» A*, fml Ait/, r A. 1. n .W, 0 ) 1 . Yuli, a.1*<tr*

Ou, nlth-l mkix* n».!lin*of ^Wrnwi.i''-
•i8. CWvil Oar pltto B-iw funnliff Ilia 4 ! O.inV, PmlvMj,
horwr.tVDiw hr C1i«mi&lya aid n »t Cbr-
null. In tlvs plaU* a» J P. ti «. A . P. y.d. I.D. 3 lVr H pkc«
HRrrr-tl C h o m n 1 y » avnn to Ho w/tnt»Mif»l. which ir prsiha-
Wy tbA aima m tSal a^w dirc*iMin?. Arrd in oar

rJof* wi* imr Tttnl Un mm m Chirwll or rhtaiuUn.

•• 8a* Yale'* CntKay tol. 1.^ ctcii. i Nainmp. If t J. Jl.
P. R. A. 8 . tol. XII. * M »l r»f. i M. An t. vol. VII. ^

99 YvV* CWAay Um. tit

•• RwaUi nlm* OmI. Ac. Aut. tnl. VII. P. 183
arrd^il VIH. i»j. 143-43 ImtWto Uilnk with Paid it
Btncrlolti, Uut Chtinuli b Ctcmohi iu TramUf. at Uio
kmd of Bonhay harbcar.-Ei*.

P»»«c*«r. 1880.]

A Sll. VIt \ COPPRIt Pf.ATR GRANT.

bfi*l with S 0 m a n il t h. In uor linn-, il in (roe,
the Kohkmi ami Sanunlth aro not el only oon-
meted in our mimlt. But in former day*. eren
■a Into h*mx centum* ago, Soman It It and
T h i p A Mem to Imre belonged to one political
division of the oountry. " QuxcrU," we nre
told for iMtanco, “in large country, within
which are Kumblyul, Sonin it, Konlmi, Tina
and nereittl Other citir. and towna."** Anil
tli in afford* aotne explanation of AHdithil'.
wont* alluded to .Imre, in which he di.tin-
guielvn. the Kuiik.y from llm country of the
Murtthil*. One further remark wo may Biake
hero, which it loggwted by the circura.tnn«-i
aaw brought together regarding "SonuiU. "
The temple of HomnnAth it ulaled by tbo late
Mr Jutllce Korhtt 1 * 0 to be auuilur In Mum
Mp wti to tho Temple of AmlnraAtU at
Kalyiy. And, at we bare already .eon, Mr.
Ilii'gatM in tho dine um ion nbov* alluded to
regaining the AmlnrnAth Innoriptioo, alao
(kiin t>l out the timiUrily In rloiv of tho
information whloh tho writing, of tho iut»li* ^
nival geographer, furnith, that foci i. Oho of
oou.lden.bl* In tom*. For il i. not improUi
hi* (bat the KiUnu being devotee, of tho " Soma
mUh of Sarithtrn," anil there having been .urli
comtant Inlcrooimm between the linmeiliuu
dominion of the K 1 1 il n.» and lliu il> strict in
which the Touiplo of HoninmUh ». • it anted, il W
ant, I -ny, Improbable that tlic a- torn t ion of
tho Temple of AmbarnAth under lie dlrco-'
lion, of a Slid ra'"' prince wm mail* non-
•ciou.ly upjn tho modol of tho Somantlh
T ample.

Returning now from thi. geographical digrw-
•ion, we proceed to oou.idor the political hlatu.
of the 8 1 In ran. Tlmy do not, then, op|-«f

to have been entirely independent aoveixign.,
Tho tillm Ifotdr.iandidnrarii, Af*U«<fiuinf«iAi.
pci/i — although coupled with tho lillro. ftnj'ii.
and Ab Alu«iwAa*vaw<fI — aoern to paint to
a auhurdinatc pcnilion. And thn coaclniicm in
clinched by the fact which I'm.idil Ilhagv.inl.il hat
brought out with the aid of thn Kagliori Ii»eri|t-
tionHi namely, that tho third lu.loricul king
in thi. lino— Ka pa rd I II. — In spit* of tho
biiunt, ho it rerwRiberod. mndo in oar plate and
ekewhere, nbuut hit being the lead -jewel of all
king*, and of glory wliioh lolipted tin- glory of
every one olne m lliu woitd mid out uflt.w ot
bill n iaboidiiinU>offl king Amoghava r. h n.
Of tlii. Intter king, I’oiejit HlmgvAnUI •«,«
tluithoprobildy In lmiged to limit* ahtrukfl In
roon'“ 1 ventin'* to think that wc aro .alb in
uikiugiltobohlitorlcnlly corlaJntkot thi. A mo-
g I. a v a r ■ li n ia tliefirot king of that name in t he
It i . h I r a k li t a line. Tho date, appear to me
In Hupportihe iilonlifloatlon, 10 ' And il u further
cnrrobontlwl by the fact which appear* to It*
made out pretty aail.lkulorily by Dr, UhAu l**jl
a ini Dr. Ilulilcr. that tbo Hal liAra prince, of
whom l l.o medieval gOOgmpliora •poak, aro idrn-
ti.nl with llm It i • li t r a k 6 t a » ."• for llmaa
•nine geographer* di.linotly .Uln t>mt tho Koiikan
form*] part of the tcrrlUirir. of tlnwe llnl-
Ini ru pnnro • "" Il i. plain, tlicivf or, that at
Icii.tat lltotiim'oMCn pul'll I U. »W HIIAna
woro only feudaturie* of the lU.htrnkfil.n*,"'
At lb* wtiuo time, it it not impout.blo (hat they
may have nRonrord* thrown off (It* yoke of their
motion, and roaonj to bo feailntune. *** The
prince.. of (In- Ir.nch ofllic family which relgn.d
ut Kolhlpur appear l<> have biun feadaloria. of
tlm Cliilukya* in thn twelfth oontary *. D. 1 "*
Bui there ia noovidencoohowiug that thoSiUnui

•ol XII. f. ?n.

““ J. If li. it. A. s. ni VIII. |i«. a.v
. Klllnl'. Jflafary nf r«'*<* ••'I-

•• J. It. A. H. IN. f>.) w> IV j> 111 i ok. V.V. M«rvo
Kil.i vol. II. |t> «8 C .V0V.V I'-ltr-y nil. I

tn»«i Nulroop. Ill AarlS * m-ii" oi .1 . i

,i Mr. KI..-T. YAda.a lw.iriptiou. ; •(>' J P. fl. K. A. ».

p. Sit-Ill. Ha) »U> *•

t a »m|. I. |t l»*.

J. fl. II. K. A. A. *ul IX- p «*«*!». . ..

Dr. IlhAii DMt's eaidootvT^ -Hut M»mlniv>ji tru
a YMr.bti itrimp r^f»#aU.| l>r Mr. to iu iX •h»h«.

U« iitwomi • >ff. Vwiada.il alw (i. /?. A> *- (*• * *

IV. p U?> wm min M 1*7 l>r BliU - mvrn ttwhu* **
Cm AiuUtnf 4 h Oat-* int> an nwiiienl m fatuur of bid
thw*T nf Uu * 1 Balablil '

H. K A. 4..v. aol. XIII. r« >?• J^**J

llltartM.1 .Vid <%u\.yi* oa .1 • lira fa.t tliir

lb« ts*ot*A in t>.^ KwlDfi l.iwrjf ...Hi Mii.il m*i».

lK«.n! in an 7 KlriM^aia p ^ Mat jwrbij* «» OOl
tU.rnfit inipurlaiit

»M. I tKnt Of. IMWV#r*a M aliiMi-imU' Um

K *W 1. 1 r .» k A t aa 4r r. I., m.liUI# a fa.wM Hup, U>

nVHH A*t VI. r bW. Hul 1 »~t. m to Uiiiil.
lint ii.-y r#raifv rwinl.t*!* n avib m^rinra lo IN*>
KiMliTiltfftipCi- oaVniatMfinranlby IMM HlufiAtilW
JirfuU w iv, wkfi Pr. RMilf* t*lM t-. I*J An. K tioirW r -
fattier, m. InUfhfflatkia of

t tf tli M. twsdffl vdd, A«n«Wa»afA» Mmialf.

** fill. VI. h III.

••• Yoli/aCffliiy %*l I p aa>t-. Sir It. M. KIM* a
KM^ft/I Au\ruL I. |» i »f ny. an! ► ^1 -* f.

Xitiniti p. in. J If. He IT. A, >. tub XII. |K V\. M

I ll^.aAi \ • v V 4 . I \ 1 %. I>, v»; ba;.v «mii#

Iiimm :iWi» ilic BilVIra^'* lU»!-.riya” prinyi.

,M c*f. fwf. 4 i»r. mV vi. r •>«»-

Cf. l>aro#4X !• (R* l

>'A > p a>.

Cf. .f. p II n* a *. IX ftU> J. A*.

A.^.rol IV. iv

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY

[FlUl'iM, 1880.

( 111111 ),' »i iliini weru iil-i f.mlntoriu* of
Cliulukviu. Ami ptoiblj, A nan tap ilia's
lulling lilumlf CA.tirai.i/fl"' of tbs Konkan
■uuplol nilU A parAd i ty *'a despatch of an
aiubivinilor l« KA-iuti'" might betoken Msonm
imle* tlml III. latio Stliimn livoltd thcmseltt*
n» iiiilqiemlrnt Kivertign*. On tbi* vim* tho
e»|>rvn— n«. tfKU-miiMfW" nml «» forth,
Wiv.fl I I** I'X Jilitlilo oil tint tbcxay |

by Mr. NV if It hi riling I In? term mfi**/—

1 1 i»i M in (ximmcn with other aiiidlur tiflra, it 1
miulbito eomu to be looked on iw indicating
authority only nml not rtbordiftMiofi.' 1 1,1 In
Maroo Polo's tinvo tho Koukan wo* still under
1 1 mill prince* — woiv they SlUrt* wham Polo

tkwcriUxiit Iwiii#' tributary to noMy. ,|U The
point u one, howtrer, which <wim 4, 1 think.

Ih» Mtllotl finally in the pru«ut *t*U of our
tunirruln.

hunt tlvj mimorooi rvforoiuxw to Sivn in the
Hlliini inMviptioiM. the family may well Im> in- J
femnl to have been devotee.* ol fii v u m J t M A*

I av Alum a'« name, Imwcvrr, certainty nugymt* j
ItinlilhlNt nMi>n«r4otis. ll# Proluhly the prom! »»f
the pnii*' w wiu inti of a narrow Oort, ami llm vvi*
ileiNv daily ncxiituviUl ng, whlrli thews that
or iUy* mi late even *« the l<MU uint lltb o n. •
I alien of iho Chi tianern, « unity Hindu IVirip n
"hinted oimiiduiable oatbelioily or opint tin tie-
t«eeii Hindu, llnndilho, and Jninn Tho bnueli
of Hi# »S 11 A run, whoao inoariptioiM are tiotod
m M^JorOmham’n vuhiniiMm KolliApur. seem*
n have ntadogtuiiU alike to HrAlimnv* **l to
Jama* 111 And It tuny lie remarked that tho
JiiM'tiptHMi wguxlmg the grout of the Kufikmj
In K it | n r d 1 II. in cngiuvcd on n llaaUilliu
euvo.

|',4U— wliich form tho nuhjcct of ilto exemp-
tion recorded in tho plate before uu ap|<nr to
have K en not an uncommon tmuroeof revenue in

\ior 1 to lm dU ^itkiWmrfr of the

K .a.K J )> u ti. t. vwJ Klt.g. in ImiyttMiMM. I
iiiuirvHinv HUMMUS, «Ul l|«ri4tl>\i« u ML lb* 1WI I
»tt4 lie ThuRfi *twfie «UI» ni«criet» u *«

MmiMi Ami Mil ja, wIikIi i4.no* »pa«li&i«)tj Miuu.vt. 4 i 7 I
IW. ltr<*o JliLif *itk itfanl totlio <*urjtn» fi.

II. A. A. voL X. i». fl iuK|. IV* vA.i* 1 o>p< .»»in>
•.wrvtatb* tffA'.Wtol U4ow rt^crrul «... it n„
ms *. nt i« ut‘* , Mil n <U»m docuioroU (o. ft. lint. Aut r .1,

V (. I^»i ll o l./wvrrr, uniltn^f.Jlj, of rirvooiumtuv.

••• J N. 0 a R.4.fliul.XU. (Bttn No. 1 1. 61

»’• At t*. Mtiirh cf. U‘i- A% t r^4. V. p. I tt. Our pW,

W^A.fr.r, UaiuUn tllf MflUMloa can

I filly l*' tr» out iu b , titu" only.

J.ii. 1. IL A.S.%ul IX. p tn.Cf. J.R.A.fi. %»t.

II. p.:*5l. tj.iulliu |Kiat ihvrviUAiA vf Jlitleftt! by

for nnrr ti men. Among tho Vtibcriptiunr col lot text
by M>jor(ir*hiuu ,l# too, thciv am govern! which
eoooril grout* .if ColU Ah the irn le at j' l\ A n A,
C h e m u 1 y *, nml S 11 p A ru ■Jffmanf to have
been ooiiHiilen»hle # lw the exemption gmntoil
by our phitc* oauin>t have Iwvu .piite uuigni-

ftotnt

Tho nanKM of the gmnuxw and of tome of the
miaiktry niv nbo remurkiUdc. They all euem to

HoutliMnier*. TIkw' * 4 HoiitlNfnieni" Am al*<i
lobu niMifi.l in Dr. nAUter'. ph.lv, .ml in iho
AmUmnilll Inwrijlimi, iih null ns in lh«, plntu
in tlio .Inafii m l in Dr. IIUhlnr'H

pl^oflhu II4»liimkA(n 0 u * i n il n HI. It in
PviiUml, lliurufurv, IhiU iho *• .ijifirt" oummnni.y
uuuupiol n pwitiun cf consiilumlilo inflaoneo iu
lliow ilny. o*un nl Iho court, of pniiom, who
ivnn not ilirretly ruling in ilwi t mill. Upon ilia
n*a» i>t Aiunln I'.i I'rnl.liu, which OOOan in
il»< I'nrrl lii.crlpiion, N| r. Wnlhun roiumki u.
follow* 1 —

" II a.inguUr, howover, and in.upport nf llii-
pnilvimioa* uml invdiliuii* uf UioKlyi.llu
I'Pbbhu*, iluit IImj loom lo hutfo Imoii ml-
nUlcn iiiuI.t till* li^jA. vn , Apunldilya.*'
I mu mil «|nif«- .o.uni tlml I'mblta «luuv dix«
imlii'iih' llir Pmlihu n*»ta. nml I do not under-
■k.nd that Mr. Watbvn Iim any othor U.i. IW
lii>>ng)(«»(lon. 110 Agniint il «n li.ro in irmiomlwi
ihnl in No, 8 of Mr. Watlini'* own InccHplion*.
a llnlhm.n U moutionod a. Uuring tho nann
Kidav I’lubliu, and tliaro uiv por-ons named in
our own plate a. " Prabhoa" n Iwi do nnf. nppinr
to bohmg i<i llio Piuliliii oa.lo Krun In nur own
day-, Pr uhh u Uu IIrlltmni,i.iimnuMi, and I uu
iaulinod In inliwpivl tlm word in Uic variou.
pU».s Ix'foiM uu ni iii li outing only n Huruanio
and n.ita naino of a OMto. Tho naino A u n n I u-
p n i also SOCtn* to India. lo that tint mini na.
in. 'I of ‘I* IVubhu omIo but u " 0 untli iffior. M

Kulni.* (|». <1) nth -vl IIm niiiii|li.t|iii^ ,4 tlitu itnim* i«
uu ;.k*il4.«lxy mtilh4 l» o ^<,U n \,\o v*. v bi

tuUi * Jfarcu /’.I., t.il. || |». ;w>#i Si>ttn\ hvukau
p. It . a*. uU# J. IL I rf.vJ. Il |. .HO.

II. A. A. ml, IV p 111 J lf.JI.IL I . A. *nl
XII. m. 44140*1 M. Ao* «..l. 111. ... .117 (T i nml ml
v. i». ^

' ‘ , 'VKrf* »:» | VS«rm trtii4 , t miV-. mm .lirf.n»*ii
-f-.» it II. fi. :p. :.

1 ,,l t * V9\ 1 >r. TuylurV rr«M i« to DrAh*

7"I. M .ri ^S* ‘“Wilwi !•» Vi*J»nn , flwl-t.

J n. II. II. A. 9, vul. XI 11. II. Mi mu! J. i: A. v. nil II.

J* 7 •^o/ ; Cannin*bimV .t^t. .v*„r,. iff... ml. VII. *.
ImiMLTIII.p. 10iM.AM.nl. VII p i.

::: ^ >*<• • \ voi. m.^ o#.

. *'•'*•»• ** I*- I* W. Alarm f\J vi). ||. itll.

VII 141 Jj *' ri * lb»*t Ot+). 6ot. vul

GRANT OY VIKA CIIOLA

Pxnntunr, 1880.]

GRANT OP VlR.V CIIOLA..

47

OKANT OF ViKA-CHOLA.

IV Ilcv. THOMAS POIILKI3, PL.S.. M.R.A.8,
Dtieripliou,—/ Two platen of a copperplate
grunt, 10 in. long V<y 21 in. wide, of nnci|u»l
thickne**, varying from in. to A in, with n
ring-hold in tacit, but without the ring. They
are numbered 2 and A impnrtivcly ; and there-
fora tbn document hail originally nix platan at
tbe leant, and probably uvea. Tl«oy are well
proaorvod. They record the donation of a
large village, called, after tho father (?) of tho
donor, P a r a k e a it r i e h a I u r v r d i m a A-
gala m, aitnatod on the river KAvorl, to
150 BrAhmarii, by Vlra-Cho|a, with the
conamit of the reigning sovereign, l’arako-
■ nrivarinA, in order to obtain buaetitn for
bia anccHtor* iu tho world of spirit*. The

CHAPLAIN OP SAINT JOHN’S. B AN Q ALOIS,
donation win miule at tho instigation of tbe
prince's rciigiout teacher, tho RrUimaQ Nik.

Tho grant in written in Sanskrit vene of the
Auunhtubh metre, except tho incomplete vsrao
at the beginning. The character is tbe old
Qraulha. The letter* arc dimly and iliatinotly
engraved : but (he engraving ii not neatly
oxoeutsd.

Plate 2 oontaiiiH a portion of the paligrie of
tlui donor, tracing bia dwoent from the tijlnr
Race of the Pur.f.iai through llngh u, live great-
grandfather of tho lioro of alto ftnWyana.
Pluto 4, though only a fragment, contain* th«
■uhataneo of tlie grant, and tlie drcumitanc**
of tho donutiuu.

Tranal/lerafiM.

riaUJIa.

[(*• 3 prehnMy)).

1 bliavntliin liliavaiAt vibhfltjsi trayi(yl)»Ari»T**tu cUturAmuia-
' m AdlWjal) [||*J VMhiltua tuiya putro bl.ut MnrVhlrnmiinn-

• ao umhlti Mon(rl)ohr4 cha tanAjo bhfil Kuiyapd-

• kltyo mahAmuni(k*) [||*1 KMyapasya muuor fiatd Ahma-

• Jo bhAuuiala Havirv(vib) vi*v»#hAtkoba(oM) lokiuAtu audha-

• ktrApanodakf it (||«) Vod.vodiihgutatviOho VI-

Ptalv II 4

' inarntn* cha into Manuk ftittltaliitilhrttf.nl Myall
' pmQarni oMlMtlaUm Iva [!») Ikahrlkut ehn mnlUprljho

• bhnktimiln Unfudadlivajo Manoa aduub kahlti(Ht') ta{4i)*anii (Ui(al)d Akim-

l||*J lk.hvakuvati.4ivAW.hu k.hatriyeahu

" hahoshvapi pAlayltv* bhuvao digdhuiii yltoihu cha divani
" prat* 111*1 Sagaro nAtna ladvatiiio jitavkn bhApapA(pu)ihgtiviik Bh»gl-
" ratbopi Udvathio tato jAto Jaoo(tio)4vara(k*) [JJ*J Koghur tm.ru.

PUU Va.

lv. 24, profahfy]

' IUkHliiim»i)i«bhuvnm vl(vi)4va(4vil)mVi(VI)ra-Cho|«njipe«»aredbtimi><dhBnnmo)
' padoehtA UujibhAl Ni(NI)lanimA luahiimrak |||*j YushmacIgurAvl* Hr

• rrvc.hu* nvarggn)-nipnnnktrafm* bmhmadoyati tlvyendrvbhjo

• dohltyruam adldiiat [|| a ] SrntvA (odvuohanaib r4j» gatvA
' Cho|amahi|hi)patin nainaskiitya purn* tanya uthitvaitad ohravf-

• dvacliak [II*] Mnlde(Jdc)4e lu luhliAgrAmam dleyimi Urn asm-

PUIt Vb.

' jfinyi bhAsorebhyo lianlatki(kAr)yyo mahynn dohllynnugrnhum f 1*1
' Taduau kurrvityana('.y«)jmUu|i Pamkosa ri varm matt 1 pnRohMa-

' dbhjui IntebhynA cha VitVIJruChoJo nripoevarak (!*) Parakwaricha-
tnrvvedimnivgaUhvByum pu(pur)n»arii KnveryyA evat(»*vBl)pniiadyA-
" 4 elia muddhyame supiati»ktba(abthi)ta* savva(rvva)lnkshaniwnnip»nndih 44-
" lyudienayabhu.hitaih [||*J PanasimridUaihyuktam pflgirinii-

TITE INDIAN' ANTIQUARY.

[Film;* nr, 1880.

•18

Tmii/afiou.

May ih" nnlwUnrr of tho three-fold W«
which in III" primBvnl lirifflitucs* of (lie four
fains! god, 1 be to you for liehea.

M » r I oh i was the grout miod-Wn soa of
flat Vldhil AVund IhegivutMuni Kaiyapa
won I he non of Marirhi.

l'bo bright 11 a v i* »n* tlxi «m of the Muni
Kaiynpn ; the disprikr of the darkness of all
the worlds.

Man u, knnuid in tho doctrines of the IVdn*
and Kafdnycu, waa the nun of V i v a i va t* : lie
wus the firm) of blags, aa tlio mured nyllaldo'
waa the neod of tbo WJo.

And lkshvAVu, pro eminent in knowledge
aad iJie worshipper of Uaruila-ilhvaja.* won the
"on of Menu t tin a protector of the earth he
wwstlie equal of A k h a q.Jal a •

Very many KahaUlyas, born of tlio rare of
I kali vA k n hnving ruled tlio fruitful earth, and
having art oat on their liravrnwunl journey,

The preeminent king 8 a g a r n ru born In
that rami, In that rare alno llhaglralhn
then wan born, lord of men.

ling ho by name •

Whilo Vlra Cltll | a, lord of king*, was
ruling l ho whole cirtli, the llniliii«,i Min
bocutiio hi- religious tou'lwr.

Ho taught him thus i—” Itestow religious
•ndowmonW oa dkllngullhed DrAIttnuijs, In
onter that all your auotstors may reinh tho
hsstven of Indra.”

Whm thn king hoard that precept, ho went
to tbo Clm|a monarch, and haviag bowed down
Morn him, ho atood in hie ptueonoo, ami made
this epeeolt, raying. " 1 nm proposing to make n
donation of a largo village in my district to the
TlrAhmeqi, and to call it by your name : grant
me yoor non nt in (lint nutter."

Having roceirpl a comnur.d from Parako-
»ari V nr rad. saying. “Do to ipeedilyi”
VI r a C b 6 1 a, lord of king*. 0'H to two hen.
dreii ami filly persona, the wholo [eiftryo]
named P ara kcaar i-c h a Inr v edim a iig a.
lam, well aitnated between the Ktvori and
tho little river, abounding with nil the signs of
prosperity, and adoruod with 6olds of rice and
other grains, with jack, mango, and other fruit-

1 ChMurimim, a naiwof BrsknA

• A use ol Urubmt.

* A mine of KArya

9 A Biro of fciArjft.

trvoa, with arcca-palm and other grove*,

• e • « e •

This grant affords the following itoraa of
historical information i—

1. It waa issunl in tho reign of Parnk.
o a n r t V a r m A, who is described nu tho C'hdjn
M ah I pat i (vv, 20, 28) ; for whoso oomplete
identification wo tiny kn wdl wait patiently n
lilllo longer until more of tho grants of tho
ChA[na have Icon published.

2 V I r a C h A | n, the grantor, was appa-
rently his Ytrs-rAja. In what blood-rolationahip
ho atood to his sovereign dotia not horn appear .
hut, from other information about tlio Chills
prineos, 1 think wo may safoly regard hint as
his nm.

a V I r a 0 h A | a had at this timo a dollnito
portion of the Ghtya kingdom uniler Ilia separate
govern me it ; in appears from the words msd-
deie in v. 27 1 and Inn district or province lay
on some portion of the hunks of the KAvwl,
n< is shown in v. 22. The oiproMton “ liulo
river" of V. 29, If tualpa is the proper
correction of tho • culpa of thn plate, is in-
aoflUiont Ibr any identification of thooonlluenco
referred t.i in the clrworlptlon of tlwi village.
There I- a tributary of tli-> IClvorl lulled the
" Chinolr," which is the Tamil sqolrnlsnl of
11 .8 valpano.il,” as may he soon in Maps <10 and
<51 of tlm Oreat Trig Survey, whieh rises in tho
hills to tlio south of A n aiki I an I lloa i’i r i hut
much wriglil cannot be pul upon that ciroum-
"tone. Tho plates were found at N o m a k a I, in
tho Salem district: Ini oven this cirenmstMOO
afford* hnt nn nutwrbtin eluo to the identification
of tlio ngrtili Irani. The uptmsion rWurmfi-
monjuiiim m a more title which was borne in
common by anvorsl other known BrAltOMQ settle-
ment* : and Ihere aro other inalnnot*. similar to
the present one, of the nnraos of the reigning
king", and other public functionaries, being given
to new foundations of ” flliaturvedl-mafigalams."
Hut though tho plate affords no ourtain cluo to
Hie identification of Vlra Chills' a ifoia, oonildsr-
ing that tho immediate neighbourhood of tho
ctpiul was probably under tho direct govern
me ill of tlm w) vc reign, it sends ns to look for
the provinoe of tho subordinate king somewhere

• PraMM.

* A uw of YmBbi.

• A naira of Irdrw.

Vmv»m, lasn.]

HE ant or vIkachola.

40

higher tip thu oourno of Uio Kayerl tlian the
district of Tarjor. This brings u« into the
Salom and Koimhntur districts. which formed
portions of iImi oM Koiigu kingdom down
tO Ohio of it* conquest by tin- Chu|n king
A d i I y n VartnA, sonio timo (ns it appear*
ht pixicnt) ul out A.n. 6 l* 4 . Adilya VnnuA'a
■on mm named Vlra C li 6 1 * amongst oilier
inrat* : mill it b probable enough tlrni bn may
buvu boon pluowl iu llio government ol' hit
filler's ootiquMt during Ilia father's llfe-tiim
lf Ilia bo so, tlio khmt.fioi.tion of tho Vim
Clio) a of Util grunt, mid of bis • , ih»u"
well n» of lu« fat lor I'arnkoanri Vor-
mi, nmy *o fur Ira rcRiirdcil n» complete,
subject. howoVor, to tho riumila which uni
presently to fallow.

4 From tlm expression “ hud of kings,"
mid " ruling tlm "halo earth," in vv. 2», 2». it
may puuihl.v lio inftrrid, oven niter making
duo iillouiinoo fur tin* liiudalury exaggeration
of Homo of thorn grants, tlut Ibis Vlra (Ih 6 |n
bail iiuulo oonquraU in Iho neighbouring king,
(loins I and If Ibis bo no, it will mid -01110
uiuiwnt of oontlnnation to tbo aboro idoiiiduu
•ion of tbo priu oc.

« Tbo savour of Hlndalim and lirAlmian-
i*m runs through the grunt i but lira robglnua
■I 1 of Umbo two ()UA|a Hogs i- tint further
to Ira muvilviu'd from tbls ibiiuiiKiil. Tbo
influence of Min upon Vlra ChA|n, "bleb
maims to I-' ineutionml with it speed object,
may puwibly point aomo innovuliou upon
tlm former religious lilins of tbo prince.

Tbo quuslion uoiv arisss "bother tlio lunto-
rinJs already publiahod respecting Uio kings of
the CbA| a dynasty afford inlBciont data fur
tlio certain identification of tbo V Ira C h A |a
of thi* grant, nnd to fix tbo dnto of Ins reign f
And tlio answer rnii-t ls> lor lira present, — Not
quite job Tlio nine, or raUtor tbo title, of
Vlrn ChA|«, witli or without other funiblna-
lions bos boon borno by aovornl of tlio ChA|a
prinoo* i and tho datos eorincetod with thoso
princes in tbo rariona scnlterod notion of
tiwtn, arc widely different and conflicting. My
iniprvmion is that tbo nbovo identification will
not bo disturbed 1 but I subjoin tlio following
list of names in which Iho tillo ' Vtra CbA|a‘

• I tars mlnlal* tor tbo stratiflmlioi nt Unas «ml s
tiro, ntiinW of utbjf ll, M, usinrs ii-t rpraja*. «hsch
l tu luhuiit in s future P»l-T. The mloeural 1,1

np|wm«, amuiged in nlplmlii'licnl order, toge-
ther with lira different dates wbiol Imre born
assigned to them*

1 . Vlra Oh*! a, who has Imra rarinmJy
plaood in K. V. I 443, which may perhaps bo a

1 >1 error for SS. 1143'. in the Ut <1 iitary
A.t>, t in S^. 407 1 iu ADD| in tlio end of
tlio fitli century a d. ; from A.n. 1011 to 1 1 H ;
mid tnenlj-fivo grnrnitions befont Ultima
Cli A |a, tho grandfather of Karikila
ChA|nt wldlo amrtliur authority makos -
V 1 1 11 C It A 1 11 the gn at grandson of ihla or
another Karik AlnChA|n.

2. VlrnChAln Mora, who la pVtocsl in
1001 1 in lilt. loll, and whom vliwoyaHy

of tlm Vrngi country is made to cxlcml from
a II. 10711 to llibV

It, Vlrn UliA|a MahArAja, who ia
placid in A.n. I3?l>.

4. Vlra Oh A|» N ArAyanni 11 ml

!/, Vlrn 0 b A | a NarAynan lUya.
who U appurriitly that KAIottu nga CliA|a,
thu fulhpr of Adondnl, In wliosi reign tho
tTietau ronqurred tbo Tbfi)*amvdaUai from
thu I’ll lavas 1 which conquest has bran v*riom.
ly placed in SIOOO n.o. 1 sotnn timo previous to
tho ChriaUan era 1 abortly bcf..m Hint «rai in

till) fill a n t in tho Bthoimlury . ami

in tl« lltli, id. >nt « n. Will : some timo btcwnai
A n, TOO nud h'>M iu rniluns yiwsofllm litlt
Oontury, ranging botwcon a.o. 1118 and 1171 1
in A.n. 1300 1 and la .. 0 . 1333.

fl. Vlra C It A|a liAya, who bn* born
placed In A.n. 078.

7. Vlrn IUtb CbA|a, or

N. Vlra l)o va Oil A|a Kulottuiiga
C h A | a. who is plum'd in IhalStli oontury a ti-
ll S8 to about 111)3.

lb V I r a M A r t a a d n C h A | a. wlio scorn*
to Ira thr •mini as cither No. 2 or No. 12.

10. Vlrn Ndrayaun, Uio same a* No.

4,0. •

11. VtraP Apdfyn (Tain), orl* A?.Jya
(Snnak.) C h A |a, who ia uid to Ira a OCOUrn-
pornry of 11 A m A 11 a j A 0 h A r y u, and ptaonl
about Kuly 4*> •, ftn.l in Hi. OHO 1 while
K A mA n 11 j it's dates aim differ coesidrr-
ably.

12. Vlra KAjondra ChA|n, to whom

nny Iu. r (u iT.t.il m a nediran of tbs irrat i»ofo*iun in
■ln«h Os eAroBuli^i -t 111. L'Mu Is *1 rtrwst mul.ej.

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

Ft mux. 1A 4 *'.

5tl

viiriou- dir eg aro given, ringing from SH. 4lW
In after a p. 1273.

13. VIr» &oklinr* Ch4|o, who waa
routnmporory with A r h y u l a II 1 y a of Vijn*
yuuugum ; *bot*dnM*, with a (i« cmeplicoi,

range within the wwiul quarter of the Kith
century a.u.

14. Vlrn Vikrama Chu|:i, wln> is
tbu Mine as one of tho preceding princes, but
no dat« oocutu with thin form of the name *

AN IDENTIFICATION OF A WK8TEHN CIIAI.UKY A CAPITA!*.

nv i. v ri.HKr, no.es., h bah.

Alp. Iivll of tl* lilnxtwli"* lo hil J/jwni r/iwhlorfi’iu Mroj/Wyii tult-ttyw-fi hut the
Mr. Him ipnh* oflbo Wculom comet muling of llio originnl i> perfoelly ilia.
ChUakyaklig V Ik ram Adilya VI., ur tinol in lit* phutntfniph, uml i> IU I lmro given
Tribhnvanamulla, *« oppircntly rootling il abate.

ill a. II. 1077 '* »l T* gi ri, pcrhu|Mt tho modem Tim etwmd |— i* in No. 77 of Mr. Iticc'u
UunlalAhid." * tfy*n /luanpliont, or No. 1C4 of my PM i,

I Uro boon tiled whrthcr (hi> ’Tagir I' ami OU-Oaiurm, Imeripllotu. The

might nr# ho a mialnku for 4 Tigard, whkdt, original mm, in I. 13:-^Hma(maf.)2Vi(Wn>
ui i \l % |> h\K, >lr. Kirn give# iu the older name f>hunmauuiU<uMvar*

id the unckmt D 0 va g i r i i >r tin* tnoduro l*an- flunk! f -Mint.

UtAbld, and whkdi Iu* boon noooptud aouoh by 14/qh\ tun ufc) *«/iiJ/iub AtayftVya
ui tier writer* of authority, though tho Identity 4«M< r^h\^\^uU(tm*

of liit two phicut in disputed, ar.d on np|>nruntly /rc. ’I liorc it no oopy of ibis tuscnpiiou in tho
good ground*, by Mr McCrliullo, at Vol. VIII , Ivlliot US.

|i, 113, <.M). not*. The above two paaioget an» not mut neat, and

ThU question knl mu to ctamlno the two them it. therefore, nothing in them to show
\w»mgi'* front which Mr. Huv lm- derived tbit nhaoluMy whotlor the find and tliful ayllabU of

iiiiim* of 'Tug in i and tlio remit it that I J>foyi/«y # ate Umg, or abort. Hut tlnro oan

It nd the collect iiumo to Ik«. not ‘Tagir i', but 1 m* no doubt on thi* point* at the only |*jn»il>|p
' fit agir 1/ n4yiu<dog/i*th©KwiAkjit &»,* adewr, or ariUdnpt*,'

Tha And puuage U in No. flOof Mr. H ice to and ‘a mountain.'
iVyrorw Iivmytt'ovn or No. 108 of my 1\W», It romnm* to Identify tbit town of ft t a g I r i
fty-viAri/, and Of'/*(tomiiw, /turr^d/tm*. After Having n»g uni to the tendency of tlm modem
giving ii *bi>rt dotttipticn of Vi k rami* (toourcao Ungnago, at »pvk un, to prrli* u y
d i t y u VI., tho original rohtimut, in L 11 i— to an itioiiil r or c, nml somotimoa to Convert ati

Antu i uuMfl*(if«AoiAW(/i rnAAn- initial / into yrf, wo tnUMt h^»k far mhiip anrli

«oikUrtd*eiai1if«rf#tIiifstffayiriya h>^ri\Lu ( naitniaa • YiHagiri‘,or* YAlngirl/ AuduoUivo
• d;y.iift.yryy»fi(im.i;r. Curimitly rnougli, the nut to look fur. There U a Common enough
muting given in tbu copy of tbta iniciipt >oo in Mirnnino in tho Canni\*§u DittriuU, wliiob,

tbu Dlliut J/S. CclU*t> i>ti, Vol. 1 , p, 27i i* with the toimal indiflemniMi to orthogruphy, it

• P.v aUu l>r. Iltffiu I.*- M’t.Tiiif » * to J'*r, U b$6. to*, l/atrwf, vel. XKlt. f4. ii. *. M| IUitt»wL ftlpMtf,
If. «. 121 ; /V, rt mil. It. 1 HI I'/t'ts.Oi&m At. Si*. {Nt7, p. ML

In. lt.it in ’ I icIwj IU MIoniM *t> <f ibr Cbu(a biitft in IU> 2ol <U A Li« S. hid. (|. *) —

K’-nt lift C ^ o*M#tt urn .% u >

llt'jiilofc CU)|a. flit. ,S irvi.Ji. < UI ur ll )«.). HG 1 «u 10411 •*!>.

Vila CV>|i oli*i KolultUlica cu:u<ifui lUjul^tailm (IUjkrli«l Iv:ti.f 4 .-n*nraniiu <10 imn), Hull to III* llw
slAttl.c^t tcKik p bat ui IfpJ.

VilmanCWtaOeyis h lilt to 11*

VikranauLrt, tv^sia* UK (/w. lit, &'*€.$*. Wo t tub Xlll.ftt. pp TAIL Kalaiics •n.I.^t in l» 8 A.n.-Bo.

• 7 bi* w tU* uuly oaUho iu w!»kL I !»»r- f:oni tbit fom of thr Old Catiucnn VxaUio *i»«lt aitb Oth 1 . AH
it ii tlic ooe u»taao« tb*» «ui »Mtioa l— ; y nr. Bp /'r Ft .tf. .^r., Vol. X . p k<o 27\ to anubU n. to nnibori.
tatucly U tho UW-Cfcuin»o Ufty#, taF. the axusrr^ <>* • adadol id, MtioUd in’, c^uiuicsU to tin iuiii\ v oiar<»n
tad ant >r jar* U o^rdtpouliu/ i >u Stu.inl i

VrsnvAitr. 1BSX]

MISCELLANEA.

r.i

written aomctiniN ‘Yiupiri', niul soun times
' Y&lnglri.' Thu porxms who own till* -uriiamo
tnlco it from n town on the 0. I. P. Railway in
Iho Ni/iiu’n Dominions, in lot. 1C* to' N. an, I
long. 77° 13' I!, nml about eighty miles to tho
(ninth by on- 1 lixiru the lrndtirn Kalydnu, which i-
tho wto of Iho ancient chief Capital of Ihc -unit"
name of Vikram Adilya VI. Tho luimo of

MISCKI

roLKLORF. rAIULLILS.

I am sorry to say that both Mr Gritrson and my-
■air h»rs boon anticipated in our Kolklaro Parallel*
by Dr. RoinhoW Kohler in mi article In 0,’iV n»
•red OreMo/, Tol. II. |i. Illlf. Of unirso hodoui
not montloii the parallel Ihlisuravnii Gatisiubnrb's
Sicilian Hto.iu-, pibll.lnm in |H7«, nor In b..uotoa
u|«m tlniw- Olio- duns lie iiicutUin llw Iniliuii Uls
Thom area. gn at uuny lltleie.|ill|| parallels u I
tbs kind in this liltlo known periodical. I
proeesd to quoin ono which I am .bio to M|tpln-
muni from tin. A’«»l.f SnrJI S-tffwa. On png. JJ.'. of
rot, I Hr. Kills Llnhrwht mentions • sn.iy In Iho
Jmihlnti iiun.Uiod he in ilia (‘Illness by fttnnltUs
Julian, Paris. ltW.ol i. ntaa who lost n to-.i! of
•ilviir, mul mudo n mark tu Iba water at tb fibre
where ho lost It. Ila than reiMSka that bn balieva
ha ha* mul IhU -lory In Iba ‘AWf.Ie of IIIOTohlo.
On pagu ilU of Tol II. Iu> give. an amusing |-tnj.
lol front England t— "A Viirmatnli iinlt-bwldwri
on Irlshnimiiu ii»»l*l in hiding Ilia -hip with malt.

Juat a. the vr mud wu- id I I-. - t - .1, ll- Irish

man callnlaul from lli» ipiay Captain! I loit yo«r
ahi.val ovuiIhmiiI, but I < ut a big itololl on tho rail-
Icnoo round Stern, right on tbn .pot whore it went
down i io yon will Unit It when you OUIUO book."
Ho comfstre* nl«o llagen 1 . A’srrrnA.tA, p. 4011

Tho following Is tho form of tills -lory In Iho
Xlh hunk of tho Kalkd .Serif Sdffa.a

“A certain foolish person, while travelling I^Jr
am. lot n silver VC««t l fall fl'un hi. band into tho
water. The fool took lUitOU of the -|*it, ob—rviiig
tho eddies and other .inn- in tho water, and mid
to him. elf— I will bring it up from Iho bottom
whan I return. Ho reached tho othor side of tho
sen. and an he win rot liming ho naw tbo eddies and
othoe signs, and thinking he recognised the
bu plunged in to rocovor his silver vessel. 'V lint
tho other* naked him what In- objo* st>. he told
them, nml got well laughed at mid abused for h.a
paina."

Ono of the nmuslng -torieu of fools related In tho
Xth Book of tho ffu/Ad Surfl Suyrni Is Icoriosa
to say) found in one of Moli^vo's plays. This is the
Sanskrit form of llio story : —

this town is ivnllcn ' Yodugtwvy' in tho Tri-
gonometrical Survey Map, and ' YrfagiiT (with
an optional fonn of’ Edghoity’ in tlio JnJitn) in
Keith Johnston's J/ug oj fudre. This Volt-
goory, Y.ilng ri, or Kdgbrory, ol tlui maps u
undoubtedly tho I'lngi rl of the insuriptkat,
which was tmo of thn minor capitals of
Vikratnkditya VI.

•LANK A.

" A certain f.mt wat engaged in relating Ins
fuller’, (pii.l i|uabt • - la tlu. inkUl ««f In- trionds.
Au»l iliiKrlbuig 1 . 1 . .ii|. ri-.r eioellouni be .ni l—
’My father Inis followtd a -tiicn vow ofihiml-ty
from liii youth, there is no mail " l»> iao I-j rent-
pnml with him.’ When hu friomls hoard this
tiny -aid— • lluw del you como Into tho world l *
Jfo hi* wared— 1 Oh I l am a mind- born son of hi./
will || |I|,.I| t k,i. motchleu find wns well bugled
I nt hy the |-opIo," Now compare hgiiiisrelle in
/-< .Wnrf uya JWf l.t raiinn. CViwt quo Jo no
me sens pas pmpio pmr hi maritgo ir. ipu Jo rials
inillvr man |dro ut tois com do tm nice ipu no
Mi Mill! Jaina.a vuola mirier,"

Tint follow n.g md. ReiA.i'U in tho Xth Hook of
llioK. If. A. I.i. ah« it. i*.uiiteii«an in Kurcpa.
A certain merchant and to lit* foolish wrvunt—
" Tako rare of tho door of my shop, I sin gong
Itiima for u inuruml." After (ha mnniUnl hud
•nid this, ho went many, nml tho mrtiub look
the .hop door on his sliuohlcr, mid wont off to
mo au actor |irfiini. And as ho wa. laurning
Ills m inter mot linn, mul gave him n scuhhng.
And ho imsworodi " I linro taken care of this dwr
as you told mo." Compare witli this lint .(Jtli
story in l.sura ron Oonacubarh's Suillajiiufia
J/'fi’fcn, " Uiu>u‘s nMltar wautod to eoUtlhu
iuiih., and Jo: said to him i— diiiin, If you wish
to go out, drew t ho door W niter y >u fn'>As J/«
Tt\\U Afslor ilir (M Instead eff shutting the iloor
Giista took It off it. hinges, uud rurriud it to his
mother In the oburck."

An iiKidcnt in tka'Sdth story of the SieiUitmfkf
J/'r-l.a may ho piiulUled ffom Indian litnrntire
bau .Ighlaa aiu.1 1 " K.ru ho llghtod." and immodi.
atcly it riser tiro burned upon tho lirarlti. 'Don
4ic >n|il —“Coma along, pan"— and a golden |un
<mm> and placed ibtelf upon the fire i “ come ukng
oil mid the oil lumo and poured it” II Inlotlie
pail In the episode ol Kala nml Uinmiyuitl
N.lu I- dotacUd by hi. poucuiug aimtlur poucr*.
In the same epiwdu tho godr are dl-covcud l»y
tholr not winking. I do not know whetbrr there
are many lurullcU to this in Grrelc literal arc, but
I lately cumc aerm. ono In tho Je ft.epire of

• So. ad. VIII.. p. B«.

62

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[Fmniunr, 18®).

Huhodorat which contain* other Indian nl<«*-
In tho llth dmpler ol IbollJtd booh Kalaum
-peaking of the u nit, mnk« the follow i.gretnnric -•
Tail AmkiiAiMr, n}e U a-Aj-ti

>>d.»ir ui« ,Tx l.aflty'.',, ilXXd r.«l r i>

)iu»iViri‘ driWi MAoii fftcVome *wl
-Ptor' iVafiiu/m, «. r. A Cium.rs II. T.um.

JAMES WALES Till! I’AIYTKB.

lu tlio Council L'IiiioiImt at Ihniibny thoro nro
three Inrit" picture., the Hist of Ilrtji Mil, tbo
M-eii"! Ilf till N'lVU Fmjwavte. Orel tint ln-t of
Mldhuvjl 8lndl».‘ AH throe were palatal by
Mr Jnmi’i Wnlnt, an nrtlal olio arrival in Imlin
III 171*1, ncrompwiicd apparently by hi" family. u«
hit cUm daughter mi nftorunnla mnrrlod to
Hit (.'baric* Mulct, tho Handout nl Poona, anil
lixnina tho mirtlicr of Sir Aloinoder AlnUt, to
•vill known in diplomatic circlai, anil who ilill tui.
vivo". Thom I urn I Inuto of llm nrtint «oomi In
•into Uioii in thii illis ■ (inn of niiricnb nreliiwoluro
•"'I uinlpt-mu Hu w-i.-v Si> iii'li mm. Im bin from
IVlcrlxud, on tlie caul of AlumloOii, unit wa«
ml initial u tho M.il.clill CuUrgn in llm local
••a| it nl . Hu exhibited piolure* »l ilia Academy
"ico portend *, hut in th it country Im dovutod
ii iii*h lime to tho nice temple- uml otl-ircM’vltiga.
n.ii kill); In oolUlincnlloii with Hinmn* Ikmiol nt
i Im KIiiiA evnuuilmi" ItiuoiL.d olm nt lilo-
I 'I" iKn. ninUiic ili inni- 1 el the Ufiit| •‘.irm Unary
ml ii wim in |iii-iiliojThoia irimivbtu that ho
met kit tint ill. Thi juiiglo grow* thick intl.il
I “'I of Ihn I "Uml of HnlreUo where Urn inter.. i inji
HtlddhUt work" are loiinili ami tln.j|?h the or-
Inal lull itielf ill which occur llm enrol of Knohcri
la m arly bare. It haa to bo approached through
iMglm oluiidugroolli Air. Wulc* !■ rapoviod
tu luxe did at SalutCio. whither Iio lad goreo to
nuke drawing, nfthacxenniinm.; wo may preiumc
ho died ol IliAiit. which It eomc live mil-, from
Knnhiri, uml uuhonllhy cxpotnio tnu probably
tho cmihu of thi- -nil aud midden tcrtniniuion of
hit labours. If he cffocted anything at Kaohcn,
It ilow not iwvm lu line boon presorted,' at tho
<aAtniu.it ioa of llm nmtimfc thnw in nl»my#

C*\loi mill o< liot Ittttw. W«f)t*| no txrtipo in
(Iio lihliun lliiinlliook vA imj inoimiiwut to thin
worthy min.— fAf JViM4<A

• “Mr. Duttfl'i fio* piau/e of tlir 1 'mA Darter ip m-

iwrUirt in orwitol fTou^orf. t kurocUr, juiI na*
Una i ... It »m mint*) for Sir CUriu 1UU frum
•UlabM lij the hU Mr. Wufci ? ent tbr orf«t lu. »Wn
Ihe I mo wK*n Sir OswW. tVn oar *t tk*

Court of t*«nA, hx bn nut*. dHimtU tn hit

II uhn r « II,. I'-li... In f .11 llirliir. Wr Inwtj of allUbw.
1-aCirtcI by lii Mijr'lj. brlwcn llrrel llrdtii ltd bit
Hicbf.Mi 1 nr'iur.tiirj ui tho «tr b'lwrro tin lrip>
■lllrd ii>«er« and Tipn i- 1 7!*."— Tim eictam wi- ..'I
cjr...d. aid pilili.b.,1 l 7 Crilib u Ilc4»„ra M.«'.
HmdA, PantlrmU-Ulhp l?*

• A oiUelioo id .Wrtebrt b -a lor colours doubUiw th.

MITlUl'AI. THRSIOXS PROM THE
maitAuiU<iata.

DY JOHN MUIll, D.C.L., LI*D.. ie.
(Oonfiaunl/niiii/. 211)

Fatm no Timip. trail iuh \n biurr i* vmm ;
iiilvkiiT" or farm.

JMiffiiifiwf*. ill. n. lTf

Tbo fretful doom of nil ia .uro

Who laugh at men wlumo lire* uni pure;

Who duly', hiiidiiijr fmw deny,

Ami "cnul. nl I virtue n> a lie.

TIki miun who love- In lire in tm
I. like ii lingo (nlLitrvI thin;

With winklin'* allow liimnelf ho cltfuts.

Fur vnlu uro alt hit proud coocoiu.

No tin ran want of faith ciceoil.

While mou hy faith (him iln aro freed.*

Tlir fadhfill man throw, off hi* aim i
At anakot coat off ilwlr worn-out (kin*

NOTES AND QUERIES.

I. Wrnu.v II UN .mn i:i.iaoinii Kill. I. Hii-
iir Bumit— Wlicro run I llndauy irplunntiou of
IliO NofftO llk. hair, abort crl.p OQlto, with which
Ibid llm I* Kou-mlly rn|ireieiiuil in hi- alutuca f
U.niily at Kiinaiij and Hnnkilr.ir fFauhgnrh
ilitlrirl) I I nun -nui m rrml atatiie* of llmlillia
with thlv uiininliinil 11111111*111 of the kiir,

In Hi- .1. nml -a 1* In ■ ‘lalm • nl.o, tho Mum of
fho tor mo «n utly elongated (aou aim Alitor '■
IfJmfN RmIWw). Ha* tlila iror been arrount-d
lur V II *ia whore I

At Manlpnif, nn eld Zumlndar, on Ahir, re llod
ii|">n mo. Tho loltcw of loth hia onrt ireiv.
clongiiod In Iho mannor .hewn in tho repriucuU.
Iliuia of llnddhii. and hung ilnrrn ilotaoiial from
tho chock, to it depth of nlinul. 2 llicho*. Tlii*
formation did no». np|W In hate Imoil cnnwul
artidcially. nml the nun -liinx.l nn ninrkt of
nifringa, wlilcli. If licovy, would of coiir*' prulong
the kibe of tho car — 11. Hivrrr Caa-n .

With regnrd to tho <|Uory a« to tho woolly hnlr
and olimtcilod Oor-lohct of lluddho, Mr. W Simp-
ton. tbo artiit to Iho niuaf.alef toiufon .V.«r.
recently gum n loclur* HI tho Society of Am. in
liumlon on AfglunUtan nml lb. nnt>|uitiaa. Ho
mmtlotioil the Immon-e number of Huildliial

•nrk(*f)fr NVilii.uo^frlu|*uh *4»incf J.

DC fit. of bindioi. Jl <u»Uiu« sLiUlir* • ( tli«* )u|v »lnl»i
•t r«j»i'^‘J wills cartimrs of U.vu n,| «Tiio4 in

4o lib* •:mi»aa liltU; Chailm oaro

K iu frupg rvliidi «utp lk» insonntism i

tftlnyi by Uoki fl*o4 alUl ullriri ff**a Khvw. Ac. gun*

).i.n BifCkwhi Warp MaUi. whu mmi tJ.mn W T

for by OlfA. WllfofU. QnJ Mihlirmtktt

^rsatir Hntareitt CtoL V.». &K-U 1 L- BO.

* Thn, 10 ^nrx), it vrry uko IUo Attu^.suian ili>jlnnnc4
jii^ifirplwo Tbc cliJojl of folk. Lo»m w iu tuih »•

Fcnatuir, I 860 .]

ROOK NOTICES.

53

mound* null remains existing there, and Col. Yule,
who wn» present, raprnaied hia belief llrnl iiu-iom
Indio extended lo Kftbol, and that the (ir.efcs
"h«n in those regions considered thosnoelwu in
India. Amongst the antiquities from Afghuniat&u
exhibited by Ur. Slmpooo, there wits n smnll head
of white skino, beaut ifiilly curved, ibe features
purely ond exquisitely regular Oiul c lo s olcfi l. but
the ntr-loW a* rfiurh elongated an in ooy iinugn
of Uuddlia. mid tin head covered with do** crisp
curls, with tbo border no sharply defined u» tiro ugly
to suggest tlm sort ol rap or wig imitating curled
lii»* r spoken of at psgo 940 vol, V or the Xndiaa
.fafifociry Tburo were the long pierced oar-lob*)
and i be close early bulr, Imt tin* bountiful youtkftil
l ounlnnaaee buil noanggesUon of Hnddhu.and the
op|K*arai«e of the hair strongly suggested an urli-
filial covering.

Londo*. KoMMfcr 1870. M. J. w.

U«und toy* that Onuuma lluddbn on leaving
bis bon* nut off Ills lusuriant looks , ainl ns no
linages of bins were mode till long lift* r lairs
il«nun,tl»e characteristics nftlio lluildlia«A'i>i'rw*
of Ilia day wuulil U the only guide tli.it tbo
fabricators of the first images would ho<» lo
modal tbnm by. Then, though ra,d« or oivm-
inertal llgurea in caves ond lempira worn probably
largely in voguo licforo this, thorn were no
omul ides among lltoni with nharl nut laair | llilr
win Id ptutln the llml ortlHs, They would pro
Uahly out Urn i crossing cadi olhor nil nvur tlan

s:alp and very olcoo togoU.cn but the result
would not bt so oMMfaotory *• the work wunld U
luboriOQ* By and bye we may sapjicm llioaiillh
hetnoen the lines nua inentuml and tho smalt
knobs left Ixtween (icing .omiivlm ivuulnl. tin
ctfcrl would la? iapruvod, itud it would sain hi
generally adopted. When the Malidyima M, in
tlio sixth century, wero gaining Infiaunre by their
gorgood* r.nutl Ibis male of representing tbs
lour of Buddha wns universal It would lie curi-
ous to oampir* any Irasgn* (list remain of earlier
data or belonging U> the Himiylnnar piritnn i«t
This short luiir ia ooe of Ibo traditional pninlt nl
beamy In Baildho'a parson.

A* to tbo eor lobor i a mistnko is not unlYo*
quontly rnado here. A cuicINI ejiiminmUM <.|
many images eonrlncos nu llat what sppntr* la
Is n very long pimliint Uihu I- net always reully so.
but whilst tbo Wdio was largely prolong'd, aa it is
by ibo modem Kiitpliatss. an oloiignud link w,i*
ilMOrlod in the lower ottremity of it: this link Is
olleii tu|vpoecd to bo (ml <A I hi olongaled hdio.

lint ii mail tot ho forgoMm tbsl it .. put of
tho phyrloguixnecnl loro of tin Hindus, that * mini
with short ear-lobes is deficient In rnligionmew,
•r*l *»1 ho g OSes are llio aura murk of * good
Slid grant uisii I bunco IliidilU * liars must have
bul unu**lly long pemhiut loboa

II »o Jains TlrtUnkaras are aim re|ircwenled
with the same abort hair and elongated nor lebca,
ns llnldlin.

eifnuto Cs«r. \M January llifti. Rnnnn.

ROOK NOTICES.

AMlimtriir.s Lssr* niv Omnia tvs Vimi.urs
*"<•« stun in. Nmmri lummut vow IUiviik u
/.ISSVN I eins mm V list et lstsriialuiiial.ii tineslalotun
Cengevss as Vienna gakrOuteiirsiaaiilirlft. Il.rln MW
oil. DorkkanJIui*. I«V.'

The PiSm gninesl by llm uutlior of this many
was one liberally ofieml by the Italian (Invoni-
rn»*it, wbiili thus afforded a froali stimulus to
the efforts of the Kuropran xliolors whn are at
proannt dirncting tbolr attinilion lo llio tlltdy of
Indian antiquity.

I shall first of nil cnnmcrnlo tbo otmlcnle of
the work.

It is divided into three bonks. The first de-
scribe tho land, ila climato ami formal ion. Its
products, mineral, vegetable, and luumnl. its
inhabitiuita, Rasyua and Aryan, and their respec-
tive tribes. The second book treats of tho external
rireuinsuiKee of the Vedie people, their govern -
ment and law, their rattle- rearing nnd agricul-
tural occupations, tradee, eommerce, Ac, their

. ' I Mb in AecKet India: the tVltmtion of the Vedw
A r)mn« drsintod sctofdie* lo the ffsikklUl . s (him

ol«4hlng nnd finery, fotsl and drink, itinusi mem*
and wars. Thu third bo* gives an account of
tholr internal relations, domestic) life, nioml-,
arU and acionooa, writing and arllhmetlo, astro
nomy and cosmology. division of time, art <if
In sling, doit Ii ami burial, life alien death.

In hia prafiuw (pp. v. IT I Uit> BUtlilir remark*
that, tho materials which wo posw>a fur akeU-h-
ing tho state of cirlliattkm among the different
men allied to us m sptvcii, at the period when limy
omnrgnl from the darknemof primeval antiquity,
aro very different in tbs case of inch hunch.

As regards the forefathers of tho Uatmnn-.
Iliora is tbo Qtrmau/a of Tacitu., m which
wnrrelj any siilu of life ls l>'» undescrilwd. This,
oombmnl with their own Uugmigo aid literature,
capscially tlumi of tbo north, fomithes s pictm.
of theur prehisUiricnl life, auch us is oUsirml hi
the raso of no otlm kindled European rote.

The aoun-oa of our knowledge of the earliest

rmj f niirncJ l»y forth In^mnt.sirol Cmrfff.i s>f
On*«f '.alifiu io Klorctjcc. Ikrja . WcidiiaoD, IiTy.l

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY

[FenniH, 18 B\

In.toiy d Ihc Imlniw, Dr. Zitnmor proceed*, arc
u( ail ei ton Lull; different character. None of the
I’liamicUn*, win In Hiram'* w 4 BoJomon’e lime,
and uadoulit earlier, wiled to Ophir, mid brought
l M ck them* Indian ihim, along with Indian
production., giro ur any account of >ho peoplo
with whom llajf traded. Nor lure the IndUnu
my Homer IvfongiitR to the period preceding
their fnumgratkm lain Hmdu.uu proper « o«r
knowledge of *lii« |!00|tlo'a life ia obtained aololy by
lolleitlltil t ho « Batten'd ulludon. which »ra found
in (loir lurririug lyrnul poetry of that period
Yet tho literature of no Indo-Ovrmauic nuvi
U» re.oood from a remole aolinuity uneli a ma.ii
of hymn, tu are found in the four Vodio SutihfaU
of the Indian*. Tliea* Vedio lyric, are fortu.
i lately of a «ery rreli.uc obnrooter.

Tl-ir prayer*, hymn* of prui.0 or lliank. glv-
irg, .tipply u. with many moan, of in*ight Inlo
I hor mnniuM relation. and tho chjoola of their
deiitoa Tluy lay lure llieir vlrtura and vIcm
before tho all-MOMR god. Tho llit and dfku.rii
AiiuAiff#, which wen- no! ooopitad with purely
llturgital viea., coiiuiu td*o a numbor ot' hymn,
m.l fragment. which introduce u. iulo lit* iunee.
nnui life of tho |K«ple. Tho notice* which wo
Iln.oUaiu am the more yidualilo coming from
•MiHMiHiomrio. wlvo were taking * purl In Urn
aililr. to wliloli they refor. and who, he.ldo*. do
not nil belong U> uno period, hut plane liorhm it.

Hi dordo pra.nl* of tlieir popin'. life dui.og
*...«! reulurt-. The- 91 .U*. it la Wue, do |
not atuwor all our tpuMioM | regarding many
keen enipjlrlc. they nwthiUln an obnlinulo viUmur
hettlng tdito .urli point, a* tlioao (of which lha
-iter giro* iomo tiumpfoi), from wlutt the
It ,hl« iMinmunicaUS wo ran draw a picture of
tlie life of that I iroiy youthful people,— Wrong in
Mill in the g,.)., -which lc clearer and mure
e..»l than TuciltM give, or the flerm.n. To
.apply .itch u picture i. the author’, dcoigu.

I .hull ptwiod hi »t*le *otne of (ho rontenl.

. c I.ptrr. iv.. r and *i, p|t. 101* In which Dr.
/.imuiri trvat- of the Indian raw*, and trace*

H unehul furmitliun •>! iIk out* .y.toni wliirlt
utliiwunl* prove ili"l in llmduntan.

Iln- .Alert iwtllrmanl* uf tho Atyn- in hi.lori-
i nl Urara wiki iu E**t KWnill.tAn. and along the
l.inlu of the uppor Indua The different tribe,
advanced thence along the valley of tlio lndui
•uulhwanl* »t*l oortward. into the Innd of the
S*erm Hirer*, drovo the aborigine, out of then
il> .mithiig poafChMont, which they themulvtu
thru (xcnp.oi The oxpollcd alwnginee retired
northward tu tlio Him6l*>»*. t" »ouUiw*nI to il»e
Ylndhya mountain*, while m.uy of th-ir men
and women remained u» the *l*>e. of the iu

voder* (p. 107), Tho di.tinetion between the
two raora, Aryn. and Daeyun or Ddaaa (p
100 ), vii clearly marked by their difference of
completion (coma), the D«*yu. heing black and
the Arya. white, a difference which mnat have
been more .trilling in tho oarly ilayn uf tho immi-
gration, hoforo tho colour of the Arya* had been
much affected by the climate (p. 113). Tlio lw«.
race* ol»o differed in *pofrfI (p. lUh hut the
gisubdt different* •** bi tholr religion (p. 116).
Tire Duayui did not worehip the god. of the Aryan.
Of their own relig*m little »ppe.r., Hut Ihe
autlior incline* to agree with Prof. Ludwig that the
cpltltM fffnaduM applied to the etioinvo. of the
Arya. mean. pdafliu or finja-worahipporefp. 110),
Tho Daayiu are ropre.onlod tu hoing rich in rattle
which tlio Aryn* n.turnlly oovHtd. Until the
latte* hod guinod tho upper hand, they lived in a
.tale of lvo.t»lity with the Dtuyu*. Tld. condition
of thing. I. dUcoeuiblo In tlio conteuU of the
hymn. Bventually Urge Aryan trlbn. advanro
ea.twnrd and eiMli|ilor for good Ilimln.lAu between
the IIiuiAtay.. and Vindhya*. The large por-
lion* of the Ua.yu population wliloli did not
retire to the lull*, tmibrarad tlio faith of the Ary..,
and liooamn to aome eitent a..liniUl«l to thetr
coin pint) >r*, Tho .octal condition of the Aryn. alio
underwent important ohaigra i tlie <iMU.)*teni
Ikuwiiw mure ami Hum developed tho .ubjeolml
aborigine. oWiuod n recn*ni»*>il |..»itkm iu liter
Hiute, hy bnooming a fourth ee»lo. It i. not to be
iloubud tlml in the long period before tin* look
place, Aryan had lieoqme largely intormiiod with
uburiginal blond. Daayu virgin* aivl women c.mo
a* alavee into tlu huu.ee of the Ary., i .olive <>r
them may havo hocomn ml.Ueau. of Ika Ivonu-
hold. The word Ua.yu now dioppear. in our
olhnubiglcnl -cn-e, lihoiigh the inrae ctmMnuve
to !»• upplnd to the *l«)i iginr.;, ond i. .ncvHcdvd
by the nppvllucion bAdin The Utter word i»
unknown to tlie early V.dlo or* « it only uppeur.
ntoiig with IlrAhmaio. Hijnltym and Viiiiyn In It.
V. x. I>J ( I'd, a hymn which con only date from the
period when the Indian poople had b—omo diridrd
Into cla*.e“ imording to the llrAlimnuiial ey Mrm
(pp. 1 1(>. I17|. Jim alluding to what Dr. Zimmrr
toll. II* in pp. 1 IH(T. of tlio dillViv .t. trilx* of the
Da.yit.and of the Ary** thcPmcA. ;W*. Pu «*«-
f/iiAluy.A. nppcIliUKins undo* which ho uralcr-
Bl.niit tho Yedue, Anu*. Drahyue, Turvoine arat
I’dni" to ho mraut, »inl what ho *ay* of the other
tritie* nKiitioiHd in the Kig'ed*, tlio Tril»u». Bh*-
r»la., Ac. I come to the fuller account which hr
give in In* (Ith chapter aftlwconuitatian of Aryan
■uoicty, awl the formation of tho ra.tr ay.tem
Each Aryan Mute was filled by a king (p. 16.')
w U kc oflir m* often, thougli not always, hcmli-

**""■***. ibjw.j BOOK NOTICB8. 50

Upy, Itm toinctimoa flood it, though wliotlior bo
could only bo choson out of o particular family < 1 «.
put appear Constant obodionoo to him ig enjoined
<p. 166), and tho offering of gifts, uot tho payment
of tribute In nearly every tribe we tind (tmilict
ofbnrdi, who wore attached to tlio king'* Court,
and celebrated bia exploltBaiul thine ofhii people j
like Yotiilitba*. family among tho Trilm. mnl
tlmt of Ymikmilra among the Uhtiutao. They
had to livo chiefly ou Ihu king'. boaaty, and w
Bought at liir a. poMlblo to render tboinuiviiii
lndl.pen.ablo Offering* or libation., they mid,
were nut acrcptiiblo 10 Iudrn union. amwiii|uaiiid
by hymn, of prti.e. But it wiu mil et»ry king
or woullby man who ooul.l, on occoaion of inn
jnrUuit cercmuniw, prod non .uob u competition of
the proper tort A member of one of tho imuiliu.
of btrdt then took hi. place. Imumo bit fmiai'ufe.
If the eecriftco wet viaibly bleat, llio btiOt knew
howto tarn thi. rtroumtunee toaooouni, Time
Y..i.Ktht Itnprvetee un Sud4. (II. V. vil. .W. 0)
that it wat bocaote bn (V.) wm jmtWiVor, that the
'I'hUut were vtclorioiu, and the lllniraliu over*
come i and hi. o|i|iononl ViltAinilra a*.ori- (H I’.
Ill 53. 13} that hi* hymn protected Hie lllmrttaa.
The prlnco wiia ron.tanlly reminded how neon
-try It wn* to atuolt tho hnrd to hlmtelf mid to
roward him liberally. To giro force to Iht.o
decnandi, the bard# aaoribad l.helr rolling, at Well
•* Ibai' right to i»"« pre-nt*. to India.

The Mingy are in the Imrd't eye. " gmlhmt,"
riltj they rail llte liberal, '•|>lo«i-, inn. win Itllll
Ihtir duly.” (|| 1081 ) The ptunoula which ihn
lung, made to them were often princely |p I7»j; w
p.peololly nftor' victory over a diuiguroua loo.
If then 1 gift, me aoinoliinim etnggcmtcd willl a
purpo#* (lint of iiilluoiiiing other pHiion.) In tho
portion, of llte hymn, colebrallng liberality, .till
they were often ooiteidemblc. The tulijnf. of
the bard* - encomium# were not only king., hut
al.n wealthy men who employed 1 1mm

I’o.ting over ilio content* of pp. 171 -185 (from
which vitrWue detail, of the civil and auciid life
id the Aryaa might bu <|UOtOll}, be ounce to tho
•picitiiMi, propo.od iu follow., p. 18 * fl.ltho
i n.io ay.tom o.i.t in tlio Vcdlc ago f To aa.wer
ll.it precMrly. that nge mutt he itvelf doMni.l
If we undcratand it of the t.mo when all the
hymn, mid mom licit! formula, which wo Itnd in
the Vedic 6'aiuiiM. were in raiatctioe. tho ipiveUan
mint be an.warod in the affirmative. But if we
mum by it tho period when tho Arya. dwelt prim
cipully in Kiut Kihall.tfln. and in tho land of the
term rireri, and .ingle tribe# only bml advanced
towanli the Jumna and the (iniiget, Inalioctthe
period at tlio dome of which king Sudfta and hi.
Purohiln Yaaiilitha aland u* tlm Intent important

ftgurea,— then the eiiatonoa of CMtoi mutt be
unconditionally denied. After othar ruin.rkn. Dr.
Ziinmcr gow on [in p. 1*1) to ».y |f the Vedic
P«opla while .till living ou tin, [tlio wmtore no
doubt it meant] tide of the later Sara.vull. In ilw
lund of tho .even river., wa. already In pmemioa
of tlio Brihminical onltr, the canto tyitom and
a upccial primtly oIimb, haw deea It liuppon that
tho Aryan tribe., which had continued to owupy
llieae laltienMnU, were at the lima of U« rite of
the Indian (file poetry rogai-dcdaa half barbarian,
hy the Brilmnoiiod dweller* In MadhyndMu I
And the [ T-lndim. or] PjiwA.irfuin Kith. mm,
which Wibnr I //!*'. </ Jud. 1,11. p. .V,lf uf Kugl
Irani). } would regard u. theohk.t el tburo wurkv.
whun dotcnbltig the march of lliow lr.br. to the
Kuo. i til, my. ol them that - they do nut oUerv.
Uia Bidhmatkical ruhw i not being Itrhhmanuadly
oOatccraiod, limy the tangling. of the eon*

eocralol" (17. I. W> Did ll.eae tribm ream!#
tree to tho m.ti(nt4o<ii of iheir Altraaten, or had
they abandoned tho aair.nil limhl.on.l order uf
lliulr aooioty I Thu anawer will nol.oeai doubtful
to any oae to whom It in nut, a. it t* to tho Indian
I luwiloigi.il., IUI ertieln of faith, irnlid.nl with iholr
mcl here' milk, tint the to-’iul divi.lii. prevailing
In Inter tiiaca were primeval, tlmt tht divinely
favoured ftuhia of old wunhippod tho grab
oinetly a> their taooMtori did,

l*«t «» tl-refore preveo.l on tho mtahl.l.ed fact
thui thu V.dlc propb were anat^ualnu.1 with
the divlilim of .iHiluty Into ri.ti. during tlmt
|>eriod of tlwir dm. I| iii.iiii at lhavhwof which
King Ha illl. ami In* I'uiuhila ViulibVka upp«iar
aa the lot im|.utunt Aginpi.

■nice two men ami Ihu TrlMlU whom Un; led
aucctolod m Hie Imnout liattlu of tbn tan king,
on the hank, of tlio I’ar.Miol, in .topping tlw
ltd renew of tlio milled tribra of the Nortk-wratem
I'tnjkl. toward* the *cmth aaM. Hot th* Tfilau*
mu.t at lint linvo •UCCUinbed to a renewed i*vm
•loo, a* we hear no more of them, «r of any de-
■cendauta or tlio renownad DivotUtu *•! 8wUi,
wliilt* »ome of the trdieu whloh they hid o>er.
come in tint battlu, a« the Pflrur, uflerwa-dv
ottalnod to great |*owcr. Tho period which fol-
low. it one uf tho darkaM la Indian hi.tnry.
When we retch a period of more light, no
uncoil liter n people an ncru.tomid tv nit (fed con-
dition* of lit*. iilHllatioil. mnl religion, him.,
to to have bigiin to looe tho power cd undoreliuil-
ing the .tote of thing* dreceibed in tbr liyinu.
of the aneiant Kolti#, nud to luok upon tkeir
brethren ol l!io none rare who had roiuainod in
th*ir old abode., and adlurod to their andent
inttiuitinna, iu »eml-burtmrou« (p. 11‘lf).

Lvt lit eudtuvuur to make dear to traraulvc*

TTTK INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[FrnxcAin, I 860 .

W

more in lioUil, thu modi firat ion» gniclunlly imdoi*
»>ntf Iiy lln) ArvAit Ictluiu. The tribes in the
north- went of the IUnj&b begin to wl ranee
(mllicr iiiui Ifinduiidii. IVtcITml ilia, mid osir-
• unit) the font by whom liny ore opposed. they
linxe lo combine into larger m acres. One of lln
kings, tbii moat distinguished mid (x>»»<'r(i»l, is
•alixtttod wiili tho chief (omnuuni mid tlum
gum- yul more in ooiuiilcini ton. Tin) <>i»j«i»«iih{
irtl«vt «|V overcome. and forced lo aid in tin ex-
fi'liliiHi . and ll» dotlbt llmir lllliini loan their
hidcprmleuoe. Through revere conflict* with
■bo aboriginal Sil.lru, Uio extensive country
l.'iwwni ilm HimAlaya and Vindhyn mounmina
■» gained i bilge tract* on tho hank* ol tin Jumiui
and lianges are orcuplcil, TIiOM of tlui abort-
«m« whn del nut line 10 lire IdlU, orahraoo
ilia religion of tlioir cmvpicrcra. and remain In
ilieir villnitow at tidcraivil. ll*on«»i often oppecured.
mi ii.liia ol ll. i> Slain Tlio victors am umllaml
nvnr «li aMipiored unitary. niul oo their lighting
mm ntlinul Ire rcsldlly tulle- Mil, a- limy muUI be
III lit* umall prineipalltic in tho 1 ‘mijUi I'Um-
•Wring inroad* o( Um ilUpuiataaal rlxirigbte*.
will) hid rcltrcd lo a distance, revolt* <rf the only
n|i|ui>nilly subjected population, lil’o Vi Of Arynn
•nlic-, compel tin- ft a m rfl J |>urorclgn pit lion I lo
liivn nl “.)■ a 1*11111 of Wii'idur* annind him
Ilm ••null tribal clil>f* u>. il Un a lirga
numlvr ol fwlhiwoia Now, under lln* now onlir

tliHl|i. cliny wore deprived uf llmir power,
"ither hwolbly, or gradually through Die impor
unce of a single ruler, which constantly InoNused
In iroublone limoe, mid *111111 with llmir nnmoroua
limiliM and dnpmidan't 111(0 the p.-dion of 11 mer-
Ida I nubility surrounding tire sovereign prim*.

The sovereign «n» Ihua enabled m tho imull
Hud* which were cnnitniiily ooourring. lodiepetian
•Hh tho help of Uio people. the V id. Tire martini
■atnlMy began more and more to regard arm* im
llmir ooviipalian. lo dovclo t>mmuilvu. exidmivnly
in a military life, and lo trMenilt II a- nn in-
In-riUmce !u tlreir dcreendaaU. Tim itwl of tin
I siopt*. devoted inlirely lo nci-.i-nlliir.-. ilia Haring
•ifratOtvnnl pvaettililvtnifflrdipninie kws tkillcd in
I bo me of arm*, while the ultercd climatic eonili-
ii»i rontriliutnl more and more to relax their
margin*. In this way Iwo ulna are a me wliicli
Income always more *cpo»*ted Ip. IfOf I.

Hut ll wu not to I* tho lot u r tho warrior
•Ini* mnl of lh» ruler, lo reap Urn nntira hur-
veil 1 llie heat part of il waa taken front Umui by
where.

We here nren that Urn families of the bards
litre), held in high honour, at tho court* of the
petty tubal princes, whore exploits they cele-
brated. Bui thoir action in aixitlicr direction wu*

yul more important, and iiiflaanced profoundly the
entire nailonnl doTclopmetiU With their |*x«i.at
endowment* tin y livid in the ncmcc of religiou 1
limy bid lie fore the god* tho desire* of llie
prinoo* uml <d wtulthy men ; they landed in well
aim posed hymn* llie might nnd glory of the
deities, nnd llmnked them for the blanking* wliirh
they had bestowed. In retuin far litis -erviev.
they oltinined rich gift*. TI119 thu* acquired tho
reputation of h. tog more highly tpialifitxl for tho
worship of the gmU. for Llie ooWuution of sacrifice «
they In-gun 10 buul of living tho object* of the
*|>ccial famiir uf Ilm g-nl* 'fowanU tho rnd
at the Vodio porinil piMpirly *o nillod. it l.nd
altvudy breomo tho ruuum h>r tlw prinoo, im
hmuor lilm-nlf u> offer tho enorlflcae which wore
riitHMMary for Uiu Htiilu and Uio tribe, hut m
canto ilium to ho colebrnted Iiy a bartl ao gificd
l»m pvrsan imlrmh-l wlllt this fuimlum ww* railed
jnimAitaiywriirfiir in l( V vll,!l!l (1 Wo 1^ aVo In re.
•> Until won llie Aral to iwgmrofnn ilia /*■!. nud
It;-/. « 1 p 1 1.1, KI at* k I n tilt 0 lg II

Olid iddc*t fnintnf tin liiitinn prwwlhood (p, IDIIl

Tho cm ploy mnnttvfo Parohltn wn*, Imloetl, nt
lln* porxnl tualomary, hut not yet n duty bimliag
U|*tn III" prince. Hill III* priestly bard- .might
In Imprint* lipml tire hlllg the Ii'ce-.ily fin "toll *
OOlirnn. Tho flltict mil* uf the INirnldU, If otic was
0(>pi 'iiltil, l*<n. mil Iniwoicr ennllii.il In lino of
tlieaegifttill*»i<l- Kiir«‘ antie roulti fulAI them,
oa in (Im rnao of DevApi ( Yd.lt », Nir tihfri, li. I",
•ml II. V. Hurwue Urn ntTlee 11. yul hore.h-

tury in any family.

Ilut nil fin) ohjoola nl which the prle.tly l-iivl-
wire aiming timnriU llio rlato nftlin Vvillt* period,
were fully and amply attained by them III lire
Miccecdliig | lorlnd of ooullicl. fennunluliini and
rembiHlon. If there priestly Itutlor* Inul hitlicrto
bent limmmx.1 uml rommltnl hy lire tribal prince-
a- tnutol enumsdlor* ami helpers in religion •
nmttvre, their mdirnotiotl amnng UlO pmiplo in
rirlun of thoir actual or arrogated higher ipuli-
A oat ion- was not 1 *m. aapnulally if the* wire the
Inwla of iiumorou* familie* In tlio struggle* of
tlio pretty | «• nn . for Hupremney, lire lotiuillg of
■ikIi and inch u haul couinl* one tir lire other aide
wna. amaeqnrmlly. often doclsiro of tho i«*ire
Modesty was norcr a chnrartcrialir of the old
llishia: ntueli Iris tun tlmaa their iloatnindants
liitvo fnilcd lo profit by tho opportunity, when Ihc
king owed Ilia power lo their intenention.

Tire persona) relation* of indiriduola to the
(fid* iktlinoil tho more, tho o lienor there tinnl*
InlerTcned a« media U11* tho forms ilf worship he-
camo more manifold, tbo number of IhowremMihala
incrcusod, the result a of the sacrifice* were nude
10 de|<nd more upon llicir tight ct lcbrulion than

FesKOAM. 18W]

BOOK NOTICES.

cd th» lutontion of tho sncrillcer. The families of
(lio l»r>!a mrefillly prciervrcl tl»« ancient |,y mm
of llit'ir forclUtbcia which hail often visibly
secured tlm fntoor of the gels, ll>e cilimalion
of the hymns was In every wny eonglit lo ho
enhanced. Who else was il hul those priestly
families, wilh tholr pro ponder. nee of painin', sml
Ihoir In tel lee* mil and moral influenza width w»»
thus strengthened, time established on a imsr
hi. n tho worship in the compiori'l districts tif
HlnduslAnP And if tbry sought to make tho
civil inaiiholiona *l«o entirely dependent on
themselves, tins M easily understood from the
position which they hud slrnidy occupied. If,
now, them powerful aaaoolntmns, fcrmcil of iho
priestly bunt* of the peuy trihsl prinrw and
their families, which were nnilod by mmmunity
of Inlereau and identity of cduritiui, wfaoao right
of decision in divlnn things was arnroely disputed,
which claimed, and in many point. |usM*snl a tho
sumo voioo In civil matlcro also, II tho.o a«.o-
ciattons made Ihulr order dependent on birth, then
a close prle.tly oasto had been fortii.J, and aloud
over against tho ocher rlassea in tho Htule.

Tho rulers, end the martial nobility, wWh had
groan into a dlatiagulahud order, did lira, how.
ever, bow aabmiasively to tbo claim! Of the
p neatly community which bontm! ever ir-ire un-
bounded. It srae only after hard Internal strug-
glee, after being subjoined to npjirtsa.m and
* lolenre In dlfTerenl wny*. tint the prioels *ni-
ended In carrying thrmigli Ihoir dmnuiiils, nail
in moulding tho n lignins mid el.il lifo of the
Indian pooplo In ueearileiKO Willi their Mlculi, and
in a way uindueivn to their own advantage (pp,
IM— IW).

Wonder fhl wns tin* port I nne I ly will, whlrh tho
priestly da» inainUlnml its diiu, nnd always
brought them forward anew. They gntdiaslly
sucoooded in conquering tho roaistnneo of tho
king, and nohlna, and in obUlning tho reoognl-
lion of their four prerogatives, -roverrneo(.i.<A 4 J,
gilts (iMim), immunity from opprowkin (i
and tho Inviolability of their persons (urattprM),
Tim further Irau-lbrimiilo" of noisl nnd ml .glow t
life aceordiiig to their ideuU now advitucod
irresistibly. In order lo reur a furllnr horriur
brtwoon the clilforont broaches of tho Aryan
pooplo it was only neceiBliy further lo make tlm
older of wurriurs, — nhleh win mainly composed
of royal and noblo famlller, and which laid acquired
a privileged position abovo tho raua of tho
people, the cultivators nnd tradesmen— depen-
dent upon birth; and the common frw DMA
appertaining to tho V I 4 . then fonnid tho tltinl
ante, Hint of tho Vaisyae, As an authorliod

67

inemherof Ilia .State, was milled the (objected iodi-
genons (opiiUilon, which bad Imcnmo scroowhat
nasiiuilUtnl to tin Aryan in religion and I'svtoaa i
it formed the fourth caste. tlmt </ ihoSOdmB.

Tho iixulcr will, 1 think, Imve perused with in-
trust Iho e.tmcts from Dr. Zimmer's beck which
1 hare placed before him, and which appear to mo
to treat with ability a meal inprrtant chapter in
Indian history. the line and growth nf the caito-
syslem, to far us its gcoesis cue bo ooi^jtKUinlljr
traced.

CJ/al.rjMrpfiwkrr. IWD. J- Mu- is.

Isbun P.iiii Taira. mftwUd auJUnn.bl1ull7M.1va
Bisan Oiioiltt 1 JBJB,'

No I ".'tier acmiunt tun l»' given of MiaiBtokea’i
edict lion 1 -find iua Mary Tales, thaw tlmt which
shn bermlf gin s in tbs prufaoo 1—

“TTui fli-.t twenty. Ilvo stories in this hook were
told mo at Cnltmtu and Simla by two Ayahs,
Dunkniand Milmyl, nod by Knrtm, a Klildinnlgar.
Tim lust live wiro told mealier by ktttniyA, At
flrsl the Hurvauts would only lull iMr Morlm to
me, U'ivumi 1 wns a chid, ami would nob laugh nt
litem, bat nftrrw.ir.li il.o Ayahs bist tholr ibyiuai,
and told iiliniint nil their aloeiaa over again to
mollior whon they worn pk.sing through tlm prate.
Karim would iwvsr tell hi. to lue or bdfiro her.
Tlm alorl'* were nil told in HindlstAni, whloli
is tho only UuejngO that thrsu atrraela know."

Wu luvo thus tlm in -it uiitnnUknblo rvidenoe
that nil th ‘‘O U> foi'm pul ot the pqmlar |>"try
tlmt rldl lltns nsaung tlm propln ul India, and
there is no lea-nil lo su»|»ee| tint I hoy linvein nny
way broil niolillol by llnrojunn inllumcui, oseejit
no lur ns ilie tillers mast nervsMrily have moditod
them in oidrr to adapt tlinn t<i tho umlcntoivdiag
slid moral. nf on Kuglish vlii ■ I Ouo ibvloo. inmll-
Cent ion w | minted out and noeounlid It In the
notes. " In those stories the wind transklml Hod
is KhudUk ICiroptisg In • lluw king llnrtsl Invsmn
a I’aklr’ Ip. Kl) and m 1 Kdjl Hiirtchnnd’* Pitnhh-
mem' (p. 291 ) in which MuUdeo ploys a |nrt, the
telWrs of I he so taka would ouver sporiiy by nano
the god they spokrof. llo was always KhinlA, 'Iho
great Khudil who lives op In tbo sky." In this
they difTcrod from the narrator of the ‘ Oil l ) ™»»
D.iyr' alerter. whonlmoit si ways girrshergnd sand
gixhk-ue* thrir Hindu mime. probably hoc onto
from being n Christian aha bad no religion* wu-
pi OS to promt her from so doing."

Tho stories hove brou rtndorod into Bngltsb,
■liioh though aitnplo is clear aud forcible, and

One

some of them would, we imagine, be favourites ir
an English nursery, ns well as with chiklinn '/ 1

pii.aUl/ (<iuUU.

Tnn INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[Pr*ir<RT, IBS’.

5d

larger growth. Iti. unneccBtnry to dai^l upon mid, " You aro mil taken, God imdo me what I am.

tho intcicat thoy ■ ill oac.to In nil Mudenu of My flower In given 10 aheep to cot My cotton

folklcro. TUir value iu lliii respect in much mnkoa pillow - and raattresios for man." Slnoo

incrcaacd by tic no lot l>y iho ojlloecor'. mother, thill day no bulbul goo near n ootton tree,

which contain illaBliutiiMig from tho Folklore of We proceed to nolaaucor two puallela which jug

entry country lu tiro world, and aro otldonUy tho goal thomielvc. on a cunory poniard of the book
reault of diligimt and obirrvnnt •tody. It would The way in which Phaiouttl Rdnl M aapplooted
I* diflliult to find in tiny book so much erudition hr tiro tli.i .lory rvmlr.l. u. of Dio Giinacmogd,

|mck«l into .0 ntn-.ll a t.ir».|««. Wo might in- No. Ri itt Grimm 1 . Kinder trod //ittrmdroAeti, nl.o

•turno iu on cvnn.pla tlao ol.iUuuto nota on the of tho elury of llum Vvutl in thu KalUd Sa-U
|umoga in tho l.t atory, "Urr benuty light* upa S.f^a/a, Lamlnkn xii. Tnrangu 71. Par the manner
duHt ivkiiu" <|t 2M>). in which PhOliMli I. ruoovorod in the cod of lb*

A. a .pm until of tho Morlru wo will dlOMO »toi>'. nmn|nro UiO -lory of Ibunii of BhOamb,
the following, |p, 3t>) wluiU lii||un. Ur ho one of l.iuo’a droftiiia Nykti, rol. III.p. 3B0.
tiro rf.orte.t 1— | A modern Italian atory »nry marly rmembling

no IIM11I II nd t\e CUt>» Trot.— Tlnre won 'Iw Xlh awry ra quoted by Donfoy. I*a«r4afri 1 |frj,
nw> a bulbul, uoiloau day u. lm war flying about, V|J I- P ‘-'U, from lheXIlhvoJ.tif tire AdaHt
hi uuw a tree on which wai a liulu fruit. Tiro JovmI. I loro thu monkoy akin ia worn by a Udy

bulbul wn. much plcaaud arid Mid, “I will ait In the Xlth atory llirfd&l Dial addroruoa the

boro till till* Irult i> rl|w, uml llr*«i I will cot HAkBlia.n ». "unclo,” In Ibrr nofcrw a tulo ii

ll" So lie ib.ml.d Hit rnut uud hit wife, trod quoted from thu l.iduii darijony. In which two

•at. Ilium for twelro ynrr. without outing auylliing, brollrer. uddrtwu 11 tiger by thu urno propitiatory

and ovirydny ho .oiil. " Tii.inorrow I will tut lliia Idlfl 1 compnro tiro 7th Faldo of the Vtb hook of the

fruit. 1 ' During lirmo twolrc ycaraagroat many I'.iwlui.wru (Dr. Ildhler'a edition), where tho

l-nla in«l to ail on tho Iron, and w -tied to bmld mii.lcnl donkey rulln thoynoku) 11 nephew. 11 uml ia

thmr rioala nr 11, hut whetiorer limy oaiwc, U.o in turn addmamd by him na 11 uncle 11
bulbul erot tbum nirny, mying, 11 Thla frull It hot Sonnhrl'a hutraynl of llm KiU.Imm limit •

goad. Dun'l conui lioro. 11 One day n cuckoo enmo, parull.il 111 tl.u l.irayal of Angtiwkn by lui

and Mid, '* Why do you tctiilu* awqy t Why etionld daughter Aiig4iuvnL| in 1I10 I It h Tnrnngn of tbo
wo mi'. .Mini ami til lioratx. .* All llio iron. bum are AVM Anri/ &/yor«.

nut your.," 11 Nutir mind, 11 uidlhe l.olbul, 11 1 am lu lha XI lib atory llio epitclo of the eilrecuoo
going to •» Imro, aud when U.li fruit it rip.. I «. f llm thorn In the tiger 1 * foot, remind# u* of the

•hull net H." Now llm onchookimw that 4hi» truo alory of Androolua In Aulua O.IHiia, ». It. Com

w» tho ootton-tru-. but Ihe bulhul did not. F.i.l pare aim Ont>. Konutwrwm CIV The pinlilado of
o.mui Ihn bud, wliiuh llm hullmt thougbl n frull tin aulmuli cidli to mind tho .lory of Uodlilaaltvn
then tho flower, and llie fliwrr broom*. a big pad, in tho fl5-.li Tarangn of llio A'uMd Sorif $/y are,

and III* p*l liurala, mid all llm cotton flit. away. which ia tho mno at the aoomd atory in tho nppon

llm bwlbul «»• delighted wl.oll hi mw tho U-aull- ik. to llm Itt hook In lloufoy'a Iranalatxm of tho
f.l rod flower, whkh ho alUl thmiglit 11 fruit, und PeaiAu/'i./ra, "Dio dankbnrun Thiero uml dor
•aid. 11 When it ia ripe, it will bn a delioou. fruit. 11 unilaukluro Manuch." I'oi puullota .no Dimfay'a
Thu flower bccumii a pol. and the |>*l burnt. lal rol. p. 192 aud II. A .talking one ia who found

- What l* all lliia Uml la flying about T Mid llm In tho Unit HmMnr.n, llolin'a edition, |mgo 212

bulbul. “Tim frull rnual bo ripe no»,~ ho ho looked I'or tlic innidont of thu man coming out of llio alh-
into tho pi.i, nnd i*. wua empty . oil Ibu coIt<iii lied galor'a .lomnrh, oonf Klkt Son/ Adyore. Tnningu
fallen out. Then llio mickoo came, und wkl to tlio 74. til. IP.’lf 8<n nloo the olory of tbo Snklidora
ongry Inilhul : 11 Yuli wo if you Imd altowml u> 10 iu Ihu 25th Tnrnnga.

Conn aud -fl on tlio lieu, you would have hod aonio- With tlio ItcU in tbo XVtb aioiy conf. l lio elixir
thing gmal lu oil , hut ;i- you were ».lfl»h. nnd in tho beginning of Iho ».Hh Turnng.i of llie Ktlki
would m* let uuy one almrr with you, 0.xl ia angiy. Sarit Sdyoro. nloo tho pdyani in tho lfllb Sargu of
and haipuaiahad you by giving yon a hollow fruit 11 tho Rmniywud

Then tho euekeo nailed all Iho other bin)*, nnd Thu wonderful knowledge of KhelSparl RAnl

tin y enmu and mo.-kod llio balbat. “ Ah ! you in tho XVI1I1 talo may l»- |umllidoJ by Uml of llm

•co God Im- punished yuu for yi»r Belfl-Uiic-f," pificnr/d Biihmau lady in llio 5SUi Taraugu of tho
they said. Tho bulbul git very angry, and all Iho KnlM Sant .V,iy n-a, el. 17MT.

bird* went away After tlioy bail gone, the bulbul Tho hnrto KAUr iu llm XXlh atory may ho osm-

anidtoiho iron -. “ Yoa aro a bad irue, you are of |<i»"l with ihal in tho Widow 1 * 800. Thorpo'a

uau to no one, you giro food to no one.” Tho ireo Yalr /.Jr Statin, p. ZiS.

Fmkurt, IWO.J

HOOK NOTICES.

Tlio XXII ml awry may bu comp-red will) the
fable in the I’.iucAiifinVrn, prevkmil; referred to
under Iho title or " rfi* ciirvl'-inu THen naif rUr
uuiiuHurr MtwS." The <ji.<ilt oftlic aut>kiag
reoeuihle-4 nn incident in 8r<md'» K*phm>,Thor|<c'i
Yalt-HJt Stwiu p. 3W.» 1’or tlio laaka vc uioy
rompira the story of SringnbUtiju in lint nub
Tarung* of tlto KmM Barit Sip.-n,, mid l)io
nuiaorou* parallel- adduced by Dr. ltciiiholdKliiter
•u Orisiif u.f Ocniirut, vol. II. fi. KCHT.

III this story. ilm U4jlV* nun olunti four /ah'n
outofnUd, abuwl.n -tick, a rope.uiidabag.Hhkh
post*** nrtflio properties, by abOMlng fouramivain
different diroclinn., mid |H' rounding l U ni In run -ml
MoH thorn. Tbo bed tarried tbo owner wlillhcr-
•oovor bo wished to go, I bn bug goto itn owner
whatever be waiiud In tlio wuy at Corel orrlotbr*.
tbo l»wl gnve him *■ much water nn be requlrt-l,
nnd Ibo dick and n>|® woukl. on being ordered. bent
nd lie up bin emetine*. Of omirro tbo |>iii«'o
oaoapM by nmina of thu bed, white tho/olfr* urn
fetching ilm arrow*. TliU recalls Urimm’a ntoiy
of " Dvr Onbleiin Horg." In hie nntrs hn give*
•u moron* jmrel III n, on" from tlio A" (M H-rif Mimr.
Tarangn II i ninny will I* fimnil alwi In II. II
WiUcn’a 1‘olUrttd II ’till, ml 111. p. US. note.
Wn hate found another in tlio il|>l of Ilia Sicilian
Talon publUbid liy Idturu von Uonionlneh.

In the XXI Vlh rtory, tbotoftho “ Demon nnd
tbo King's Son," Ibo dcmotl raiiirn his daughter
to l« ib.. I nil ilny mnl allti, all i Ight by i l-.nglng
tbo |MiwUit>ii id two mil k*, onui.rwli. il i>nl bur
bead nnd limAlur lit Ivor feel III tbu 14 iw#p
Oi.ek.jr .lei... it, i.f AllllXIIU- IIMRCne* (l)ld"t*.
Btrlftaru Knhfi. p.O'O), I’nnpl. tnnke- Diiryllk
■ ml Mmillnui- dio during Ibo day ai>d runic tu Ido
at night by -pilling hi their flici*.

IV tlio way In nbluh tbo lionilna id tlio XXVth
■lory gin'- liur tiifornuUon abuul I'llnoo 8ubr,
compile TlMirpa'a UitlUr Storia, p. 300. Tin to
nr# an liitolligtnt pwrrof imd mi equally Intelligent
iwiia in tlio Slid alary of Ibo I Win J , i—».i«.ou/i
(Kc/til A'urif A'lfyure, Tarangn 7? I

Tbo XXVIIUi -lory of I'Aiiwpatll RAnl lithe
l-t ol tlio Vrtilla Pmrturi.i.efi, tlio 75th Tnnuign
of the Jt'a/W Sarlt S.lpar a.

TlieXXVIlltli -lor; i»ooni|«u>d with that of
Cpakott in tlio AVA,fpf/»«. tiuualateil by Ur.
Iliililor in lira i vdiv.v A nfiymry vol I. (Ovlobnr
IH72) p. 00f- Sea ulna Mr. Danmnt'a IHttyrfarr
Lrytaii, pp. 2 mnl Hof the prtaont roliimo." Wilnou
tulle a* (IV/rcfed Wort*, rol. 111. p Kill llmt
fcenida* being found In other Oriental rolled rau*
it in a story of ancient celebrity* in Europ* a-

• 8»*W fn.L A><„ —I VIII m> »JW. maul S«H.

I 11117 kerr mnl in* Hut tWv it a iiri.il. (..mild lo
Uit Utmiiultua uf Mr. Dauiut'- tl.rj io DlriU-nUfiir

'Cmiilnnt Du llnnitl oil Lu I'unicqui i.lln.pi im
Pidtro nn I'revoc ul ua Foreelicr’ (Lagreud
d'Aumy, FuAfisw W CW>r. I'ari- 18i», vet I V
pp. Sill— SJ't). Hie *l*o liK'breebt'i Iran-luUon of
Dtmlop'a ifhfory */ Pirfiit, p SMI, and I ho Iran,
lutole not" Ihiiitepi vpnwtm bi- bollaf that t
nimo from Indin through Perrin.

Wo flunk wo boro nniil eaougb to -liov Ibr
mi r.iino impoitaneo of tlicw ktoriii-

Ineimdadon nobr'g tooongraUilatullteaBtakci
on bat ing dono for Ibo Folklore of Northern Indn
what Miu Frcra bn* rlono for that of ibr Did bun.

C. II T

Klvt>>nrL-Millo*tiit— AC'olle>ll.iutf IVitial ail U.

trwinl I ’luxe, IViui.i U?»3t*.

It I* rirtainly a mailer for rongmlulation, thu
there are nt llio |muei.l dny niimeruii* iigiu,*ha«<
ii.g ll.il Ibo nltiiutriu of inuay of our oducuhd
|""|ib In Imng reiienuly direelud (o the proierva
lion nnd devetepmrat of Maittbl hlnratum It
cannot ho -aid, uf oourao, Ibut inurh har yot hern
actually done, -till It ia MOMthlug lo knou that,
alall oveut* In mnny i|iuiilirr, lliorel* now no—
uf tbai onld InddfuroiiOu with whirb tbo vcreactilar
lmigu»g>« of tbo country im.l lu bu furmort;
looked upon Wo in*y, ihervloro, fairly Lope
tlml. in proeoM of time, tbu ncur f.ulinii with
rv-|4tb lu Mnrillii llicratum my b-a-l lo very
• ol .'nut ini and tnngddo IrnoAla.

Tlio puld-aik*. of will'll tbo name head* Mil*
nulcii, l», m our juilgni-ni. one of tb* mart In.
portnul nml in- ill el lie (rediirliotn to whirb
tlio fueling rvfrtivd lo b.i given birth. WUtlur
in i’onnr*pi(iioe of ikfcrl of manigomenl, or of
■mno othrr nauia, Uul publleallon Ua* uol loooin*
«u widely known n* it ilerorrei lo lw. It core-
menorf 1“ bo puWi*bod In January 1KTH mil from
that linn till now the monthly part* have com*
out with pint l y fair rcguhrily. Tlio coutonta ON
divid'd into tbnw ( 0 |KinUud< |iarimrutr. -i>to *ay
tie fire* I* inlomtod lo rontoln old duramrwfa nf
M*r, 1 thl liiaioryi tlio urond iv lo cunlnin un-
pilhli-lied M ur Al.lt i pinimi . and the thinj ia (0
ooutimi un|iablUbeil Haiukritpoeinr- Tlio original
mnl ter eliioli the Ikiilor- arc to supply will cm-
brace inferirulk.il i>v«r>lin« the vnriooi plcte* to
bo published, nml thrir author-, -horl i>Xo- in e<
plmiution ofddBcult word*. 4c, nnd inlhcominofll—
hlilorlcai (orikiii, reforemaw from iIuhi lo lino to
(ir.nl DafT. /fitfiry <1 f ft- .Vr/.fllf*, olid other
Minihir work*. Snell i- llio general vlimnoof tbo
publiOalioDiiinil if it l.ee.ciitnl with, veil ordiiuir;
«ure, H cnnnol 1*11 10 Un of the groslo-l norvieo to
tbo iutami- of the iHcrntare ami history of Weil*

. Jil, n.’ flewlnebt* via R-rtirim. II.* *1 -
pnlisiM nnaoMMT} to a* <*> <*r 11 I.IJ »kun «r bat* .on
a *t»i lii< ww lu oor o"! SbaVi|KT"

60

TOR INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

ffMnun, 1880.

«m I ml a. So far nu llic undertaking has already
progrc&iod, no hare no hesitation in saying (Am,
upon the wliolo. tho work hss born ikmovcry jwli-
caously. In tho first deportment, no Imve already
bad one very interesting Bi«W completed. Il
If 1101 a concreted narrative of the corcvra of all tho
FoshvA* from Hdlftj! VbdiratiAlh dana to the lo»t
BAjIrAr.and hae been called iho ’ Prefer. Bi-Mur."
TIiu oilier, which in now In pnMos* iif piibllmuon,
ami whieli lion boon ntmol "Bids AMIiAV BaUar,"
relates to tlmt mual important ponnil of MirA'hd
history, tho period of Iho Untile of FAaipat. The
principle adopted ill pruning Uni II r»t was nulier an
nmintlcal ouo, »* tho Iulilori pcriniu«l Uioinaelru*
to roako aundry alterations in thn toil ol tho
BuUor iu order to render tlio immune more per-
apsamraa. U printing tlm second BatW, bow-
avor, tbey l«ivo abandoned tliul principle. and wo
trim they will not act oil it again with reference
to any Of lie oilier diioilnimtH they iniy publish
And line tho ruler, ilmt. u« the Bdilon them-
relvo* obaorvo, them ilitAnw, lioiidoe aitpplylng
the raw malarial for History, am also of high
•alec ua epecimuue of Uni old -tylo of Uard|Iu
proio

The Kdltora mention snndry other Bi 4 W<« u-
tiding lit Idialr poaumiinu, and limy are alao on
Uio look-mil for ininv. We li'.-t tint llmir effort!
In rewaiing fk<oin uhli-lmi tl<eo valuable rruords
will prove mi luul'nl. Thu duly nr nontribsling
to a trualwortliy noil complete history of llio
Marlibt pswer bakings osponally leu* in Woetern
India. But no ajilemaUo attempt had Imi imvle
in thin direr trio till tin publication of the wnrlt
befure ua. Inillinlnnl mmulwrs of (lie Bombay
Bntuuli of tho llnyal Asia!-- 8 ->:-ely Intro oftou
talked ileml llio laittcr at ine*mgi oflhoSorkily,
bat notliing tangible han yot rums oat of -noli
talk, whllo Iho Boctoty atill onllnuoi to riwolvo
from Government a anm of needy Hi UM p*r
month, which wai origin illy laluirleJ, w- Utliera,
to ho nppliod toward* llio publication ofdooaniMiU
illu-tniluo of Sltrl«U hlatory. We Imp) that
thorn who lime tlio control of Ihonff-lre of tho
Bocnty will lock Into thh matter betimes.

In tho neoand ilo|>uimoai of tho publication
before u» wo litre already Ine I nno or two email
pieces by the pool Vilntan *nd ono or two by other
and lees known writer*. Tho workii now in pnxeaa
of publication are. Brslly, lb* I'om reive of MnV-
Wtvar*. whom, Iho Into Mr. Kristins Slstri Chip,
lookar oacd to regard an the beat among M inV.lil
FoWM. and secondly the Pdrst Man fra BMya.sl*
of Moropant, which In remarkable, like most of
that author’s performanoce, for a rory ingenious
verbal contrivance. by which each stilus oon-
taiaa the Utters •fit d"** in Hut order.

although other letters intevveno. Tlie led lets, it
will l»> pcrecireJ, m,ike up n t.’uloneo moaning
** Silutigioil to tlio vcneeaWo VAsudeva,” which
U Hi* Jfnnfiw from nliioli tho work Uk«a ita
name. In this dapartmeut. the Editors barn aUo
oollreccd together eiMiio Utefill noun of informution
regarding tlio three grent pools whoso work* aro
embraced in it, namely, Viman, M u k I o 4 * o r,
uml Moropan t.

'Hie third department contains nnpahlished
Stnikrit poems. In tliispnrt, tho place of honour,
if wo may aiy so. was giren ton work culled
.Ifaktudhltsfe Hi (ua. Wo own thst wo luivo
boon Utterly amide to will! through the wholo of
tint work, And wo do not think wo can bo
charged with si|iieamislincas in our laslo, if wa
say, that wo consider the work an exceptionable,
us not to bi entitled to nny plooo whatever in
s toll a publication as tho present, let alone the
plnoe of honour We eao only ci|ir«M our gnfat
regret that the IMiuirs ihmild Intro thought it
worth whilo to prniorre aocli n pnrforraanoo in
print. Tho other plooO" tro, howovor, good ones.
Tin first, Ap imteA fmiMrl, is a work ftsctlbod to
.4 tnkari'.ihArya, aioltJio other Is a /Uisdyrn* by Iho
fa no.is Mtidthk MneoptlH, which ia rations
u. showing, uuiijng otlier things, tin same verbal
lllg-rinltius os (IkiKi will’ll murk his MtiAlhi
poetry. Tei. -mV his nut yet hint oompIsUd.

ll|->n tho wMc, wn trust wo have said omough
to show that tlda pcblltotlon ia a rery morilorioua
one, and deserving of tho patrenage of all who
toko nn Intoroit in Bmskrii and Mar««hi lilernture
and In Iho history of Indiu -espocially the liistovy
of thv Ms'UInt. It I* at present conducted on n
atnlo smaller Ilian is reipiirod by the nalurn of tho
siihjcols il dulls with. At tho present rate, it will
uVi> years beforn ovon n fur’y I»iko number of
VMiri m lie pahlhhod, And tho same Ihing
may bo said ot’ Iho largo mass of Mark*, hi liters-
lure which slill remains titiprlnUd. A* to Han*-
kflt, th® nail for aoeh work ia not urgent, because
thorn ore many olbor ngnnnlos »1 work dlrsnled to
llio publication of old Puntkrlt piece-. But ns
regtid* Uie other two departments, the publication
Indore os ia almost tho only ono in the field. A
few year*' delay, nod wo fear tlioro will ho no
harvest to reap at nil,

We have been inform'd, that tho only difficulty
in tho way of enlarging tho sine of tho present
publsratiun is the vulgnr one— money. We trust
tint the public will patrnriitn the work so an to
get rid of this difficulty, and wo ehall bo glad if
our tiolkn serves to introduce the publication to the
knowledge of a larger circle of renders than it com-
mands at present

K. T. Tiuio.

Mincw,

ANDHBA COINS.

r,i

BY E. THOMAS,

Anuiika coins.

,RS > CORB»:s«)XDAN , I' DC I/NSSTmiT DE FRANCE.

T N the Mu m Antiquary vol. VI. fr<r 1S77,
X pp. 274 to 277, 1 described some rvmarkablo
rains of llio A n il li ra dynasty ; simultaneously
making an appeal to our OOrrcspandrnts in
Southern India to aid in the development of tbc
ancient history of tho peninsula by ctntrhotii|.
additional example* of tho local coinages. Thin
appeal him lrt«n responded to from several i|imr-
»rs, but notably in I ho now acquisitions of Mr
it. Sowell, Madras C.8., Mr. J Surges*. and
Dr. Codrlngton.

Those contributions enable me to place the
preliminary outline of tho Bcrioa u|»>ii a more
scientific Insis, no fur as the srqncncoof ruins
extends, and I have ventured to add some sag.
gostivu not.-, winch may periapt, pro. . ,4 value
ill thu more advanced stagi-a of tho enquiry.

Family Coin*.

A .— MJimL

No. I.— I/Oad, with trace* of eop|*r. W light
220 grains. Rise t> of M ionnot's -oak>,

(Mwia— A c ruddy-outlined delineation of a
primitiro niNuif bow, with a broaJI)'.liurlx«l
arrow, in position.

Isiiiml — ml mtft jirn ffrrw fui

/••■no .Vnihit'i'^wfom iV*itf/M-f.’iiiv>H

(Itukun). 1

1 " Hut aU «i**«||| Rliv MI'IW is »*rp (tutlllf lili'k (llljrtfi.*

Arv4«b Ulsi l>WU tlo • >«I'IU till lUH »lllllAs'r iNllil***) fimt

Ilf i» fMlMUtlUf fi*lltf, IU«» I imllj.

"’11m Itilii- ArjMi «(••<! I f i ksi«i»«.VtV!, I », i« lint
finvl \y iUlf U MiiiiliU. Ini! ItimlM* to Hik crmitul.
work ttf *vdr/ Koiil.il i«iiiiiuim4f. A kutltl fithitfu mils
##*tiiil»ll> *tf u •iiikIu vtrwt, wl*h liiit'i. .in mill

ill Out iiftUsmot fiiiiitiiiK Iwlwiwu - tttll'O lliimirt.*
h*\t.ki. II- tllvsjf* of

W

tv* II** Afclf.Ai.
i l*w."- NV. IV. llutWr. KutiiJ 1/ U»Vmi

«t*>U» J

i» i:u.

BUttfwnmU) ltrlm.1 III* Il vAn c4 1

ljt* wtilifc lu.

Utuo JMsft trlii** f*#.% - KikI

TliU min I* lirnf/il u* Mi\ 11 of Imlraji - Plitm.

Tk»

ur»rf*<il ikiM lcim‘4 mi il.mt lliu iihmmI •nturiiNtJ-
f -i' • ...

Fvrra»uo. Trt*
• III cauIU.o

r r m«(|imiii«» t»f

M \ut
•ork •

miis '4 1 all* no r.o|t.Af* rv|». sfr-llj in

Ua) KitAHKtil ol - r *11 work *if tku AHiirAti.il Torn* Iwm

* 1V» wavy

will tl *11 work *»r On A Hurts it • loim I*

. Tr* n.i I AV, |*. Il'.tr. |il*. iMit, Ivl. xtii kt . I
a U> fHo it til l» lint nmitulit, it muioAiiiully

n|tiB>Am oil *Ua uf thu duf»T.

1 For*i*-.u, t. OnU #, IIW. AnnnWi Tof*. PUU>
limi. lOtff OW. H*-r tins r. t;x II i« i«v»rl*ut to n.to
thit tiik acvoii-bfiux] In otirh In* rtttikiml to Dili Uy
rho sitv^f rtr •*«rm‘uitiftl Pvitilul ci J loiter fcl Ikmnsl ttU
the Iteal CliilJ Mulims. I'rinKt*'* H*U

No. Ac.

Mr Lytll *upf^ir* m wtlh nt» Inlmvtlaff nr^o tifxa
Family tra*. bud Uieir worship, wliioh imy j. n utoto

A0:«il • DirfOl tlliuiulioti of MtlltO tif l\sf tflfUM III Iho

Toi»«r—

Iloftrr (n nrlwtiajt tho KmN toJ mlur

trtbi* loch tu dm sf» *Mk, ffhiiii UtHtdlt wtbt thr .lt <lm
w>»rthlp(*^tl »t Buirriw Krit— Miim ; ihu fort IxtUtf lUK

fn one rxnmplo n t thit typo, Iho worife
r>Tr RtfoMadM j>vf<M0 aro clcnrupon

the margin uf the nri^innl coin, which lion hern
FiijhwfnieA, or fx»rhaps reentt irregularly, with
n tho nr Htarnp Imaring tho lillen of n»T ifhrflf gif
l£aho C ! i Vn m i • p uf a • n , w h i c h woixl/i uutl er) i n o, m na
?nmr noniifirclQ, iho profions or norauJ impn»»u f *
|v i/w.— A « r ArrsfyT,or oonrcntu.-iiui] doflnilion
of n A»/m or tnnmhiev formal of four iwt of in.
VcHod »umi*circlcM or nrrhnsmirniountid tiy n Imlf.
moon : at tho laino of tho nerving ou %

}u tlt iiivl, in xn oblong *\xvx> fllloiMn with aboil
ivjircii'nlution of a icrpunl, in tho wnvy ihttTvnii
of who#o omvnrU cttiime, l»y way of oompkitag
lliu |<» I • i* r *v , uiv insi<trtA«il flvo Join 1 totho right 4
oltliocluMlyn, riuing fromlhccnj of tho poiloutal,
i » ms»ii Iho uuvitn* left vetl laurcd, or pitofrbty hi»i\‘
iliiury, fiunily trvo 4

No. U.* - Istiful, with irwjoa of r»»|ijicr Weight
'-SH gmina. Ki«u V of Mlowiwt'o •eule.

Of* •*r«e Dunce— Bow ami arrow, m nhovo.

FlfWt Jfrn

Ibrfo VWvrfya-Kvratt

/iVwfif-SInilfcir ilovieo fo the nbovtv with
tho Impnriant miMlirtnitiiona — Ul, of flio Innor*
t inti of proiuiiutit ilutii within llit M'inl.cireUw of

CtrtftU fisillit* IkU In Utortr |uftlmW iNm rn.l fUul*,

ltd »i urtfiiiBt* U»o l#»urhf* i f llu-rt Irwiwrt.

U^ntlWI, wi*n*ri t.llttr
I .slf if It*. MM

limit#* Il y mill I Ml
riTH«rt!iiui»n*«htnt!ito l nfll l**bn*fii

ill«» v ml tu r«J kouuar In iWtttM k,*i of Ivmi. *—
A.r. I.n.ll, #Ami 't+<r .i/f^r4r(Oojubuy. MClH |. IW.

Mr. I *11 ihrwWr- rciiurlei At WiU •llu Unk-in*. nr*
•tnHly ino##f«d' , -«|r#UllF "«u tW» tkiulty tmiiUt,

Imo-jri# ••ms- iiiMi.liiK «'ly { 1 **» k'ifM lli«ltvlfi<

•I ii i in i «lH|ilm*arn Ut« mml ilm ilmt»Umi fr»m

Ir.lmii." t* * «i*> J#nT. M.4nrik itkvlitp t.

h IWU.^Ij* I XVIII p.t71»/«# IHi| W|5*nO^ IFnrl.
wl. IV. i* W Hnj II. N. mil. 1. 1 1 Curl, m iUi .lli
► TliU h III** »uc u*t»# w itir Y«Mi .SorptaM
tlimrHl rwiiiflffnr " irrf •vmI." Ui* <M«lu ^ a«sl M •!
llu i Ytti in ^4f*rnMmt in o«i r HtHfemi Unit

" N. a it ^srnl lkiitthif.lmii4.il, nl.taMiAmrwM AifAfr,

( f ) irutW iwc-*t brntitifal «e mil the aid flu
rriMi of luTH.un^MtM* dwirtbPCT** fJUp jpwtutoff
pn^i^ilj upon l-rj fo ahe w n.mmitud to «l» of
tt.i iMiiiochf in t*w earn of lu*n un.l ehe wif tort
eiKtly ichvIhI milk -wl <dm «» B^at plnty. DM
trim <y^tlv •itrtmnila. inch m h#rli<i.1y to at

Mw«r4 * l tritlni . nr-1 lU* mnml to* *} w*™ *'F

nrruH, vko m%T% U ntiMilier »JO. A».l mUjii the n»nu<k

till riTtrt tk<* %*mrimsiliidls«s<i Miftm uliy tmOlkd, mlh< ‘fHTf

nivab* md t — A.-." J. ..phut, AiU. l;k. *: t. J* F

UM>tramlMi:u. 8utU .lW»le»t of l.»tki u. U Now

whoo wry imid'* turn mjicunr Im#?« hi toktttf AbUM’na*

Xt'rr ,1,P I Oil >.B»0 tWDhO llr H-.lH, t» lb* MMIUlf

..Mil. wvnmilfur ... avw tl.r day- of tt*ir jenki^M

aeninipliilii«a. locothl with od of mjTrj* aul o.i

iri.*t*b * with m.1 Oiloor*'. wd with tliimca for

tV-punfjinxof Uw vomc^ 1

62

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY

[Much. 166(1.

which the Chaitya in built op ; 8ml, of the ordi-
nary shifting of the tarn'd troo from th* right
to tho lcft-hauJ corner of the pedestal.

(?.— OllTlMI.

No. 3. — Land with traces of copper. WoighU
varying from 1H0 to IOC grui»e. Sue 0 of
Alton net'* sen lo,

Obier/i JVww— Tho Maul bow and arrow.

Xeyeiti— rtj ilnf-t gr*! WWS ^T*t.

( iWiin/>i)iiMi t7i//nfya.t»niM. 1

lUoiitt Ikwioe Tho general characteristics
of Ibuae reveniu devices on) similur to those
of tho two varieties jn.t described. Tlioro *ro,
however, some peculiarities to bn noticed.
There arn no dota within tho ucwi-circlcs of
tho framework of tho Chaitya a a In tho
V n a i 1 1 1 rum., tho .acred troo ia u.ually
placed on tho right : ami tho Cluliya iUolf ia
■nraountod, ni limns by a ahakra or rayed
drolis' donoUng n|>|mtvntly tlxi ann, aa opposed
to tho half ■!•'« of Iho other local familloa. Th..
idiot TO again ia often replaced by I ho flgnn. of
tlx' 8*' ulika or aymbollo oroaa,* which ao often
n|i|icara with other objrote of Woraliip on tho
ancient Punch, ilio ooins >u nud ilaowlioroi hut
whiuh, ui line instance, rim only ho taken to
typify nml repa-urnt tin? great luinmitry Itself.

In thin ariungvMiunt of aymbuU it roinoldm
with th# dovms of tho unique coin of 0 h a *-
ta n a ; whnro tho Chaitya retain iU ordinary
Mparimpooed damllono, but ha. a aooond Imlf-
moon in tho field on one aide, which ia InlniwJ
hy a ianll-l.il nm il flgiiir of I. rayed ann on tho
other."

No. 4.— Copper t Small coin. Weight 33
grain*. Sim 4 of MionnM'a acute.

Obvr/it— Simitar ikivino, Ihiw nml arrow.

Bn«ol'ifril*o.;iuhMaViVli»dya.h(r4M.

No. 4a. 'Similar coin*, ill weight about do
graiu* — bearing Uic legend 7fi«> (Minni-pittam
t7tMcifyo-& annul.

fitaeim— ChnityM, with the sacred Iron placed
Ji'eeMy above llio npex of live cdilW

. r Ut II li#*T tlol M »

• a*) \» Into 1 ui th# wm

C>ia So. 8. but 1 bite It * • iu*i

On #cmnt Iru*. iVa, «4.nin< ta Tty

• V th* nmt u ta iUlrfejMitu'i liirtur Ii

'Bo-

mrforu r*f Iutlr#jl *
I dotnlU fum, <n i
f.bt o/Mn UunUr'i. nlKf* it i# wt dimity it.mi tW
lift of thn Clmtri. Ut pl**d oo tbo ri*Uk*o4 unnr th*
tM~th# Ul!*«ooo. b tbit rcwiplr, appear* on the **n»r
U«d in ipruwnt ot ttalMWO to tW lift

* ^ Kw# v ad M UiV'i I'bte# / If. If. K A. 3.
wi. xiiia p m*.

I lx *yi t PI. SI. r* I, p. SIJP; uod aj

Monogram*, in tbo field. No. 4— Letter*
■ectningly ropreaenting mr (Ulhi) or (hitd).
No. 4a, a letter very similar to a ChahUw-Pahlvi
M — it, with n e n lion* idillHo figure like one
of the ajraboli on tho IU t h I g n in p h 4 Rook
Inscription ofAira atDday uglrl." It may
bo added that tho other luwiciato dorioaa on tbia
rock roproaoot tho Kmmachakra or " tortoise
symbol" and tho b'uwtiia,

I lure .e|i. rated, in this catalogue. tho family
or general nmUirnlty-doaoont coin*, from thoao
whiolsin additiuii to tho tribaloinnceatrul rooord,
bear tho iloflniW namo of a reigning •OVSrdgn.

1 p ii fix for tho parpewoa of oonip.»rioou tho
Purlvik Dynmitio succoasion liat, which, howoror
impirfeet, in ita more exact detail*, ovitlence* a
certain meoanrwof value ami authentic aothority,
in tho oonfirrnation affotdoil to ita lending 1 UI .1
by tho appoaranc* of so nuny coincident namo.
on Ilia Oilnnt coin* described below.

The IVsAnii /'arJjil'r luuhrig Colt oonUibuto.
the following series of th. Andhra king. —

“ dularnutn, dm Kaiyw^ wUI U. killed l.y a
powerful servant, nutnnd.(l) 8 I p ra k a, of the
Andhra trlho, "ho will become king (and
found the Ainllin>bki(lya dyruuty)

Ho will ho succeeded hy hi. brother (2)
K p » h n a i

Hu son wilt ho (3) 8d taka roll
Hi. son will lie (4) P A rgotanngai
Hi. ton will bo (fi) 8 A Ink a r, I ;

III. son will bo (6) h»mboil»r»i
Hi. son will bo (7) I v lla k a (V I k n I iU) i
III. .on wdl ho (H) M o g h a * w A 1 1 1
Hi. son will In* (!►> Pa 1 «mat (P«jf«Mdpf/)j
Hi. miii will bo (10) Arishlokarmani
III* MU. will be (11)11 Aliii
ill* ion will bo (12) Pattalaka (Ma V .)a-
lako P) |

Ilisoon will bo (13) Prarila.onn (Pori-
knihnvft r) ;

I1U M>n will bo (11) S n xi d a r n (imaieil)
&iixthKX\n \

» lUfloWt ri4*orl na KilkUtri* 0*1 K*rkh, I974>S|
rtfUtu 7. p «7 I ml.*, PI. I.

n. 33. uii J Mr. Nurtaju J**r. )ii. ifowrk R.

1 t. Till

i iivtMinly <

of lino. It tvw m rrtiiord

A. 8.

Amnut /.

UtyhU, PI i

a 7. n. M.ttiiJ Mr. NuMou J**r. /I#. Amn
. IX. p. «U. Tlih c«»iiibii* f .i *n of tb? ran ani th^

m#Uta lo Wikt IDNMirtlr cowtitutai) ft Inal id## imnl nvry

M-iiY (U#mi of 114/0. It «\cu m rrtiinrd its kMopn
irai? opilliM iu I mil* Urtt it rrapi«ur# ou t>wi iM^r cr«M
k Araks# Jour, drastic Sc*, Ptbrwr I ***

^ £eiW» Oriran. Am*** RmmXn »n1. XV.. M.
K.ttoc. Joi i»xnl A‘^Hc 80 €. H* np.l, sol. VI. UM7>
KC:. Pbtol«b i #utl Bfp?nd nllb a tb# JVx<#fOi«p.

8. Ik'+jal fvc pa** lO.

:> p.

J» A.

Mate*. IBB).]

Andhra coins

Hi> son will bo ( 1 •'») Chakont Sutaknr-
nim

Hit boo will bo (10) Si run wit,,
llid son will bo (17) Gotomlputrai
Hid ion will bo (18) I'ulonut;

Ilia too will bo (111) $ira*rl Sitalnr-
pin;

Uia aon will bo ( 20 ) Sirn.kandha (iho
HaUja lull a (> i t a k a r ni) ;

11m .on will bo (21) Taj Bair 1 1
Ilia non will bo (22) V »J n jr a ;

Hi. .on will l* (23) Cliandra* r I (Dan-
4»*ri) i

Hi. .on will bo (24) I'ulomtrobi. (Pu.
lonulri).

Theoe thirty Aiidmbbfilya King* will ruigu
450 yoara.""

Tbo total number* in (bo Kijnl mommIoh
above coomuratcd only reach twonty.Cour.
Tbo olhor /'urduae ant equally, (bough irregu-
larly, dcfooliro i (bo Ualtga liat ia (Ko foUc.l,
and retain* twenty. nine nainoe, with an aggro*
goto total of 435 J yarn..'*

1‘cnonal Coin*.

Qot.nI’i Duamiii.- - Ya*» tUrAK.im.

No. 6.— IlroiuMi t Weight »40 grain, giro 7.
Sir W. Elliot."

Otirerm Dnieo — Imitating in muiio ro.podo,
tho normal typo of tbo prowling coin*. Tbo
CAuifyu or to)', in (Iiih mu, enema to rcpi-ncnt
■olid earthwork »« dinlinguielmd from tbo MU-
u/i hollow outline of tbo curlier t , x*iii|ilr*. It (•.
a. uanal, .iii'uwantod by tho balf.inam, whilo tlio
conventional tcrpwit nl tbo luittom i. loll /cm
and dear of tho tUipn, tnoouBood within tho
lino, of a timid poduatal. Tbo Morol truo it ul.o
wanting, and in iti plaoo i. auppliol a lotnl or
wntor-lily on tlio one »ido and n oonch-alioll on
the otbor.

Le/cnd —

oft nfgfn inn fttff bb e»««*in.

Ratio Qvlami-pulma Siri Yana Salakanata.
tlnene — Four circles, each conipoaed of a
cent nl dot ami two concentric circle*. con-
nrolod by eomi-circnlar ligature*, aurtnouaUd
ap|iarcntly by n half- moon , forming, in cBi-nl,

" Within' ■ '.’I tV. t . .... ,<l *11 ...11

r:l IV p. nil &»afc> Prinnp'- KMinit. .it. It., t.'itf.l
JVUm. p. MI, AiteU’ Rr.<w«A«, IX. ... 101, unj
fl'.laf .fuitAUf. J. II. A. S. (M S > ml. V p. fO. ole.

>• Wflacia. ItVI. rot. IV. p. tin
*• l'lcur..! u Xo. ttfl of k» original pitta ti. Botiai
f.'omal af&Merafiw# end AWear#, ml. III. Mr. H.»oll
h*. u,Mur uumpla Ipx» Aiuulv.ti wrigtiog ait. WO

n lending tvpo of tlvo pattern, conventionally
known an iho Ujjain dorioft"

GotamI Biuxcii— Y* 8 a Sim aim,

No. 6. -Load. Si*o 4J.

Obirric — A wcll-cieoulcd figure bf an cluphnnt
to the loft-

Zeyutuf-nr utb*i a*" foftoB p*w

lUi< OoUMipaUuSkl Yah biial*.
Bmrte — 1 Tbo iwsnl Ujjain Symbol.

No. 7.— Van ui U of tbo typo of No. G.
Oiiew — Tbo leading dorico of the olrphaal
in rctninod, but thu animal u profanely adorned
with hood-guar, Ar.

Lrycad— gw HBC.

Yah Suliita.

/fcrerte — The Ujjain tymbol.
l’bo fuiuia of tlio letter* of tlio Irgunda of
tlicoo pioom clearly oaaign them Hi a later dale,
and potaibly, tou ditToreol looolity, fiuui that of
tbo pro to typo.

(iCIAUI HlUtOII — YaB.\ tlTAKANI.

No. 8 ,— Ibo. 1 Weight ro«tuin*. Huo 4
i/i iv/m~A ItjUlly aunk die. bearing a well-
ib .lignin I Ggum of n bon,' to tbo loft.
Inyrni-Otr dpifg IBB fttfe UW B ..

/fofaf/.yimi.pufJM Siri Yah StlaU
H' eervo— The oanvontiotml Ujjain tymbol.

No. I*.— I ««d. Wright IS8 grninn. fliac t.
fJtdtre.' — A wclbcavcutcd fignio of abnmoto
Uio rtgbl, 'hi I f-m. i in tbo fluid.

Acyriuf— n nunntB.

6’(otami jviUna)

Itenru — Ditties iudi.liiigiiinhablu.

Vdaijnt llcAMcn.— Y«* opa»

No. 10.-l«d. Wei, [1.18(1 grain.. Situ i.
Ohtnw— Small CAeifyd, oompeaed of tlirw
hollow ioTcrtnl .rmi-rirvlca or archca .Serpent
/'real the foot.

Legend—

CHI BlfBB 3 BB VK <mW.

Bail Vd»lh<yputua Siri Taealau. [YaoxlivP]

Havana— 1 Tho oonvoettonal fear- fold .on-

VJ.rtnt BnutcB.— PciOMtv.

No. 11.— Lead. Weight 8G grain.. Sico t.

Mr. Sowdl'e coin" from Ondivi]i.

■■ ■

•• J*%m « I .In if.** A * t.»!. \ II. |«Md hi.

Vrinf um 11 n Ik*. S>. H. Ac. Auittab

()ri*+ fiUi. i ti. i. iiUUtfix* f*,C
(IHV4.V I’taUe m»L, uiii. Wpbw n ***** »»f •

i»>ii|ttiBlt< 4» ill CnUo - * TM« mniBKh i-in-'I Um

v\ lva/ti on lb« MuliUhOpo ti U? ffM, and liw Bft f«nf /««*

in Uif ttf Uif four cxnbVfrtg .if Uia — «it. •+& of »kkt
io4i k UVh."-Af.»UeMa»^ Tnw. !» 2t9.

■’ !ko lUo to (raring m .die UC*'. 11.10 tL Cgun

glAlUt-

TIin INDIAN ANTIQUAHT

f M. wii. 181m)

•Meet** — Snail CKai fya, with 3 arohcs. 8ur-
pent at tho foot.

legend— nr nr zpr"" ft*.

IIj •»!< Yu ilk O-P Ulanl...Puyu uuriMua.

Rwk — Tho usual Ujjnin symbol.

Visual Dasucii SivaIhI.

No. 12.— Lead Weight ft! gmiao. Siso 4.
Mr. Sowell'* coin.

OAwmi — C hnitya a« above.

LfjeoJ— nt «r«7T Jglf

flifo IW/Ae-pahiia £it«N*nrn.

Deu/tc — As usual.

Vlirjiil BniNcn. — C imndra.

No.I 3.-W. Soot.

OW«-Chaity» as usual.

J.oyimd—

v *iftrti tth toft ni turn
/i'i "" fWsfAu.jiuirsa 8irl OklmU <ufu*i».

This reading of thU legend is to a certain
cilonl conjectural. Tho abuiluto lottera of tho
aurao woulil bo preferentially rendered «tnftt
IWnsfsM.

AVo.r.o— Tho Ujjnin symbol

Gumit.

No. II- W- W 0 |gfct| 18 grains, Siso 5.
Mr Sowell, from (JurlivliM.

OAiow— IIo«wi ut tho right.

uif— In ooaraoly engraved let'em—

» toff

R*«o Sirt CWo.a.

Tho ■ymbol.

Ko. I4«— Wright 70 irr\in« 8ixn 4. Sm*lt
ooIdn «f •inulur tjfMH, but of superior execution.
The Io^mi I iUulf doom ft t»> bp moPO full uml
nomplato, utvi tho IcUcm aro bolter femur.!.
Mr. SowoII'n specimens wo not in r*yry good
condition, bni tho legend mma to run—
nr Mt •»* nmr.
ffOHO Siti Ck$»d ft AQldAM.

SlTAKAXXI Cot ft*.

No. I*V — Copper ? Wright (average) 3A
gram* Sue I

f)A«w.**— A woll-oullmul litfurvof nn elephant,
free, trunk erect, without trapping*.

irwrto

Sin' AV.fato.ri.

111! : ml (loit Cuaiisuhaui. Aartml O.rymjAy
tUffllpsuoMl, s:e tU: Pro*M»rlt 0 Bbuelsrlsr.

>-*» I’P M-H* So. in. NUit
lni'M|it.:n, on ihe HO tij, in tin forliialit of

lln.hiui in Honor It* nlnrt<«i "* the Kinr Sri 1'ilum.ri
.,f VUA1U" left IpnfTO.

Mo Ms sis* «uius»eoi<'« <mnn<rr gifirit jaTffrirj.

Recent — Tho Ujjnin symbol.

No. 10. — load. Siie Weight 35 groins.
2 specimen*.

Obeertc — A etude figure of an eJephanl to tho
loft.

I.fijard — nfdn Sarirnna or SobVaiM, perhap*
a repetition of tho name, but not necessarily
Indioaliro of tho personality nft.be groat monarch.

JImwm— T lw Ujjnin ay mini.

Rl'DRA,

No. 17.— Load. Similar eoina. 3 specimens.

Logaal—vt ««

Sir* Aula.

Tho * is on on* o coin km given an |, and tho
It, if mqairad for Ilmira, has to bo supplied to
tho cutting con toil.

Bum* Coins.

No. IB.— bad Weight, varying from 218
to 850 grain.. Siios from <1 to 7.

Mr. Sewell. II ooins from Atnortrati."

Obcem— A iplritol outlinoofa lion, stand.
«"«». lo the nght i to tho front, a w|unr.«
pedestal with nrosi linos, al»re which is u
slandnnl upright lino inlaraootod by four rows
of bars, funning In odIVs. t with Mm oonlnM suit *
serin of fmifropeatml triJul<u or tridimte.

/.ryrod— Al»<»0 thu lion, In aonowlwt in.
distlne* loltoro, ir*«*n mtonlosa Of a<nr«rq
MlcMiaryit, fkwbak ?

This is parhaps the most appropriate pln<*» to
notice tho motallio COnotitnooU of tho coins and
the ooincident mcwlianical applianees of the
Andhra Mints

Dr. Percy linn taken so much Intoreol in tho
former qooitlon, as to have the family class of
ooiaa exhauitiroly Ualcd in Ihe Laboratory of
tho School or Mine*. The larger piece prove
to bo simply lovi, retaining only no far a tnum
of oop|K-rsach at Urn local aasnyinta did not
tako tho trouble to eliminate. Tho secondary
admislnro of load and copper with a view to
form a now compound is staled to ho chemically
impracticable.

Tho larger leaden coins were obviously, in
many ones, ea*f. but load was alike so soft in it-

{Wrt. n« 311-117, svt ns I bo IVutwr't rraarkt oa tU

•• r.ru~d-H,r VT. Blliot's Plato is. ModrasA, -sals/
Lit. and primes, yU. III. No. U w«»bt SW-l. and No. 47.
•(Ua>e <cm mtb tlmilsr d-.ioM.

No# al.ii W.I.M. AnattsItwareAn, rot XVII. Ptnl. .
U(i. 117, 118.

M.ncu, 18»]

TTIR SWASTIKA.

85

wir, wxl *o nadil.V niado loiter by luol, tlui

should l*o wrong lo prmiomioc any final opinion
upon tli© act \ih] dioUmkU of manipulation, which
•win, however. to have ftdiaittri) of n auper*
impotcd, or otherwise n* it in fdcAtifatf/y termed
■upcntrack. secondary impression. Whr'hor
thin wrhA i fleeted by mere rrheuting and thu
premare of it hard -clay mould upon tlio surface
of thu original untiingt it would bo ban I lu nay
NnmiiinmticnUy*s)Miil»iiig tbo latcor. imprevdon
<mgl/l to derids relative latei. But w© know
too liulo about family or triUl relation* in this
CMO to Tnnlor© to draw ordinary deduction* fnun
tli© given data.

That mechanical /(/ 1 ft my. or tbo complete
formation of u coin of two die*, m* in vogimnt
this coin* idfltlt period, i« pmvnl by tlio NMidk'r
oopper twins bearing the mum* legend* amt
devicea is lit© leaden pieces, which, however,

and sharper and ronro definite in their legends
tluin tho nmoeiato <wlit* of tho other nicest.

TlicSiiiluuVMiisJsU described, fort nil tit with
tinnsunlly definite ©xuinpliouifn practice omninon
in tbo early mintages of southern India— of de-
signedly living the lower surf too of the piece
W<f lift. In thoSO i nuances, the /eud b:in.>rt mingly
been poured out* in a fluid slate, from n heated
ladle, on iofUtsarfaiMts of iU»ne. or eve a woed, a ml
tbon Killed with tbn iinpre^nf tlio single nutho.
rifted die, wIih'Ii was to giro it a legal eurnney,
aecordmg as tbe ultimate weight uorrvwpninlol
by Ud* ©rude pixoow witli tbo iiitciiiiniud
Til tie, Mr. Toukcy, who ha* Ulidy Isold tl*i
position id lUglisli Mint«A**ayur in Japun,
inliMtilA in* tlinl n MiniUr system of rude filic.
nitlon of mutiny prevailed until very lately in
liuit kingdom,

Tin: SWASTIKA.

nv n THOMAS 1 *.*, nntiu h-ondaxt j»: rtssirru in: rmsi K.

Tl*e eryptodinport of tbo mystic fw of ftwonct\ I found that , in one iitrtnnoc, the flu*.!#-

Western nation*— tilt counterpart of tlio I ml inn
SieaWiU, has hitherto prowl an enigma alike
to oIiwhIo ami oriental oommciUnliwa. Owe
An <1 b r ii mins •••in til sivgrut II snbltHill,

lift* bed be 00 i mortal within tho nags
normal dirties rvprw siting ibis four Mins of tbs
VJJ en pntiem on Coins, * in which position it.
sis*! in'll njaally <u dochro Its own inclining

I , i , li may, petrl inmv, satisfy end oinihvall f indliwtlng tin* onward movement anil sdraTiniitg

jHiilies,

la dsHCi'ilHiitf (bln Mn. H of this nerico, (png*
<12, «»(') I |M»ti»tcil .mb that tlut pUiv •/
tlio mow* ik Unit© lignin of Ibo Son, in it* mycib
wheel form, was taken by tins alible math
enwsof thu StnuUft*. Tlio position, taken,
in apposition to. or in Batumi balance or tbe
ouiucidcnt scnilluno, could Jeavn no doubt
that live aim mi l iiilention in thu ram wax to
ropNwont syuibubWfy tbe great, luminary itself. 1
In making for furl her continuation of tli is in*

rt»tiiUii» id* tint In nv < lily lusty ’ wldeb in duu Hls I
in tiime tiAU 4 11% never going I nk.

1 bad alrv*Jy neUmd tliut tlieiv was an
unnois.iitilable signed of f Iso visible #mi, or its
ncci>pkal mprtwen tn lira, in the long list »»f
tbo iVdOgnlsoil iWvi«Nw of tl «' twenly.fonr Jaim
Tlritisfikiirns, whose dcslhiguishlng cAiAuus, oe
nmrks,e mititiited so important an oloiaeilt in t bs
AuUiontaliru discriniaatioa of tlio ssocewnm U
tlicir mints.

Tbo sun, moreover, ooeupied a liigh plioo in

1 M IV »U0i of A* ! 1 r < * M% mfv'wii inn to I Ik* lift o il *t»

diOtiitiin rr to mbtryM* tWir ti tbs

vwililr snU mental sn«i Ukt i^Kib 4 u »•• *•! luminary,
nn sbi.V 11 m v uu«lHitnl. nisi wliirli tU*i f ad fait mi siif
iiffmvi; ||„. f bf««|. I iVa?ulhf nrta «•« llsfir luiJ nll»
i , • U.1I- W,U. n*.f.

nfll'lli mlvj, -v I p. 1ft. i» 1 n» C4.tii-U •

Kfmv.% (tV^olPa l«l. l."»rl;.n. 1^711 ©» 1 . 1 . in' t lO-tMJ,
r 1 n.^x tbo arii’inalf, si As m/u gsimrvbf#,

• hm. iwmrW 71A it:\ r.ir©,rUUmi i«.ls *»t

• It I*. IV miller, the . birf <*f ibnri.ilivtv, (INgunh

stir rnm-« »s lb. I siddtri. «V,4 t / Curlliu mdUM

*rn. m <b>4VAtiT.viii.r. Wib n.wi. Ill.p. Ufi. AtM

i ti ,r « •• ,i.<

tu tbi* no«i|« to tlio I'lfcvt tVnt - Hi

- AJ%t+K lis wlmm.noi cr r\*»o1n»c- 4b, slio

“ Ibo 12 t&M wbs.1 uf iko l rx <«aa) rrtnlnM xtvkui

tta Ivnwni." ii. a. WiWjtt'i U T. ml. II. IIS Tl»«

lilff Imliin ewMioUwimt iMUoOm eftas mr.

b «lied in tV Mlora* Umu-' 4 ^ oV«H a of tb* «u»
m • • in» vtiirb ii r.%©Ja W'lfrl witv V | ,r »»e. r. t
liirr. ♦ H MVe In .**•-), Hi* •|iiV,i»l 4 ?•*«
p, t».< -/••»■ •«! < tlif ©.vrrinliimii! y'*t vniiV*
«M«taieng1lio ©in^Mif •>!»•» •S till.*. 1 I ..U.i I’.nti.
II. K. VTfitm. ivd. It V -V '•• **• ilr ••••f**r of n
Wi+Y* wlwS r n « *' •• •* niwly, •• »*»•' -mi irsvili
imIm.II, «m In- joart -y.ffiii. V- 2 M. ' * A * »'•

©mtroef llii p ill'* ‘ wbo J i .Kv4 mort.lovly <IUa tta

cireiitfiiwNii'). ^Ikiw/ 1 A«. p JI7.

1 llnnvoif h not *.*r. rb*i» *- * tl i* iroatiit*, if mi>i.
«i4icwr«i4a Inewj..' ‘ l • v ' » umiri taUo liVUt
tierri*. me, qul f-it l .^nicr U T 'ir Jm h lul OQI \*

rn> < » ici- -ir ilbvsuW Ueuro uf, um. II m s^»
slw ItfaiUMt, i». ^ uutu 0.

6C

TTIK INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[M.iurn, 1 ©U.

their c.tiinalion,— oven lo tho oxlout of an ad-
vert* charge of Vault Qavittn — but in tbia official
lul or catalogue there wns ivo apparent BUIt-Uku
orb. or 0 nil u’Aivf. to denote the “ uniiBfOal
iloity Where** the N’euMn avowedly oon-
riiluled th.> siifii for the Suplriwo. the 7lh Jiim.
ami the e!<»elyaieoolntcd half-moon stood forth
an tlm t\ t'liAii of hi* ejeiH’iKir I'luUidmpmbliU,
the 8th Jinn.’

UmUr thu advanced inUrprotntioa of the
deign nnd |iiif]io»L of tho Smuhit, from Ml
Indian point of view, now put forward— perlui|*
few arohaK4ogl»U will ho dtfpoaad to din.ont
from tho infi'ronoo that. in thin uutanoo olio. it*
llgare, an roprenoatiiig ono of Iho received kttri-
butoa of tho nun. wan mod, couTontiuually. to
typify tlm o>Ur orb itwlf.'

IntUworihing the Imml-made v\orl,, fouoil on
the aim of Troy, wliinli woto unaidad hy tho
lurohtnicnl appl otuv . idtl. pot tor'* iiIkkJ, and
wlnwc ornnmentaliuii clcutly piocwlcd Iho mo
of al|.hal.olicul Mtoik— Ur. tfeUieniMm In row-
minting on the ap|H«imn<«' of till" Identical
tfirmli&ii nyiiil.il on ro nmny of llmor liny utyooM,
appiui- to Imre dlrlnc-1 tho loading 111 n a-tool-
atnl with Iho font or following limhn ntl.ohod
In the mpinro or tuirntnl mu- tn designating
tli«*o tloviem IH "ivpre-'ntiitionit of tho wheel
in motion oflrotal hy Dm iimi.iot*.’" ThU
ind"j»md«M oonclmioo m fully ooaflrmod hy an
oiamlnution of tlm .uNnxpiont nutaiinutiu
■videnco.

The oaHln.1 f/yoian ooinn hnvo a onnntanl
me'® divine, marly identical with the original
f>V>r«h*v. except no far an ootuinU in tho more

• W Umi mi rnK rill. IV p, If Tut V. i, 0

• /•w.E.t.rfl'Cf.it Uli Cid*hr<>ike'ni>'«iyavol, II.
)i |<J. l.i.l.- JU ioi.iAm, r.t IX. |. .1*0. f.ih’aa Anti-
yilYfy, II. |. IH

• Of I It *4 fill ffttmhiftf* o/ w i«d fyreMt

llrff# I- ftiflWir » .i/tn«ftU*fy fftilt"** in ill* Iwn rantnnlra
itf i.iM' WJ p | it * e *| it. Mir WnHr? Klllufa iW

«t.| |f|. V J itr'i.if i t .<t l Sru «bm«
cm Ini tn nf N * III * •iipjifttiUd by i«r alt.'nui*4 wtth
i U IU\ i>Um In •••

• /We, mi. .M\ HI Jid .HI* S* til* • lil« .Vy.-rnw. .V cm
•*»». Mil. HI. Ac.

• Hrt 0. Puller*. Wit* » it 4 *r 0.

threw h»rittw U> Mpfx*rnt j* If.

« A wirUMi U*U't (uui|tlr 1 4 tk» trtdri* <4 tbe
r.bUaef IkftiJtii m to be am <m ooc of tbr uAorla fru*
Tr*y in Ur. 8eo(tao*u«'a • * rk atn»e ctUd

'• In nr* in.Uiirn I*. IX. I. lU eurr-J linear- made
H Cf.J in «rr p«U* be cl- cud la MitAbar in «mW l.md«.
IX 7

»• TM «i»* of Ml ao a hill Mir thu ritvr

KurvrdM n, fth^at M mll**i frim tho if4. im lit* ipilf ..f
Adiba, r\i- to tto Hw4cfu bnubAtry of lyva. 1ft*

*t+r UUc cctfio with Ibc al|iluUl uf U.«

dblinot Kqoeni curve given to tl»o four limbs,
uml i» moro definite opening out of the centre into
an open circle, which, in on* in*Unco, is ima-
gined to hare n ibtvad or repo inserted in the
ring/ Tlume funr-linibcd ajmbol* nro apxdilj
rcductnl into similar objrcta having only thro®
hnna. the Aryan %10/m,' 1 which Admitted of
tlm extension of tho length of the liraba, and
if so itiUmiKul, would funcifully aid Cite speed
of tho revolutioru 11 or clour the contrucUxl dic-
•paco for iuipmvcd artintic freedom of trmt-
mint.

A aimilar devico of tho 7V/u aeria ap| Kara on
tho ooinn of ANpendosin ramplijlifi. 1 * hot in tbia
inctftiiee tbn curved linea uro transformed into
(lie likoneoa of three human logs nianifrat)/ in
motion, with a tumbling or redatory onward
oourae, 11 which ivoalU ••the thive slept of Visit-
VU. M,# nut tho idea of sp<ed siwl revolution it
much more dial inolly rrttdetvd iti (lie mining, h of
SyntOQlo, u hero llie nuklcm of tho legs are aided
by small wings, such as are rrprwinted as
con at ant adjuncts of tho statues of Mercury
In ono instance this winged fnyvefrr Is placed
a boro tho hor*oo of Iho clmriel, who aro at full
apc*il li l\ltd in iHherw II lanaseO^iUd with IVgastla.
In soinu nulaimw it re|ducvs n <|iuui slur,
Whlob eleaily slniids forth® sun, ,# mid (h® astro*
nomlcal toudsnole® of tho cousooaUvo mint
series arc shown in tho admission of a design of
n new moon whom upper limb is given in an
culipmj-lik® form, with a faint outlino circle.
peiliAps intended to indiouto Iho obscured por-
tion of tho moon itself 11

(1b Ai AIM/iaMAi.) .

t.il-r. 1ft«i UMBtor Aa|KiiilUB U Hrillwi KSTTRAIIVS.
Uali. p. CM

1 lift I e lately had <wae. o te p- .vt outtho miny airvou*
»I.MinU®i<f owjjxm iHrrallwi alito If h/r-idiel India.
J. t! A . .V nil. XI. Wp 10. Tbe M I aScpa of Vidmu"
sir tari^aalr iiWrpffUd «# ^tba rhimr. mfridlan i»«»!

•* <*n. M jW»MMhr

tn r^|.r<«*nt *'1W werblnn mV?* (»'••*»%. I^ri^iu IU|,
I bf fill munJ wB. wbirb t-br# Ibn fAu^ nf bimouv
ill w ti un Uiif fur»* nf *’ tl»* b-i« f" Tbn I i*m

I'm IMwei, or thma «»*w t > it«3»rftte n miiHitf

mtf IliwUrviNni. m tbr vtrrl Viknmi «nnlit l»>4y

M to step !•** Iu »t«ii la juu.l— fitiair iwi *!*«• **f

or «f ill n-

“ Coni* Ffruf-r CvtlrrH?*. VI! \\ 18.

»• "Tl»e thnv fetw << WVau. M A’Ai-IVH, t. «, 17,
NVIlnta.Vid. I. p r.t fiulddsi tor'a 6ifr»vr.i Rw io»or, »<4,
t. £ *4*0 ^ Mm MUller, (Of rads. lruuilat»:u p* 117, 110.

»• yMiuisamrie CAronM* 1H74. Mr. Ucid’a ainoW, PI.
VIII 7, 8, i. 4, 0.

•• Sum, CVpm. wti XIV. M. U. No.. It. 14-alio PI.
vll.a, III 4 .

•• Sum. OAree. it>4 XIV Pi •.*«*.!• -3 Saaalaotba
KtTMOMi rvi/i-ruf of tlx ILxu U Y Alcvf.i, PI. iviii

Mtnm, 1881.) TI1E SWASTIKA. 67

THK SWASTIKA,

itr ii kv

I have observed in tho Indian AnUqtauy vol.
VII. (1878) pp. 170IT. an nrticlo written by Mr.
Walbousc, in which iio rvfcn to a paper by XI r.
Woatropp printed m the Jtiout** for Januaty
184h, IH7H, relating to tbo origin and *igu ideation
of I bo well-known *ymbul culled tl*i girur*
M,i. Ah Mr. Woatropp in tho oourvo of lit*
remark* iilludra to me by name, and point* to
aotnooburvutlaitt I bod mado (Romantic Legend,
pp. 56, 106 nn.) an the nine cubjeut, 1 will **k
you to permit two to *tato in llio Indian
Antiquary, somewhat met* at length, wUt I
Uro elaewboro written on tlii* mutter.

In order to open up tlio aobjeot nnd h ad to tbo
explanation I have Co give, I will ipioto Mr.
Walltouao'a word* : 11 it ia otirlot&B liidrcd,” lie

•aj*. 44 to find the eamo symbol unim) with a ntyMlo
Meaning both in Kngli»h and JapnnoMtlic mltiry.
and for tbo same office of repotting domoni on
Japanese coffin* and Ktiglhli chart h belli,"
Ami without doubt it /on curious < imn.iHtniic©,
and only to bo accounted for by delivering
whrilur tiie ay a) bo) iUeJf doca not embody a
moaning equally widespread,

Wlu.ri I wna located ninny yonr* ago in tliu
remote town of Hakodate, in the* idmid V» no.
the mo*! iiorlhciu of tlio Jnpini^-. idutid*, I «m
oceaaiotmlly pn *rnt at sntuo of tho ivligiou*
finet Kin* of l lie HuddhUt pried*, who had
•Hiveral flourishing moiiAitcru* (frvuAr) in Umt
plu on. My Attention was dttinn on more thin
one auch oocaaian to the modo of their accepting,
or pciliapa consecrating, pmcnU, acnP to tho
brotherhood liy rhariuhle persons. Tbo gi 0
wn» placed in the middle of a curie (wmW.dn),
and tlio priests, in thrir canonical dr, m *, would
march round it tlurc time* in single Me, icli-
gioudy keeping it on Hair rigid, i.e. with their
right hand* toward* the rrntro of tho circle
a* they moved. This of 0001*0 brought to my
mind tho custom known lor agvu in India, and
called prada&iliina, commonly practiced ulio
in early times amongst tbo Roman*, And styled
rfscurrw, equally common in BootJnnd down
to tlx? promt day, and called dcAfil, And *o
well known in Ireland tl>at the town of Tempo*
in Fcnnanugh, in dill in Irish called "t'iotupadk
detiol," which, a* Mr. Joyce explain*, i* nothing
more than a ©ompound form of lamyM, mtiiu-

8. BKAL.

iiitr M turning” and dttii'A “to the vigil." So
timt we here lmvo a cuunm known from Jipun
to Ireland and common in India, tho Ihuuuu
Krnpire, Sivit lurid, and doubt lew throughout
Northern Kuropo.

Thore in a volume Ixforo me, belonging to tlio
Buddhist Triptiuka, printed in Cbiutt* chiruc-
torn, and called 44 Account of tbo coatom of
oountti** in the Kuiitborn Octon” i the Hind cap
of the '.'nd volume of lb U work Uoeuupxd by un
account of the way in which the )woplu of CWyluti
murk their time liy tho wii'a shadow, amt lames
tho author any* (he lived in tb* 7tli ©cnlury)
ia derived tho ruhgiotu cvivinony known M
p/iidtiliMnO, f, e. turning to tlio right ia oon
funnily with I ha min'* shadow, iu other word*,
turning "sun'Wiiya."

I mid tin tlly olmervi, in illuitmtlon oftlw
unio point, tlut in many Buddhist Su/rut th#
custun of rlr uaiambuUilng the (Iixut Teiolitr
llatHNI lime*, or rvwi time*. with the right luuul
kept. tnvraivU lain, i* mentioned a* a icIigMiui
custom generally practise! at tho time when
them Snlt\u WOfO written : mid in ono iS'dfra in
my |hiMC*do»t the ontira argument ia ixvupiiKl
in ili tho liuppbttWH (good foiUnft, or
ble*M>!iiCo ; (d flnu w)n> tlmn oirtitninmbiilAti
To|KW, OI t Sluiily (H ill gi iM iul, OOUxuOIwUd to
fluddliit or hia disci | ilia.

Knuuglt then aa to thi* widely rvoognt^ed
Ouatoin.

I oomo now to *Ik»w that the figiro mllod
the iSuw*/iiv » symbol ilia this idea of cihMim-
ailhulution. derived from Clio nppanmt move*
in out of tho Run ftvun loft to right round tho
earth. Tho idea i* this, that if a |hmwou foot
the cnat at aanrisirtg mid follow it* movmioot
tout hu aril and wcutwanl* Iio will turn with
hia i igbt hand fleet! toward* an object supposed
to he piacod like th« outli in relation to tbo
auii, in the centrv of a circle.

Now Ok* figure of the Sh mUm consUta of two
parti, l*t tho HO** + ami wcon liy tlioc/uin-
p>v# at the end of the linn*. Thu figure of thf
cn>ta + m one of tlw oldffit ayiuboU u*d tu
tvprOHeni “ the mrth" or 44 tbo four llaa^te^».• ,
General Ctmningliani in his rvoent work (Cv*ry> ui
fa*criptionum Jnttiearum, p. 14) ha* shown that
this uigu, vie. +, i* in tho Khuki ioacription

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

fUilCDi

(8

equivalent to “ tloUu/a," f.r./oar. Dili in PMi
the won I CAa/nranfif (-'■ »lo fonr quarter*, or !
point") i‘ a word far " the COrth,” liraico CUl»-
route Lord of llio Karlh. (mWe Child*™' Nli
Put.) In Sanskrit wo hnvo limilar eooipoonda
with llio tame moaning. Hut proof positive in
derived ftom llio filtlnor, in wliinli *o not only
liavo tic lyniliol |J) for -nn enehinod iqmoo nf
north," and lie ‘Hik'd $ 1 I ) for "
o'clock," omioiwi. (llw upper portion indicating
the Ihuicii, will lie *un on tfcu meridian, and
the lower portion (thoctOH*) denoting the earth),
but wo aUo have iu ho many word* tU fact -Ulrd
thnt ‘‘God node or fuddnnod tho earth in lie
aliapeof a croaa," and the aymbol uaod i* exactly
thin +. 1 refer to n paungo in llio rvlvbnted !
Byriun imeriptim f.mnd by Homo Chino* j
workmen In flic year s. t. 1 12* r , near Bi-gunto,
the uipifnl illy of lie provlnro »f Shon-al, I
In tin imeripi »m( which i« uni-nln tint original
oliaraelen), and will Ihivo Imiwlntiiwm in |Iug-
li.l, lotiin, ami French inllioUfaWe fc V i"rif...y.
(vol XIV. May UMft), wr ftnd the following
pnumge li>Wi"l* the md of. I hi Hrat clause t— " I.
.l.'l.miimtl In lit' alinfo "f n crow («M 'i-i
In Hie original U ti|iro*nil(*l lltn* » + ) *•»
Hpruadnnt iIh'iiiiUi." Ho lUi nMh"liin. wh n i

Hi , - wilt iti'.IimI, e. .» 7-1, tiro

aymUit I wm known (m China nl loaal) a.
an ideogram representing " lb" earth "

There may bo other illustrations In proof nf ,
Ibo aamr point fiimlllnr to student* which Tor 1
llio pnwent rnn let pawn! over.

The crampon* nt I lie oral* of the arum of
llio cm»« Bio, in Buddhiu symbolism, nioaily,
llmugli not always, dmwn to tin rqtW denoting,
an we argue, the aun’a moroincnl round Ihccnitli
from left to right. Sow it i* plain that HiW
is always tiro appiiont iiovomrnt of tlir Min in
iViuMkh fu/i"liiife», tlilil i", in lalillldoi lO tllO
hi«rlli of I Iki Tropic I>f t'nncer. In Northern
eminlrii- (unaflUiled ly Southern oi 1'lwmiciin
influence*) IliiroRav wi Urol III" Pi'ii“p»i* of
the + drumi to tiro Hut, ns Milton lias

obaerred (f'aiwrfrw JbyuiW, Book IV.) 1. 70,
" Homo from furtluwl Smith,

Byrne, and wlrore Iht *AuJ» *' hd* wap /nib "
The divtoiv or IllO din, or, in other ivonli, hia
npiumnt movement, u not always from left to
right, ha! sometime* in intcrtnipicnl countries,
ap|i»rintly from right to left, and Hub haa gene,
rnlly attracted attention. Tlina lln> Phienlcioro
who wore in the llorl despatched by Pharooh
Necho ueio-orpri.eil to lind the Him nn the north
instead of I ho -null— and »■ llio amhaaaadorn
•out from North India to tiro Kmpcror Claudius
ripniH'ol llio name nstoninlimcnl and the tirwt
Portuguese navigator*, who voyaged south along
the caul of Africa, nolle**! tho ■nme fuel —
eo that wberoror »an.wor«hip prorailod in anoh
Iriqiieol oountriea, hia path would bo repre-
aenled bolh from UJt fe rUjU, nn.l from rujbt to
l./l, Henao I ho donldo form of llio Sowtiha.
llio r/iiiii/»iii* Irolng (bund <hi either *ido of ilia
arm* of the nvm, ap|«roatly wlihonl. di'tliuv
lion, a. r. >). ut lliwnrilk, and on the nllura
leiiinl on the (toman wall in Norlliumlwlnnd
(rid. LoyiJ n iiim H'i<Ur,tr<"»nh ) pauiiin): mid
a* llio nn-on nf thia direnm form w« gru-
dually ft-itHliu or loal, llio llgui*' would ho
drawn I'-- rmvfiilly and willrool any regard l«»
Ihc •ymlwli-ui |»ilnled out

Tho urguim nl thereforo amounta lo Ihw ■
(lull, aa tiro ftguro of I ho 8***tito la found aeal-
teivl through oountrira ronoliing from Japan

10 tinglind, «< al*i llro oitttom of turning
1 aanwnya,' nr with llio -on. ia equally wide-
upload i and nocondly, ll>»l a* tiro tin'OiUka

11 n «igu of good luck, aignlflcd hy iu ely.
nioh'L'V. mi nliKi the pnulii'o of turning with
the nun i» miuidort’d n lucky or fortunate pro-
< wiling, and taming in tiro oonlraiy way.
tapecially among northern |ieopl.s in dreaded in
entailing a carne ; (culled hy Ilir Hoila wM er-
(Aim j German. ii'iVfc'iAiiu) [ nWn Ihn pa magi > I
haru referrod to ohure, in IKaw'kf (Black'*
Kl. p. "«)] ; tho custom and tiro aymbol liter*.
f»ro, we uigwe, arc co-rulatod-

THE BRANCIHDvR.

DY RBV. 8 UEAU

One of the rood characteristic rceonla left hy aaerod yens, detonmlod from Branchce. lh«
Alexander llio Great dunng his Distort! cam- mythic founder of tiro Temple of Apollo, near
pnign U tlic Diascacro of the Branch i dm. Milelu* in hinia Their forcfutliere had yielded
Throe people, as in well known, claimed to be a up the tranrano of their temple to tiro Paraxon

TTTF. BBAXCHTT®

CO

king, Xerxes, ono hundred ami fifty yearn
before This surrender brought on them t*o
much odium that when the dominion of Xcrxui
was overthrown on tho const, they i* tired with
him inlo tho interior of Alia. Tho Poftian
king also carried away with him to Susa the
imiIomaI bronw aUitne of Apollo. which lad been
rant by Knnachus, Thin Maine was afterward*
^stored by Belenkos Nlkator (about 1W0 11 c.)
to tho tom pie rebuilt by Puioniot and Dhnpiiis,
When Xarxoi bad carried away tho Brim*
chides* bo did not retain thorn in Suaian a, u* Mr.
Nowtoit rein* to imply (IViesb and ZbVor. .uw
ia fta 7>M«S, Toll If, p lJifl), but transported
them to n niiiiiU town in 8oni)Uim, between
Uulkh and Samarkand, where llaiir dwcoiubinU
wore found by Aleintukr. They were now a
“bilingual and partially dishullouixod race, yet.
•till attached to ttioir traditions ami origin"
(drote). “ Delighted to find thccni«lre» mine
ntoro in oootmoroo with (Ireeka, they pound
forth to mec4 and woloomu tin) tinny. tendering
all tliry Aloxaudur, when bo heurd

who they wore and what wan their parentage
driirrd tho Milesians to dotermino bow tlwy
•houkl bo treated. Hut m those Milesian* were
neither droid, d nor unnnimotw, Alexander an*
noun on I that he would determine for Itiimclf
Having fird ooeopUd tho city in parson with a
oeloct detach utctil, lie punted hi* army oil round
tho wall*, and then gave order* not only to
plunder it, but to nm*ucro the wh«4o popOln-
lion, men, wtmivii, mid children. Tiny wern
•lain without nrina or attempt nt mlltnno*.
rworting to nothing but pmyom and sapplinni
manifestation*. Alexander next ordered tbu
wall* to be levelled, and the *norcd grove* cut
down, an that no habitahlu alto might wnniii,
nor nny thing nrept aolitudo and sterility,
Sacb wan tbo revenge taken upon these iiu-
happy victim* fur the deeds of their forefathers
in the fourth or fifth generation before. Alex-
ander dixibtk** enihiilorod hi inset fa* executing
tho wrath of Apollo ngimit an aoaumed race
who had robbed Hie treasure of the god. The
Macedonian expedition bad been proclaimed to
be undertaken originally for tho purpose of
revenging upon tbo contemporary IVrtians the
ancirnt wrongs dotto to Utucoo by Xerxes; id
that Alexander would follow out. tbo same sunt*
menl in revenging upon tho contemporary
Braochuho tbo acU of their ancestors -yet in uw

gailty than Xerxes*, in hi* belief. Thu ma5>ar*re
of tho nnfortuiiate population wns, ia hurt, nn
example of human taoridoo on tho large it sculo
offered to the god# by the religious tmpuWa cf
Alexander, and worthy to to compared to that
of cIki Carthaginian general Hannibal, whin ko
Micritii'cd three thou tetri Grecian prisoners on
tho field of llirncm, where hit grandfather
I lantilknr hod boon slain seventy year* before.”

Such ia the brief account given mi of thw
ntmeioii* moMstcro. It wuiihl seoin that Aloi-
nndciv influenced by hin filling* toward* tho
aiintrcmtiu parly hi tlm Ionian title* (which had
I always horn nsdor the ptlronitgu of tho lVrsiaa
king*,) tn nicd the DraneliidiO nn Ihj I Ail nlrrady
Jciill with the Milo# Iona, that ia, by ilmplo
extirpation. He this as it iiaiy, there ia niiieli
room for eonjo ’lure loft, mm to tho influence pro-
duced mi tho art* and philowvphy of tho uoigh-
U Hiring populations, by tho residence of a
oniony ol Ionian Gruok* in Sogd i an n during
the ono homin' I and fifty year* o i thetr survival,
There niUnt )u vo boon hum## IntUouoi uierUd.
It has berti ii long 4111*1 ion how and through
wlial chtin noli the nvilixaUon of India vni
articled by Or«b Intcroocimo. Jloth in litera-
ture mid art tho rtfoert of conta«H in plainly
visible, arxl ibis, too, sppwrsciily at an aarliir
|mrlu«l tliiiii the iMtahliakroeut of tho flrioc*>-
liuktriavi kinghno. Wi most Ionic olsowltoro,
thru, tlwnt to tbo court of Soloukon nnd Iiim muc-
cesvors for tho channel of thin iuter-sutiun, and it
would norm that tho town of the II r a n c h i d r,
situated in the rent re ofSogtUana, will provido ua
with ionic elite l*» the mlotion of tlm <|Uc«Uon.

That tbim intercom munioatioo of thought did
take place nt an early period may t» gathered
from several ennude ration a. Thu IMmtyfi**
ha* been called tho 1 Iliad of India.' It wss
long ago obarrrod by Tumour, and ninro r<-
eently by Weber, that wmo iacWeuil, especially
thaw oonarotod with tho ndrentumi of tlJjmws
(in tbu fhfyjwy) mid of Rdn* and his followers
in ('ey Inn, bear a marked rvsumblonco tu ono
anotlier. But, as a tnoro sinking imtiuioo
of agreement, lot us tako tho myth cf U*s
birth of Apollo (tha gu -1 of tho Bruocbidw)
and that or tho Indian Buddha. Mr. Coxa,
in hi« Arptn Nation, Vol- IL, p. 21 . gives
the following account nf tho birth of the Sub*
God i — •• Then, im ahu dn>W near (i.e. Bileitliyia)
U)to cast her ariud around a tall palm tno

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY

[M.Bcn, 1880.

iw eha radioed on llie bunk of Kynthos, unit ilia
lube leu|i«d to life. The goddesses batliol him
in pure name, and wrapped him ic a glistering
robo, fioo und nowly wrought ... while Thetis
touched bis lip* with tlie drink nnd food of tho
god*. No sooner bad tho child received thi*
nourishment thun he «u endowed with an
irresistible strength, nml hit awmldling band*
foil off from him like flu*. u» lui declared hi*
iriktiion 'of teaching to men tho cotinsels of
Jove."' Compare with thi* tho Indian account
of tho birth of the child of M iy a (tho illusive
dawn) i " Having arrived at tho garden, Queen
Miya stepped down from her chariot, and *ur.
role iled by her dancing women ((,«., female
attendaats), pound from *|>:t to spot and from
to Ire* in tlx garden, admiring and looking
at all. Now In the garden them was one par-
liontur live culled tho JVileii (palm), porfectly
straight from top to bottom, its hranoho* spread
out tu porfoot regularity. Iti. DcligbUd at tho
tight, Mija inused awhile to admin* it, and
grndoally approached under It* tdindo . then
taking hold of ono of the limnohcs, aim looted
up Into Loavou'l cxpsnw and the child -»■
born. . . At this liuio Sukrn aral the four
Mnlu'iriju* ailtanood and wrapped tho child in
Jin twaddling clothes, Int ho ad ran cod four
puora twill way, and e« claimed t ' New have I
arrived at aiy last birth, Ac.' "

There are to many point* of ratamblnncv here
that tho two myths aannot be aepimtod, It i<
indifferent whether wo suppose the one to have
originated the other, or merely to luvo been en-
grailed on it. I'rohably tho two liar* a common
origin in the distant ogre, but were uiralellril by
rautuul intercourse. Aral the saisunoe of the
II raiioh idr, the prim In of Apollo, in tho
neighbourhood of North India fur enu hundred
nud flfly yrara. mny giro us on insight into tho
•on no of agreement.

It would teem, again, iu though tho Graeco-
llnddliistic sculptures, about n liioh so much has
boon lately written, were allied with tlm Ionian
aud Asiatic typo of conception, rather than the
pare Attic. Hence the resemblance bos bcca
trend principally with remains found at Cyprus
aud tho islands bordering on tbc Asiatic const.
And wo liavo farther corroboration of tlii* theory
in the actual remains still existing at Mrnn-
c h i d *i (Geronbi) compared with soeao Indian
sculpture* equally oprn to examination. I„t

us take for Ciamplo tho form and general char-
actor of tho chairs or thrones found along the
"sacred way" lending from Port Pnnormus np
to the Temple itself. Mr. Newton, in his second
volume, p 148, Lmtnl, Ac. lisa given us an
account of oue of these clmirs. Ho gather* that
they were evidently copied from wood. " Two
of them are ornamented in front with a pair of
pilasters, tho capital of which formad a bracket,
projecting nt tho end of the arm of the ohuir
nbont thro* inohea," whilst “ tho cushion on
which the figure is soatod it shown under the
unu of the chair." He says nothing about a
footstool It would bo pinning to know if tuoli
an adjunct were provided In thi* oaao. At
uny rate, according to tho Homeric formula, it
ought to bo there ; compare for rxamplo tho
promise mado by Juno to Hypnos (II. xiv..
1. 1138) i—

" A 0)10 W roi BAc, soXA* tfpdron .tfiCi.a. eld,
Xpfo«W 'll-fiaiirii-i Af «' <>A i v,U«

ilai(wiv, UA M <Wev stab fvti,

Ty *<» •ewgin'si Xii>.>,ni.i miAs, f,Xasi*ii(»>."
Her* wo not only hare tho normal idna of lie
throne amt tho footstool. Uil tho added meta-
phors that tho Ihroqo shouhl Iw .tjWh.nv oM,
Aral so (l.o sent or llltouo of ll.iddlm oil which
he sat nndor tho llgtrew is always d.-ignatod as
the Pii/rifiune, "the diamond." or " imperishable
throne." And a* wo soo both at Blnehl and
Amur Avail, tharo are the cuali ions and tho
footstool*, and the pilasters, and more than this,
on many of tho icolpturr* the simple inscription
of the donor's name, a* *t 0 o r o n t a on the back
of tho lion (p. I op, cit.), where the names
of live donors nro recorded wIki dcdicaUd tho
figure to Apollo, The raeomblanoe hcrenpprurs
to be more tban acoiduutnl. It ia true tli.ro in
no seated in tbo chairs at Sftoobi aod

AmorAvnti, a* there is at Ooroots, bul tho
absence of such n figure is in coinplcto liarmony
with tho lloildkiat theory of tho spiritualised
oonditiem of tho fouralor of this religion, who
Ooold not. therefore, bo reprcweuted under any
human form or by any risible resemblance. .

Thoee tvaambtnnces or parallelisms may l«
accidental, but I do not recollect to hare seen
allusion mado lo these pnotU of Apollo dwelling
in exile near tho Oxui, as possibly influencing
the progrrws of Indian art. It seetus to roc that
the preM-noe of the Hebrew exile* in Sosiana
and these Greek pricM in Sogdiaoa are

IQicn, 188 ».]

ABOIL£OLOOIC\L NOTES

71

element* from which wo n ray gather some ir~ dhi* development, * u marked and’ in all r*
funuulion iu lo lira inciting cuuao of the Bud- spools abnormal, iu the history of India. 1

AKCTI.KOI-OaiCAL NOTES.

BY M. J. WALH0U8R. MTU M O. 8.

(CWfturat/raw lot VIII. r . UfA

No. XXlV.-Bthtcat PuntleU.

Old Hreiod in hia horns!/ w ay niBrins— No
nsying wholly die* which ninny pooplo com-
monly tiller ; 'tin God a vety voiro.

Daring the U*L twenty or thirty ymrs there lore
been a growing dinjxiiitianta rcoogninc this truth.
Hut although Si. Augiutino ha* auid that " the
inhntnnoo of whal re now «*llr>l tho Chrl-lian
religion wu« in ciiktruce amongst ihounuivnta :
it lu* never hern wanting from tho beginning of
Ilia human race," (As/rtrefulio. I. li) t tho id. n
that moat natioualiaro hud Scriptures, in which
tho central and sadurlng principle uf religion
and moiulity am declared in dive no manner*,
would null perhaps beqiioalfaird.nndiinpatieiUly
heard in Hume ipmriora In many page- of tho
Indian Antiquary Dr. Muir Inis largely illua-
trolod the parallel,,!!!, tinorahlo in tho Old uml
Nr* Trttaiuonti and Hun.kpt literature, and
I liore veulure a few references to tho popular
Scripture* of tho Toml) mid Tolugu pcopliu <if
tho Madras I'lcsldt-nty,'

Tint in nil raspsofs tin llil.lo of Scull.-

cm Itidiu i His oarlio.t tin 1 1 » -i >iwiii<i«mnit of tho
highly organised ami elulximto TiniilJ language,
and lonatllutra the ethical nml literary rule and
stamlard against which there re nonppral nor
undeservedly. Higher mid more comprehensive
mortal teaching has never been set forth i like
all ancient book* it contain* part* and pamngse
whiuh latcrcuUurc pn*»r* by, and *pparatoj from
Hie uuivrnial and enduring tun* me*. It* author
Tiravn||urar lived in ilia Uth, or |<cHuip* u* early
asllio 3rd cstilury ofiMirrm. Ilri'diuiniiahavntrird
to dwguino tho fact that ho »n». a* his natno
implies, barn in nlow and inipnro cnxto, and hovo
surrounded his birth with legends, but they can.
not (Ini in him; nonccoiihl dec id" flxnn lli* w riling*
to what cmite he belonged except that ho win not
a llr.ilimnn. and this from no attack upon priests
or ritual cbwrvancw. but from a simple constant

■ VMM TiS ll-M<l'l. Ort. 9tb, ItCi, -forked t,Ua

• no u<l> u«t nre Tit I'ui'il itftUanlHai*/, ky tlie
Kur W. It. thmr. Mielro. Id"i »mt l\f I'rror* c/
fimiMii. Iiy Chari., i'liilsi tin.*. >1 ulna* Chit S'liira.

l lull.

* Wt»n ■riling IW. HvU I 1ml (irorlxiUol tho f»r

important nud ..kuurt.ro hot., on Ms A. ora)

niforeing of truth, gentlnnw*. juitire, and
charily without any roforooos to aid from
priestly ialorotMion.

"'hen Europe lay blinded in the depth of tbs
dark ages, TirsviUlnvor wrote” fxlleraand nun.
bers nip tic cjm of man, and llio word* uf the
K'*»|| aro like * .UiT in ilippory places," nluuat
echoing tlio word* of the wise Job, * I niu oyia
to lira blind snd feet was I to Ilia lame.' His
answer Co Whut i* truth 1 might, if considered,
•lay ninny mocking PlktcS) Ira *ay* i " It is
tho speaking of words tlmt *re witlioat Ilia
least dogma of evil to utlrar*," Want of
truilifalues* U u reproach compendiously flung
egidiiHl Hindus, hut it wu n Hindu who de.
dared -"If a man abstain from fal.hocd,
though he practise no other virtue, it sludl
bn well with him. Truth will Uud to every
virtu"" Want of gmiituilo, even incapacity
lo iindcrefauul it, is nnnlhor failing alleged by
Europium self ooi.plaocncy, but verew, fhmilnr

to lira Tamil l-">l»lu a* any Dilds-Uxl, .IHnn:
“ H«' '• ho lm* fovgrtton ovary virtue my coup*;
there re notwenpe bn- Him uluitm-g.il. al. nolUi
the ivUo will n up. mler through «ut i aMO bulks
tho love of Uiiimi wild lino wiped away ihNr
falling tears." The low-born Indian wruM
give time reading* of llmtrohlcti Hula i "Hi#
tho ivsolr* of the pure not lo do evil in return
to ihoMi w ho luive dono evil to them,— tliuoU
n mail inflict on other, lliut which were griovoss
to hiinaclfp— Would you punish llrara who have
dono jou ovil V Thin put them to *hime by
showing grout klndncm 1.111x1®!" So would
Tiruvn||nvnr hmp coal, of fire upon an saouty'e
hcml. Ho too saw elmrly lbs little thank of
lending to them from whom there is hope to
ircciro, "To giro lo tlio destitute," ho b«ji,
“In true charity. Other gifts nmj Irarctnnigil."
Tim ftillouing sen loners show lion tmo an
insight lie Inul Into lira unlive- nf ilunrstio

the lt,«. Hr. IW.'ulll, 1 .VWI 1 I n. Irlrfcluu. .(T tk*

"• *■ ' • S' 111 »"t l". rt.rr. Hr |V.|« in#

tlirrli.il fnuuirr. sire imVims, t, VirmIUiar,
■ -I Hill t« ilrnml winy .« liil cn'iiimt. tr-n l|,,n«.
7ln* n« • (. k.- imitiivly iuan>«l ,.r dun, , 1 ; Sut Us »hil>
ri' nf tlmlili' n. ri|*un- «Vn* tint. a. 81. tout tol
S*«M t» dilnit llniin.. ii. II* Die oitwtvuM of nin cu
« It«u rarth ut lauiuet> ud uuolitj.

72

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[Mtiri, Iflgfc

happiness : — " I* there any bult that can «l>ul
in lovoP" " Tho ppo is swcei. tlic luto is sweet,
sny tbow who Uro never heard the prattU of
their own children.” “Ho beet laboani for
fotnre happiness who lino well and kindly in
his household" ; and Imi knew ns well as tho
Roman mother that "gi.xl children sro the
jewels of the Rood wife." The K*[ll abound,
with wise asyingson tlio conduct of affairs; tako
this fur example on tho noooisity of forethought.
•'There are failures oreu In acting well, Tho
work not done by suitable methods will fail,
though many attempt to further it. The chariot
it weak at sea, and tho ship on land." And
againt "Is aught difficult to him who works
will) the right instruments at the right time?
he wins who cau think silently, and hide his
time." " Patience is Bncst gold ; to bear with the
Ignorant k might of might." In WiIMm J/ris-
TmtU there Is a punlage lull of Goethe's
fnr-tvrvohing moaning, when iu the IVIagOgtO
Province the elders inform Wilhelm that though
a child may bo burn with many g.fl-. ouo there
is whlolt no ohlld brings into tho world with
him, mid rot on that ono Ihrag nil depends for
making man in ovory point a man, when WII-
helm could not discover (his thing himself,
“ lb '"ivno’," they e trial mud, Hoveionoo, all
want it, porhaps you yourself i nor is tho fnar
fslt by redo panplo far natural ounenlskiae or
eimilar awfnl oceurreacca, an oxocptloa, for
Nature is indeed add) unto to fuar, but to rover-
core not adequate." Tiruvn||uvur had also
felt the woight aad meaning of thw sentiment
when ho wrote, " Never will revorwic* ho found
with tlioao who haro not reoeitnl careful
instreoUoa.”

With this small handful of ram from Tiru-
va||avnr's abounding gnunllehl, we now torn
to V A m a n a, emphatically a people’s poet, tho
familiar ornolo of tho old Tolugu race, much
below tho great Tnmil Toachor in moral and
poetic sonliincnl, nml "wort roasnnnlikiucse of
perception, bo cxoflkd him iu satirical force nnd
vehemence of scorn. Tho mild wisdom of
Tiruvalluvar ie noror oggrewivo, but VArnona
deals swashing blows at hypocritical saocti-
moniousnrsi, nnd never wearies in dire barging
shaft after shaft at llrehmsniral assumption.
Nothing ooitain is known of his life. Tradition

hands him down as a KJpu or farmer, nnd his
translator, Mr. C. P, Brown, thinks ho lived in
tho 10th century, hot there it reason to think ho
lived long before. Several hundred quatrains
aro ascribed to him, a largo number of which
are probably popalar sayings that iu course of
timn gathered ubant hit name. Ho embodies
the popular distrust and hatred of Brfchman*,
and is ono of tho fow singers whose works
could ho roltoctod from the mouths of tho people,
whoknow him by heart, and aw always delighted
to Bing ono of his stinging ■trcnsmi nt preten-
tious purity and asoalicism. Ho wall diaoonted
tho cmptinHS of broadonol phylacteries.
•' Sanylsta," says ho, " afloat particular words
and vrsU, they wear a brick -red garb ami shaven
patre. On these limy pride tbrrasolves, their
h rails look Clean, but are their heart, so? A
tiger skin.naUff, bells, and smoaring with nshoet
what avail three for the wonliip of Ood, who
is n Spirit P" In tlio tamo vein at Xlooos pro-
claimed that tho coinmauilmeut laid upon tlvo
people was not hidden nor far off, neither in
heaven or beyond tho sen, hut very nigh to thorn,
in their mouth, and iu their heart, thnl they may
do it (/’iid. ns), Vi'maim exclaims, " KUi,
they ctj j why mam in pilgrimage to Italy shrinrs
to find IIhi Qod that dwells within them f
Wandering In the wilds will no! discover sanc-
tity, nor Is It ie the aky, nor at tho confluence
of liuly streams. Make tho body pure, and
then .hall behold the king I" HU version of tho
Golden Rule is very absolute i " Though nn
enemy worthy of death fall into thy lisnd,
afflict him not, conciliate him by kindness, nnd
bid him depart. This >» death to him I Injure
not elliers, 0 men, sod live for over"’ Tho
following expression is striking in tho month
I of a Hindu i— " Why revile a Purinh P Of wbnt
caste is He who speaks in the Pnrinh P" Carlyle
highly pmiso* the word, of the German Noralis.
" Tltere is but ono temple in the universe, and
that it tho Iranian body • nothing is holier
than that high form, bonding before men is
a revoronoo done to this incarnation of tho
Divine." Long before him, however, V&mana
Lad written—" Why collect nimble and Iraikl
temples ? The truo tempi*) is thfl holy, the soul
u tho God therein,” a strange uncoOKioua coho
of the words of St. Paul, " know vo not tbnt

• 8m fed /«(. ml. I |>- lOf, «hw. It. fima Ihetnb-
•lam. of Ho lot 111" o t acts* n-rj itrikiitf M-tn-ol

TrsDiUtiooi bj Mr. R Caldsoll from Uui loilrr of
&i«aiaka>y>r.

Much, leavi ADCREOLOOICAI. SOTRS. .3

jo nro tbo temple of God, nnd that- the Spirit
of God dwellelh in you ?” VAotana despiicd a
fool u utterly as any Hebrew prophet : "should
n fool,” nays ho, “(lud even tho philosopher's
stone, it would molt in hi* hand liku n hailstone."
There is quit# a ring of Knirreoii in thin
raying : — " That alone ie your* which you haro
(.m’ow.-I npon others, tho rest is not at jour
dispoul," and hero is ouo of tho lost words of
tho philosophy of to-day " I», ell fear is
ignore noe : when her Unvos os tho diviuc spirit
shall heroin" our own." It is no had Indian
roieiou of the maxim— 1 "To thy own self ba
true," to any with Vdmann, " If diaUmnUtinn
leave thy heart, none in tho world will ho
deceitful towards llioo."

It has Iroon conjootured that Vi'mana lived at
Kondavid near Guntur in tho aouth-wixt Tclin-
gun* country i curtain pauagoa in his writings
•"tun to favour this supposition, hut it aonnot ho
hold oortaln. Whether contemporary with
Khakosponrc, or living ns early is Ohnueor, it is
olonr that ho bad inUilluolual Hlningtli and in-
sight enough to shako olf Uio worst superstitions
that swayed tho pooplo amongst whom he lived,
lie had no respect for Die IWos or tho Hindu
deities; ileclnrea all cttoles equal; and soollh
unsparingly at Hrlhmnps, ns, miles, ceremonial
ohsorvuivons, anti tlw respoot paid to omens mid
auguries. In effort ho was a Stoical IWIioM,
and his oOOntrymen today, tlaregh oatwardly
conforming to the llnlhinays, have all his hitter
■living' at their finger ends

It has long honn tho fashion in Kuro|w to
n'gnid the Hindua, an beyond other racea, bigot-
ed, fetid rod by ro.to, nnd immoveable in tlmir
roligion and customs, bat in fool no country
nan almw more signal Instances of tho revolt
of the intellect and conscience against Idolatry,
•uperstition, and priestly domination Imliod
it may bo asserted that ICiimpo lias lugged
behind Indin in tbo sphoro of moral and rt>
iigioua inssrrealion The Jaina and lluddhiat
ayatoma, older than Christianity, are examples
on Ihe largest scale of triumphs ovar prieetly
pretension*, at time* too wbon Brahinonical
law and aaoendancy wen- atrongrwl. and the
viow taken of Iluddhiiun in tlio Mia u dnfi-
<!>•«> y (vol. VIII, page 160) seems to mo cer-
tainly correct. Again, no Puritan or Covo-

• BnnVlnwUii, pmirn Hikkailalh. Khataifilaaniilrtiih
DraodrUMam, jagsm aadriwm, tot.siuujOa.Ul.L/aio

nanter of tho old stamp could h*vo gone to
work in a more root-and-branch style than
Datura, tlve founder of the Jan gam nr
V i r a a a i v a sect in tho 12th century. Him-
self tint sob of a BrVmiiin. ho wus led to rebel
against the orthodox erred, even in its strong-
hold, and resolutely rejceled all the llrnhininir.il
prkulhood and principles, renounced the Vtda>,
lUmi'jaaa and DhafMt Giiif, on which they
are founded, and discarded nil tho observam ra
and purifiiutory rites mi tenaciously unforced by
the IlrAhmava. teaching In Ibfir plneotho d-ctriee
that all men nro equal by birth and holy in
proportion an they am tern plus of the great spirit,
and that worship is duu only to diva connvitrd
ns tlio ono Uod and Father of all. His tiuohiag
Spread wide, many of tlio Rijn- on the Western
Cisul went hit followem, nnd they are atill
numerous in tho MarllhS nnd Knnani imuntrio.
ami in MaisQrand Horae. Three outturns Inter
in Bengal, where Hrlhmanlcal tyranny wssnoil
fiaod and supremo, C h e i la n y a. born in Ike
ntmo year with loitlier, renounced ciule aid
prinatlmal. proclaiuiod tin. auflkseooy of simple
faith without work*, coremonial, orohsomnem,
and died with four million of followers, now
•aid to be doubled. And Vtniiis, aarreaudeil
by llilbmaiya, ahot shafts at (him and all their
work* uncinsingly Hut India also exemplifies
Ihoapfmnr.tlylnerailimhlrtmilencyuf thokuman
mind toward, wccrdotal direction, uullvority, and
rilual, for the Ilrihmap, though so often dr
Ivntcd and seemingly near eilmrtiou, U agn a
aaproino, nnd his rivals have faded away, oreaiet
in oomparlnoa na but n few scattered disacatore.
Still amongst all the follica ami servitude*
of idolatry nnd pricstmft there will nerer be
wanting in India many whoso daily a.pirwlHiu
will he ns of old, the famous hymn aaorihnd to
the Muni Agastja always prefixed as a motto
to Jangaui anil Jaina hooka, and oontiouiUlj
uttered os a credo or roufcaiion of faith.

The living, endlcat, giro r of goodnew, imag*
ot’ wisdom, whom pain nod grief
Morcr oao renoli, tho sky hie emblem, whew*
name are ccnntlcrt. nt»d Troth tlio cklef.
The One, Ovoiksting, sixiiibsB, steilliut, who
knows all secrets, kilueolf unknown,
Passionless orcr. of perfect justice,— Him do I
worship, and him alone.'

^ ^

Kjisiii iiHian. « until-, eckalitO. lanatss *lbl>> MAiais
BhWttai. InjmaraWUih, -J row. Us ..mini !

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY

'Manrn, 1890.

71

SANSKRIT AND OLD-CAN .\RR8R INSCRIPTIONS.

ur J V FLEET. Bi
(CmMmmiI /nm I I’.f

No. LXT.

Al a short distance to llie noalli-trent of the
villaga of Ailn |r, in Survey No. «S, thero *n
temple, miuiD bill highly inlrioting on nccuunt
of llio quilnt nml rUbor.ile sculpture* with
which ii in ilimiml.il, which U iiolkvd by
Mr. Ilcirtfu— in Iik I'l /*/ .l.i’iir-iLyi’nil
l>. 10. h ■» mm ili>ii<iil, nml i« |nnly in iuIiih,
the whole of the mnf having hun mnoral.
Mr. [turgi'M considers ll to be of about t|w> «mno
*gt> on lliu Durgit tomplu It op|»«r» to liavo
bcon originally ii Vaiduuiv* teir.pk nn thuiu
iiro figures of (larudn over the down both of
llio Hiifffn/iii nml ol l In shrine. nml n figure of
lAk>liinl, nidi her oh pluiiiD, over llio out inuco.
Hut I him >« ul-n ii llguro if Sim, dancing, on
llio roof, will) IMrvall Imlding ii .liild, which
ntntf bo oltliur flsiinpal. or KAillikcja.

On Ihn north -nlu of the porcli Uiwn I* nn
Olil-Cauaroin imoiption of ilotcn l-lltis, m
ohuntoUuu of tho ninth or tenth rrulnry * to,
of wlnoli • far-similo In «!%« u in llm Vittl
.fcrAowfi-pV.il It commence* wiili the

won! titn-tl, folio well l.y (hmu.-tfimin, -of
(hinunolila 1 i llio Inst fourUAlois cintuol bo nml
wliifib't-iiily.

And on a plWtrr on llio south tiilo of the
poriih, llirm I* tin following inscription,* in tin
H mink tit Itttgungo mul in rlinmolm of tho
in von t Ii or eighth century * n, which piuhshly
records tho nnmo of the builder of tho tempts i—
IVunwripfinn.

I'l SrMti H*] Jumbud*tp4atart kufobit

I*j ••Ktii.pr.‘.i<liln*(ii l_’nln(i

1*1 NuiMobbi-nnutA vblvAn

[*] nu blifitO nn blmri.lijali ||

Ten alien.

Hail I There lina not been, and thvro shall not.
bn. in Jumbudrlpa, any «i-o nan, proficient
in (f An ail of liMhiy) houses uud tmuplo,
•quid to Nnrn«ohhn.

No. LXI1.

Farther to tho nonilnweiil of the villngo, on
tho right bonk of tlw river, in Survey Not. 74

• ft. LV, No. *1.

• t'.'.l .triSacl. Itri-irt, PI. 1.V . Nii.1t i ant Xj. ?1 of

Pill, .-o- it'll. OM-Ci-'i'—. imtrnyl.M

• No. .'Vo! Mb, ionnr-s aoi (A£.(Unar>ir, foirrlf.

• Thu* u aoiio ODMrtair.tr as to tho t.kl diU | (or.

0.3, >1.11. AS.

•m. j. !»Mi

nml 7fi. l hero in n Hrgo group of ruined and
dinned temple*, mentioned incidentally by Mr.
Uuigi-iMtn hi- Hn< Are/ivJoyioal HtpoH, p. 43.

Tho largest nod moM intorooting of them i*
Hlii temple of thu god Oaligflliathn. On tl>a
In-lit or ni«t aido of tho oonrtynrd (hero is a
leiinlmnH'l/ srnlplnreil gntewny, Mill murly
rut inn after tlm fndiitm of tho gutca of tho
tope* <it S llioh I ii ml Amnrlrntl, but not nearly
onolnbiiinto in do.ign, ami on ndiralnutivo »onle,
being only ten or twelve feet high. It is llio
only gBtenny of tho kind that 1 know of in thin
purl of elm country.

.In*! OaUids thin gntewny, nml n few stepn to
tho *auth af it, there i* n amnll cell, on ono of
tlm Imimof which in nn Old-Canurtuc i inert p.
ton* of III" Hd * ll t rn k ft t II king K nnnurn
or K v I o Ii u ii. dated Halm Hill («.n. 003-10),
tho Pntjdjmtl iditfi- ifrare * I ihall publiali thio
hcronftrr in a M potato pupor oo tho It A o h t r a-
k ll I n kln|p».

The only iu*i>rl)tinn, tint I ooald Hud, ho.
longing to the temple offlnllgnnlilin itaelf, 1* on

tin fnni i-toiMi of llio fuurpil lunvf n>mdl

opiiire anronfud alruotura, in thoccntroof which
thcro in n fiAyu, (landing in the mlddht of tho
coiirlyard. The ohamoton lire enriy, — |«erlnpo
of the -Wllinr ooventhonnlory *.i>. The writing
ooWiU 41" by ll).’ A fac liiniW* in glwn here,
with. Tho tninicription l« — (I) ViMipi-IU/fn-
f'2 |A/i/nii i i'.»., • Mndo by V a th i I g u D i t V
• llii'u' to pmbahly another form of J IIR{i,'
which in nO(*rru|rilou of llio Soiwkfll * Vithpu'i
'* bi» nnrnumo* and ian oorroplion of
tho Sanskrit •nii.i-Va.

No. I.XIII.

In front of the nhovamontioned tomplo of
OalignnAthm thorn io a largo nnnamml tomplo
with an Old Canarese inscription, in ono line, on
tho out-ido of one af tho stooes of tho wall on the
south side of tho door, which is in th* <*$l wall.

The characters nro of Uio eighth or ninth
Contnrya.D. Tho writing oavoni 1' 4)* by 4' 8J".
A fuosimilo* is given horowith. Tho transorip.

S.t.mt.Miks doM. ««iwton, .r.i th. Pnilruti

a ... 8*USM.

* No. at el I’Ati, 4>n»lril. and Old-CifioirM. Uitnp-

linn*.

M <i l\U»» Oiul UU-C*nor«i#.

iUm*.

ON Tilt IHONT WAl.L OP A TRMPLK IN PROMT OK THR
TBMPLE OK OAMOANATICA. AT AI1I0LE

0$cP8 OJ sjJTairg &<&>&<&

rfiftX} \ C^a *&%■$ G§od>$cS)

n cf tf 3 ZT OJ &'°& 3

& c d$y s> &neri'&t&&

c

M tacit, 1853.1 SANSKRIT AND OLD CANARESE INSCRIPTIONS,

75

lion in:— 8/ittU |

IUddriy* Dfdtii.

Mr. V. R Kulti explain* mini n« a Icm np-
plied to ‘an old woman' op ‘ a goddc**’,— and
propone* lo {orrwt inlo

wliiub must then bo tnViii aR mi irregular form
ol’ Ihn inalril menial aingulur of I «tym, *.•
Jiinj'H. 'a cheek, a lip.’ Tim tmimlution uxmkl
(hen bn ‘ Hull I Tho godduR fur. ul.l woman)
dl“ BiiU'i. who onfotOM Utot which i*
ulu-rutl (or, that wliioli ilia altera) with Iho lip.'

Thin correction in tlio firxl nurd is miller
k violent one. Oul I ennnot iMiggrat mij Ihing
belter.— with iho exception, perhaps, of |whil-
mg oul that Sntulomon glee* mn'wi a. ' llio »>■”*•
brum tiilile,' whunou it might (lurlnpi lie ildidl
in Clio -mi to of n fiiyii,— Ihul k»ffo may ho
fur U<!», •o«cc«ii’ 0 . greul, lonoh.' niul that
pud., may I* fi>r Wu, which wo have in
fatfUMonr. b«<f<A m/i. Aud.i/.udaim, ' with furor,
hootil/.' I'ruw thin palm of view Iho mu-rip
t*on would refer lo »omi fi'4/t, probably a Hi /a
brought from Uklimi, anil not up in ihi* loin*
pin, which w«i .oppwod lo hare Iho power of
immediately onfoi'olng any vuw iiudo. or ony
prornUo given, In iU prraonoo.

No. LX IV.

In l.lio amp group <if temple* with th" tcmplo
of O.ili^iilUliu. hit in Survey No. 7”, and
Mlhor clover In the river, llioro i« a teroplo nf
Iho god Niriyai.iu. It uMiIiiiik time depurate
dlirilioi. nil loading out of t he central hall. The
inarriplion, of wliiuh u fue-aiiiiile' in given hero-
with, ami of which there i* a parlul tiuaaerip-
I ion ill Clio Rlliol US. Ci/f/Wiim, at Vol. I.,
p. Slid, u on the fiout faco of a pilaster on lie
l ight dhle of the onlmneo to ihoiouth ahrino

Tlio lunguago i» Old-t'inuroue. Tho writing
rum. a apuor about '£ !>' high hy V O' broad.
,M the t<.p of lltr imeriplHini lliiru ere the
Iidtllll mnbloim j oil , in tho COutro, ■ figure of
llnuivii, nnd a cow and rail’; on their right,
a hi/n, with ll*' miii and iivooii nbovo it s uud
on iluiir Ml, a curved *woi\J.

Tlw inscription i< dated in the forty tlilnl
year of llw C h X I « k y a Vikrnmn- Vamha,’ ». «.

I*, ll iho Yi Iambi ivuiiwl’

mm, mid nvmild Iho gift »f reriuin land* lo
provide f"r Ihn p rpjiuul ublnUiii of the god,
and a giuni of leu -yufyd. m tu pioviilu food
fur Iho or o nictating prieot of U*

loin pin.

TmtUtrlfikm.

['1 S radii J l iy'.(yft)-l.liivrl(ril)dhdhl(ddhi;f"rU [)•) Chf.luhya.V.kra-
[•) ina-vnriihuilu ddfnr^jyn VHmuL.— ihmisv

[•] rm | ft nllnr,' lyaiin.Miiiilrainm.md ittii-

(•J do GnihgAdham R»tm*cijaruili Nunidiih-

[•J pi(lin).8npadv{iyMmh Imiium diWra pft-

l ' 1 prig* oily ■•nl(ii*l)f ^dynlriih Ihkadi) bilto Kaggnlnnid-

[ ' | nryn* key! nuillnru 12 lM*Ja»»*-iiiV»i(ne)*

(•] ,o keyi »»ta(Ma)rn 8 b'ndilhi"^«oyo

| *J keyi maU(ttt)ru 12 Bc|it"r*riy» he

['•| yi mnla(lli»)ru 9 Bnnnrya.kcivjn keyi

[•') mata(lla)rN 3 Mmlliarana.kervyn koyl

[") n>ain(tia)ro 3 Xmhcha.geyl ddruro li U (?)ngipa(ppa?)lo(tlo ?).

I") l...'>lu gariil|.nmU(tta)r- 2 bno' , jBuakc(kkaih)

[••J biUa gwlyit* hatn(Un) f I *1 Adtl-ani-

l'»| turd(ram) dhiri|iarbbB(rvvu)lc*-m*di bi-

['*] U.ru [1*1

T/rmtfufiw. I ">0 ViUmbi .ehtiwf.ero which wa» Ihn forty-

nail I Victory and prosperity! Atlhrlimel third (?•«') -f the C h 1 1 .. k y a Viktarna.
of Uicrud'b comiuenciug hi* progrern to Iho north Vnralm.-O.ifigk IharOi” urgi ami N.iauihln-

♦ N» H2 I.r rah, fil.atui taurip-

• Vol. VIII., p. 1H7. **"**• 4

•• lu lb. lilh V* - l«*l^ om* U.I a. rf it view

|l;butU»*Of»^ii#l tmilbi.

•• U toj UUutfr^pb Uii. lUUf rci^j *s if it wm pa, a

mil mifk it Ui*’ liitt n», »W- li wuuU Imvc 4rtt.irvid»**
il »W». bi.itii*t 4 iVnlt.iipi*nr. f .

•• 1 1 m ni 4 olmr ™

" ™ Vx . V*li»f rM'ur tUna-M ><(*, Um

hiM cut pfwpcily ui tbo LtiMjropli.

76

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[Much. 1680.

SuQaugi allotted to the officiating prio.t of their
god, for the purpwo of tho porpccnal oblation, tho
cultivated land (tilled Kaggah-mAnya (mnuiir.
inti) t noire Mdftort.and the cultivated Uml axlkd
lloiiihma mlnp (m. iwurm}) eight maltan, and
the cultivated land of llw lank called Snndhlgcre
(ntd.urisy) twelve nmUare, ami the cultivated
land of tlw well called Ue|avivi (mosmriny) three

mallan, and the cultivated land of the tiutk
called HanneynkcjO (iit«ai«riap) three mallnrt,
and the cultivated land of tho tank of M/ulbav*
(mranm'njr) threw maliau, and tlw coltivatod

land railed Jaeltuhagoyi, in ot

the god, (Maaaunag) two yanfi-nalLut,— and,
to providofor hi» fold, ten pwdyifpw. This much
they allotted, with libations of outer.

STRAY NOT 113.

BY CAPTAIN J. S. f. UtOKKXZIR.

1. In the Nnrth-Weel Prorincoe, on an out-
break of smuIVpoi, it ia the practice with some
poopki to place, la the ocatre rconiuf the houae, In
a w*loc-|wt, a branch of the nirnh tree decorated
with flower* a* roprinontlng tho gretdrae (dl-
Uhl Miyi or D4vl DhawAni) of small-pox. The
gardener* wife who llintiahoe freeh flowers
over/ morning, worship* the repreemtnUon on
behalf of tho family. While email. pat U in the
hoaar, the inmate* food a doakey morning ami
ovwiing with gram and Jngarf. The donkey
ii fed bMMM R w tlw animal on wliiuli the
goddaie ridoe.

2. A mong the BtAhmniu of llengnl, eight out
of tlw thirty-nit oselos Into which tho Hindu,
ore divided, ere remsidored cloon. Thaw eight
are Ahire (milkmen), KombU (ryoU), l.ohani
(hlaekemithi). MAISe (gaidcnum). Tumb"li* (pin
eellare), Kumilr. (potter*), Hnjitn* (barlieni)
and Kali Ire (bsnrer*). Any otio of lho*i rexMe*
nay come into tho house, and touch the bedding
or pot* without necessarily defiling thorn, A
Brahman will drink water out of tho land* of
any ono of thceo. If any member of the othrr
rule, were to touch the tiling*, tlwy mail be
washed and purified.

3. Whllo trying a case of adultery (In My-
sore), in tho oo umo oforora- examination the head-
men of tho village admitted that come time
before tho ease lad boon brought into court, a
pancbAynl hod enquired into tho matter, hut at
the him time he ebowed a very marked reluct-
anno to giving detail, of what then hnppencd.
It .truck mo that all tho villager* worn afraid
they had donn wrung in tnking notice of the
affair, ami each pretended to know a* little a.
po nuble of tho doing* of the panchiyat. Tho
following facto wore howevor elicited. A wo-
man who could not get on with her hu.baud

returned to her parent*' homo, and they, at the
request of Iwr hu.baud, after some month*, tu rnod
her out; bat aho tloolined to go book to her
huehanl, wont off, and lived with thooorewpond-
oat, aa inhabitant of tho *amo Tillage. On
thi* there wo* a general panchiyat convened
at wham request I ooald not learn— e.rrh Aonso
fa fi* iiU'i y *v ruling ono imunhor, who wa*
Mtntuotiod to attend by tho village (Asfiendi)
' My.‘ The meeting ., •tiled the! if tho woman
were allowed to remain in tho ullage -omo mie-
furtano would happen, uml it win determined .lie
•hoiili! bo oxpdl.'l The nentemw was comma-
nieuted to l)io hnwltnnii, who .aid 1*0 had not been
preanat at tho meeting, but odrmte hocxoouteJ tho
euntonoe by loading tho woman out of tho vll-
logo, and diemieeing her boyond tho boundnrioe.
I liavu often known case* whom a breach of caste
rule* ha* been panielmd by a fine, but thi* ie Ibo
only him I know of whore tho drn»tio entire*
of expelling from the village an ofTeudlng mom
bor has boon followed.

4. Tho Hollar* nf Mysore are generally
looked upon a* oatcaita of very low moral*.
On ono occasion I was trying tho headman of
the caste, a reputed dneoll. Tho chief witooMes
against him wore member* of hi* own cnatc. Ilo
tried to make out that tho evidence, of on" of
the witnew* wa* nnwartby of any weight, since
ho WM tho ofTepring of a Iloliar by a " Hodsr"
woman. Now the Under is admittedly of a
higher caste, and yot a Holiar had te*n puniahod
tiy a onatc line for marrying n woman even of a
higher caste. And in tho oyos of tho caste a
*lur ilUaches to the offspring. Another witnms
ho declared was unfit Uj give evidenoe booaueo ho
livod with a woman without being married to
hor, and ho had boon fined by tho canto foe this.
The incident is interesting os showing bow oven

March. 1880.]

TJIR PERUMALS.

77

among tlio lowrtt cantos breach of the cnstoiulre
ib looked on us demoting from Hie respectability
of «ho offender, and rendering his evidcoeo of
less value in their own opinion.

6, Among ilio lower dm of Monlmm in
the Korth-'Vost, there is a holiof thut bud lurk
trill attend a child through life unless u naked
sword or knife is shown to it soon after its birth,
Thuro is also a belief among this elms os tending
to the lower castes of Hindus that the gold ms
or angel of good luck will not risit a house ia
whinh there is no sword of some sort or other.

fl When talking to a Bengali gentleman oa
tlie subject of tree and saqtenl worship, ho told
mo— but I hod hotter giro b.s own wools
" In roforonco to tho convolution of I ant Sun-
day morning, I hit ro boon, ou tho evening of that
day, to a prostitute* a hnuao, anil obtaimd the
following correct information in respect to their
system of inerringo with flower planU-

" There are two cUsse* of prostitutes On#
born of prostituto mother mid Carrie ■ on live
profession from generation to generation. This
otitis is married to tlowor plants, tho daughters
horn of tuoh prostituto mothsrs form no con-
nection by rights of marriage with any living
uiaa, ooAsri|uonlly any Intrrrourao with this
class of women is nut combined a great scsilnl
crime, as they bring no shame b> nuy one by
tholr pernicious proftassloa.

" The oilier is tho one who. on account of high
motul, quits the protection of their guardian*,
liming infant children, anil thereby bring die-
grace to tho family which aho had deserted
Interram no wilh this olaas of women is in a
moral and social point of view a heinous ofTsBOe
and sinfulnoRB, as' any nssistnnoo rendered to
them on ooo re go* women of such disposition to
enter into this profession.

•' In the olden umoe, or what is colled the
Sofya r«yo, acoording to Hindu mythology it
appears from the 1’v.idnai, that Uiere win u set
of prostitutes of tho first class such as Ur-
vast, MdoaU, llambltii, Tilottaml, Ac., and iho
mule of their living ia also defined there. lCach
woman alloc hea licrself foe one night or suc-
otwim nights to coo man only, and during that
periud she bun uoconncctiou with anybody else.

'* Tho reromony obterved in tho marriage with
flewrr plums by tho finrtolnss U-thst the mother
of tho girt gives awity her daughter to a flower
plant, previously planted in her houso for the
purpose, in the pretence of a prirsf er their class
and of other flionds invited fur tho purpOW. A
wedding final ia givon on the occasion, aooord-
ing to tho eirouiiiaUnrua of the puny.

'* So long as tho flowor plant with which the
girl is married is alivo, sho daily waters it, and
pula n light near it at night. When tho plant
withers and die* away, tho girl observes mourn-
ing for a period of throe tlayo, und abstains
from total or fisli during those days, Lut lives
an one mod of riuo and vogouhlos. On tho
fourth iky she hMhos, euU her nail* foada
friend* and llnahmont, and tl.uu leads hsr usual
mode of life.

" All flowers are of tho fwnnle sos, oicopt four,
which are of the male species As I am not ao-
qualntad with their Knglisb or botanical name*.
I give their names as pronuunotJ in llongal i—
To g»rc. Kuud, Oofumho or Kulkn, and Sophs-
lika With three four spocira of flower plants
tho Ireamarrlage is contracted, and with no
other kind of flowor Irers."

8o far us I can Warn, nothing is known
around AllaLabod of tiM-mariiaga. Tho nimb.
as I hnvcalreody notoJ, is worshipped, daring an
outbreak of wmll-pos, by tho people Tho pipal
is worshipped as MalsliMra by the Brahmans.

Till! PERUMAI.8.

MAIahAr or M slay 1 Inm denotes (ho
ooaulry between the Western OhAta nod tho
Arabian Soa south of Kotikap. Ite Sanskrit
narao Kf ra|a m refer* probably to tho abundant
growth of tho hram orcocoannt in there parts.

According to tradition Pars! srliDS, the
sisth incarnation of VUlinn, reclaimed it from
the sea. and established tho principal temple*
and gr&naois. To ilieiinguiuh the people of

MAIablr from their fellow Aryan, ia other
parts of the peninsula, certain ohtngra were
instituted in the manner* nnd customs of the
people i tho principal of which are tho wearing
of the £uifa«*i or tuft of hair, on the forepart of
llic head, tho restriction thut the oldoit om*
only of the Nnmbari Brlbmans should marry,
and the system of inheritance known as Afore*
nuii'tafoyaii amongst the Sildra u**to» Tho

TTTE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

f M.ncn, 1880.

78

I ami™ in tlio newly oecupiud country were
divided, rent free, among*! the temple* nnd
n few Urili ui»ii proprietor* called tbenoo •' Jun-
mi*." TIicBe lad rack a brgo number of
tenant* or dependent*, and at fir* l mtabUahed
an arntocmtie form of Government, till tlio
rapid inoraase in tlio number* of tlio colony and
tlio iliiBrnaioiu amongst the chief. 1 rendered it
bOCMHliy to in*lal n supremo cneolivo officer.
A Unit d. c. tW* a givut o.mgiva* wo* held. when
it was ngr«d that a governor or P A r a m & I
ahoald 1m sen! for from tlio neighbouring king-
dom of ChAda, comprising Knlmbatar and
part* of Milator and Trarankor. Each viceroy
wa* riHtrictoil to a ruin of 12 yenra only.

LUt >/ at* me cj lit fVrmnaf iViaow u«Ae
reiyW in Afnbjifj.im, j*r.

1. Knyn I* Arum A l— Died Iwfuro Um
eipithliixi of tlio pNNOribod timo.

a, a h D I a P i r n m 1 1,— A.iurainatod by a
Brilniut?, wlio, witli hlSBBinoiat**, were capolled
their tribe, nnd llioir deeoondanta atv cullod
Nnmliidainmr*.

8. PioiJIPArnml I,— Dcarrihed aa an
mterprUIng fenmlo »l*» relguml under tliia
name 8he rmlgm'l li<> r government.

<t. V A n n in P A ( u in A I,— Described aa
laving burn converted to ibo UudJkiat faith,
and retired to Makka.*

5. Tola Plrumi 1,-Tl.e diviaion of Ma-
lay! )am into four proviaoo* took plaoo in llm
reign of thin ubief.

t*. Indoram PA r o m 4 l.-Sebltvidod the
country ; tlio nortli l*o mllml TiilmiAd, tlio eouth
Malty! l*m, and directed tlrat the inliabltmiU nf
laoh ihould confirm their allianoot to Utouo b*-
longing to tbeir own pnrtioalnr tract.

7. Arln P Am mil,— During llie reign of
thi* chief tho country uaderwont a third change,
fhrni (loknroa to Prrompolll it wna calbd
Tulin, id ; thence to Pnthupalnnio, KAmjn Itij ;
theme to KatiUlH, Uiitling.inid j and thonoc to
Knnyn Knmirl, KaraLa Itij i cncli province wa*
■upvrintcnilud by a iMluiduri or llribmun
Cooaoillor.

8. K u n a P 6 r o m A 1.

t*«*

er .Ule (I

Thtf jorui)

..•rule— r." ’ Rua* a* IV* abeut i. e. WO — F.u.

• 'lVo»li>" ni.lnryc* Kinta *p|>*ui to loliuto *m
nUiaallr 'Jiai In Ihiiim * Miitua-iiaikin : tiiT. IT >i, ht
mo* pli.»l wry Hindi Utcc ll It" IM All.r
mriitneiii* It" arnml lo MtUftlr >f Mftt Sfol.f* net Mir
Apbn'.ttn, IM uUlw Hymn Ohristou llrti-t

«t tb-t lime Itir J««a *ud Aral* la iil.

0. KoCtai PArnrail,— Is said to lmve
fonndod Kollaikolnm, tbo modern Calient.

10. Man da PArnmil.

11. Yailia PArnmil.

12. Knmliu m PArnmil

13. VijayaruPArumii 1, — I* raid U> havo
built Kubni thon called Vaddakonkolam.

14 Valov am PArumii,— Dorirod hit
appellation from hi* constant tour* through
the country.

15. Arochondron PArnmil I, — Hi*

■nooeinor curly dieuppobrvd. Ilo built tlio Port of
PuraviyanutUa.

10. Mallam P A r a in A 1,— 1 Traced hi*
lining" from the Madura king*.

17. Koiaahagara PirnmAl.

18 ChAroman PArumAI,— Ho made
TirAwnigokolam hi* remdenoo and onoonrage-t
commerce. A traiva (maple there perpetuate*
liia memory.*

The PArumAU bud llioir capital at Kranganor
or KodungalAr, and praaorvud tlio tributary
relation to the Tamil kingdom, till tbo fourth
century after Or rial, when the lart ChAramaa
PArunnll ntado himialf indopondoot. Tbo Jow*
ami Hyrinu Christian* Uiul received the proloo-
lion of tho PArum, II a* rofugoot and trader*,
and probably helped him to throw off tbu yoke
of hi* aororelgu.

Before the rotireroont of CliAntman PArnmil
lo Makkn a* a lloddhiat (?) in A.lt 379,* bo
divided hi* dominion* among*! hi* rotative* and
dependant*. Tbo lUja* of Cooliia are tlio dotooo-
■bint* of tbo PAnuail in tbo Maramakkulayoni
line, anil n» *uib wore entitled to the pnraniounl
pukitinu in Malabar. They were Orownod at
Pimnni lu tbo prcecnue ,of tbo other Uija* (ill
that town wna forfeited nuccoaaivoly to the
Suiuorin of Calient, the Boltin of Muiour, and
lastly lo tho British Oovornment.

Vrom tlio native annaU of MAlablr and tbeir
own tradition*, it appearo that lea thousand
Jow* arrived on tho cx»*l shortly idler tlio do-
at ruction of the oecond Kuopio and tho final
deeolation of Jrrasatcra.* It i* nupjxood (hut
mime soron thousand settled at onco on a spot

«nt war. W#
Amin ivunrnroicd tHo i
Uf>«

TU*

tW .Ipitj vrar*

a tnij »t»w tliH t«ru

tr ” WliiU-

* \D.iUboW* U o/Lijht, ro. % 8 — Kr»-

* I It Mr « A. n. HiB for Hum dikU — K#-

* Txvt i i quiu ffeU&luoA Moonfff. rot 111. |.

Mabph, mo.]

FOLKLORE SCRAPS FROM IlIRBIIUM, BENGAL.

thou called M u 1» Iid^vipi^nn m, ^il now
Kn<Jnngalur t ami appli<*l the uuclva* with their
unual frugality, economy anil inooaui to trade,
uDtl thence anrly obtained tho rcapeek and pro.
tretion of tbo native prince*. Sotno eoimidmlilo
tilDO afterward** they procured n moM vuhi.
able grant from tbn ruling iovcrtagfl, and had it
rngrared inohl Tam i | ii|»oii copper pUtm. Thom
platra are Mill in extMenco at Cochin, They
lii vo been alixmly given ill facsimile with A
imnnlilloct. The following U thu tmiuil iteration
of tho firit plate:—

Sraiti»«i— kdyAnnniii ktypn. ko ml l\»i*umn«
Irevivaniunr tirinadi pain titWiymi
tUmhim JOAyAI imiftlti yfi|| nipiu jAn-
dn impdfnn Ao<JaikkV«fir miipputtnruro Andu Mu*
yirikutlu iruinfc 'rnliyn n»‘i| pint^Ui*.* 'ni*
|i\ 4 piraiii/iiinAviufii : Ubtipjii IrappAnuUa
uVjuvai.mMiium vrijlyilutn puyur.Mtilu.
m ply inJun mtu uiijiiviiipiipi^ium pa ; /itvi-
|iikkiiRi pWAiJniyuru aWd|ayainuni kudmyura .

[WiJuUdm;.*

The State* formed on the dianicmbcnncot of
thu IVrumil* ctupiiv were further nrnkrncd
by >-mxlli?r apportionment* uiuur^t Chief* or
Knimnli who wm» under a apeeiea uf feudal
euhjisl inn tkm to tho RAjos, and, aubject to their
control, etemned n tymiiini'Al rale over the
tenant* and peoplo inclodcd witlui their pro-
vince*. Theta «al>u nil unto Chiefs were ntyled
ft Ajnt again by their aahjocta, tad wore often at
fond with c*iu another. Tho army wa* m icd
hy conarrlptiun fr n the Naynrv, Mid the
inferior ea«M were preiacd into tho Ire vice n%
cninp follower*. When wo iwnRidev tint u
looo pMrtiuchal *ort of government woe all that
pertained to tho iOVCfdi$r in thaw lim**, who
levied no land UMw.und rdahlielwd no Mrong
Ivihuuuls it m not Hut priftiiig that bom of tho
ohiofr latterly claimed aororaign rank far them-
miIvvh, «»r were adjudged tbo name hy foro(gc*r«,
who found tbo liana of demotion Wwn the
honoured »ubj«t or tributary chief Mid tho
independent ruler toe narrow to be poraivud."

FOLKLORE SCR A PH FROM BIUDIIUM. DBNCJAl.

Itr O. It

flnjol, in tho dint riot of BlrMmm, (a alUtuU«l
fine and a hal f koa to tho nnrth*o*M of t he mil way
atatnm of Bolpur. It4 oiftvot nan oUfiria*
gal pur. Tradition my* ftiinl till* place waa
the hermitage of tin* gr« »>t am elio RMiy u Sringn.
Tho country it mnhiUting, and the village
Bujol la built on an itevntal aitc. One of it*
ward* la culled Dt'vlporA, and to thu north. not
of Ddvlpdri !• a narrow mound of earth where
tho gnat llinhi nurd to perform hi» devotion i.
Near the mound wan hie A'wwr/a or aacri (trial
fount Tint Kum), in now culled Kauri land.

Tin* jiluo* Im regarded an taeroil, and didi-
ratril tn a lion. mounted goddn* Navn DnrgA.
It In Mill that till* father id* Ri-hya Srifign, llic
great ango, Vihlumhika, cetabl ulicwl Iho ateivc
imago hue. Cinder*, rico and ti'Jnr Icurc-t are
Mill to be found in digging. A Mory prernila
that a few )<ur* ago a ICuropcun aunk an iron
l*Ar in the earth C» know whether the plg» Itad
a real mine, when the Inr waa taken out of tlx*
ground ho found it to be IkiL Thin irmd to
confirm the gencrol belief nr auperalitioci that

BY8ACK.

tlm Mania Mill parfann thrir dovotioni ladow
thu earth. Them ii a tank in tho middle of
tho village mlliul Kndo tho hnrmltago of
Andbnka. A tank n>u d ig to tlu , in of tho
, village in Iho year 1*11 Dong Han, mvd
1 mlled Morepukluir. NVhrn digging it pkvra
of broken heat*, rotten tobacco, and hiininn
bine* turned op. If w »uiid that fanocrl/ tl»o
Ajai river flowed tlirnngli thio pVieo. Data*
rutlm, the lord of Ajndliya, when erkbrnting
the Puf/i#/i' <»ocri*o> to obtain a ana)

I look Sring* to Ajo«lhva hy tho river. Ri»kyti
t Svingua father Mablflabi VibUindaka waa
very old, and itm hy no meana incliaod to
lot liin ion go to ho dintant a place, hut tho
mnt lire wnv ptev n ileil upon to amnit to the
l< u i’a earticvt oomniamlfl ui tlirre waa no otlirr
alternative U R far her. After the ilrparture of
her Min 9 alie beetm# Tory nnxinua fee ln>*.
TImi nvor which hud helped hkKarathn to take
her ron away excitod koHre. On the rotom
of her huh «li£ Mopped ita roitrw tiy a eune.
From that time tho river lu^aa to wilt up, and

• !» till. !• iff LIB etwiffry a n.. *ro i.*l I II m 9.11 ga fl aje. ful. Ill , n» *W- Ba*.

•I W iiM I i\ U feifii V lUr-.li. > ' I run the Mori of l «\(n jU

lUle vrr|-avl2»i.l.Hl.'|.. 1 «• m ffereofan tiMfUfaihcy MT.VM. Oirnmunwttid . hy U. U. UimA V *ru\ tlrH

tfAiatuliuu wiwu Lb Uic llefvtt. IvC hi

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

I

ultimately changed its course. The cilia* to
of the place wm then highly ralobrioua. Il i»
only lately that it has become unhealthy, u the
luragtn of cholera and BiltlariOM fever indi-
cated by tho number of draerted and dilapi-
dated house prove. Tho village ii etid to be
very old, an old long I>igi or tank, and tho
dehrii of an old bn'ck-boilt hoflM are the only
ventigc* left to (ratify to its former oxiatenoe.
From tho people olio wo gullvor that tho place
watt tho nbodo or n lUja Down to. Ilia palace
wae to tho oart of the railway. Tnuea of
building! at the place are found to this day.
Them ii alio a itory connected with till* fori
at Ububarva. Onoo It ia raid the Kajn took
•li*lt*r with hia army within thia fort. Thu

CMipcb, I$fW>.

fort had only one gate, and a gate-keeper
guarded the gate without clewing it. One of
tho men from the enemy killed the door-keeper,
and no one ole* ooold come out of the fort,
oo tho Rija won killed with ull hla arnty and
follower*. Tlio men killod in tho fort became
ghouto aftor their doath, and it u aakl that now
and then daring the dead hour* of night they
letrnmo tluir former ihapc. and march about
in buttle array, and found* are andihle— tho
noino of chariot*, Ac. To the aoatb of Uiia
village ia a place called Makdumlol*. The
Uohamtaadaia aay that nt thia plaoo u gnat
battle waa fongbt betwo® the Hindua and
Mo h ammai U na, and the men who died in tho
tallki were barfed there,

VISCKU.ANKA.

A Ylt-MOE I.KftKND. i Oriental acbolara, it give* me grunt pleaaoro to

Kelflr i* a village three milca to the aoulh of
Aihofo in thu Hungutiil lAhlkfi of the Katfolgi till#,
and about n mile ami a ball to live. Wntof the village
la a M or glan, in wlikh la a loanpto of SaUWe-
varaddia. To the north of It tin cove tn In the rock
and another to the aoulh, Oar* upon a time two
row* ueod lo ooine daily fmn lha enutli euro, and
grate oa the paaluro la II* neighbourhood. A boy
attending tho tillage cnltlo obemtel thorn, and
look It llilu bit Ik ud to watrii linn io a* to find
out thrtr owner, and aek wage* few keoping them,
Aocurdiogly la lb* evening h. followed thorn into
the cate, whore ho found two Ri.hla engaged in
tfaoir devotion*, "110,011 opening Iholr eyie, were
• uqiiiird to ere the cowherd buy. Ttiuy quw
lloncd him who be bm. and buw hu happened to
cum* them. The hoy mpkiiwd alt and aiked for
tom* wage for watching their row*. They guvo
him a ball of cowdnng and dumieicd him, unjoin-
ing him not lo reveal lo nny one what lie had tern
Th« boy'a mothor flmling bur *on hail not ooano
home nt the oaual lime wont nut to eerk him, end
me« him jvawl n- h* had com* out of tli* cavo 8 ho
oekid why he wae 10 lute tluat eteoing, when ho
told her the whole alory, and abewed her the boll
of ww-doug which lie waicnriying under hie lUali.
Tho hall who found to bo half gold mid Imlf dung,
hut tlio bey imnwdlutely expired un the apot Sineo
then nobody lute ever attempted to color the tutu.

J. B.

THE OBAMMAll OF CHANORA.

Korvdjr t Pit. Id, 1870.

1 . At a timo "hen tho enquiry into tho history
and developiteotof Sauekiitgrammutvral lileralure
ia engaging a large ahar* of tho attention of

announce to Ui*m tliei diecorery of an iin|**unl
work in Dry Ion which will Uirow much light on
tide utefuttiwg •object.

That a grammar by Chandra exlatid Ull about
eight or nine moturioa ago, and that it miw enala
In a Tibaian vuralmi only, are facia within the
kouwlolgo of e very well-nail OiiunlalUt. Not
only lo I he re tho alioouee of ila mine from every
oatalogu* Of ciialing Bunak nt work*, wbothor
pii hi inlieil or a til I in 018 ., bat we bar* the dwtlicl
oeaertlon of RijnndralAIn Ultra, l,L.D..oo p 16)
of Ida /Wipf..- C afrfoyue of Son rin'f MSS. tm
Ih" Library lit ArUHe Awfefy c/Winynf, pub-
llahnl III 1B77, Ihal ike work i> loal,

Wo find tho author moutioned in tho twelfth
ceiiury by Vopodivu In the aooond rerao of tho
Introdaolien to Ida ndmirablo JiA.ftiy-lM.i rallrd
tbu A'irtfvWpiufoMj.0. Thera * Hat M given of the
right principal grammarian*, tlio founder*, no
doubt, of eight diflereut kIiccIb, to aomo on* or
other of whiob all the dialing grammatical trm-
tiwe are reforablo. Theee am India, Chandra,
Klrakritm*. Apitoli, 8Akn‘, tiara, IMteoi, Amara,
■mil Jainendra. Tho worka of Indra, KUakrUana.
Apliall, and Amara am atao loot, and MSB. hnro
only bran dircovored of Ihora of SAkntiyanu,
IMinui. and Jainendra. That Apiaali and $tka-
ttyiiim wura predccoMor* of PApini appear* from
their bring raoutioned by him i and, although thero
la no mention of Indra in hu work by name, yrt
thtro nit; rraion* making it highly prohibit) that
th* PrilRcWi f r»«<ymit Sjr roftirrwl to by him be-
lt>ngwl to hid «ch<H)l. It in alrto ©knr that oevenil
work* dow extant, such m tho KdiatUra and
oOiur*. Lav© competed on the priccipUi of
the Amdra Khool of Sanakrit grammar. With

M.SCB, 1881]

MISCELLANEA.

PI

(bo eieoption. therefore, ol Imlrn. more p-rhipa \»
known of Clundra from quotation* in evitlliig

worki thin of any one of the ealter three whaae
woik> hive ilia rol tho eamufate— vie., KAAakriti-
no, A|-«n!i. nml Amnrn Wind is known ol him,
however, in -o umnty Dial il would noi rnulilo u-
to form any definite idea of the chorecler and
eiteiil of Ida work. To «ny tlmt il eoaii.tol of
*fltm*. and tlmt II m quoted by Bliu||"Ji ill Die
J'lnailliiiiuiaeremif, liy Ujjvililitrii in hi* com.
menUry on Die Priddf-edfm*. mnl by cam or two
other autlior*, would embrace porliapa all tlmt
could hove hitherto been **id of Urn ChAndra
grammar. llnl the MS. juiil dmcoverol enable*
u* 10 anertoin with certainty eovernl important
fUcte regarding thi* work and ila relation to Dio
dialing lyaiema of Runakfll grammar.

Prom ih I* MS., of which 1 Dial I (Ire u Dion
account befuro concluding thin |«|ier, we K*lhnr
that Chandra'e work wn* baaed on tlm model of,
and win Intended n* an improvement on. IMnini'e
daAMd&ylef. Both work* l*v* adopted Die
dime •rrangemoni, which may ho Vended aril-
Il nal , a* dlallngulalied from the nniurnl iirvaiig'-
nvent aoronllng to •ub)eeu tib*ervnUo in Ilia
KdtanWa and and. In full, In nil

Rnropcnn tenatiaea on grammar. The dlri.lon
Into odAydyiU and Jidda* i* al«o common to both
work*, with only thia difference, that Die mini
berofndlydyar In I'Anim la cl|clil, while tlmt in
Chandra i* all. Thl* ha* roonlmd probably Trom
the litter rmhndying In one lulApifpit the tub-
•tnneo of h^lnl'a third, fourth, uiid fifth elaapter*,
all of which Hunt of nfllxe*.

Belli work* open with a peculiar arrangement
Of the letters mutorlnlly differing from tho alpha-
betical arraignment mid etylid by the IMninly*
aetiool of grammarian* the AinuAfru*. Tlmrv i«,
however, a .light dlfTeronoi between tho two
Mharnea— via . tlmt tho if or annhundAa t nt tho
end of tho Unii .dim In i'Apinl’a ie emitted in
Chnndra'* .rheme, wh|« li thu. oonloiiu thirteen
idtrn*, while tho numlicr In PAfinl'e i» fourteen.
Thi* omiiDon tan* * Dm abumoo from Cbnndm'i
work of only one prnlyAlifini. of. the ucooiDty for
which ie obviated by Cluindra in an tng.miou.
manner, u* will ho ereu from an imtanco which I
oannot help adverting to.

Fiiniui, after laying down in viii. 4. 1, that the
dental n ihonkl ho dunged to tlio cerebral n when
it follow* r or (.V in tho *»mu pvln, etote* in the
«Qtra immediately following that tho rulo obtain*
oven when the letter- Included in Die prat) lb Am
of. and thoic belonging to tlio fiuttuml and labial
claivoa of con.onimt*. a* well a- tlio pivpoaition

• Atonal all Oriental ariailar* tiaaaliterate Uil*

by - Iri." I Ur* my ruuuu li* oa-ttia* tfe** r aoi

da and the augment nun, Into we no bet were tho
r or ah and tho dentil a. Chandra, on the other
hind, lifter giving a rule corret pending to IMilmi
till. 4. 1. in neiriy the i&me word*. nvntio** in a
■absO|iiei>t afllra a numbor of lottem tho intorven-
lion of which botwoeu tlm r or «l and the dental
a prevent* (lie operation of tho llrot-ioontionrd
rulo. Thma lollari are tlicao belonging to tho
ptlnUl, cerebral, and doalal chu*ei of conaeoanta.
th ono Included in Atr trd tho ootuooanl f The
obviou* meaning of thi* it that the intervention
of any otlwr lotiora— and tho only other* aro Iheee
given by l*A*lnl— dooi uof provrat tlio otrebral
change.

df uUo ooeiira in I'timi viii.lv Oil, hut in the
eorrnapnniling »Otrn of Chandra we find, iiutaad of
II. il*e more eumptviKmdTo pnvlyAliAra am, nbinli
laulndea. betide* I lie letter. cnoulnol in of, Ih*
ratal* nml the conaoannl f Tout C'linoiiu'* mini*
Die bettor ol III* two will ho readily admitted when
it I* remembered that I'lainl'e adira w« amended
by a vlrtlikn of KAtyAyaaa vibatiluung till* very
pratyililru am for tho let* oempnhoailvn of.

Another praty&hAra employed by IMnlal hut
di.|>ennoil with by Chandra i» llio.ia fornml with
tlio eocond a hi tho .(homo. Thl* ooour. only
in one Military (Aim of IMyint. via., 1. 1 fit*. accord-
lug to which tho letter* mnUmod In il weald *l*o
repreient or Imply their Itomognneoui modilWa-
lloni . for IllUaoe, tlie Diort vowel a. which alone
l< given In (he *ohema, would Imply, among
other*, Dio long nml prolnt<*l 4. Chandra find* no
nrocMlty for Dili rnl», mol nmlte it nltogctlior, in
tho ebon vowel n. bring a )lti term, would nucut-
tarily Imply l». long anil proUwd form, and He
other humitgoneotii varl»tloni.

The only other pralyihAra employe! by PViiidi
and omiUed by Chandra I* jUi i lull he employe
in III* grammar tbe four pnityAhAra*, rii, Atm.
MU, and cAey, which do not occur in PApaui.
With relereuco to tho la*t ol tlnwe. rAay, it
mu*l bo elated that, though not employed by
l'&tnni, it i* uted by Kltylynnu iu a vdrttike to
viii. «, 48.

With tho aid of th»o new pnttyUiAraa Chandra
Imt elf .vital a decided improvement on cony of
the -Herat of PAnini, an ioManeo of which nuy
here bo montionrd. Tho adlra PAohit l 1. 61—
llnm raptrah— tatuna, if wc iiaaigii tu the term*
oooarnng in it their tru>* anil legitimate aignificn-
tioD*, that an, that it to niy the vowel* n . t. and
*, -ub.tltntcd for tlio vowel »i. abonld bo fullowol
by r. It on* found by grammarian* tint thia
rule Muted too lilDe. a* it did lie* Uach that «*,
■ubMitatcd fur Dm vowel li,* *bould bo fullowod

rrUiiaa coly U. b*i they »re Mo l«» inb* •umdia a
(ootoniM. t*c U». MiUor 1 . M«ItU U"i*«(, p. 11

Tnr INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[W.ncu, im.

S‘2

by L To remedy tlii< il«4«'t Pfiaini'a commeiil*-
I.*. were obliged to ham iwOur-o U. .oteral
ingenious dor ire*. nttiibuting to I'llaiui doolrinca
ho never inenlrnted and cmilmnncos l*c never
intended. They In I>1 1 lint the rowcla W mi l U nrs
lioiiiagrnroiia, and Umt llio toimer, according lo
I I. ®. impllw tlio latter. Thin can naively lie
euiil to bo n jwrftcllj oornv* rioa, ■■ li in m*lu»Uy
given in tin *lta--Alr». Atoll etml* tlio com-
ntonlnlor. lire not nm-l-ll'lif. n« vrliilu n*a*rting
(ll.ll li, ullilll i> ginn III tlio *- lll’f.io. If lioloo*
grncniM n lib |f - nld.li in pi> lit r <1 lad it !■
tUi former being n dontal while tlio latter u >
lingual— they, in nlmoil Ibo inmo Iumth, uml,
lor certain object a which it in foreign to my pul-
pmmto mnitiun heiA tbit «•' nnd on. nblch in
imlnt of Uti om Ixmrngommua with n nml i respec-
tively, aro mil lmmo*ci.cout with ilium, Iwrauao
llio fomnr nro siren In ibendiatM at tlio login-
ning of n sfilra, Ilniing, liotrnrtr, by Ihli gram-
nml mil li. i ion bn nii-lii in lUvwil I by Implica*
i mu into tlio rule, limy bid a »llll Rimtir difllouhy
tn contend » lilt, vi», In ilmw tint tlm roimonanl
I ■■ tlio mrnllMioil in it. Tn mnt Ilia fault
•bftmUy they reaorted ton *<p in whirli il-ero U
i-i fintllil in point of aubtlety iii lln i* liolo rung*
•if gmommliml inv.nllon. They oontended llmt
tlm n in ilm a.xih 41 vn aiilw, If, I. mi il. nnd Mint
Mm cm mini r in tlio fifth flra-aitlm fnim- with
n tbs pntlyfd.tm ivi, which liiclml.a tin letter* >
•ml I In tbia cxlrtioi.liimry way llio eorannm-
tiler* of I'lUtini liaro explained Iho tfilra in
iiuoiliuo to mean that an •nbititsted for y» ami ff
•honkl be followed by i and f. If now we torn to
Ilm noneepomlinB rul«ofOhandr*-rikoW*luu-
wonroftnvul l? admit lliot IbotlocUlnn I* taught
llmre in tlio plainest ton *, nnd that tin* hi* been
« (T„<ced I'T udiiptiim of the proljAblra jib not

orenrring ill tlm afllra* of lMoini.

In both work* thu employment of pmtjAhAraa
ia not oonflmd to lettcri. but their apjilinulun i*
iitcndcd lo alKxf" al-n, which appear to bo mu-
nierntod ni tlm annul order, beginning with urn
nml ending with !■>,<• Tlia afllx prntyAUrna am
■lio identical In the »Vr»n of both gntmnuilkina,
with thin d.l'livi.re i that in Clmndiu tbore am t«o
r»j«, one l.iniiid will. > ntld •'/, ia ia IMaini,
anil thu other with m and /vj*.

A remurkabto Hrolure in Ilm nyitem of Clnmdra
■ilba nbicnco from il of •'■"id toehnunl tenn*
inrouttd by l’iorni, ee adopted by him from prim
griimnariani aueh aa yuan. m.iMlli, p/oyyi'lpu.
Mttvmdau'aflidmi, yli, naff, lAof, and amend
other* Tld» elrrunvitanec led ire n!. flint to »up.
pow that Chandra’* nork on* prior to IHaiufi •,
but n ebwr examination hna con«inccdiDoU»t
tlm onn^kju naa lultiatKiuoI. The reason for till*

Hep. Ulnars to l>n tlut, wbilo by the omiuion of
Ibeie ternu no obscurity or loiiKlhctdnjj of (!•
tiltrna would remit, there was the decided ailrnn-
Ingo of mnny nlllnv., encli a> thoao defining them,
or rotlior ox|Aiining the mtniimgt anlynol to them
being oinitud aml.indoed.of otlmra bring actually
•boricivod — a primary objwl according to tlio
M iilihilJiAya in all gmmnntical tfltrna. I aboil
(lilt >1 into tliii by an oxnmplc or two.

I'inlnia explanation of tfultlhi ia " Of fdiUir
iih), A”. if y vii, . •• ,i.l. it It muat be rtmem-

borril Hint IIium nil in* aro not properly apenhing
d.finitloiK of tlm tonni rWifdbi and ynuii, but time
tlio]' merely giro tbcau tiaiiu'e to ilm lettora mon-
tinned in tlio ifitriit. Now llietc term* are by no
rnenna allot I er than the onircrtible terma .UuuA
nnd ad ... nml hence no adraiilnge isganiinl by tlm
two of tlio former in a afitrn in preference lo llio
latter, which may bo u»sd to equal at rant ago. aa
they aetuully bate Iraq by Obnnilni,

In tlio caao of awiaaiidiaitafMmi con* Ming of
in ayiublor. llit rula n tiunihlcrablu aotMiOtnlaliig
of qiare by it* null *• mil nnd by tho retention of tlm
diwylluUn 4ia“* ii.-.l by Chind.M, and onciirring
In t«0 adlria of I’dniul, expUinmg tho loolinMal
t«rm oa/vaiarfMiuMhliM «ta„ at in I. I. and lul
In I. I. 111.

Tho Ylpratwhcdha ifllrn, IMnim i 4, S, nnd
tlm A ddillat tfilra. IM| ini rill. 1. nl.o «w«ur in
Chandra, tlm latter bring place! in about Ibo
Diddle of Ibo third pA.bi of Urn alith iwli.jiya.
Tho aAtraa, therefore, in Ibo latter half of tho third
pit i ami in tho wliolo of tho fourth are, aa II
were, non oxi •tent in referonoo to thoao in Ilm
preceding flro odbyAyia and two |Adta. and about
ono-lalf of Uio third |Ada of tho alxth.

2 . f ahull now advert to the work mentianodat
tho beginning of thin pnper, whirh him i*iubl«l nm
to gaibcr tlm nboro-inunliotiod fuel* regureling
ciwmlm'a ginininar nnd several oilier Inct* which
llio limited ipaoo of tl.ii jaipor proehiiltw my
-luting here. II ia called tho and

i« a ri'prndurtlon of Chnndm'a grummar by it
lluddhlat pric't named Ktsjapa, who lived in
LVylon abo.it aeven eontarica ngre nml of whom
I hope la write n »bnrt nrrmtnl ha’vnfler Tlio
re,vlci will be ildu lu fomi some idea of the work
and of il* cxli',1 ulmn I nay that il licnra Ibo *oiuo
relation, ip rt^ntd- matter and arru<gomcnl, to
Clmtnliu’o goimmar na tlm f.nylwtuiu.ivM iloe*
to llul of IVi I'inl. 'nm /..ijiinf.icum u,f( ia nn
ahridgoirK'iit of a larcer work call'd tho £iVdA<fii-
•iilnn.iindf, remtaining all the afitrna of I'dnini.
ddfririitly nrmngod and explained; but whether
I ho BifJdmlanfDinm in nn abudgemcnt of nn nl-
tco-ly existing "orb bearing the time relation to

II » ncii, 1880.)

UI8GRLLAKRA.

Clinndn* m tho SAAfkMiiXMMaimff does to PAgiiti in llio A\WM fur the forirniiou of l'Ainui'*
x n qucolkm nMi'li I BID not Jit In u |KK.Iiuu to fort J-ono piatyAl.Arn*. n« mil ba wwi nil u nun-
dcoldo If, bo never, an introilnctory vim benny |.iii»on of tlio too uhieli I ipuitc l.crt for tlio
gniilo, 1 .liould to very much Ineliucd to «ni<luilo purpamei—

Ii.it til. work i* m. ni igi.ml one, or. in »tlw» mini*, •• ,\nB.ir»n Mi eyiir ikuinAeh chalurbhyaaUi hi.rtiuu
ilmt K.'iijj|-i him iffivioi in llio CMnln -jilm n.dmit |

wl.nt KViiiii.liii.lin Inn done in tlio IMnintyn l.y DiAhliyfnli m&nyo 'p 1 plBchobliyo lna Ul *M-
hi* nark nailed llio JVelkrfyiAvt«niu.ff wkiolv no bl.yo vidlity.Ie

daubt, afforded n model for |ll.nt|<>jl In llio Niue KVfc-iA “ Kluan.An ru!I.in»T*lA dribbykn
|.o*itkm of 111* SoMAifnlnluiuaiulfc. ’flu rcr*o .Inn tribl.yaora koomAh .y.it. |
rofmed to 1* ibo following:— Jf.rjno ebayna cl.alurbbyo i«|. |>*ficlinbliyal<

•' lllugiviinl.uli j«g».lvundjain abhivnndyn to- «.Wu .Imdbliy.h f,"

lliAgiU.h | A* TOgnidl llio »riimR<meiil of llio inlijoit* in

IIAlAvatxdhnnnii blinluiu CbAndrn.iiidhnn Imro- U.o JIM, /mWA....", I urn tuiy mmli Inclined to
my nliMii II '• tin. opinion llml il i* nuwo higiml ami, anuiig* In

lloro iho uutlior Malta Hint lh« DdblwtorfAnuit my, nu.ro In conMiiiiuico with Kiropmn idea.

n hb'li l.a compared I* a drop IVnm lira "roan «f limit tlio nrrnngemnil in tho A*

Chandra. II llio nork wot an Mjinlgoinrnl of on mi inM.uce aH.'dii.g proof ul thia. I may mnu.
nlrendy e*Uliug rO-MTangenunl of nil or tlio tiim tlot in U.o former tlio dw.londonr or prrn
giotUr number of U.o .dinta of Chandra, the noaua and iiuinnn.1* aro givm In *o|*rato me-
nuU.or would mc~l probably bnvo referred to that tin..., nr.l not bhudeJ "ill. UlOM rf noana u ia
work In tho Introduction, jual a. VurndniAji, in tlo lullnr,

tlm Iniroluiilory rrrao to llio J^jAnhaniiiM.ff, Tbo M8. In i|itr«l|nn Mnngr In tlio laMkAttlikn
baa ■ tati<l it to Iw an abridged Si.Mkdnl.U.ni' vlUrn, a IlmMl.iU Umplo In th« Coal rat Province
m,,I( uf Ikiyl.m, nboul night milra from Knmly. |Im

Tlm inn .1; begin, with llio tuunl mloritlmi W mountain capital at the laknd. Mr, A. C. I.nwrin.
lludilba ... found in ulmoat all Uuddhlithol work. do*rtul Judge of Kuady, and n number of tl.o
Nuinoa U.mai bhaguvnte 'rhatn •atnyaloinm- rommlU«u nl tho Oriental Library of lltal ally.
buddhAya, Then fellow tho Introdu. lory vnrar wl> no lorvuea to lb* library cannot be loo high ly
given nbovo, nud Ilia mhnnw commonly oallul il.o valued. having rveolecl Inf-.rinaiUia nf them bung
ilra-.fttn.., Ingullior with a gW* i«|iWi1ik «I»0 ngood lulhcthm of M8H in Ihkt vlMm.nl nnco
uacof IW utinmi. nml tl.o il.ualllruil.x * 11.1 lor- precve.M loll" nhironmll.ini tl.o wl.olo collort ion
motion of lei U'm. 'Rio itlnioullimry •teltnunl mmliiOil ni*l i'«l*l.»i|io .l At Ida tw.pu-i, Kditw.
in tho K.inw«lf* tl.it ilw v.m.l It bn. no kng kaelnwe fl.InlifM* hiubllunuUkliito, tl.o immmbom
form, though It Im. u prolniul one n MM.ra-nt Of tin. itbAm. 1ml tlio «c.k to the hl-ury, uud

null. nppoHil In lb" AUfuifiM— la nl.n mot trilh It no* Iborc llial I found il ahonl three inontl..

inilm If iWaubiJAnmi, A hhmii >■ »»*gn.dfnr eigo. A cnivful nnmhmllm nf iho 518, Vd neo lo

llie eopellllou id llio K in tl.o oaborne, whleli I- brllovollml il* imlillrolUm woul.l U: of immenao
that II I* rt|* ul<*l in order tlial il may be uc aurvl.n 10 OrimUl « l-iliv* n- le nding In t’.nm

eluded in U.o pnilyAMl* ad. Sorb n vnuon I* now Hubl upi.lM|iu- n lilirc lo tin blaloeh'al

Mr,, mentioned hi iho i , .v/ndAo......orov r, nlc It nmnrx -n of ll»« dilToix^l .t.lci.i. of S.in.krit

iimiuoiMt*'*, lo d.lra n.f, Ilia |inUjf.l.Aiu» r»Kjlut. Bininninr ,«iol upun ntlwT |.rol.Um- in tl.r eoUUon
aonl dof ol’wlih'h eohrJnMam al |irraemt cagnged. With

Accoeding In llio K< i.i.o".i»\ «■'. loo i""l pn'll* nvieiv. Ihaivfiw, toil* |Hildlentlon I nude diligent
atm nni roiievn i d •■lib tlx f.in.iiliun "I I.Ui *. r.u|iilri.-a fm other copica of It. In every nuirlrr
but in llio >votk under uulkp a third till.’: i,i wt«..' I iknight any would tc foilliwmintf, for

mvntioiioil. tamely, fu.w*n, Tlwi p.iqioeo of eollaikm, but my *eorel. hai rc-

miildlo ol I ha Iui.riwi. tl.o riei.uiy of Iho tip of tin anil ul in llu iliaeovery of only l«o other ripk...

lougiio, nud II" 1 lip «>f tho lui.gno lt->*lf. Ui in pro- Ol lho-a 1 h Ions* 10 <b- 8u*luliuui|nliivlklm,

namvb.g Iho |«ilnlal*. tho lingual*, aodthadenlnl* 1 nnr Knmly, nml ll.e nil.# I. llu lonrm.1 high-
iv*|W'liirlr. In Iho ol*o of tlw oilier U-.tera tl.o pifcat. Sou.inirila. l'riii<i|Mll of tho O-leninl
.. .a. d*l*o. unit aro the aaiuc. Culleif", • "■ .tun I. > All lln lluvo o.pi.i now in my

llefero having tho »ubjerl of U.o rln*-iflrnli>ll p..a*cn*|t.ii— mi'l i iln um biliovr II likely that nny
ofhllcv. and Iho mintoof il.eir fiiliiuilion. nml l.ioro iv.nl.l I" ..Hod lo llio numW— arc in tlw
lov ing on lo the eh.ptel' i*< •amlln. n fclrilull^ S-nlmlioo cl.rorln'i bni llie edition I intend
give,, reotiioling tho p.oteildra. lo forty-two. pnt.ti l.ing will ep|«.vr in tl.e Doranln-i lyre.
•» lnt'li Ix-Iiia n clone n.cmhl.iico to that un "‘0 togulhcr nilli u inufaro, cipUnuory notiu. o..d .

Mnun, 1880.J

MISCELLANEA.

8D

o.iilomplatc ilm Ixnnu of (lio with a mini pinna
mind 1 Every one, InMh inen ami women, ought
e-i-tlii} to chonac LU wood (A. /mom /A- Drm oaJ
Ik' Ati"/a nllglna), Y« offspring of renownnl
anccstora, nwulco to ngroo with ua (L- to approve
of my lore, tube delivered w you ni thin mo-
mi lit I Tho prophet tmgliii In deliver the word*
n» ruled to him lij tho anrroil flame-).

;l In tho beginning there waa a pair of twlna.
two -pint-, each of a pomiliar activity i thrae we
the good iiml the bite, in thought, wool, and deed.
Chooeo mm of (how two • pint a I lie good, not Luo I

4 Ami tho-o two -plrila united nrrnf.il llvo liiwt
(Me miUirJul Magi) ; one. tho renlily. tlio other,
ilm noo-roaliiy. To lln> liiarw IfA- m i.t j ( v,i./
Me Ihn •». ir. yitib) exiatmeo “ill buunw Inil.
whilat tho boliovera iu thu true (iod enjoy proa-
perity

6. Of lliitci twn -pint- yon mint cliootO one.
illltar the evil, the originator uf tlm waral notion-,
or tho Into, holy nplrll. Some m»y imli to hum
tlm ImriU.t lot (r'.r , lAm. mAo will mil fine- Me
j.idyflii.l/i /Veit-ii/fy.'oii), other- ail.no Abuiu-
tiKindi by inrun- of ibicorw actiona.

>’< Votl enmiol linking to both of ll "fit I- - .'., pon
nivoof tr MOIlMjifim t/M-vno h o. amf i /
i.i in i) yoiU nl Ik* Minn lim»). Omi of tlio Ilm..
uguinat whom we lira flglitlng, might ovorlnlto
) on, when In ililllwimllon (wW /n'M porr ore f-
i iuArniwV, whUpnrlm toymt to elmoa- llmwot-it
miml* Till'll tlm Ihwn* thill, tngetlii-r Inn • -ill) L
il«i two live* (M- Wny'M' Wy iro.irtii/./ M*
an-rV. imiiaul lay tin |ini|.lnl*

T. And Iii am vuitr tin- hf*(Li n,-,. .i». tl', Ar-
inaiti* eonto with rrinltli. the goml mid trim iminli
• In', tlm oioi'loatlng one, Mtulrd tlm liillerinl
wuilllt bat till) mill, II- to lime, till' Ill'll 1-411*11
aiming eroaUd l» Inga. w— with TIhv.

H Hut wlien he (Menu'/ apiVil) come* irith nun
of tlltuo evil- (Ar mm mi’i/i ml /imhihj Ik /nW./eiv),
tin'll thou luml the power I In* nigh the good mini
of punialiiiig them who break tlico- punuii.i, O
nglilooua -pint "

!» Tlm* III n- lw -niliii. Iidp life of the
fniuro.' Tho wimi living -pirli*' nro the givnlewb
inpproiera uf ll. 'Hio |inulnnt man vIwImm only
to Iro I Into where ni.ilom ia nl liiinie

10 . Wimloiu i- I hi ilioltor from lie., the mini,
hi tat ion of |l*o dmtioyn (/A- nil epMl). All
|mrf«t thing- nn> gnrtmivd up in ilm aplelidid
itwidenio of Ilm fluid Mind (Vnliu.mniiu), the

• atAa'IO ti»l*S i l,4f|>rflfit tVltjflf^lU fifth*) IlM S IN M»T-
fttlv " #vil mml" II i» ft |V 1 r - . * ■ I m 1 14 1 ti'rn

Ai'ntWttf* ftM'. I... II . ||' taf UHl-fV-dlrtaV.

n. fl.TviKU. w Iii 'Vi it thu cautf t*l ill oil*.

• Kfc- m tbr in^*l Ilf tuitli felitl tlui |k r» «>i I itim of
ITyrT 1

• T>nt is Iii ny, nlm *iw (u.iluj (lm Milfvin no*
ini- In liiivr the |:ilylh*o^(i rtiifUU, and l- f.Uni Dial

AViao (Xlaidn 1 , ami tlm Rigliteoim (A*hn)." wlm or.'
kimuii ai tlm lie-! tninga,

II 'niereforc, |icrfintn ye tlio comm!initmon|>
wliii'li. pirfamiedhy Miu>ii hiioaelr. Into Iio'ii
glieu to mmihlnd; fir they men miinnee and
IKiiditloil 10 linra. hut pio-lieitly to tho Ulieurr
ill tho truth; they ure tlm fuaigain of lap-
pinna.

ATAUMBANA.

Dr n«v.8. tint, B.A.

Mr VSitrl. in liia very u-fiil II, i.VWf/o* i hr
.SfmA'iil </ Cfoi.it> ft.Jiffiiim, iinvingo- mideriltr
hending L’fio.ln il .• part Irnliiw uhiih ii'lalo to tin
” wn'tiflro for tl-- dead" iximmon among Iiml-
dliin*. alien I iii (Vim nml.lnpan, (iiml iu CVylon

Ilian, nivimling in b|U'l Ilanly ,W« ni.nf </ II

JA.— p. ftpi, iiniihuwi il- IVh day «f Ilia 7ih uioaiii.
Thu. title L7 .mIi- -liooltl iiml. ilm I-* reuondta
/t ..A; > f.'.ii, ai Juheii give* it ill hi- .lMfLirfi | IMS l,
• ml ■> tlio Knoyrlirpnnlii 1 ’. J»i'.J < ».(»• r in • M ty n<
ph'ii-^Aii’iivo tlr.ihl, 'A\v Ttita title -tivilumtiioa

' ll 'VI 'lion : l el. ...1 1 1, |||||

hind downward-, of i'. unlmp|iy |»| npnnl. of ilm
/,/mA'i. pl'riim. Tl*l- Idiu I- mil a new inin In
Hlndil fum y. AW ill know how ilm 11 It, 11*1" or
" Vi ini, '' In Ilm fate I* •iiapetubd hiiiililo-nw ird*
fliioi n I 1 "'. »i»l Vihmoi repeufidly ml* him

, uni I'noie- loin awny on hi- Imik. Wo inoy

| ivme.nli.r iilwiimhi 1/iiA JMifnihi (I'mm o .miiI
Imiw Agn i y .i 1 1. • I l< hi • 1. 1 - •ii-|a'lliL<lhv Ihrlr

fn.'lv ill II pit. Hurt «... I. Id by Until tlm! ll.,
rOlihl only lie t iliinilcil by Ilia l-.ilin^ n win
I'/A.n/.i <y‘ Mr /-Jiir, vul I.. p. llgi ai.l.
In-iMiiiw nro -W-ienl to allow ilui ilm ten.
.(niA. ui An«n i- lull mini Id algnify literally tin* ion-
dil vnii of Ihnno unilwln nit -1 -mil- olio nillUr in
purgatory (wo Inive uanlher tvonl hy lining urn
pel-led lend dillV'IIWIinU. III! Hill .intilli'i oilido try

III .1 ifl.|ii.iii»iiii. irllii'i peiimi.i. ii.i.vii.i il- in

front Ihrlr -tilfei'lng-. lfnw nearly il i- nlei of ilm
ilinldliiaH npprooi lim lo that of I lie condition of
auul* in l.iiiilni- omi ilmir ten bo by tlio oifermg-
or -nirifVieH of 1 Imlr ftltiul- on earth le ti-i | .nu
to i axil loinuicnt. Mr. ICitel, however, "unhl *«
ligll I lie origin of lliia taiaioin of " toorilli'ing for
tlm lUtad" nmong llie Hnddlii-la In lie time of Hie
Y ogn eli A i * -id- ail. int imlnei d inidChinn iit.nii
1. li. rlU. Uni iv i hnve. in fi- I. I S '." 1 ■ ni*’ar. d
into Cliini'-e ill tlm linn I lit* Oi-mo ‘I -hi

MkHidI Ii, y.ir.illiii '.lr*.iiilll«'|Miiidipl ll-l d -Id

llie> Wi-it their |.r..ailM>.

’ la lint |!|>- re* «r lutv llir o-n-*«if Uia dutiniiof

Hie e .in ill II III. 1. ill" I ■ I am |li» airlmr. ti-raua

uuth on Hir'J-lAi-, ivl. I rt- IW-IM.

* 1 ln>— in thu arvlilir- l. <Amihi^*eil»

• Ibrw laauasf ao'haicelt.

8i>

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY

[M.i/n.

dynatty (i. a. tiro. fito *. by the turnout prion
1) h a r m n r a k a li a, reloting to Ihia very aubjret.
It occur* In ill* Stli clinptoi of ilio <oU option
oilled ftin/'ti mid i* culled
/? .11 j. mi ii- Aivy. (' r. the Sdf.n ^on/mutuiui apoketi
by HinIlliB. We ahull pioctcd togirra liauiUlion
of tbit limit annum, nod >o Uuvo |bo mat tot iu
the hand* of Ibo atudeot.

Tti> ^tuifimtlutun iVJ/m.

'limit burn I heard. Bmldlitl nl ODO Unto wu*
■willing m Dm country of Briiav.i. in lliv garden
of Join llm friend of the nrplinna. At tbta timo
Mu go Ian bating Iwgun to acquire tho aii
aupernatural pownra (vn.lAt), doalrlng aboro all
tiling*, front a ItuMir* of piety, to d.liror hia fatlior
and mother. forthwith cnllol Into uao Hia |>ow«r of
•iipcruatuntl .ight, and looking throughout the
•Olid Ito liohoid In* unlitppy mother canting
without food or drink in tlm world of PriUa (hun-
gry ghotaal nothing but akin ami bone. MuguUn.
■iion'il with til ml pity, iattnoiUiloly preaentod to
hor hia almadaiwl llll-il with lie*. IIn mother,
then taking tin bowl in Iter left hand, endiuvo* rod
with lur right to convey the rtco to her mouth,
hot before it «nm* nnar to hei Bpa. to I Hie rice
•ua roil re* Ini Into firry (take* »0 tint ako could
•ot cot thereof. At tlin .Iglit of i hi*, Mugtlan
ultvird .1 |iU*«i* cry. 01.1 wept many l-ue- ho

I hia wny to (ho |ilum whore Buddha -na

looatnl Ariiv.il tlmro, he cipUmt.l wliai had
happened. mid awaited DuddW. Invirortlun. On
thi* lit* ma»tor oprtwd hi* mouth, and wild. "The
ain which bind" your mother to llita unlmppy flit*
i- a aery grioar-ta one, from tt you con never by
your own .trougtli rc.eu* her, no I nor j.t nil tlio
power. of oat ill or licnren. men or divine beluga i
not all tlieae arc equal to the tnak of dilirmuiM.
Mol by Maombllng III* |i»ioata of lb* ten r t imrt«ra.
through th«ir apirliuil energy diUrennee may
lip had I will now rvcomil to you the method
of rraciic from till* Bird nil aumlnr •oUmiUa."
Thru lliiddlm continued — On llm l>.li day of
thoTlk mouth lliepiicataof tlie ton i|«iirler» l»ing
gatlwnal together onglil to promt in olTorlngfor
the ire.uo "f nno.ntora during acvcit gi'imraiioti.
pa*. n* well at tlmro of the prou-nt gcnertlioii,
every kind of choice fowl und drink, aa well
nv Bleeping matcriola and Ixd*. There tlioald
hr oilrred up by the uaemblod printthood ni
though tho ancor.or" themwlvea were prmaot. by
which they .Imll obtain deliverance from the pain*,
and In liorn at oneo in a condition nfhappineia in
Heaven.” And, moreover, the World 1 moored
One taught hia follower* oarlniu word* to bo

• to.il We Onearal. Str. «. lWk

ropruud at tho dieting el the aaorilicca, by which
the virtu* thereof would be oortninly accured.

On thia llngnUn with joy uceeptoil ill* inatroc-
tiou, and by mean* of thia inalitution rcacued hi*
mother from her anflkring*.

And no lor all future time tin* raoani of
dallvomnoo ahall be otTm-tonl for tho purpot*
driigncd, in year by year I lie offering* are proaonted
ncivmllng to the form delivered by Buddha

Having hetird thu*o worel*. Mugalan and tho
rent dcturlcd to their Mlernl plnoea, with juyoua
benrU and glud tbuuglitt. 1

the rooTn-MKAi. or ahoka.

Dl It tv. H. Ilatt, HA.

In«li*ourtoo* lagond given of A aoka in Uurnoufa
Xnfroliiefion d f'lfilf. <Im BiUdAimu M p. *l>7,
wn read that hi* wlfaTUliyamkahiu, determined to
poniab lieraon indaw K an Ala, forliia niwi nun-
pliiiiico with her wnhim, by baaing hia breiilifiil
eyra pul out . Por ihli pnr|ioao, having got tlm
king to gnuit her tho royul authority lur aeven
day*, all* wrote a letter to the naaglat rut** of Ttik-
.linhla giving order* to Ihia oiloi t -"Thai the eyra
of K u n A ) a ahonld nl one* bo lorn uaat ■*' W* rend
thou Hint »ho cnUMal thi* letter to be -enl~l with an
"Ivory mul/’umj to bo dnpnt.l.ed m Iu deatinu-

Imn. Hid r»|iir»Hlo«l "•n ■••on il'ivinre,"

by lliiriu mf. Ima boon almwn by Jnhin ili. IMn)
tu be really «|uiv.letll to th* " anal of hit looth"-
tho SaiMcril dmi/n ino.nlng both “ivory” ami
" tooth," and tho Chineao veraloti demand, the
lalUr .ignlrtoal.nn in III* legend before iu W-
Imve licvo another proof of llm advnntug* of
•ludylng the Pliinow’ acooiluU in oonnMiiHi with
iheie Uuddhbt legend* Irnn.laled from Urn Rant-
kyit nr PAH. Bill our object in drawing tho render
olteulkm lo till* legend ia that lie may COtnpnru
thi* tooth- senl of A-okn with the fillowliig rernca
which occur in Ilio gift of land* to tho Hawiinn
ftimily (Marquia of Qaatinga), rid* " BurWa P.-r-
ni,., aub- " llaatlnga" i—

• I, William, king, the third of my reign,

Give to Paulyn Rawdon, Hop* nnd Hopotowno.
With ail the bound" both up nnd down*.
Prom hrnven to yertbo, from yertlie to bel,
Pur the* and thyno there to dwell.

At truly n* thia kiogviglit ia mine.

I'or a crOMbow nnil an nrrow.

When I ini com* Ui hunt on yarvow .

Ami in tok*» that thia thing ia *ooth,

I bit the whyt ■»» with my tooth.

Before Meg. Mnwd. and Margery,

And my third *on Ilonvy.”*

• Proa. The OrGatal. OrUtor 1, 1871.

Mirth. 1880.]

BOOK NOTICE.

*7

MCTRIOAL V SI1SIOV.H *nOM TUB

u*iiJmiAbata.

HV JOHN MOIR, b.C.L.. I.L.D.. *«,

w.)

Tin laatax Kiho!*»m»i in Ancir-vr Tm«.
SlahMAratm, liii. 219MT'

TIio ra»u wlm on the V.da. look"

A* on authoritative l.iukr.

Who break it their rulm. and epiirni nit law,
How ii on his band muat ram draw.

'fliu llulliiiiuo who. in rain oono-t,

Willi Morn iltoaa "unpturct darea lo limit.
Who, "hallow, yet Mull and amait.

On logic dotoa— that wor»lilu«. art,—

Who, toi-i-l m nil it. I nolle*, know i
llm nimplcr brethren how n> poor
Wlioaublly aytlogiaiug •peak".

In wordy will lo ix>u<|uer "i>ok".

Who llidlimuiu goal nnil Iran rovlloi,

A l til I liny (u y routomptuoui amllm,

Tho truth" limy urge Willi duubt raccLm.
And nluolutely nought tolinrCO,—

Tlml man In a pooch ao .harp, nnd wild,
l> nothing belter limn a dnlJ.

Nay worn" i Iho wlaii-l nmn and brat
That wrangle*, n» a dog, detoH.

For jurt ii« dog" a Mail thoir prey,

Willi aatugo grnwlt. mid rending, atay,

No loo llm* hay -roir.iu itnvo,

Tlw ac.ipturr* Into ilirod. lo rlvo
Tit* following i« u nearly litoral vciwiun of llm
lino* of which llio aUiv# i- a fimi |iu»|dirnui
" Iho opinion llial tlio »VJ,M |iom««> no author

lly, ill* tniugrminu of the Siltimi, and an
universal |awh>ian> **—(»**« ffu'nffJl are the de-
al ruction of a man’* iclf. The Di Aliuan who (an-
citi hiiurclf a Itnnjil (fnirunl maw), and who
mile- dio r-ifi.i, who i> dovotid lo the tcioufe of
rcnionirei melon logic, who nttira argumentative
•|M<ci'hea among good men, wko I* a VKtOriuui
■ r.ingUr, who routinnally inniiltn andahnni Untie
main, who iaan uulvorud ntm|ilio and diJutled -
*ui'li n man. however Aarp in hi* apeesli, i* to ho
rvpanlcd aa a rhild. Ho ia looked upon u a dog.
Jurt m a dog aaiaili tu linrl and to kill, mi iucIi
a man uhn* nl talking, mid .1 dortroylua nil tlm
fitUI f»i iMriptarM}.”

Wlulerar concluaion might lia«e been diuwn
from noth |«imii>[oi at tlio preceding, tlm lliMi*
main of old ware by no innuia ladiapaicd lo argn*
m»ntullre di*cu— iuii»i lint, on the cunt iwy. in in
to hare modo a |inMlic* of Mulgikg in than on
lm|iuitmil ucaaaioM wbon they met in laigo iwtt*
bare. Thia Ia nliown by two |ianaa*e« Iroui tin*
Kd.-.fipina, I. Id. 19 (Ih.mbay editon), and tint
iMtlbUiuU, »iv. WHO. in ■nu.l.r Lew.. that
during Ibn AavnWnlliM diorwo<Uieiilci>a)(ulob'tll*
ml. in tbe m»- m~ by Dimirntlm, nun in the other
by Yudhlabfliim. wlnjio it u naul lUu •• «i»c and
"lt>|iunt IlilUmiimi. eager for victory, ungngetl in
argumentative dncunioua aboil tlio r**eo«i of
thing*. ■

It «*. only whm Um nuthoriiy of iho Mae w«.
rnIM In i|UMtton. or anything decidedly WfMfcltl.
or ad Venn t • tliell l"•ll high malt prUrndoil*

(tllOMgU ill lilt U»t II1|IH» III# .UlUadrtilo It.

«oif U oflan uiKiltliodoil, II I" maarUld, that
tiny look ike alarm, und nought toulmeo argu*
mout. *

HOOK NOTICK.

Il.iriin Hi mi •*|iiTtrPmri.Rihwwl«kitili"inf Native .

Mai."..". Unit***, nml ll-lltior It, Oi|< ill. t J V 8.

r,wh*I. Ml II 8 . ("IrilllH tk'I'UlV IVo-MiMiuMT,

Rrltiah Buraa. Uiiiduo • John Murray t Ifftk

Captain Korbo" toll* ua that biu work owe* ila
origin to a remark in tiro of tho lail

Ccn* ni Kotlrlng boworcr raukl I*'* «*"mli»o
tb« hialk of the unmewhnt dry rompiktlioii "linli
mo i-niduc"! under tlto impalMOf' Secratoriato*
and goMtteer

Hie v-aliMiral iuforamllon oreopiea five line*
of out uuthor'e preface, oiic-fiflh of tl>0 apace
given lo acknowledging t,lc merit" of |i"im«rn
in bit own line* of rv.earcli Twvl.o iliapura

treat aucroiaively of phyiirnl gi'Ogmpliy, rdhio-
logy, ootkil life, lnorhtpl.nl. oeeiipatioM, game*,
feat l vnt>. folklore, fore-t tiil**, lludillii«m in
Burma, llm tnonn-lle order, nnd tlw language and
litmlane of tbe country, nnd are followed by
a g«i«l in dei.

Captain Forko- ia well known to h»Y# a dOM
ari|unmunec with tlio Burma of to day, and dura
net attempt tlui bwtwtenl troulmrtd of hi* .oh-
jecl, though tliwi ar.' indication, ht-tv md t'ure
In Ilia hook nr till) power to A* m» if I*? cboio.
Probably tin mart iiitermliiig parti of the work
arc the cbtptcra mi “ Social Life and MnnnorR,” aa

raler. >od Hie ■imnniala of • «|>cri»taml mwlathia -ai
boll) -a t .4 la India iu i»d» tw.u

' The wru* of «k*'h iho f IV.wier ii a fnw trm.latrta
iii.o an inUto/. r, dtnuitj Uat tba utinu poodirt with
wluck •. mi luiudar in our o»a doj Uiltrera the nudi-

T1TR INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[U.KO., II-SA.

tbo roOet spirited nro thoeu upon nninmnonU
and festivals. In the former, it in pteuanl to
find him disinterestedly taking up the cudgel-
for the much nbuicil opium-iinckcri. admitting
the mischief of tho hi In l whim noBUtra, but
reprehending tho nbiurd gcnentliutiona under
which nil degree* of t he Imhit are treated a. alike
ruinmi. uuil utuxini|m'iuhlc. He gives un inter-
rstiug cute uf *u upim-cuier whum ho irnt to
jail |io* foe opium-ailing, hut haring uoastcnii-
hie tneuni of lirdihood,) and who nftorwanU
enuin to thunk him fur having tliui liegim Ini
rofottnuiolt. Captain Foil*-. conniilers opium
oiliay murh morn iiijuitniii than the .making.
Tlie present wn let's observations in Weatmn
India lead to tho oppoaito conclusion i which may
ptolubly bo accounted foe by *omn difference
in the preparation and method of u»e.

Nothing Butman. pirhap., lui been more
ilitcukictl iii Drillsl. I in' in thnu tho peculiar

piiMllnu if tin Him •women | especially ik

kUOItllon Inin Iwon Iwico drown lu it by the well
miunt, hut not very Judiciuus, ntteui|<i of differ
ent Chitl Commimlonrr* to mural. .V llm p.^m-
lotion by order numbered anil dated, Wo arc gtid
to Hull ( •i»i»ln 1 'iwUu. mi iiiotllrat authority.
Uurlng fn ion nil de testimony |i> tin character of
tli llornuti wiimcn. The fivcduiiluf dilutee, very
R*clt indeed, lint not gitwtee Ih.n Pal-ltd In
I iipnlnl Rulin', anil imw e. -I. In lome of tlie
United Hi. to, hi. I d Iin.iy obu m-r» to form
iiimuriuiiublo oonoluiiuna agum*'. tbo general
mnittlity of tho community. Tito fart seam. to be,
that whilo tho position or women in Burmit in
decidedly freer and pleasanter than in poninaulnr
I ml Ik or mint other put. el’ A. n, the, nre really
much loss apt then* to abuee their liberty tlinu
their imilarol tlaterentotoelnat ihnlrsorvl tunic, -
a mult which might rcasm.aMy I* expoirUd, and
for tho diitiuU of which we am nroommoui our
roadeen to our nutlior.

I'ertiaps nothing could better illn.tratn use
plioae of thi. iniWpimdeiKO and community nf
ioleiv-l with tlie man. than the daoeripthin <.r ■
«t range "lug of war” which in performed upon
the i‘ii nir til clafihpio of n dopirtcl Buddh.it
taint. Two riling,.. .t.itv otoli to move tho car
in thoir own dira-t.inii. tagging nt lingo nmn-
rop.-* of cono or coir. •• At flint a few hull and
idlern begin pulling at u.tlor sulo. without much
effort on the henry mi». Eaeh aide call, some
more of their friends, then perhaps a headman
of a village to which aomo of the lad. belong
join" in, tho number, gradually increase, and the
ear laigine to mediate ; and a. tho attention of
the crowd in drawn towards it, tho villager, of A
and B aiming up, join thoir friend, oa citlwr

fcdo. Suddenly a liooduuu of U villngo scoa tho
hciidman of A pulling away and inciting hi. men
ho give* myall, "bouts for nil Ilia people, aiul riiahea
to tlus ropm, which aro now well manned. Tho
car, atrongly nunlo a. it i«, ahskes and quiver*
with the .train, while the loRy canopy of cUtlic
bamboo rack* violently bsckwarda ond forwarda.

I love seen tho struggle la-l for anhour or motw
without either |MCty etlrfing the ear more than
i. few I’cec. Tlie crowd, as uiunl, grt violently
exciud i every man that baa an aDpmintauce nr
friend in at hoi rillugo Join* ini I haro aeon
policemen on duty fhmtknlly waving thoir slave,
to encixmigu the oonianding beroo., or ru.bing
at Kune ahirker to bring liim bonk to the liau-

II *“ mi nan Inking noUOO of the want of illioi-
plinc. Now peihapn one aide gain the advantage,
nnd wiUi dnafening shoot- drug tho car nmn'
pioeai but lol in roah fresh forore, Led by
aume oinitsd ohl lady, all llio women and girl, of
the lowing village lly to thn rescue. ami mingle
with tla-ir hil.luiul., hrotlcra, and Intel, at the
ro|«w. Now, t lion —If you are mon-you kyw 6a
w I"* 11 Tory iltama till you .nap thaoobl** I
lllrnth ! I,t lp<* ! Apr ,' it come. | it w ,me. •
and with a ringing nlvccr away we gu Iriumpbunl,
.nine hundred yatda or «t>.“

It la |nt]tn..ililn to read tlila book, or for tho

Of live beat worka ii|nei

ilimna, alMe.ul remarking the atrong rttatim-
l.h.nre IkCwoI’U the ehnracMti.tka ui.lgnad to
the nallrei. and thont) or anmo of the older trilx*
in Waatorn Indm, c.pecially the court Kolia,
a ppei living umlor .imikir phyainal txmdlUooa,
though poll uully depreaiad. There i* the
•aimi phy'ii|iu\ Mimowlial ahiort and lavo.ul hut
active uinl of tougher lkl.ru thin la found among
the morn Aryan rare, the mini bpmd. almort
Mongolian fane and comoliiu>». mtber than Imiuty,
of tho younger women t who.c die. a, ton, the
.l.nvt . 1 /.’, Winn without tho tcpireto I in, lice,
•rente closely to renemble the llorme.o fanuin.
And the olieerfal. eectahle cUnatCcv. and read,
friend lino, a with luiy Earopeon who will tab*
any trouble to approach them, contet, atrongly
with thiorciirvoof the euperiorObi-QRngatie race.,
ckiM.'.t when it genu mo.t thrown aside. Homo
•p -ntbllions oil ihl, head nro thrown out l.y our
author, who mention., betnlra, the Mongolian
character of Buddhist n; U ||>t„rc. at 8arWUh, which
can ho fOimlloJIod from .om. of tho Wwtern
coves, where die* nnd f.nbire arn fre<iucntly
distinctly KolL Thi. ground, bowercr, an which
wo «l>ould like to accompany Captain Forbca
further, is forbidden to us by cautioo arM want
of bjocc

W. P. 8.

Amu 1«80.J CHIXGHIZ KHAN AND HIS ANCESTORS. 69

CHINOHIZ KHAN AND HIS ANOESTOR8.
ny ickxry h liowoirrii. p.sa.

I.

VJINOR writing tho first volume of my It it lory
* - 1 / th* I hare luul tho good fortune

to nwi with tho Huv^ian translation by Palladia*
oft ho yit/jii-cVom/u-sAj, or ' Secret IL.forv of tho
Mongol Dynasty,' which has boon again tniiia*
hitcd for mo by somo of my friend*. This work
i* by far the moat important authority which we
!»<**<*• for tho history of C h i n g h i * K h a n ami
ill* ancestor*. Acoording to Dr. DreUidinciderit
was originally written In U 10 Mongol luvgungu
and wm finlsltnd in tlio yewr 1240, at the tamo of a
grtut awmbly on tho river Kent Ion. Tho work
j* quoted in tho lluny-wu->hi-ln t or ' 1 Mailed
Hivuid of the Itcigri of lliing-wii,' under tho
year 13*2, wliaro, wo arc tohl, that it hud been
written in tho Mongol tongue ami in Higher
diameter*, und that n Chi mao translation of it
waa mode, to which lln Mongol text wne
annexed, not in tlw original Irttcm, but by
rviidcring the Mongol miiiimD by Chinese lot term.
Palladia* translated hi* torsion from u copy In
Chinos* contained in a collection of reprint*
published in 1H-IH. A Her he had (muhifol this
lie diaoovoreil a copy of the M ing edition, nocom-
punied by the Mongol text in Climrwohiiruotcr*,
ami fiHind that wlint he hud Inundated,
and what 1 * alone therefore available, wj only
an extract of tho original work which comprise*
lo chapter*, and Im* no title. 1 To tlii* notice I
may add that my friend Mr. Wylie net with a
1 opy of the /irisAf, in Chum, written

in the Mongol language in Chin*** character*,
a* above mentioned. This wn* partially Iran*
oribcnl for hint, but the original copy wan loot
during the rrb«Mi.»n, so Unit what ho iimw hot
in only a fragment.

* 11.0 Yu<i*-cK'*a-}>i**kl I believe lo bo the main
source of tho matter contained in tho flint book
of tho Yuoq-sAi*, or • Imperial Annals of tho
Mongol dynasty,* of which tho first thro* books
were truiidatcd Into Russian many yearn ago
by Hyiu’i tithe, while the first one has boon ic-
iNintly translated into English by my friend
Mr. Douglas. Prod! the Ynd&eh'ofrpi-di the i
author of the A Ua* Tbpehi amt Swiunp Sctxrn
apparently also drew thu curlier portion of
their matter. Tho Alton Toptki or 'Golden

Epitome' is .1 Mongol chroniclo discovered by
the members of tho UuRkinn MihhUm to Pckiug,
and publidkcd with a translation in the (Itlt
vnlamo of tho Jf/uieiVrvof tho Eastern Bmnch ol
the Ini jiv rial Archeological Society of St. Peters,
bmgh by a Buriat Lama named (hibuii
Uunsbouf. Tim Iasi KM* mentiunod in it i*
Ling da a, who rnoanted tbn throne in the
yrar 1001 , and the Inst redaction of the text w as
pt\>1xihly itiibi daring hi* reign, although fim.i
tlio many archaism* it couUiiu, iltn origii.nl
text U 110 doubt much older, It ii apparently
the if« 1 /' a/ 7' ’pi'Ai quolnl by Hotnnng Hrt/ci.

Tho work of Bmnang flrtscit entitled <&'<itn«.i
nV *41 11 11 \ mi sir U mwv generally known
by the translation of Schmidt. Its author.
Ssannag.Sotvon Khungtoijl, was a
Mongol prince, who ws* born in lt»4, and com-
piled bn well known uliroitido in tho ytnr lihVj.
(rip. I?,V aufc) lu text 1 % of gicut tIMO for IV.
covering ilic cancel form of names sh liny
were eorronl arocug I ho Mongols.

Pallas also, in his work ontftlod Nambi sj^n
Ai^WscAir A’uefarAh* uM*r die AfbftyoliWAeii
YMvnAfi/tf n, (St. IWmhurgh, 17 7*1), has 1 x 1 -
latnd the traditional slcry of tlio origia oftlm
Mongol lmjnM .il ln>u*u fmm l ho I ahu w* wk culled
/iAoi(iiiii/, whirl I describra tUi origin of gods
end men, ami which, iwfei «i /•*.#, gives a gwumlugy
of Cliinghi* Khan («//», ell, 17). This practically
cxliausti tho material which is extant n Chiu*
ami among tho Mongols for the discosskut oftlm
origin of tl*» Imperial stork of Chtngliix Klinu.

Od turning <0 the Musalmu writir* wlto
liavo left Tin anch rnlusblo material* for tint
history of this dynasty, wr shall f.n«i that their
aocOantsofiD originco arodvrived almost entirely
fromthe troll known Jam 11 / Tmhlnkh of Rashid,
n'tbdm, who was tire main authority followed
by Abu'lghaik ns the latter hifwwl/telli on

Fail u'llah lUsbld.the ion of Ah(B*bkhtir.wn*
bom at HninoJan about the yrar 1247, ami vsn*
employed M n doctor in the SCrvloo of tin*
fhmoos Ilk him oflVraia U a t n 11 K h .*» n. who in
130Q put him nt the haul of the a hui nut ration
of IVrsin, with tlio stylo i>f vaxir. Thispost lie
continued to hold during the reign of Oaxan'a
successor U 1 j a i t u, to whom in 1309 ho pro.

Br*U:buctdcr, Nt<* cm */ XJt* luief OMyru/Ap, tit. i«r It. 15.

TICF. INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[Aihii. l»i.

waled Iik fnmaii* work. JVUcly Mowed of
larini; poitouril Uljuitn, bo w.v* pnilo diutlily
••rdrruTilir bllrrV Mioonaor Abu Snyyid on tlie
liilli nt' Sr|4i-iiilm> lUlK.*

Hi |i>IIh u» ill li« piofncc IWIIkn« existed in
lln- nrrhivc* (ir. of <1*6 Mongol Wvcivigu of
I'vnin ) liil orinil finjr iiiPiiUof iiiiiI'mjU<kI mi I lion,
in iijr wiitti ii in Mongol. Tli. -o lie Innl Ini'll
• nili'ixil In' < !n /.in *<i •••iIihiiU . n- will a* Uurnnl
Cliim.*, lullin', Ifigbura, Kipilwil", mol i.lbim
n lui liv«*l III III. cimrt, mid o.|*«inlly llio gi'nim-
liuinMi mill inlininiMmlori'f Clio kingdom, I’ulml
lilminmnif. "vrlioknonV lie MyH, "belter than
nny emo In llo world I In origin mid history of
ll.nTnrki.il Irilie*, nn.l c-|.ri>i»lly of llio Mnio
ti.li,"* Ktmnvlimi IlmMd »p<uli» of n Inn*
...Ik-1 ilm .If Am titfltf, or • Odilon HiniHlar,'
ulilih wn- ili'i'i.ilnl In llio linprrnl treasury
under ilin lUHlixly of Kii> ml nflli'iiil", nnd nliinU
Null

lie refciw In a-, containing a lii.lory of llio
Innisoof Cliinglir/ Khan.* Tlio Minn Ml> r , m
I bdievc, nan oitlur iitontiiul « ill. clw V «<.*-
cVnoyi-iir, or contained virlnnlly I bo nimu
ninlnriiila.

Tin nirvanl nml panegyrist of n roynl l.nasc,
fkiuouK for i<K xetil in ivligioiw milloni, il i» noi
mnngn |lnitKasliidu'd.dlii nbould have connive,
edit mill llii'pnlriiiiilm wlm lire eqnnllj promi.
in Hi in tin’ Mnl i bn Koran, nml have ilrrii ml
il frinii Null nml YuGmihI tlmi fiirilicr lu- should
liuvi fiiu ml n plui'ii fur I In 1 i'|«im'in>iu» rijin-
Binlalivt' ol lliu Mongol Murk in llio ■liung.ly
nrlidoinl md imviii»ii|ii!iil ellino«ni|i1ilc genii'*-
liv/l, 111 which, like Other ICistcrn liUloiUns, Ini
allll lute* together tlio vnriemi brandies of I bo
Ini man fmully known lo him. Il will suffleo
HU Co lilinlnt* «bo story a. given by Cbr.u
curiiins gonuulogi-K

T.irli

|

Kliutti 1

SuVUli Itu.

Ming

1

'r •»»«•*

1

Cl.ik.il

1

llnjwiijur

1

AmUU

or TnliiU

or Jitd.nl

or llatvujtir

Oiimnri Thrikh
r Kinuri

llrliA Kliin
Dilduikni ICIiin
Knvnk hi Kin «li Khfln
A liny* Kb In

I

Tiilnr Kbini Xliitlml Khln

Kmn Kliin r« Khln Kur. Kl.in Kiir KI..1.

or I'r Khfm or Kin Kbdn or Our Kh«n

I'll bur K Ini 11

Kun Kliim Ai Kbln Yoldu* Kbin KuU Kl.in T.iffli Kl.i.n Tonglii* Kliir

i-r. Son Kl.in i.r. Moon Kliin i«. 8i»r Khim iff. Sky Klin i>. Mountain Kl.in » lake Kbii

Kian Nn Vim

'li >,.. J/lrfvJiY it, UunftlA, ««l. I. p. iliii. » Id h> mi. »od «»«•*. * TJ. »- O 51 not* 3

Aron, 189ft.]

ciiiNomz khan and ms axckstohs

In I liin 111 bio 1 lisvo mainly followed I lit <|c-
itilcl lint Mglvcub/ A h j • I . K I u * i , relating only
tho ill no million of VnlJlK Kliin, Mingli Kliin,
mulTcnghi* Khun, whom lie plim-* in Hurociaiiu
altar A i Khun, mid which ilo nr< occur in other
mil l m Tiny Imvn lawn rhiirly intcrjuduliil bj
Inni, ii a I I wo of them ii.i'ii ly repent (no ■ miiictiof
hrollicm of Ai Khan. I ought lino In mid that
ilui li>i lum Iwcn rieoully ill mil luted at gtcul
length' and np|>arrnlly with n full belief in in
credibility, by Major llavurty.iullio V Vuar.nl/iivi
1/ the <'(. /YWlWjf Ciuiyrer* 1/ Oi-i-'./afiWr,
lull die whole inrlcarly ('.ImiIuk In ll wo liave
u eurimi* medley of itllillcird nml of ivnl iinmi*.
of n;m« i'|*itiyiuou* million*, mid of my I Ituha
gieol llgniinu. Tiny on ohwi'ly 11 1 *0 dirind
from Ibo legend* of I he Wculrvu TuiiiH. Kara
KI1&1, O^luia Khun, mid II Kliin mu famuli*
•mniia in Tnrhiali tmdiliuii. \V« nn< loll by
IliudiidiiM'dtn and Ilia followoia that tin. row
of princra lived in llm ITrtnuli moanlnina mul
• In Kiimknm aieppe, dial i> in 1 In old tend of llm
Wedim Turku, and il wan uuilmibl llnur vitty
of dm rnuidy IVr-Un lilalonan In Ural a
■ uiiuhly tligniQtnl muv-lry foe l,. Ihiio. nhich
onwln liim Imlc him lo llir U#. mlary liutimi of
Tirtkli l rail il ion.

I nix'd not any Unit (hoi* o»rly link* <11 llm
chin 11 iil'ii (MililX'ly ftl— ul li-nii lliu < hlim.i nml
Mongol iv»iuii*|i inn M' I In Sogu 11 1 "ill tin (ii'iginof
I ho Mous'd iiv 11I • It- I., nml uihy Ui ln\v |it"'lm* ol
no value wlrolcviT, 1 wvpl n« a proof of llm reli-
gion* loyally mid tliodiploinnlio .kill of Kiixhiil.
u'd-din. From Juphcl lo dm two I likfa Kioit
nml Noku* <vc inny ohcorfully rrarc dm whole
lint ol name* from our memory a* nllcrly ir-
relevant lu III* Mongol*, lkuliidu’d-dln trite
no liman tuo luul-iimncd pi'iicn* look refng»
willi llioir pimple in I ho retired tnllcy of Irgviio.
hon— where thrir dcueotidanl* remained for l*K)
yrara. Wo tire not lold who die prince* were
who reigned dining Ihi* inlcrvnl. mid after il*
cloan tiro .tory really brgim. again. Tho gup
.1 interesting a* showing how tlm fuluhnork
dory nn» built up. After the interval of 400
years jn*l mentioned tho Mongol* nn> *nid to
hare broken Ibo yoke of the Tartar*, nnd lo
hfiro iugnod from Iho dodleo oflrgcno-kmi under
□ chief named Uurlochino, ilcnce rnled from Kinn.
and of Iho rnco of U10 Kurulaa. liurlechino

• R^innmr 8 r|*'n, it. £*».

• S**mo 2 3 *U*n, p 317 *»<K* Cj tU; 8 :Un*ldl.

01

ami llny^u wliu succeed him in IlAJtMuM-iKtT*
nlory nix? wullknuivn iiuo In tin* muiv immitiw'
by ml in C hi mi ami MuiigoHn, inti hi

thorn w« » tul 1 1 > \»*rl |HXKctiily,

Wlulit KAsluiluM*iUii Unci’A tlu* Mviii^il KIiasi*

!•* tl.O Soiititicpstrinwli*, tto Moii'ol

olinjnicloi* in n niiuilnr ir.aumT tiuoc them to tto
MwdHlockol Tibet, mill (Urolith it to IKinlmUn
li> thumioreU founder of tU«ii faith AlUynmum
liiniHilT. In thin tho rfl/hni Tvpthi, 8«min^
S» l/^n, fttul tlm Kaluuk h’gwul n* iv|M>rti'ii hy
IVilliMU^Trc, nml tiny nil name llm ludinritotr*
iv yn, Ola iia I V^llVih 11 , it>* llm n» ni futlii v
lilt Ilf rm*. 'flu* two funner mUliOfllK’* iltuluca
thi Tihi ijin iN»val Mock I'min thlMilitof, i u»4 tiv<
it thtongh u vimmI ioliH lo I >i^ilili-lhiu»Ui
llalii Kuhia Arn A llmi HhiritghcU, wlm hill
(Imx^iim.Siva^lKioliis Ilanclm, *ml IlnrlcvliUio
Woftiv tub) that llieir fMlicr ImriiiK b:»on killi'it
ly llU mhiUtor Um^uain. wl*o iiv«i*|kiI Iho
thrones tlu» three brotlkfru If tl t tlm Ihut in tint
limlof XD%ii|lto. the uvuuil to tlui oUlulm
I iui«l Ibo ilirJ lu

Tint *lory o(t1iitiiMir|mtion UingnAmi* (oM
in tin* iiftllvo TihrUu ImdV;*, wlmrtre it In* hern
ul*trac4t»d by SohmlOt.* .In Ibo orijfliHil ^lory
1 llm tbroo hnithiT* nm lulled .la tlil, Nio*tki nml
Sha./a thi. Wi, wh Hi in nrltlm ^ , 6 ri % titonn*
lliriHir.aitil mlhu ilirnnum of nil tlie nuly I'ibitltn
l|ng<a /i mSna linl or fuol, VVn iim'iiiiw IUIi
•ml Sifbu\ intuit* tho ll«li»i*ftli'r. Tlm two
ftirmcr urv tlimUrin moftninx lo !jiviij;1n>rhi tvu\
Hu root i ii, nli irli rcKjMVliroly muna thufowlrr nnJ
Ibo iNhoiman. WliiloilietWnlbiotlicr.tlK llwli-
tdU'(. li9mU»oii iit^cnionkly idutiitOotl tv lib I3ur*
tfo 1 iiin\iiimimMiN I nlull nIiuw |»Pf»A »lly,iac«ii«
ii^ Ilo ‘ hliio-^ny wall'/ avmmlly u roiy Ijpi
nil llcnh-rilrr. An Kliprotb, to whom wu uue
tlio tlinioction cHboitoiy, hn orgupJ, it in elm r
tliiit on the oonvemimi of the Mon^ih to Hint-
Ubium in the Ii>th fentory, the him** natirnlh
tleiiml to connect Uic irxxtjwl nice with Ikddlm
lum.wlf, tindfonml in UitplAUkihlorenctubliincriu
i nunninp of the two iiiine* Sl»n xu nnd ilurtc*
cliino n link by which to Uicljp ovir tlm in-
coigmoun Vmmgi’ tboy desired « prM iw
c^tnhliih. I ncc*l not «iy llmt toono of t hie pirt
of the More, any moro tlian the #ai‘lfer p%rt of
IbuhiJa'ii-ilIn'fl table, occurs eitliorin the Tnon-
cVitoyu-fK or in tho Chinese minnl*. which
15; Kli^ndti 7«WfSHr UUtvri fifj iff *

p tlA DUt¥.

TItE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[Ann, 1&6".

M

jiivucrrc for ni iho rorliwl edition ol' live Sign,
iiml tlmi w© must dibcii'l it nil aa an inviuilion
uHlio l.uu.v, in lliu l*Jlh century.

lim ing got lid of the secretion* which the old
tradition mooirml at the Imnda of thu Mulnun-
naiUm of IVikin nnd llni Tilwbllt Wnn», let n«
Jiow nppronch tlio ddor edit ion of it.

The aiitlviritii -. old nnd young, cwtfcrn and
wtwlcfu, ilgnii in drilnving lln Mongol Imperial
•(oiik front II i| r I o c h i i o. Kir*f, tut to tlio el J-
n.dogy of 1 I 1 U nnnitf. 1%'hk in Mongol tnenna
n * wolf, ' AajWo ikuiui tlio blavalngivj colour
which thu fur of nt»r>y •tiinniU *ci|iilrca on the
npimwch of \rin lor.' So tlut f/o.fivftiili liman*
merely tin* Wuc-grvy, m* winicM'oatcd ndfund
wo find Ihnl in 1 1 ,o ViiM-cl’no^ii-rAi tin anctwtor
iifilicIm|)orUI Ikinily ia.tniply culled a Woe wolf.
Thiagivy blue ookmi in equivalent to Unit ofllio
ahy. and nirnni In Iwt (VI. .t.al. Hence «o Had
I Ue nynl mouofllii' Mongol* u. known lit that ©f
I ho llirjigi, i.o. the grey or lilni.gmy r/«l, fhmi
li.ru, groy or gccy-blue/ live ivli-Uvl Junng wU
v iiitod Alun (ioa, u I ■hall mention pn-cntly,
haring had cyw nf thin clour. Again Saanang
Nt/in till* n. Olilnghii Khan g.»o In* jwopln
He nnmo of Kd.> l/ u;yd. i. r. Blue Mongol.,"
mid Uuo wn. llni Imprivd colour of (ho Yuan
dyM-ly." In nil tliono caica it no dould rtfeva
In Ilia heavenly or aupeniutural origin of thu
IHinily " Ih*o membera are no often apneiroplnsctl
l«y Snnnnng Sctnrn *» llw »on* of Iho Trngri nr
of IlMvcn Iwt n. I»iv» roiiliniio nor itory.
lluHiohlnoi wo uni told, married floa Mural "
'f.’mt mtwiia white or .liming, and i« UW.1 a. a
(wraonal name, mid girfll lo noldn Indira ; mum/
iii.nn. ii hind " The blue wolf llicroforo mar-
rinl n a liito hind. In an nliridgnirnt of Chineao
hi. lory wrillrn by Yuan lenofnn, nnd qnolml hy
Vimhlou" Iho wolf u amd to hlto Iwon white
mid tlio hind gl* y Together they roamed arrow
iho Tenglii* the lute or w»), and having
i« uch»l tlx .oiiiv. of live river Onnn in the
mountain Itiirlhnn, they Imd « mn, wlvo wn»
..ilk'il Ucdrten K linn. 'I hi. i. tlw> ntory ns
told iu the Y<Mu*e&’«inj>i->A>, in n Chinese work
« iUd by Klaproth," nnd in a Chine.© dictionary
entitled llVvy-ei'iiy-rmiy-pu, in which Inst how-

' KtipMtl. ,t.i. fVltjjlM'j. p !<>.

• StiniMl. Swiiiai <t 1*. 37i nt<i* I.

• i*. ui'if i*.

• •y.cif. M*. 71. mu J nm t!,

n XlifCA.tV, Au l |>. SiM.

*■ S MUfclU |*. 7T.

cv#r tlio Hue nclflhai lx<u coovertrd by iwinic
nitionalixcr of tlio Irgcml into ft man of ffrvul
wxo nnd * htno colour, nnd Umi white bind ini *
u miMiuWo Aft d dewrted woman t 1 * fcmiung
Sctllcn bin Niipliisticuted the ilOIJT hiiHmi*
fA»liii>ii; lie low CtK) vert Oil I bo river Onou into
bike lluiktbl, anil be ttdtU * parugrnph to glorify
hii jnvitc^i tbe Lmhau. lie bft) h (bat oil orriv-
ing M tbu niountftin Jlurllmn, llaKocliino lived
fur a wliilo uitli tbu |Kx)ple iWe wlio dwell
fberv. Win n tbe) I vl inlcrin^nt^l him on tin.
iiifU Vi n of Ida journey, and ili.^woivd dint ho
»w dcocrmliHl from tbe Indinn Olann Ur^uk*
dukaeii iw well na from tlio TiboUn Till I’Imhi,
tliey ibietiHbcd mnttoro togefbur, nnd mid —
“ ibitf jmmg uM in of high birth, nnd wo l*t o
no ono to ruU oror nt, lot mi utuko him our
cbief M Thrniupon Ihoy mndo liim tln'ir loader,
iiml foUmvod nil hit com round* Hu Imd two
»iu HWftn Kliin nnd KMn. ,r

Tbu niMiintnm Ilurkhan, tlu) llurkbni) Kbit!-
dumt of fuming Hrtxuu. tbu nncntd iivmintnin
rlkAiii of I be MongiiU, in tbe fnuwMH Kontci Kb hi
fun go, nburu the Omni tnUm if* riu». which i*
culloj Hurhlmn nln in tlio CUlumi a«mgt*n|iliionl
worlt imvulAtcU by Kyncintlic nnd Klnpixdli ^
Time Cliinglii* wn* buried. //nr^Anu in .Mon
IP linn nientu ’diviut*, nod lluddlm nooordmg Co
Dr llretfiohnauUriiiknownnimmgebo Mongol* it
Aikyniiiunl Ihirkbnn An wo linro noon Hiaimng
Sotr.ru eulU tho iuhnbitnnt* of iho Hurkhnn
KUldnnn rnoimtninn tho Bodo poofito. Tin
.Ufa h Vs>i*chi cmlln thin country the land of
/.ml, which i« peiluip* n corruption nf llcdt
Now lb.MibHi' or HuUolii, fux> listing to Pul l.ol in*,
iitdcrivntivool'lkdif or Uuta( Tii f^-rAV'./o.^.i
note 7). Thu niimo w in fnci nu oponyniuti*
one. cwuUhI out of the mcc nnui<«l llcdc
Thin nnmo Hndu gnto rino to n fierco polcmii
between Klaproth and Schmidt. I holiuvo with
Itom M*i4 1 tbut it i« mcroly i\ corruption of tin*
Chincn* •• lV4/ f M northern InrUirinn*. In the
Tibetan work nnn^l Xom VbfirM 7Mt ilk
TWJ. tho Turk inti tnbr^ known ns Ifur-pntn tlio
Tibetans urc cmIIli] Badii lfor. 1 * Again, vw- nn
tobl by Knhnmin, who i* filoubtloN quoting
ItiKbiduM dm, that after tho dipt u tv of Ytuighi-

•* Mimidt. op. (if. p 37* •*>«•*

•• IMf.OneM p. m

u 74HMH# kt*o"iur,./ 4 VAr.v, y. VO.

** J ■ • / p. wa »• «-*«. |I

'• TliiknfwV.% Twr/. wsl. 1!.. y WO
Jv'tiiui'lt . fVfckit«0ft, &o., y. ii

Aran, 1PM.]

CHIKOIIIZ KHAN AND HIS ANCESTORS.

03

kcnt-ling Juchi in 1218 the Ulus Bede retorted
Iwmui* to it> Iwuil.quartm at Ivankorom, and
wa* replaced by 1 O.OJU TorkonvMiB. Erdmann.* 1
IVOliamn," ami Vim Hummer all atote the
*nrao fact nf tho' Uigliara. Tlii* |ii*iiit» to
ITjgliur niul Il«le being aynonymim* term*,
n view which is aStvnglhrnril whra wo iml iho
Turk" of northern Tibet called Sham Uighor
Iiy >S*anung 8«l»m Now it in very vitro*
ordinary that the neighbourhood of the Kontei
mountains wan iho original heiuelnnd of Iho US*
ghnra, from whichtlioy in fuel sprang. Tho mean*
mg of the ulory then in— that Bartcoklno became
tlir ruler of tho TurkUh Inbo of tlm t'ighum,
■mil tho inftmneo i* <1 priori a rraaanobU) one,
t hat the legend belonged originally to tlicTurk.,
and not to tho Mongol*. On inquiimg further
thin in amply onnliruiol. Tho itorj of tlio wolf in
in fool • Turk lih story. WoarobildtiftlioU'iuii,
■ TtirkUh trilio, who were probably tlio unuo.tots
of tho Tuli hi or Turk- proper, tUt Iho Uiong-na
having attacked thnm, and killed thetr cliH’.liio
win win, like Itiinmluii, mlmculouJy (end. d by
n alio* wolf who iii'klnt him, and by ■ hint
which brought him food. Thu ruhr of tho
Hiong-nn hating heard of thia mliucdo doomed
tho child to ho divlnci, undertook hi* o.luoulkm,
iiml rrvntuiilly gave him tin command of hi*
wootoin ilamliimua." But it Mintin' Irgcmlnry
hlntury of ilia Tuklii or Turk* proper that wi
moot with tho rani parallel to our atory In ow»
vunioa of llilo wo and tint tlwi nnoeatora of tho
Tukili lived on tliu weotrm bolder* of tho Si-hini
or Wootorn lake. There they were duttnjod hy
u neighbouring nation, "ho killed them all with-
out diatinction, oxoeptn Ixiy of Imi yoaro old, on
whom tho enemy had a certain eonipiudun, und
epnrad hi* life although they ent off hi* liunda
and fool. He now dragged liimaolf to a great
inareli, whoic he nmuinod omcruU'd. There ho
waa teudod hy a alto- wolf who orrutually Ixratno
pivgmiit hy him. Ax the enemy still aought to
ilntroy the young man, tho she- wolf, who wa*
hersolf carried oil by a spirit, took him with her,
and transported him to tlio cant of the Si-had.
She stopped with him on a mountain to tho
north. m-t of tho kingdom of Kuoobang, f.«. of
ll «0 Uighara of Uishbalig, where they found n
rnvern opening upon a retired valley mure UiM)
" fawatirAiTd^ t>Ww*iHnte>«. |u J7J-1
•• HiUotr* it" Hour*, vol. I. ik 2i4.

•• Do Quips*. veL II |. M.

210 li in circumference. Three tho die-wolf
bore ten male yoang-oaca, who eventually mar*
tied, and each one took n different family name.
A-so-iin, who waa the cleverest waa eltcnon uh
their king, and lie ordered that ibo heads of hi*
klnnilual* should la> dia|«*l like tho IkwiIh ilf
wolves, to *luw that lie did not ignore Kin

origin.**

Another legund repDid* that dm Turk* sprang
from the ooantry uf Ho, situated to tlio north of
the country of the I ( iontf *nu . Tlicir chief imtnnl
Khn-psim-pu Ua<l tixlHfk I in 4h« i'i, OOO nf whivm
hum oolkti bchi.iibnlmal.tii. ICo l«u<l u tln»-
wulf for a mailtor. Hi* biolhwi wrro nil wmk
anti without »|mit. lb.onthewmtiniy.wmu vovy
Itrosiff. aid couhl control Iho wind nnd nt.it.
Ho iimiixtil tno wiven, un« tlio nilcr ol nuiumur
nnd Iho other of winter, hy rocli of whom ho
had two mum. Tho ohlcit of thro* ion* w*w
a*lh«l NVtn-lo till. Hi* (Mlttr’i milij«utw
urn lo him Wntf, nnd ni tho *iuu» time adopted
Iho unmet ol T»»- lit or Turk* llo ru*mo«l ten
wives wIimomiiH look tlio fluidly nunc* of their
nx'dit rt A-«(*-»n wuAOttoof iIk*o naroo* 1 *
S<wtt or .I.et iMi it the oqulvulMit of t&ino, onrl
mean! wolf.

In iht«o TorkUh logavaU wo Mwrcdly hnro
tho origin of Iho Mongol Hi^n. In U.tli wo
hnvit * wolf fur the omnium nnemfor, in IniIIi
It II vim nror a -ahI lake which It. ntiMoo. In
Ihjlh It itoco to tlw> Hii« 1 or Norlhdktt Oil hnv
luff it.** In both it Itochotf a mountain, and
then brinffi forth ofYlprin^.

A^oin, tbo derivation of tlio utem-Cuthor of
the rati* from the &i*hai or Western Inko, tho
Tm^d* of the Vvnii «a«ctlyn<?fvihU

with wind w» know of tho origimtl hoim luudol
tlioTuika proper, nnmoly.theivuidry round lnko
bad. ul. RaAliida'd^dtu ami hi* follower*
drocrlbo tlio rmllcy in which ihv wolf uKtltnl nn
named Ir^voe-kun. Thia noowxliiig to Abu'l-
IfWai nyatMi n almrp.prnkctl girtlki of moanUlnw
(^' f«f. p 2W), • dcucriplion which nppliot ml-
miinWy to the actual cmdlodimd \A the Turkw.
namely, thomonntainprdlpil and secladeil vulh y
of iMikul, which <li«trict vrtm ntill known in
tlio IStli century n* Orvanmn. nnd in referred t»»
under tl«a imino by Uahruipii*. I nmy add
that tlio mitgo of liilln ir<*t of tho Volga run-

11 Vndckas PN It. 02; Klanr-tK it. 1-1

•*r t* Hr, pp. 211. •' VWdcW on ol. p. M.

a ‘ Soj Abel RoauAi', Xk+»J*u,h. A*'u if. tc«. IX- n>.

T1IE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[At' OIL, IBS

IM

nlng from Sarepta lo tbo Mauytacb arc colled I Wo
I rgeuo hills by the Kolmuka. Uady.lhe vve.uni
tvritcn nrnko Dortochino belong lo the tribo of
the K uni loa collud by tbo Mongol. Khorlnt (id,
:M>, which, a* I .hall ahow fnrlhor on, »»> o
Turki.h tribe Aloll point., therefore, tho fegetid
pi'ova* itself to be Turkish. Hnrtichiuo and Go®
Mtml, the Wlno-givy noIfnnJ while hind n» wo
Iiiivo mid, hod ii m Ik'iK'l..'- Kmnung Hetum
gives tho Utter a lirothur IhVlw, who u not
known to any of tlto other wntoin, aud who U
no doubt an Interpolation of hie own. B*MM
wim buccooiIoI by hi» .on T.mauak, or, os tho
western writer, glvo hi. name, Tinaj (Abu'l-
glum, p. 03). Ho had a am KhoriUar Morgen,
the Kiihi Morgen of the wo.tern writere (id.

(13). lUUiiilu'd.d'n make, him the el.kot of
live -on. of Timnj, tho other four bWnf the
onu-tor. of tho tribe DurUtn— of whioh more
proeoitlly— ill which I* diffur.fr.im tbo more oaal.
era writer., a. wo ilinll mo pture.itly. Klorit-
-r wiu .uooooiled by hi. mi Agbojim llngl.orul,
the Koehum Baghrul of lUahi.lu'd dhi (».).

I lw.ro adopted tho orthography of tlmiu
iiiiimw given by Htanang SeUrn, which I. sub-
stantially the wmiiu a. that given in tbo I'nttt-
r*'#|.|«V»Ai nnd tho Altai '\j~ii, a. I prefer to
lake fiolunklt'. diroot linnaUiaratioa of tlm
Mongol word, to ono uknn at .ooond.haad
through tbo medium of Roman fetters

Aghojiro Bughnrul ..» .uuoooded by hi. ton
Nidi Khaljiglto, who i. notnnmlkmml by Rashid-
u'.l din nor in the ifmUi.kir (rife m/rs). Wo
may remark tlut ono of tho Mongol tribo. named
)>y S. lining SeUon in the 15tb century wa.
. ailed Khaligbocliia(-y cil. pp. 1 7i, 101 and MV).
Thi.faot, and thn ouinsionof tho nnmo from two
mdiponifeat lute. look, .u«pio.ou«ly liko an
mtei'|Kilaliou for tho purpoio of lUtienug mime
tribo or tmnily. ball Khaljigho w.s.u.'cood-
i‘il by Yeko Nidun, i. o. Urn largo-oyed, so
calk'd both in tin- l'it.m-<'Vi*“p.-tAiai»d the AMm.

and by Itiuhidu'd-dln, whilu Ssanang
H«ucnlmsoorn»pUd it into N ige N idlln, tho coo-
eyed. Ilashidn'd-dia makes him tho non of
Kiehi Dughunil. Ho had a eon Samwji, and bo
had « son Khali Kharcho, who ia ignored in
the AUan TopeiVi, hut is named by tbe author of
the Yaun-rVao-jn-Miby SotnangRetien and by
RnshidiTd-dm. The last author tell. n. thorn
prince* lived on the r iver s Qnoi, K cr nlon and
•• ■- lii.n '. rcW> In', do ttowicAHUfrtiete, p. Mi.

Tugnli and on the monnUin. Burghad (i.e. Bnr-
klian) and Reran (r)"

Ho for tho lieu virtually agreo. hut at thin
point tJiero i« a marked divorgonco. Rashid
a 'd-d In make* Duban lUyon tin non aad .ooce.-
sor of Khali Kharchii, while tho Ysau-eAV-jw-
*Jii, tbo AI/.in Topehi nnd Smnaxig S*»liin inter-
polalu two name botnoon them. That thuwi
name* aro interpolations socom probablo. Ac-
cording to the author. liwt naoied Khali Kluu
elm wa. wirewlid by hi. mi BorjigoUi Mer-
gou. Thi. name lw». bean created out off.... -
jiyhin, (. «. tho Wuo-oyod, ii term npjdicd to tin*
Mongol Imperial family, nnd derived ap|«rently
from tho .lory of Ainu Goa, to bo roferred to
pir muitly. Tbi. Borjigolci U .aid to liar.,
marriod Mongholjin Ooa, a name a. artificially
created out of the namn Mongol, and whioh in
ignored by the Allan Tisp-M. Threw two hail a
■onTorghaIJin Ikiyan, which wa»p*>r»iap.ure«trel
in a .iiuilar way out of tho iiameTuruk or Turk.
Ho had for In. wife Uorok.hin GtM, whioh aooma
uIko compounded of tbo particle Wo, moaning
Wiiu. grey already referred lo, The lout named
|«ir aro .aid in tho Yaun oA'ac-p.'-rA.’ to Ivavo
I iid two bone named Tuir aud Boro, aud a
domoitio named Borolilai. Thoy aUo bad two
Ml., namely, Dim Rob lior and Dol.o Morgen.

Thi# Hobo Morgen i. the mime person n» tin.
Dublin Ikiyan of Raahidu'd-din. Aa I liavr
wod, Ratliidu'd-dln ignore, the name, inverted
by .coo authorities between Khali Kharehu
aud Duban Ifeyan. In thi. ho is sup|*>flod liy a
very independent authority, namely, tho Bud-
dhist book oiled under the name of «, ..Minor by
Palfes. 'll" list of niimi'" givun in that work
undur a oorropt orthography may l*> prodtably
o inpaivd with tlicae wo lure discussed. It io
a* follow.

Burndachi (i. « Horteohino).

Ilerchon (i. .. UddJta*).

Tnmnnn (tf. r. Tamatmk).

Kakta Mt.rg.il (<- e. Khorit*nr Morgen).

Aim Bomgo) (i. e. Aghc*jmi Bughuiul).

Kke Dagun (i. «. Yoke Nidnn).

Hai Sui\ji (>’ e. Ram Suji).

Tcbiu (f. r. Klmrehu).

Dorbon /.nrgan(i. o Dobo Morgan)"
Here we have tbo list as given by llashid-
u'd-din confirmed in two re^>eota ; lirat, by tho
omission of Sali Khal jiglto between Yckc
~*i IVilit op at. ret. J- p. 17

Ann. 1880 .]

CHINGHIZ KIIAN AND HIS ANCESTORS.

IK.

Xidou anil Sam Suji, ami tlren by tho exclusion
of Iho names wo aro now discussing imroudiotely
before Dobo Merged. Tltia inereasca onr faith
greatly in the aocuracy of Rashid, who wiui a
singularly critical historian. Ho hnd the A/tou
ll,i/Ur or ' Gulden Register' boforo him and
was besides assisted, u» ho toll* ns, by Pulud
Ching-nang, a Mongol piineo well versed in the
traditions of hi* house. Ho is not likely to have
excluded theea nam<». especially the Inter ones
with tlrelr peculiar colouring, the first of the
line after Burtechiuo, whose wives are mentioned,
if tlrey had oocurred in the doouiuonts bofors
him, while their artificial and eridnntly mado-
up diameter alto points to soma ingenious
pedigree-maker, 1 hnvo no ilonlit that originally
tho list at this point stood very much ns Rashid*
n'd-dln gives it, and we shall presently niMitioa
afoot which makes this almost certain Ao-
cording lo the Tun-cVce-pf-sM Don Bokhar had
four tons, who nil lirrd together. On thoir
father's death they behaved had Iv . sefovated from
I Kilo Mrrgen, and formed the family Durban
(». n. the four). Hsnuang 8ot*vn boldly loll* us
tlunr uaaios wore Honoi, Dokshin, Kernel and
ICrko, and that they were tho anrvslon of the
lour U i rail tribes Ofbaltd, llagliatod, Kboilniul
Kergud, who in hi* day wers known as " the
Hoar" in contrast with tho Mongols, who wore
known as "llio Forty " lUHhMnM*dln,an no have
seen, derives llio DurUms from four sons of Ti*
inaj. As I aliall shew further on Iho Du r bans,
who wore contem|Kirsry with Chinghis, were
probably tho four tribes of Tartan and not the
four Uirads. Dol» Mrrgen married Alan Goa,
It wot from A 1 u n G oa that tho Mongol Khin*
traced their dsseonl, not from him. Hr and his
ancoMor* hove nothing whatever to do, in fuel,
with them, beyond his having in the legend
married tlioir progerotrig. Who then were these
Itgumlaiy chiefs f This was wry iogooioatly
eiplaiued by Schmidt- Dobo ia in foot no otlor
than Topo Khin, the famous ruler of the Turks
who died ia 581. Dc* 8okhor ia tho equivalent
i>f Bekin, Tape's brutlrer, who was also railed
Moko Khun, sod tho division of tho tribes
among the sons of Doa Sokhor answoiu to the
division of tho Turk* into four division* on tho
death of Topo Khin (Ssnnong SeUca, p. U74).
I may odd »» a remarkable ooufirination of this

'• Wolff, Oouh dtr Ilona., p. IS, ootv.

•• trlm.au. op lit p t.4l

view of SchimJt, and us a proof of tho camot-
nfesnf the fable as given by Hasliidu'd-dln, that
the iiumoliate predecessor of Sckin and To|kj
K lein as ruler of the Turku woe Kola, otherwise
milk* I Moke Kliln, who assuredly unsworn to
the Khali Kharohu of tlio abovo lists. Tins
comploU* tho proof tliat the earlier part of tlu.
genealogy of tho Mongol Khini, us preserved
in its pnmitivo form, lua been ailoptod fnmi
r lie Turks. Here, however, the adoption is more
or Idm legitimate, for, as we shall show presently,
there is every reason to believe that the Mongol
Imperial house was in fact ikaecmkd from the
old Torkish Kilns.

Wo will non complete the Saga of Dolsi M.i
gen. The l'iw..rfi’ut.-j/i-«Ai tells un that Duo
Soklmr, while ho was one day on Ihe Mountain
llurkhai, saw a number of people nomadising
along tire river Tilaggell, tire Tnguli of Rashid,
a'd-dlu {this Wolff identifies with Hie river .till
Cldksl Tungglu, which spring* on the western
side of the lliirklmn Mountains, uiid fulls into
tire KiiruUol,” hut as I shall shew further an it
i- probable Dial the Ingoda Is really iiioant)
Among the ixst ho notsecd a black *.4s7Auo»
te nt oil a waggon, <m the driver's seal of whieh
was a pretty girl, and he said I must occuro Imt
for my brother. This was Ihe nmiden Ainu
Go ii. wlrem Doha Meigitn married, and hy
whom bo hnd two mns, llelgutol and llpgontri,
called Uulgnyut and Uugaact by UasliiduM-
din.”

Dobo died, according to Aba'hghaii, when 1.
was #0, oimi of his sons being sovtm, arul the
other six jrars old."

It was after Ills death that A I u n 0 o a gave
birth to three sons, whoso father win n spirit, one
of wliom was the nnccstor of Chinghis Khan.
So that, as wo have suiJ. Dobo and Iris ancestors
have nothing to do directly with Iho lineage of
lire grxvit conqueror, and it is remarkable tliat
in tho chapter of tbo Vimi.-.Ai or 'Official
Annals' of Iho Mongol dynasty, which bos been
examined for rao by my friond Mr. Douglas,
the dynasty is not Imoed beyond A I u n G o ii.
and the earlirw names aro loft out. XI. D'Ohsstm,
in his well known history or the Mongols, In-
nlw: excluded ihem.uml lus similarly cominenoi-.l
his story with tire same anctatn*s.

(To Ire ovuiewsnf.)

“ Of « it- p 44.

Till! INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[Amu, 1B0".

or.

SANSKRIT AND OLD-CAN A RESE INSCRIPTIONS.
BY J. P. PLENT. ( lto C.8. M.B.A.8,
iI'mIoumJ Jio., II. 761

No. I.XV,

I mi do tho village of Aiho|c. in (lie compound
nl tlic ll-fka of Huebelnyyn, tlir re M an old
mid partially rniuod tempi*, of Urn gi«l iivnm,
«>i>i. of tho oolnniii* of which hnara nn Old*
Caiwuv-ieiiiwripnoii, It Oon>«fa of Iwentydlro
line* of about liltccn lot turn each. Tim greater
part of fl.iit iMcriplion i* now umlcviphcrntilo.
Hut cni»ugh iu legible to (tiew that tho preamble
n lVm it-nlf t<i tl.i reign of llio Woutrm CL A*
| k y a kingTraiUkjamalln nrSfiin.V

* v a ra I., and that it la dated In Saku tM’». tie*
I'lnvamgu riMm/eura, on Sunday' tlw neoond

• luy * of III" bright fortnight of UlO month
MArgaiira or MArgntlndm.

No. I, XVI.

Oil a column in another rallied f.mplo in llie
compound of Ibo iiiiih. Mttflm Hone i> anoiltar
OLl.C'nimiuw InKuipticm, oonalaltag of nlnidten
line* of about Ion Irttera ruelt. Thla, nguin, la
<"r the moat pari undwlpbiwuble. Ilut enoagh
i- legible to uhen I hut, though if doc- nut refer
llwlf to llio reign of any pnrtlctilor king, till*
in.rriplioii, ngnlli, U dnl.. I In S.iU IW'.t, tin
I’luvntiign wiatiwfmnvi, on Wnlarailaj' the
■event h day of tho bright fortnight of tho nmotli
KirUika.

No. LX VII.

Tim re iu a bo nn OhLCanaroic inarriptlon
at tlm temple of llio god IMinnliiign, m Surrey
No. “A on lira anuth of lire village. A |urlial
.vipy of it ia given in lire Elliot iltf. f’of/wfi'r.-,
Vol 1,. p. Ml. Without referring ilarlf to the
reign of nny particular king. It ia datol at I lie
■ into of Ibo uuii'u tvimrnrni’iiig Ido progTPM to
the north on Sunday', the eleventh day of tlm
height fortnight of the month l'uali.va or Ibo
'n* analiwfer.vr, wliiull UJ. I In (urutictli
Jon of tlm U li 1 1 n k y n Vikranin-Varabu, f.o*
Sokii loir (*i. 10 lNi.ll). I Inul no lemure to
rnmino thi* iuscri Jrtion when I uauat Aihu|e.

No. LX VIII,

On a atonn mmen huro in the wall, of the fort
lliero ia utid to ho an OM-Catmrom iiucriptiun,
which, nitliout inferring itaelf to Uie reign of
any jK.M«uhir king, ia dated in Suka 101ft, t),e
I uvara .iiiiir.i.'iirro, at the lime of un ccijpw of

1 Aid... Ira. • Bull}. i h, drill,*.

* tlu.lUilra. • Ailivlra.

the aun when the «in win eommenoing hi" pro*
grcuu to the north on Saiulay* the fourth ilay of
the bright fortnight of the month Pnultyn. Tlii»
imeription, however, waa ao( fortlteoming nl
Iho time of my viait to tho village.

No. MUX.

Jn»l oniaide the niutli-ivoat gate oftlio village
them ia u ui'klf-vii ulirllie of tile giul lluiiimuintli.
with a »<one ifAu^i-.lmutAa atumling in limit
of it. Into tho podestul of llliu dWj.(.»/«.wU.r
•hero l«u U*n Imilt n I’lnayiW or monumental
I Mono, with an OM*Canarnae inaoription on it,
ef which a copy ia given in tlm Elliot US.
OuUuiiiM, Vol. I., p. 410. Tho upper orwnpnrt*
men! of tho atono ia now hidden from view
Hut three lino* of writing are viaiblo. iveordmg
tho ilnte of Monday* the eleventh day of tho
b’utht fortnight of llio mouth SrAvn(in of the
Viului amfii nf.aiw, which »u» tlm twenly-aialh
year of tlm (J h A | n k y a Vikrama.KHa.
f*»ku 1023 . (a.P. 1101*2) Tho nut compart-
ment of Hu atonn ha* n figure of tho g«l .l|n/>it>
dm. uiltlng eivnwhgged, with on inch aide of
hill! a YafoKt funning him with n chauri, Thu
r 4 of thu alone i* ikiw liiddmi from viaw | hut
it reoonla a grant by tho fivc-hindrol .VuM*
jn««« of A y J A vo | o.

No. LXX.

Them ia another rained temple of the god
i A vara in wliat iu known na the rout'lyanl of the
rtre«r«™.' nr ' pnlnee,* iu Survey No, Mil, not I'm
1111111 the lliiihumylonl Cure. One of the pilLm
now lying in the wnpffu/ui id tliia temple
haa on it un Old-CunaroM in-eviption conu-t*
ing of t wonty-auvon lino* of about t ml vo letter"
taeli. A tmtu«-ri|<ton i* given in the Elliot
,1/ S. Coilltlion, Vol. I ,p (HO. Hut only enough U
legible with certainty to »how that it iu dnf««i| nt
tbeliiuoofa »iifl/.e.«ouoon Friday’ the twellHi
day ortho bright fortnight of the month Sravnna
of tlm Nu hi *iul«v«/.,i,u, which rrau tho -illy*
fi rat year of the Ch A | n k y a Vlkinmn-Vuruha.
u SnU loss (A.n 1 iac-7)

No. LXXl.

Iniide tiio villago, in a temple of tho g.uldou-

Ivii.t-.iin v ... Kontev,.* wliii h In. iiee:i ,\|.|H i*

* Ad 4 j..<«. • SOnuvfm.

' Sutnirtn. • K II lilt Ui. wif. oi PiO'tn.

Amii, 1880.)

SANSKRIT AND OLD CANABKSK INSCRIPTIONS.

OT

|winlril u» a hotine by the I'Jjdri, tlwro ia a
black-alone tablet with an Olil-Canarvee in-crip,
lam on it, of which a partial troiueriptioa ii
given in the Elliot MS. CUrtiM, Vol. II-.
|i. ‘i-l'J. 1 have pnbhthr J it id tho Juur. Bo.
lb. It. At. Sot., Vol. XL, p. 274 1 but my
version there wiw Hi"" 1 from the photograph’,
which, from tho lettcra having been imperfectly
tilled in with whitewash, nprownUlbo original
but indifferently. I now giro u revi.ed voraion
from tho original ituolf

Tho table', ia 4' ST high, by 1' 10f broad.
Tho lollora are wall-formed, hut mtber ohulhm.
Tho emblem* at tho lop of tho Mono are In tho
centre, a standing flgnro of a four-nnuol Rod, or
pm-hapa goddam, with a worahippur kneeling at

ila light foot ; on the proper right, a male and a
female figure, kneeling and fueixg to tho front,
with the Hen, partially effaced, abate them ; and
on tlie proper loft, a curved aironl ur dagger,
with a cow and calf beyond it, and the moon
in tho apace aborc.

It ia a S i n d a ineaiption of tlie time of tho
MoltdmtfalHvora Chkmopija or Chi-
vugij* II. »“d hie aono, Bijjala and
V i It r a in u, — by hie wennd wife, 8irlyA-
dir I,— who were governing tho K i a n k 4 d
Seventy, tho lUgadngo Seventy, and tho
Ku|a»ni|i Thwwluiidrwl. And it io dau-l
in thu Virodhi »niivif»*iw, which «u the ninety-
fourth year of tho ChAlukya Vikranm-
Vuraha. i. o. Sake lOftl (a n. llOO-JO).

TraotwIptUm.

| 1 ] NameaMinhgn-ilrn4-«ibii«Hh|.chnihdre-chiiniuta-oh»mv4 IrniKikyn-iiBgar-lrathbU-mflla-
■Uihbhfb

l •] ya fioihbhav* || Sraati Arlmad-viiintnanmnit Imam.makBln.nikBtn.vinto.gtbhaatl-nya.
| *| it-niligbri-pii lat-Umh aa(4a)»tam imiVdnht dluritrtyinmn-a|th»]b«lhlynt l in[lb , l |
[ * 1 Vri(rji) || Udlt-Mldi 8rl-uWA»aih 4amga S nU-kHliliri(bliti}dll(d)-rfijiUi(Uiih) nftlaa
riitn-fdiliyuiUyu-kaln'traai

[ * ) Mukiiida priyn Liynna-tntaib kftrinnia pllllua.nekr-foinmdamAiaihg-A|i.kA|t ehnli(n.

| • ] JaM.nr4ophMa-kall%-mA|*.imda.tmdy oihbhabph.v.4|»lkari?a unjagad-iriaa-mudraib
■am udra |

['] Kaih t Tad -udal hi>m4k ha|cy -enal • oppida vaaadhogr makolam-onipn M Art go tethkalu
■nd-nme|n-Hhurul *•

|* | vantyniiit-aiUiiihdimi leihknl -cawt Knmta|t-viAa(.1.0>i.iii A Adan M'U*(r)-*rtHh(naih)U-
aukhiUpadunt-euipn (*hn|nlya.vaib-

[ •) AaratnAlU»>i«(«u)r mniudarndari-haali- nmalaka- vidalana-kuiii (ka) plhlrnra pratipoi-anA
kara | Svaati ftrl-Siihdavaih-

l ,r ) *.(l.lbha. n .kiiinH|n-viui Milyan-innni(iia)mna(mra)-bkllblmn.ina^ill.*kAra.Tnrfu.bn(Tn.)ja.

vibiliU-vinynidn-pdd-libyan-n-

[“] aUri-athmaiii (14rjjar-Aiiidra<dhni).|>niri|B Magndha-N«'pa|»-<'l‘“l'ul |l, < 4'li.praHlulyam

nityn-tAjaib prnlm-

[■■] |a-l nk-yutmh vlra Chiltnn»(mu|ilidn.lib4pn«i || Jayali vijayivInk-hnil-narUyafrllalkl.niityn.

inihgfl I rijitn-

I”) kinintn-tniiigi* vniei-dAi-ddarppablmugah I vitarngn-Rnnn-Uilhjpl viAr*-vidy.llh(A)nt«rBmgfl I
vividlm-

I") Tilmdlm-mbgo(nnli) mih n .<Mtuiiiga-lbapa[||*l II A.int-AriU-nripilaram bednre bMbkormJ-
Btiliu(rttlui)m»ih

|") VMta-rahanaoiim poihdim (nihi.bmadi gudiga|mh ginjlmmam nAJumam monixmd-irkknb.
(••J golrud-embudn vinudalh talil(ta)tiiioi-omd*oihdu pA|« gliana-«uf»an)ryynin.l-id«(<lc)i|.
ippnr-Ar=Uodard<lo(rdo> CliA-

(*'] muibd-lran ipt|nno|n || Ant-eniaide 4rlmao-tnahliniviiu*tWvarail\ OViinmt(mn)ni<).Hni.«r-ii.
["] var-nrJhdh“i'.(iddhilm)g»-l.ik«limi-8iriy*U'viy»rB daaa dig-vartli klrtiy-omi-cihd.ide
Kaifi || Pati-blmktiyi[ih*}-

j | p(d)-Aru|ih*]dhati maliyim Uhuroti aubhlgyadilll llaliyeihdri k«bi|tiyo]|n Cluunomda-
bliupann mv-

N.i. a at rail .".mini. anU WJ-tUoorv/r,

93

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[A mi. 1*81.

("I u &riyud(l»iyam j»g*» bariouuguia II Va || Aut-enisida Siriyidfi.iKu* UU«hmii{mmh)d.

ivaulmin-

|"] gmf*«] (pulUi*] irtgurUeguih pogarttefBib DEloy^mbuk vlra-Biualudi'va-Vikrev*(uui)java-
kirnifciaru *ri-

|" | mala>Ki*ckAi)-Cpp&Uuih ]l.lgi.d»gry .cppatluib KtiUriJi »u[kliaj-

«wnUlhl-|vp.

|”; nddndiihd-JIJu r.ijviimgojy utum-ire , 3viu,ti SrhnacU.C’hAlukya [ Vilramavurehada) Maeyn
(••J Viruilbi’UiuvuUunttla

T/Hutta/im.

Kevutxnec (o (I S' <!•»/) Snmhliu, who in m.ido
buauliful by • tAanri wliioh in llio moon that
lightly re*U upon big lofty IhuuI. and who in
iho foundation-pillar fur llio erection ol Uhi
oily of llw three world* ' Hud! Ilo, Iho lord,
iho cioollent OOP.— wlioto fooUlool in pUaml
ii|«o Iho uaiuUnlml rny* of nil llio diadem. of
llio glut, mu iumiortnU, nrlvo how down boKire
hint, -acquired both Uio cartll anil llio oooun '

(L. 4)— The ocean,— from which Mm moon
en>.o ; whioli in llio homo of llio geiMtM of
fortune) wltloh in adorned by Ihr liuiUlilllna
lint (lot lo it for proloouim whioll in ihr pUce
of (he production of evor-new Jewel. . iho nur-
faci of which in Iho farourdo Oouch of [<kt god)
Mukonde") and which in dc«iralc>d with Hid
nlrrnnm of rivom, large nail nmull, nod with
lima of .urging nna aimed by Iho motion |
of the aquatic anininU which am drlrro to and
fro by lh« play of iho lortolnoo and Iho pdfAfne-
Katie* and (bo alligator* ond crowd. of ole- |
phalli* m rut,— la marked, n» if with a nignet,
with (/Ac milk vSUIt in) Iho hnbilnlion of tuun
mnl animali.

(I. 7.)-Tn llio aoulli of (Mr uneaMiu)
MAru, which in eitoemod Iho limn of llio oailh
wbioli i* charming an being Oon.ideivd lohnvo
ilml namo ivcnn for il .* ginlbv Ihoro in Iho good
mid n|iollu« land of Ifhornln : mnl lollio ooutli of
i hi* there in ihoclmmlngononlry of K u n t a | n,

(li. ft.) — Mirny (Ai'iijr*), — who were the jouil-
Id .erring* of llio nice ofllic C In | nky u *,
which won ennniib'id lo l«p Iho iwpliiole of
cndlcM li*p|iino*> . and who wero a* mighty
rut lion* in rending anaadrr the head* of Hie
infuriated rtcphuutn which wore their enemite,
— gorerned U.

" Then- on (Uw lo

hete iul lWr«. *f l»i» i

ln»f« nf writing . a a 1 if l r thit, flu HHt of On »Uo*i
iitluvrUftn hft r.«<jutiftal nuJ bUik. otilnt Um A*UU
uf the *nini bif# fcva inUiittJtullv
11 Viplum.

'* o'nMr*. nj&Ustf. U uot ca»:U> • coat iu lL» £i C lifl|i

(lo. 0.) -Mail ! Tho brave VhigC li A muni) a
iff tho Min of lltO will to s \ atorliliim which lire
Chow who aiv lioim in llio SiimI a llhango { Clio
walcrlilien, which hi* foci, nro Uwtkcn to anil
IVo and an? piciiod down liy llk> many hoad-
on nnuiil* of the king* wlio bow down before
him. ho hai driven away the Mm inbtngo of hi*
nuaiie* , ho in worthy to hn pruiacd by iho king*
of UArjara, Andhra, I>r*vi|*, Mogadli*, and
Nrpi«|a, and ochoni ; hit glory i« perpetual i lie
U poMNwicd «f a > t ry poiwfal army. Vlottirir.ua
U hr, tin L»n|f whooxotU in iifi;ioMi(adty wln»
i* the iti((e for the duaoio of the dancing-girl
who i»i Uio itoUcImm c.f vicUiry ; who b *1 oou-
<|uciv«l (in) the lft!Uo*Hfltd i who Inn broken
il»u firido of ami nf lua enumieii who r*roU
in iho viflntf of gOOHMiiity . who in dwply
Teiwbd hi (ill kih)Wl«tl|(Oi and wImi tuiooiaUia
with learned turn of vnriouM kiodt. Toll nu»
now j who aro tlioio who hare aot|airrd tuflt.
cikOtly unnl ooura^o to withrUcid Uio kmjf
Chimini(|u, when they COluidor that it m
hia dch^ht to fri|(litcfi and pinuo the hcetiln
hinga who bow not down btforo him. ami tln n
iti lii< linger lo iiM*il Ihvir wealth, tin* vnlilalrN
in which limy convoy thrir gnuli. iMr troo|n
ofwivt -, their UmpliWt ttioir UmU la t untl tlwir
tvualrii?i»y

(li. 17.) — And a% to th© glory, which cxtcmla
to Ihr ten legioni of Uio bravrna 11 , ofSiri-
ydil6vi, who waa Iho wife of Uih gloriomo
JfaAifiut/Wir/tfrti/u king C h A tn a p t)a s— Ifan-
kind pratto 8 i r iy L d ^ r i, the % iiHuoua wife nf
king C h n m u y »J a, toying thut ohe m n very
Aniadhnti in devotion to her husduml, a very
Lihmuli in Wtodum, lltvd a n ry Knti in lienaly.

(U SQ. J — While the prince*, the bravo B iJ-
j a 1 a tl 6 v i and V • k r n in :» A t v u, icAo ttvro

Htuiuif iif ll»# wvcO. It M h Ur^rt «lulh tr*y b*

t»e»l ii k r*rt*t. nr » rarUin. «r, »u»pm Jttl

cwwr a ct.k^lMf aup(»rt<«l At lln f ilmiiutui. i« i
kn»i M Ual M rnrh ««d.

n llw fnur milfikl tW D>m tbc tsxr

iutalTMtllkU }*.iub. llfC A.'Ullk. kiU Uui lud* .

Amt. 188 a]

SANSKRIT AND Or.n CANARSSC INSCRIPTIONS

4ki.ii] io thin Siriyfddvi mill king Chi-
lli it p 4 “ ! '“"I "ho wcro oonuidcrod (hi) abiding.
(ilncrK of glory iiml the object* of prai«c,-»rto
governing, with llio delight of |4im*iiigc>jnvi'in»-
tiona, the glutviu* K (a u k i d Seventy. and tlm
llftgatjnge Seventy, anil tho K e I a v i <1 1
Thnc-handrcd, and ware reigning i—

(L. 23.)— Hud! On

of the VirWhi

am&twtaira, which wailbit ninety-fourth year of
llio glorioon C h a | u k y a VikiamaVanliu, . .

No. LXXII.

Tlm Inal and laical of tbo Aiho|e inKriplion.”
i* tlm following" on a rock in the M of iIki
river. below the temple of Piinniur.imu in Survey
No. 7.’<- It in hardly Worthy of notion, accept
on on iimtanoe of tho rvtcnt Io which corropl.
I104* of diction run bo <urrit*l in ibu tuoiu
rewni inaeriptiona, The character* are of the
lil> unlit or aiaUcuth century ; but tbo in*
•criptinn i- not apeci Ileal ly dated- The innenp-
lioa con tain* no (hut of any hutorioal nu-

|WliMMW.

YVmM/ip/i'iui.

') 8va->lallAiii'* d»i goii»m puihnyaiii |ara dall-inupIiUiiani | p*ni-.luUa>|uliui>!^miii | avu-<latu*i
iiiipulaiii
■] bhnvftu |<(|

*J l’r»ji>l|nlyn-i**iiihinnolinrii.lu | Clmyilra hn 1 1(1 | Aelinata r.lj/.»rl UatogcdAveuAyuka-voiJoyaru
(•] Kanialittigiia aUnikn MApAkhinaiu Chik*-K4inaili*Mi4yiik>rig» Kotapadebcnuianavora-
gi&iim-niido Tuanlmka-

f*J Chikoreya •ln|a rahAvAgi ko<* pateyn [|»] Yhlake Avaa-ln-ohU uppidun, Hiihdu tappida-
|'| n> Kiaiynli ika|« koihda pAiuke luMiura Mn.ulnmlnn Uppldan. Mukkt.li, III
[*) muaJpa bi.iia pAlako hiUrft f'J Y1 dln.iAmuk. Arobl-.ru U|i|-bA U »dQ [||»]

notice. Among iho Ini lor, i. a very intormUng
fmgmnnl low down on the north nWo of a large
and alui|ir)m. rook lying to llio north. wart of tlm
temple of Tiggiua-lrappK, or 'Irapjui of tlm
hollow,’ which ia on Iho north link of Urn
‘tank nt Ilia back or llio riling.

A lllliojrraph". ftmu tlm mfnmp.iyr mnd« hr
inyaalf, la pnWiiliol liermrltli. It Itiehnleu
frig mania of two inxriptiona, which cum on
tin. rock a -pnoo of 4' *' brawl by U 1 11 ' high.
Tin* upper ail tinea are in heaatifiilly-out cl>ur-
iiUih of indio.lly I lie anuio data with tluoe
of llio early Cliahikya mid Kmlunilia gram*
which I liuio | mb'. id i, >d. They luivo, however,
tvrtnin di-iinrt peculiarity. mid ivliiieinotiiu of
llirlr null ; mid Ihi 1 only imariptloiu known tu
me. tlm characloi- of whtoli urn of prccuely the
anuio lypo, nre— 1. llio I'nllara grant of
YiehiiiigApavnruil, wlnob I have publnbed
n( ViJ. V . p. 50,— nud 2, llio Pn 1 1 u i a grant
of A 1 1 i vnr m A, which 1 giro below. Hut in
Plalc XII. of Ilia NmiM-W.-n Po/a-.yciij.Ay.
K.mihI Kdition, Ur Runu II gi>,~ an nlplatUd
from a P n II u v ii alum -m. .nplion a'- 1 In -Siii'i
I' agudaa, rvfctml by him to aluiul a n. 7w. the
clt. meter* of which lire of the aarnu typo, though

•»T»i*i..u too uw^Ltli, 111 liirron lb. mUukia ia Iku

iuwritiU^i

" IV.UU> '.lu 1174 UM in. or iua.ee 1M

>■ Nu. a* ul fOii, a»J OU C—i",. hu<n,.

Ttamlalinn.

Tho priuerration of tin gift of another ia
twico na tnarilorloiia u making n gift anraelf)
by conlUrating tbo gift of auoihor, otrt’l own
gift braomou fYuillraa I

On tho Aral day of tlm dark fortnight of
(MewimfA) Chkilia, of tlm Pu\j6lpuU« Miiruf.
rani", tlm gloriou* mid royal lord llan gnlAia-
nAyaka gavo n alrip of hind in tlm riling* of
Kolnp»ilebi.iwikunaTom, t.igclhcr will, tlm alio
of (/Ac hint, or vitUgw, ru/frd) Tmabiilii Cliik-
kero, to XllpAkliAiimn Chikka-MiiiiiuiiUDAynkn,
who belonged to tlm ehrinoof (Iht p». I) Uimn-
liilgu.

If any one ofTcntl* ngainu tlnia (rjuriif), — if lie
be a Hindu, bo inrnm the gnill of killing n r.uv
nt Ki*i; and if lie be a Mu-ulmim, ho lucuiw tlm

guilt of at

MnkkV No one mny ofTund ngwinrt thin (.id "/)
nJigion !

No. I, XXIII.

In tho aiiauon 1870-7, I thoroughly eiaminod
all tho inacriplionit which were known to carat nt
lUdimi in tho KalAdgi Uiatnnl, and at the
name Unit) aucocoded in diaoovering a few new
onca that had never previonnly hoen brought to

•• Cateladrd fmm Vd. VIII, m>. 3W to tU and 3M to
*t». »od po. 74 to 7* ahuie

" No. Oi ul Wb. Niurtflt. u«d Old-CrnoreM. /.•‘•i*-

lle»i.

“ It «ouU tali ip tuu iuuiA •in'" anl uuk< Um Uau-

TIIK INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[Arm, IN*'.

•lightly modified and evidently »f In lor dale;
he names them tin Hunt, rii C In'ra or Poll a va
Alpkiiltct, and. ol |t. Ho of hi* hook, ►loin that
II confined i« iltti oil) Toy i) o i u * -I n or
Pill or u kingdom of Coiijiit>'inin. mil I hoi
«hc introduction of this nlphnhrl into Toil,
•lain At) u is probtbly In lw phuxvl dIhmi lln>
fourtli century.

Owing to I lie peeling olf of ilic imfnro of tlio
reck, tin* greater patl'ifllm lawnpiun luu I win
enliivl) destroyed | mu) il in of comvu impossible
l<> say liow for tlwi lines may have ••Kl«-iuU’il nl
Hie suit", — though II. :l An. pannol Imvoailcud-
rd so for as I. I may Uare, owing In unlnrnl

fiMMiioal of king*.” Pram Ibis, un i limn ilia
inn'll | it i' m being ul Hiilnmi ilself, tlnuv run liu
no doaht tlral Villa pi wa* originally tlm
Woslui'ii Imlut stronghold of llio Pa llava*.
nml llml il VTH fnnn Ill-Ill llmi llio Chain.
I jus mined it. Il i* pmlnblo llml VilUpi
»u» loinpniftrily ivcoveivd by ib,. Pallor »h
frniii (lie Western Chaliikya* after tlm reign of
Puli k os i 11 ianilUioin niimw (u Ihi nn nlln-
uion to lln't ill (liu latnr PaUavn traditions, in
I. I I or tlio eoppOr>pl«lr grant pullltdinl by
Mr. Pon Ikes at Vol. VIII., |i, 27:1.

The ilnir is, imfmniitiiii'lv. entirely oltliicrnlml
hill this fingmchl is. of eouiac. of al buslrnili.i

ohtlaelot in the atom and io some soek.-ts ilstu limn llio euttiml C b a I u k y n iltwriptioh

which. for aomo mason or other, uvro cut on
oaeh side of iko inscription. I give Mow a
iiniisrriplion or wlail lemain* i il U loo fmg-
tnenluiy lo translate. Tbe fragment u of ««•
iromo ml. rail ai mentioning llUtini, in I. It,
under us auoiont mime of V ill dpi, and us
speaking, ill I. i. of "llio Pullavii the

nl Hid. mi, whi.li is ilatod Suka 61X1 (*.n.
57S.y). And iliis la, in fuel, IIm earliest stone-
iMtiHption as jrct known lo niutin llifao part*
liinca 7 In !• iMiilnin a fiv letter. of aiiollmr
inscription uflalir d.ilo. Tin olmraolom show
li l.i bn a Clio Inky n Inscription of Die
sink o/ seventh einluiy A. 1>.

Tl'l*«|ipf«lM.
/’Vol fiMrrij/f.i «.

r/ijya-vnrthA

illlianiliid irnlyfnLiM'l . ,' .

lu'iia Mali,) mall | AJr, a

[•AiiiJvnbarA AtmnnA
vidrlslilm ViMpir-

i-W/a

n • •

ri.bnur-ainlniu gAlraih gnyoir-Alnm

luynk ksbiliblinJinmngriWnh Paliravak'*

1 . ih(F)hn-Vi*)ipur M -a(p|i jab staniblian-jaya . , .

pt(?)r-lil*lw!nalO prnkhyfdn

.Siruml niser/plraii.

[Sra]Ml Baka.vnrsbn-aa[iiivvnl«ira). .

• ••••••••a*

• Bid .... i .. .

No. |.X XIV

This i* llio grant nf V i j a y n It a il t! li a-
v a r in i, of which I hnrr spoken at Vol. V ,
P l"o. 1 now give tin text from llio original
plates, wliieli l. limgloNlt Waller Klliot. Tkey

,J Tli.m «**•• !•* x- ill till* p.irrratiti** Ilf tlu*

WUnUiil I W tuMitil ».'»••. II »H «.f llir It * , 11 *.

tiaclly tUtfA?. .\i*t lr» r..,nnv fl* mi. tu om.l.t,

v#r**.

•» Tlarv Aui b*r* -<nn Midi u»«c u li*:

WW otrinined fbr liim ly 1 IhMmmfciliiJhih 4
futm t\ u^h rniinnl MAiUmimin, nl ofmiml ilum
nl * Onnnjimloju* in • Koiulikur* iii tlie Guntur
Diririi't. Tiny, ihcivforo. cornu Irvin tin* iiwtrrii
irf I ratlin .

Sii* uViti 4rNimimli«fialitm (Cillnr .*f ahi.tV KmitJ
• <iil II./ iiftr**) .rf Mr. K.mllnV cmiil »l Vol. VIII. n. ft*.

i‘ , ‘** < Ilm r,f On* iy >\il l*i pr< Mil •>>• •

^ * U* • IMlil Uii-sIrtP.AlAi v !•> u • . fla iii
«x!<ul lnuUflll

ON THE NORTH SIDE OF A BOULDER
NEAR THE TEMPLE OK TEGG1N A-IRAPPA AT BADAMI

\rnif. SANSKRIT AND OI.D-CAXABRSn INSCRIPTIONS.

I' 1 1

lira pl*tra nre tluec in niitiihrr, nliesl &}’ long ii» date, nr llm pi'niiion at limn two king- in

liy -iV braail Tiny nro iliin niul mioaiI, I In 1'nllnvit ginenkyy llm ii ih unlikely

having no minnl «tgO«; onil limy me much Hint the V ijuyaaknnila vnrmii of ilii>

hnttprpmmrvn) limn I ikouglil from tlicnpprwr- grant in Monlirnl either tbo Unit nr I In
niwio of tli« iiiV-iiiiprwmii fiom wliipli I first <ronnil SkiinilainrmA of the gnuii- m

npnko of thorn. Tcgetlior with lira ring hi»I Vrl. V.. pp. Minn.l ir.l. Ami, having irgm.l

•ml, they neigh !U} tolnn. The woml ami lo lira ni.lcnenu of lira oHaractur* in wliiili ii i«

llilnl aiik'ii an n ii ml* nil Tim ring Uni Uvn engraved, anil lo it* being in llu> 1'r.ikiit

ml I. I'liv I In plate* mum into my haniln; ii ii Inngungo, and In tlir emhlrm being mink in the

iilnai }’ fliii V mill a)* in iliam.-tpr. Tim uni inrfneo of lira irnl, anil lo (lie Riot that it ircor.l*

hi n Ik .ireulnr, aboai l|* in diameter; ami bin. only .me t*rneiMiun nnl.iior to the doner.—

>unk in Ilia anrfaeo of lira *«4 itmilf, a at Muting tin- pnduhilily u lliut Iliin i> the railie-i

animal, which look, morn like a deer Ilian liny- I’nlhun grain llinl lum an jil Imin Iwuugi.i

thing elir, fnoiiig lo 1 J 10 pmfir liglil. lo light,

I mu inialilo to gim n tfamdutiuii, as lira 'llm grant, nr in lira mae of ninny it llm
Innly of Iliin iiMPri|ilioti in in I'nikiil. Hilt tlm Kaahrii Clallllija ginnln, imin will an 4jiii/>h.

purport of ii in oirar. It iv*<uida n grant to lira or, in lira I'rlkiit, tfawfli. It given ui pine

g—l N«iAyn|iu liy lira <|in»n aih»orl nl‘ ilia licnlly lira Mima foitnn of lira iiaiiitiuU SI nml

Tnaatu.ifnf/ifgi V i j ay ah ii il.l lia vii r in & in :l »n irn given by the I’nllnta ginnln nl Vail,

lira reign of lira MiAu’id/n V ijaynnk niulu- V, |-|> fiO nml 104, ami lira VVfigl gram

varnil, nhoao iiainaooeura in iinriikjllf«tn at id, |i 170. In lino I 1 , Hum in a form

nn ri/iiyiil6'iiii/ifri<i*nia. Ami V I jay n buil- of 4. U'hWi 'lllUm in ilrinil from tin- l ..I

■III n v arm 0 is mihl to Ira n Pit lira vn, nml uf lira il.rrtt pint** mmliomil jua al.it o, hut

lira IllnWIflynim or II It A rati v ilj n «pW . .arily imcwtllm Iho third form of I lie (in|.ls

IIipto «. lln refer.', no genenhyi.nl 00liin.ii.ai I given ly l*aw)il IIUgairiol.il Indraji nl

In tween lira V i j n y n Ii aldhavar til ii of tin* Vi.l, VI., p. 14. Ami In I. 10. ihnvmeiue

grant, nml ihr V i j a y a ii nn .1 i v a r ni 1 of mur# numeric*! nynilioh, which nro Mmmwlint

lit* V e iig i gmni nl Vol. V , p. 17.1. who wu* nm.ilnin, hnl wliiuli aretn h> lie eillrar iKOnnil

of the S Ala fik A y n nn pdfen. 40, or, .uinl.m.1, 1. |wrluij*i. n lliiril

Th.ro m iiotliing in Ilea iiiKri|ill«n hi imlinalo nhioli » allogellrar iloublful.

UVuuorWpfum

VS tit jJafa.

|‘l Ki.hlha || Siri-Vijnynhluindnvnmi.iaiim1mrij.Mn Miiivvnehbara "

(*1 yuvumdiArAJaaMt HliAnrttAjavo hillafi-

j f ) iinib Siri.VijnynboJdhsviiinmil.wi iW-vl

|*J kAjnnavlliA(l')niilfi»l luulA(F)vlya

W.ren.f phi fa ifint ‘"If,

[*] n'ljan* lfichli»(*).-ifP)«.*(r ) p l , llJi,a• , . . . .

(•) pA.l-nllnrv' piUA AniyukoMa kn(Fno)*ilu". . .

('J ilihrniMin iUlgi(r)nl kAmi-iunlul-nanka dcra-ku load

|A f . tl/ \ <"l*\

|"i blmgarnn-Nirtjanan.it nWih(r) uyiuh h.lu va.IiUninf.

1*1 ymil kiilium-hheini niraUiun' ohnUAli I mll»ni-|l.i

,B | namyn dnttutaili Utflga-gAnrf y.'ki »tlnr». i

I 11 ! Ksinyu [F jntjnltAi'ihi|i(lnlmrin|lui|ini'il«a < n»

M O u's XII J. I!. |V,I. V. |>. M e •••! V<*. XV.,
I. II iV.4. V . i. | V.|. Tli»« «*i .*.• m nt^lr UI !•

.4 Mr. >1 V/. VIII., HIT; l»«< \

ll»‘ |rniiiii«.ia*44 ,.f ill.. %*» (Ail'll. \||«1 !)#• '•

In. ,| tl r il ;;U Hl*int.|vi.>» m I. lo .if Mr. K'uulllio* if»it
»» v\.i. viii.. p. ari

11 H„f bbn«’f if r.l M b*«V, «.r (Mrlt&i*. too,

•• f A,s L fl.T*. . im* aiiiinc ll»« I n | f fi. r n»ir..* #

ilW'iflltlf lKf<.

•• 4 I|K-Mt . M-ilWiliV Irr*.

%% IH*.^ M vlVfiltW oil |» rU|i« .»*. * t r

U<*.n llir |tJ 4if

*• Ui»* kiw i* li^rr

THE INDIAN' ANTIQL'AUY

102

Thiitl )tlt< tc.

| **J H»liuliliir-vT*»nilli» dulli linliuliliii=*h*AiiupSlitjt

|*»J ja*y* yoey* y*da 1*b6u»ih tuaja Uaya fad* jdialain (IlM
I 1 *] 8va-datu'uii ‘ pam-dattiiu vA >6 lmivUu(eul va*mul!uirA»ii
I") gaviih 4aU*mltwri»Mj4 dv(pi)vati daikkvitam | *|

Itohiiiii-guavulii

H

No f.XXV.

Tlii* i* another copjicr- pluU? from ll»f 1

original plutt*, whuili belong to Sir Walter
Kl licit i ami wei* obtain*! for him b y Stamm-
lUr* MmlilivAr horn Utaurtln ui the Uunttn
I lint rid.

Tlio |»l«tioa uie tltruo in mindur. mid moiauro
alioul HJ* long by 1 J* broad . tliuv art tbiit, aiul
qatto ainooib, Imvmg do raided rinw. Together
with the ring and ita arnl, lit ay weigh 1 W» tola*
Tlic ring bail been rut Iwfol* the grant nm»
Into u») hand* if »« about / thick, and % Jl # in
iliiimdtt- Tlio *t»l ih dividnr, about J' in
diameter. The vmlilum ott if* in probably tin
figure of aonif gi«l, kitting rrmaleggcd OH an
nil at ; but it ia anything but clrtir, avail m lk»
ongmnl. lake tho eiiibh ifl on tk* oral of No
I.XXIV, uliotts it ia Mink hi tin* tint atirfuro of
tin* «i\»l Itadf,— InMmd id* bring rafacil in irhef
..ii a ihih til inn tik anr filer, *» i» inoiulty llm cnao.

*1 li» language ih Nnnak fit. The cliuiadera will
U? renwiktHl upon below.

The tnooiipiion cot era both tnlrt o( two ot*
the plate*. One aide of the tliln) plain ih blank.
Ihi» porta of there liliroof writing, iu llwi wciih*
idi.irncn r* ice tliunu of Mw extant inacription,
twit lie dial i mi ly diarvrncd uboiit tlio oentiv of
the other aide of lliia plate j tboa, in I. 2 I <ut»
i lmidyren.l and, in I U,

| M6Mu[iiiJ, and many otUr Ivltrni

nrv twoguuobk*, though I niunot moke a tv.n-
meted |*»*iigv twit if tin* Hn4 liuci Title obit-
triutrd wrung I At all theapprotmitw of luvilig

Ui ii henten down with a hninmei. by wny id
iiiiuvllitiuii, » I W looting the plate And the
plain wna evidently then uttnelud to the other
two, nan guard to portent tlu* writing. Pm-
laiUy the vu wan nnot her blank plate, now hot.
lit tic bed to protect tk* writing at the other end
of the grant.

Tlvo inacription reoorda that king A 1 1 i.
v a r m A, of t ho fumily of king Knnilaru.
granted thu village of A n t u k k <i r. and i%
Reid of the mraatrn of right hundred jnvffi*, or
li field lulled A/Af4l*i/.i.pa«i*, nt tlio Village of
T A ii t hi k a ii I h a cm the Miiith hunk ol the
river K 1 1 * Ii u n )• e i. p k, to u I Jr/i lining imuimsI
KbtthUrimi. The giant ih im 4 tinted.

Tk* mi mta nf A I t 1 r a rm A mid K ii ii d a * n
are unknown to me Hut, Inmi the My lit of
the cdanieti t*, whioli nrv oftk'NiiiW fy|a iia
thiiau id No, UXXlll. uUne. - anil from the
ho t i hut I hia gnml i ohm a hem tlm Minn
hieulily iih No. l.XXl\ • nlmn , mi* I from tin n
being (lit Mima pmdianly in the way of murk
hig the Ulnbltmt on the muI in both tliUgiunt
j ami in No LXXIV mid I’mmii the atntouiei.l
i that A t ti vu i in A waa dcwrciulctl fixun tin god
i llimnyagwrbha, or HrchitU.—lheft* mn U* no
tloubt tint t thin ii I NO ia a P n 1 1 in n grunt. iiimI
tint it in tun of early dulu

A tianoirlplMMi of thin grant ia given in tin
■HJtHMid Klliot MS. fWM/nit, eidithnl VVfvgN
.vdfwmrmr, Vol. I.. p. 1 :l i but it ia winngly attr*.
but^t there to the Kttrly Chalukya king' Klifti-
I viiruu I.

TfttMrVV.'jd/l'It,

b'int plah ; f hvf *riU

| *| Hcaaty-AtaU*vipula yiiMiM arltiiutjcAmtiiiU*auUiarohhvntiiMi*MttaiulliliAf^ blmgnvato
Va( v v mh)k«'avu» ^dhi-

( % ) vbiiiiaa-lri bbuviuia kartuli Soibbl»oa-eharanu-kanialu-inj»i|i*pa»itrikp(i* Kumluni nriputi-

kuld Mirau-

(*) dbMilna auudaro HUjatn jiAtUlaJaiiM.pnrwhaKi.i^iprumvyu-Hiriiuyigarbhii-piwMiii'iiii

pintapopaaa-

tfiMt yhit* : ar/na if

1*3 *.a »ukal:i Miiniauta.mu ndidcnu Mabimlrft-aiiuxa-viLratucya aura giiru awliiix-biiddhiiiu
Minjak-piajA.pulan-O-

PAI LAVA GRANT OF ATTIVARMA

'3 c»

Ann., I8&).]

Till! 0 AIIOS.

101

(•] piirjjila-kfrUina rujftA AllinrmnmfA anopiu-rita-dli*miraii-kriyA-pi,rAna KAiynpaguiril-
{') ya Apu.tmhbhn"-iiutrn-vidA yania-ni[ya*]mavoUi Itig-Yajun-SAma-vidA bribmauAyu
Hndimii-kulpii-

SeeeuJ plate tftr‘l »/*.

I') yn KoiliiarntiuapA KrialiQabeo?A-dak*hina-kfi)o TAnthikonthngrlioA obalur-ddiAamen.lila-
ama-pn-

| 1 1 tli-k*liAlrrift-cli«Antukk«‘iragrAinaa‘ch;&daknp6rvvmi dallali i*n(iiB)r»vti(ri'Vii)-l>idlift-
poriliArain [il • J f.8Jv(a]-dnitf rtt pa-

| ' ) ra-d»tlAm vA y6 Im.etn vaBundhanim gnvirii witA-mliaurnuya Untuli pihati kilbi*h»ni (J*]

Stcoiul plate ; jecimi/ rii/ii.

|'”l llliAnti-dAnAtuparncdAnan-nB W.Atiw-na IduvriahyaU [Inajy-lauu haranlt-pApitlii-na
bblAlan-na bl»]Wal.[y]al[l] f||»] IKaliubltiJ.

I' 1 ] r-vvamdliA dalll ba»mbhU-cli=AnujUliU" ytwya ytwja yad* bliiimi.-utaja Uuya
[ladA phalaml [»•]

‘•1 llnilima , ’«vnii rUHaiu gliArni. ua viaham viahnin-ui-liyntA riahuin-AUkiiiHin liantt

hndiinn-avriai putra |mutriknm (||*
TVitnafufAm.

Kail ! By king A U i r a r m A,— »l»n i* born
in 1 1 io (W nnly of king K a n d a ra*\ abmli ia
(iouioknI or uneqoallud and o«lon-iTr fan*,
ninl which U glorkina, nml uliitli ia di’HW'iidrd

Horn the linc.go of tho gttnl •» Anauda.
mid which la punflod by I bn pollen of I he Moan
- hid an lie f<*« of (f*« j» d) Hanibbu. Urn holy
one, who rraidco at (rte ferny* </» VakA.
Avarn* 1 , and ia »lm maker of the Iblto world.;
who ia attended by bmilifill anil will-born ulid
Oliver people | who ia at I bo poai.til) of «1 m>
iimerulablo (H> • - 1 "' ^

ilnied llio leirilorww of nil chieftain* by I",
prowl— I wlio ia equal in vaJoOf lo (M- ye.f)
Maln'iidru ; wlio rcweuible. in inlolloc* II* prf
rrplor of the goda i wlioae fume ba. been no-
•piirel by properly gororning bia lubjccfa ; and
who ia intent upon (mirin/oiar-p) lb" miinUr-
rnptcd prneli-ra of religion.— n Held <>f (Hr
menrnia '</) eiglil Imielr.d j-'//-, liwluling
(,'fe f.(".a<f/K/e« "«) Ibe four qunrlen. al llio
village i.r T a n t II I n I li a on the -mill bank
of (fA' riaer) K paliqaboppA, and alao lie

village of Anlukkurn. were givon, with
ld.il eina of water, fr«o from alloppoamg olaima,
In tlir llriliiniv KiAtiiariuA, of tho KAiyapu
pilfrti, who know, tl" 1 A|ia»tamhhn” • lifra. and
who jirneliaua |Im anjor and the minor obwrv
anroa, ami wlo la aoq<minl«d with tho flip imd
tha Y*j*r ami the tfdma (I'Aior). and who ia a
BrAliina*, and who ia almoat equal to (Meg..')
llrahmA liimaalf.

(I. #.)- Ho Incur* ilia gnill of Iht alayc* of
a limidtvil Ihonaiad row., who rontlmalcH land
that Ima hi ll given, ivMhur by Uiinavlf, or liy
another f Tbor. bun ntl( be«n, ami there almll
not be, any gill (M Ur) Ilian a gill of Uml i
there baa not bwli, and there almll nol be. any
*m (jrrcaf'r) tlmn eonfii*ntlng llie annin ' lauid
haa bin given by many, and lm» been pee-
aervi.l in grunt by iminy be. who for the time
being pOBBMUo* land, enjoy, the bencllt of it'
The property of a lleibiuiio i» ■nid in bo it
terrible |Kivm«i,(Aii<,/u rwtujmrinm Witt fii»f),p«.i.
ami in not culled poiioit I (/<•) p«i*on kill, only
oik* pemon, (irfiriviu)tho property ofa BrAlimai.i,
(./o\ff.e.i/"J), killa one. non# anil wna’ tuna 1

T|l|; GA ItOS.

1IY run KKV tv

Tho fiAro. arc a typo or tho mon primitive
Hint —rage of Ibe clana, and ull i>r t)ii«ctan
I mvr more or le«- of n family likenca. to each

■' The uvimm* of tie. f-cw nt (lie mu-.

b-.lxiih.. 1- I IWlieir. •(iB.’KOl |m-il •« lU.If.iT Uu-

n.rl. ■< lie. mint. Ur. nhblrr W -r.lUu vu th.

I> -ill , but I Uie net Ui. reiuarta to refer W.

AYEllsr. M A,

other. They Micro intlteeii.teneoof nSnpeetne
Being, wlw ia •• find over nil.” Hal (bey do not
worabip bint by .m dlice, believing bint Ui be

M YtM i « wftf Miunrftl.rtnil du»D» mm f»ifr-#Us! intn M

** Tlir r •* I ro »* *" ceTtttt UiM ml M

»- KfUltrk.. »» Or, VuuW^mn..

101

TJIE INDIAN* ANTIQUARY

( A run. I& 80 .

benevolent, nnd therefore nnl In need of propi-
tiation. Their nutnorona inferior deities are tho
objects of their dread, anil lliey do snerillco
In thorn, whenever they boliovo tlmt they havo
incurred liiuir displeasure. Araonif iha direct
objects of thrir worship are the ouu and utoon,
To ascertain wbioh of thu two iboy should wor-
ship on any given ooflksiixi. tin) print takes n
cup of water and some wheat. ; liu then calls the
name of ilia aun, and drops a grain Into tho
water ; if it sinks, that is a sign tliut Ihcy should
» oil’d" p (In' sun ; if not, he drops anotbor grain
into llie cup, in the name of the iireim, nnd so
on till a no of llie grains sinks.

Their minor dciUoa ure so nutnoroua that
even the votaries tlumanlvus cannot, toll Ihoir
name* lit* hi ia tho ehiof of them, llo is
tho same us tho Hindu tfiva. and ia aim railed
fturjung. Ill -hi is said Id prraule over
props nod health, Surjong over oolhtn They
are one, but divided into two. Their worship-
pars do not know of wlal gender tlrey nro, or
whore thoy live Hi-lii is not di«ph*»od at
munlrr.

Owing perhnps to their having no written
Inngoag.*. tho mythology of the Oil res inrun
with UlO ogo. In this ivny they linvr (Mtnc to
n gai’l our gfn.loos Quwn; “tho mother of aU
the I’ermgis,” a- one of ihoir divinities Un-
happily they have brought into the -area pan
(boon the Hindu deity MahAdevn, wltoni they
oonwder the spirit of evd

They claim fur themselves n divine origin,
ami pnietisi Irem-womhlp, making an offering
to die newly. burnt aslux of the dind, nnd
preserving tbn imnaes of the defeated in their
homes They regard tho higher mountains an
the nlxslre of tho hlosKdi dm won! , 1 /ud, which
signilies nutniMi'u. signifying also Ariiiw., tho
abode of the gists. In tho same way tho Hindus
rngaid the Hiamlaytts at the dwelling of their
deities.

Tho Hrst created man is believed hj thoOilros
to hare Iwen a priest, hilt tlreir prinlhtxnl is nr*
hereditary. It is- the duty of the priest u>
perform oertain rite* at weddings and funerals,
and at tho Investiture of chiefs; he nleo names
children on the day of their births, but his
nioit important minUtrntiona are in time of
siekness. Hvery home lus one or more altare
before it. The type ia a certain fantastical dis-
position of bamboos, with festoons of cotton and

other light appendages thnl ware in the brear.
This is tire general shrine for all oommon ones-
■ions, mid is referred to in all eaaos of sicknnu
or scarcity.

In time of sickness, tho priori is sent for to
offer sacrifice to the particular deity Ire mny
pronounce to havo bean offended. With hi*
peooooka fuulwm in liirs hair, and hla oflleial
Kiroluls on his feet, nnd with little other cover-
ing, he tukoa bis neat on a low (tool in front
of tlm nltnr. and addresses it (there is no imago)
in n low monotonous chunf. Mcanwliilo another
person lends the victim round nnd niaml the
shrine. It is tnkon awny from linio to lime
for lastmlion, ami tlren lid luck to the priest,
who enres.es it and foods it with salt; aftor
this has boon roponled, the hmd u atrnclc off,
and tho slur is smeared with the hl.au I. If n
soooml blow should lie needed, il would he
thought of ill onion The sufferer, in whose
behalf thu mi n lire is made, lies nrer tho priest
during lire ceremony. At lire burning of the
dull, if tho drawsid was of turtle, a liiillook
•as snrriliiusl, anil Uio bend burled with the
lioily. If he was a chief of tho upper OAl'is,
tho iiiHt.l Of oae id hi- sieves is cut off and
burnt willt him, If Ire ivns of the Hint rank, it
was furmoriy oustonuiry for a largo body of his
•lavus to sally forth and seise a Hindu, and etil
off his liiad, and burn It with their aliiofs. At
weddings a oock and a hen are slain by lire
priest, but ratlinr for augury thsn for sacrifice.

The dead are kept four days. They are then
bori<d nt midnight. Tho pile m e rooted at
the distant* of a few yards from lire cA.iiniy, nr
1*00*4. The pile is adorned with atnpes of red
oloth, and tho head nf lire viotiiu named above,
and the remain* are placed in a ■mull luint,
and laid on tire top of it. It is Orel by the
Wiar.nl relation, and tho asbos are buried near
tho spot, und covered with a small thatched
building Burroundml by a railing. A lamp is
lighted every night for a month in the building.
Moreover, the wearing apparel of tlm deceased
is hung on poles fired at tmoll corner of the
railing, and left then* for sis weeks or two
months, after which they nro brokon and allowed
to hang downwards till they fall to piece*
The railed grains of chiefs are decorated with
rude representat ions of animals placed over the
grave*, and the railing is often decorated wiUi
fresh flowers.

Atm, m\]

TUB CJAR08.

m

Thy ilr* 1 1 nru moreover kopt in remembrance
by rnmns of monumental image* plnml in flto
|#orrh of tlio dwelling- honor. Thou in n aittglo
hoiwo freijiiootly amount to a great number, a
tvproduotton, perhaps, of the Hull of Ain % rfct<ir«
nmong tl»y Chincoc. Thy figtiru ia ad iriio.l
with Iho carvings or otlwir ornaments worn by
l hr p mini rcpunenti'il, hilt in other rv>,|*vU
Ikuim no roMunblitnoo, or hardly any. to anything
Inman. Their belief U thut u Q\m t an won
an ho it burnt, is bom again u G tiro m homo
unknown spot fur away in the hill*. It b
probably on iiwaunt of their cunu»m of tvpns
•mting Ifurir by imago* tint the (JArin
«»ro unwilling to lie sketched. They bditiro tlml
tbo production of n likoncs* of them solves is
ominous of their death.

Coloinl D ultoa describe* one of thrao rudo
representation* am 4 * a full'h tiglh liguir, ih*
curated with all kinds of finery. ami wltk an
old "ilk umbrella supported over it.*' lfo thus
describe* Iho offerings matin ul tlio grave uf a
young girl* *' In front of iho Ikuikj wm a
IimiiiIh>o fiwnio six fort long, two high, umt three
brand* al iho corner* of which oirvul post*
were pluotal diagonally, iuuI a lid of Opm
Int tier, work wits lying ivtnly lo U* jdseed cm
the* top. Willi la tin* fining n "mull opening bad
Imhiii ninth' in the earth, into which the txsiuiin*,
cuHecM from aniotigal the «*•!»» .. of tlio pih%
were reverently placed by the noiuwi fui^lo
relatives, tlm mother and the nuuti, nml then
Mtvoml with earth. Tide done, tlio ainnr
mourner* filled tlio bamboo framowork with
various offering*, of winch 1 noted the follow-
ing : - Tire* lawk tl* of raw cotton, lour lxvA<t«

• if unthrnahod dhan, two grilled fuwls, u few

• lovan shrimp*. boiled rice, ml pepper and wilt,
mid gourds full of mhud or fermented liijeor
After thesr, earthen Vih*j.U wetv brakett and
thrown in Tlio roaami given for their being
broken was that nil this provision was for the
line of tlio dcid mniden, nml tlml her apirit
iviuhl not me the veneris till they hud hvn
broken, hot (hftl thn fragments would reunite
for her. The trolli*-work covering wu* then (
laid on the top, and a roarac ailk doth, stretched
njion hoops spread over it. Meanwhile the
boy* of the community werr henting drama,
striking gong*, nml blowing liorn". Above
all. a bull fight wna exhibited, und uttruoted
crowd*. 1 iidccxl, but for the grave co rriage and

silent grief of the poor mother, as*he*l.)i»ly
and ijiietly pnt one ollering after another into
the grave of her child, all looked like u merry
making. The tarnboo frame ia nlVawed to
remain a year, nod n then barnt Amidst fawli
lujoioing*.’*

Tin dr marriage ewemanie* And caitom* in
ditloiv lit from the European. If a young Oirci
abuuld make advance* to a maiden,. uml alia
rejecting him, chaic to tell her frienda of if, it
would lv regarded as an insult to her whole
elan, which the blood of theolh mhr mnat atom
for if iinuiiig I lie I pper ( J.*it>»% but a feast will
cotudlintr rr^ntnumt aiuong the lower dun*.
The custom ia for all GAro maiden* except
hcirvoMii (and thorn can only ninny according
foevMnih law* of kindred) to mdimto tlicir own
choice of a hinduful. When tlio wedding day
arrives, und the bridal party begin to lend olf
the bridegroom, Ilia puvuta aiul family feign un*
tout r dUlle grv. f. imd male load kniediitknM,
n nd a«»mc fciw ia uhimI to toar the brnlcgivKim
from them.

Tin invealitiiro of a chief oonaiaU in a horn
ring ln>iog pluowJ Oti mrh aim by tho pried,
who u r<» Im» prmentivl with one ring, which ho
ia entitled to weur on hia left ami. Tim final,
w h icli forma a neroikiry poH of thn rnremony,
In •*. riMly tlmt none hot tlio moat wealthy can
1 aflonl it.

When ii man hna Iren killed by n tiger, they
WliVO that lie u|^H itra it it dream, bidding Ilia
rtlitiww ehaogo tlusr twum**, wliert*o|»on hia
parents and brother* an<l aiatom mlopl new
name a The object ia to prevent the tig^i fmin
diseorcring the kindred of tlio man ho ha«
■lain, ami tlm a attacking Gtctn too. Tbotigera
no» i" worn a^ an amulet, to faeilitate child-
With.

Tlictc simple people ham groat rovcmico for
truth. Their mode of nttcatation on onth ia ray
«j|ernn. The oath in taken upon a vtofie, which
they first aaluto. and then, with the hnnda
joined and up- lifted, and with their eye* atoad-
faslly fixed on the bills whnv they lHirvi»
thoir god to roririe, they will press him in the
tuotl wtlemn manner to witness what they »m
about lododnro us Into or faltc They tha\
again touch tiro stone, with all appearanoo of
the utmost fear, tuid Ikiw tbeii hernia to it. again
calling upon their god. They also look sl^td-
fastty m the dircctiou of the hills, and kin-ji

106

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY

[Anui. 18ft'.

their right hand upon the (tone during tbcir
narration, In some of the hill* the/ plaoo a
tiger's bona between tboir tee«h btfore they
giro evident*. On rare occasions thoy swear
with thoir weapon* in their lmndn. When a
Giro ia ■worn in the Ucnlpura Court a lilllo
clinlk “craped from the w all answer* tlifl purpntc
of earlli. Amongst IImhmoIvc*, a lie ii punished
with nut ant deuth, not to much aw tin act of
justice, a* of indignation. In case of murder,
llm rvlatiira of the slain uni bound to demand
Wood fur blood, uud ought noxirdiug to Olio
custom to put to draih cither the mnrdrrrr or
one of bis kindred, or at least one of Ilia "lavos-
Thu otlurding family is then bound to retaliate,
and ao on witboal ceuaing, unleas the Council
aaouood in bringing about a noon cilia lion.
Thu mode of effecting tin. i» by inducing thn
injurod party to accept a Aua from lira other an
tlu* prim of thu blood.

In n duiolly feud the weaker party flic* to a
distant lull to elude lira atrouger lloth parties
immediately plant a tree bearing a aonr fruit
called eW.il*, and mnko n vow that they will
do tbuir U-l to tut the fruit of that tree with
the load of their enemy, A gm< ration may
l-i- “““/ witbe.it opportunity of revenge. la
tlml ease the fond dcooeuds to thu ehildron.
The aoncssful peraon carriou off Ilia enemy'*
he*d, ami boil* ' it with the Trait of the tree
which had been planted | he then drinks of the
juices thus mingled, and the feud Wat nn end

When hciul hunting porties Imve aueoeeded
In massacring auflleiont virtitnu they call nut
nutuhon of their frionda to ar* the *' rocking
beads," which they Hll with wine nnd fond,
and dance routi.l them, tinging loud eongu
nf tnutnph. After three rejoicings live lirads
an> buried for the purpose of rotting off
the Hush. When armed at it proper Mage, they
are dug up mol clowned of their putrid Utah,
and thou the wniriore sing and dance round
them again in triumph, and Anally Imng them
upin the hoc re* of lira slayers ns trophies
" Shulls so taken have a marketable value, vary-
ing with tbo position of the owner, and tho
degree of hatred entertained for the victim.''
Thua the skull of a Gomaitn, who Ixiught
Kalumabopara, was valued at a thousand rupees,
and that of an India-Talukdiir, on agent of tho

1 Frir-s ■ pap* M “ Ttis N.irth-rslt fr-mt-v eMM

i Mwsica Mil, ib VI. OA'iOsm hUUiftmctt

Knniboni Zamindiir ot five hundred rupee*, whilo
the price of a rynl’a bead ia from tan to twelve
rupees- Hence tho O-iroa are careful to roduoo
the skulls of thesr own kindred to powder, lest
by nrcidont or for gain thoy should find their
way into tbo market. Of late year* tho Uritish
Government has brought it* inflnonoo too near
to admit of auch raids.

In ease of disputes between clans, — and among
a pcoplo so impatient of unjust disputos three
aru very serious— tho territories of the hostile
elans aro mutually proscribe*!. Neither nmy
eat or drink within lira territories of the other,
food so taken would not nourish, water ao drank
would bo poison. Tho difference may bo adjust-
ed by the intervention of a third parly. The
angry clans may lie brought together on neutral
ground, that tho cause of quarrel ussy lie di>
cussed. If lira arbitrator suooeed in effecting
p«aon, the patties swear to observe it, by luting
their swords i aa n sign that friendly relations
hnvo lurasi restored, the reprreotitntivra of th*
clans must pul food into tacli other's mouths,
and pour oiled, the festival beverage, down
each other's throat*

I will only add Colonel Dalton’* aoooatitofw
building " lice’' aiming tile Garda, lie witiiran-
nl the proreaa, and has thu* d**cribod iti " At
Ihe LiialihaV'* (chief's) village there was »
ennaiikrablo gathering of young people from all
the neighbouring village*, not often seen at this
season, aa lira inhabitant* are occupied on their
forma, either planting cotton, or preparing their
ground for cultivation. Hut I was most for-
‘unnto in Atnling Irate n hnuu-building pntly,
and a merry one it was All the young men
and young women of the Qumtupsra elans were
employed, and meat rapidly and yet neatly they
worked. Tho framework wo* ready, and they
were thatching | curiosity at tho sight of the
stranger slopped them ; but, on being reminded
by some ef their cllera that tho day is short,
they went briskly to work ngnin. 'Die girls
divod down the hills into the valley, nnd re.
appeared laden with homboo-lruvra, while the
lod* on tho roof covered it in with thorn. A
feast was in preparation for the Inmse-buildur*,
provided by the individual who proKtcd by
their Inhour, and thia ia all hi* bouae cost
him.”*

ml. U- ID*. Item, re VA»r?. p.if an rail) rarer . - tl.l.
trUra t., J ub. b|i*, mi *«.«. S.,. vet III. pp.

Amu, 166 :.]

MISCELLANEA.

107

MISCELLANEA.

JAMKS WALKS THE PA1NTIR.

I\i fir AM i /or, “ Indian du/iysarp."

Bn,— In ilio Indian duf/tfoarp for February,
pogo .V2. tliero am several curious details ngard-
mg tho Indian raree-r of James Widen, mini,
in ooudmIIou will. Wliioli lie following additional
faeu may posses* tonio iniertvl for your renter ■
In Stanley'* edition of Bryan's Biofra/\liol
and OrWii.il DitHfmaty e/ Tamrtr*. ii li .u«.i In
ihenMiooorWalen, written bySiaolsy, tint In died
at Ik.mUy In Nnrcmbur 1WI. and tin nrtielo
also mr-nlioce tin Im " mide all those splendid
drawing* of llio cave* of Elloni nml tin pinna
wliioli wore, after Inn dsulh, publish'd by H.uran*
l) in loll. '

In ilia wnll known work, Oriental ,S renerp, by T.
nml W. Dmil.ll, Ih- io will be foigrl twenty-four
view a of the mountain* of Ell.uu ami tlio Hindu
Kiravntkms, (or iu wo now nail thorn, Rcvk-Cut
tumplm) dram by James Wales, Mid enjiuinf un-
der tie duvet ton of Rant.il
It would nppoar, howover, from a state im-nt In
tho liitreduolion to a aninll oblong i|ilarto book
in the poaeoMkm of th# writer, i-ullth-d oU
ffliMfrafiM »/ Oriental Kmm .imt t’s.fowi by
Robert Mahon, Ikal Wain. was assisted in bia
nmlaologlm) undertaking* by Mslmn, who wiy. la
Id. prcfiu-s, listed Cnlcultn. Kcburory let, IW i-
" Tie following skcli'lir. wore inndo .luring my
irnvola, wlulo engaged In an iirdnou- tuole linking
(wliioli look mo fire year, to nmiinpliah, for a
Mr. Wal.a, lately dcoMaod il via . -Oriental Anti-
<iultle«, or Drawing* of alt tbu oioavnled Hindoo
Temple. In India, portiemlarly ilio.o m Kllora,
noar Aurangabad, Ekrera, iwur Poona, and tl.cwa
on tho I aland, of Elephant*. Mid Sol.eltc, mar
Bombay."

"Doing requested by a fow Prlonda to favor
th«m will Dmwlnga illustrative of tbo Xlannora
and Cnitami of l».o A-iatloka. to tend to tloir
Kelationa, wln> fold never boon in India, I ion-
eluded ii .mail Pocket Volume. containing Twonly
sketches. would bo very nooeptablo to tbom, and
the Public in gone tv) i and accordingly publiibcd
my Proposal# for tbo prevent Work "

"I return llio respectable few. whom Nome!
are here annexed, ray grateful thnnke. for tbo
readiness they have shown to encourage the under-
taking i and ainccrely wloh it im; Miawer tboir
<t|wvtatloua oo the subject."

Tlio plataa, 19 in number, are band-coloured
engraving., of oowriiktnhlc merit, tail plat# being
accompanied by an interesting loiter press de-
scription, foil of alluaiuns to " tho Archeological
8urvey" work on which tho aitiet was tngaged.

K-.berl VLabon appears to have been a good
architectural draughtsman, a. may fo> men from
thoao of his skotcl.as (.aoli as No*. 1) und 1«> iu
Which building* are introduc'd

I liavo not been able to Unco any reforrnce to
Mul*» a* yet, but doubtless a search in thoCaleiUl.i
Ou.iffiv for the years 1790-1800 would dUooisr
mrno particular, uf ill. KngU.li artist in India.

The Governor General of India, Sir John Shore i
Jonntlnui Daixan. Goreroorof Uomfoiy. iimI many
otl.or well Unnun nsmas are among the aabarribi-r.
to iImi book, wliioli unfurl n ninety four, no lm|iimt
whatever.

The this page. wliioli l« angravod, Wna givin,
as *lutcU by |Im uulltoi-, in aulmlilnll.ni fur the
Wtli plate, promised m llio proposals lor publish
fog the work, und is thus described by Mahon .—

" I liar* intredured a Proniispitcv to this work,
ihatiud ul the laat rarntiuncd sutijeet hi my
pr«|ioudi i— In tl.o Vignolto of lira IVonUspiocr,
the emblematical Figure, are J/.'sfory dim-ting
tbo attenliuii ul /'.tfufing to Indian nilgwts, u
part nf ima of wbiub I* ropr.-cnl.-l mi u Tablet,
whiull sIm supports l luv. giien the Figure ul
JWi.fmy, Ilia oit.tu.fo ..f •trkkuig the llaiiibiiw with
her pencil, to denote the Power which this art Im.
in giving a jus*, repriwinialton of ns tare, nod hot
many varied Tims " The " Indian subjret" on
tin. tablet U an Rlspliaal, with a hnadiili nn Ik
luck, kilo-ling down.

The lull owing brief rpltoino of lb- "intent* if
till* I -»>k will, it i* I roped, prove of interrel, u. tin
volume is, it is boIMvtd, tlm aarlisst g.l.f. . A. . f entire-
Hon of authcdtir pint.** illustrating the monner-
aiil cu* total of Hie iiatirea of any part of Indm
Hie Caloiittn edition of Daltliaaar Solvyn's plat...
Ulusiratfog tbo manners and ciwtntn* of the Hin-
doo*, was not publish!.] till I7W. tiHliuUgh Hie
proapeehtta or prifio.nl for puhli.bmg them will
Im found in tlio GlfoslW OomHs for fill February
1791. Tim better known French rdltioii of Solvyn
apicared iu iMris in 1&8. in t relumes, at It.
folio. Hie publiahlrg prior being ICO guinea, the
set.

Plate I.— Tim maimer of crowing the rirer nt
Wanker, ra«r room, during the moaiooo.

Dated oo n trunk, on the top of n r»H formed
of "caltlmahoi" l»*h<«l tog««licr, i. an officer
dressed In nnifonn; tlirOO nallres .wimining by
the side of 111 * raft arc urging it over n rivi-i
“In tlm background 1 have inluslueod co»Ih»
with his bnggiigc i ili.Unt from tbiw. Ilia bmreii
und pnlanltecsi. Hosting in the same manner.
Since the year 179.1, this Iivxlo ofcrua.ir-s tberiv. r
lint been dinoontinued, on account of accident.

TDK INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[Afbil, l&d',

108

"Inch have Imppcnod. ponpki having olton bton
carried down *«y Dm strength ol (ho current, not-
withatnmling the united efforts of then- who con-
ducted llio riIIIiuIic-."

Plate II Savoy MnliBitonrow Pundit Purdhun,
Ulc Prahwa ol the Alah ratio Umpire, aoatcd on
the Mnannd, at the DmUr ol I'ooiaa, in which in
introduced Naim 1'urmivroc.

‘I'll* I'ealwn la *oalud "do-akna" on Ihn
muauiul. to the left i» Nnru Kunuivc-xe. "In survey-
nut PUaltmt *«uud on Urn wiuaiiud. tl»o eye in
•Inrxled with tho Intinetine ricltea about hint, but
hia cflemiunM ilrcat ntd the unmrtu'.yliko attitude
which Ilia cuatom* of tho paoplo make him under
the nereaaity of obaerving, tnkca away front Ihul
dignity in appearance, which an Karaprnn might
e.pw« to dm in a Prints mM on it throne."

Plat* III.— Haroy MoWlowrow, Ut* Praliwn
-if Uni M abr.it t «» Rin|tlro, oierrUing the long
• l«nr, with other Bramln Gliiefn, near Portraits*,
at Poona.

Plain IV -Savoy Muhnulawrow Pundit Purdhun.
lute I'eahwa of tho MaluntU Empire, imwuttng
hia elephant on hia return Irent Partial urn, to tho
Durbar

Philo V— ' Hu lain Mahndnjt* ftcnndta, the
.. h’bratnl MahmlU Chief, mutod in hia lenl

I'lntn VI. Mahraltn I'.ndarcci returning to

aftet a |i)iinileiing ou'imiott during tho

lute Nivoy Mnhwluwinw Pundit i'litvlhiiu, Ido
I'ualiwaof tlio MnhraUa'* expedition again.* Niton*
Ally Khan.

Plndareea, on alophanU, aaouirted nn horere
ami on foot, driving bofora thorn village >a U.I" re
with bIkuos of rl|ie grain,

' Tina akok’li w«a itidtlo on my nay to Kllora
ill niler to nuke dmwingi of tho •tn|it(nl<>ua
excavated Hindoo tempts* Ihore. At Hint period
Savoy XUlmdowruw had wken the Arid againat
Nmm Ally Khan, no amount of the latter refusing
to pay toiM tribute due to the Mnhrattos."

Plato VII —A Suttee, or ceremony of a Hindoo
woman pnmonling to tho funeral pile, lo bo
burnt with her tkaoaaotl husband.

“ While at Poona, I wna proaent nt threo core-
on nnru of thia kind : tho nnncxod thatch *m
taken from thr Ural I anw. The nnrortuuute
victim wax a l» mitifil young Hlmlco woman. Ou
the death of her hnalxind, alto declared lw» re>
solution to the court of Poono. that ahe wnnlil
bum npon tho aarm pile. They nnmolluieJy
iaaned order*, that every honor should he paid
ho* i aepoya and a number of other attendant*
u*-re aont. na alao palonkeena. and musician*, cle-
pDiiu, camels, hows, and in abort everything
u h nil could form a grand proceiaion. 81m went
attended by these through tlm *treott of PiXmn,

mnhirgnaaUm, (the token of licr departure,) in-
diacriminately. to nlmoit every on* she mot,
after which aha proceeded to the funeral pile,
attended by u 'iwt ooncoorao of people. The pile
wna erected at tho aide of tho Muir, a and tho
Motto, two rlrors which form a conjunction at
Poona. Tim aoaitractaon of the pile was vory
airnple— it coatiatod of four |Kdo*. about eight feet
liigli, -t.riu-k slightly in tho ground, at tho dintaora
of xoveei feel by live. Ill I lets of wood were ploood
regularly within tho npuco marked by then, to
lh> Imiglii ol four foot i bat wren thooa were, placed
gobor, or onw-ilung, Inked in tbo Min, draw ami
other combustible nmtlora i— over their, oil wiu
poured to accelerate the diaaolntioa of tho unfor-
tunate victim. From tlm lop of Ihn polen othora
were lied ncrqaa, ao that Ihn wholo bud tlm rude
appearance of a Imdataad. On tho lop of all ware
laid n great many billot* of wood.

•• On her arrival at the pile, her huahnnd’n OOrpaO
(which wna curried before her to thu plane) wax
linmenod In Ihn liver, during which tlm Urnmin
pitextx, who attended nu tlm oooation, muttornd
•onto pniycre, mid laid it on Hie ground. Sbo ant
aonao distance from It. liar hend wna adorned
With flowers i her relation* prwtvilfd laer with
lioollenut and -woetmentn, of which alia partook
mid tlw-y |*soed upon her wrist*, hnnglra or
brace leta. 81m seemed to Im almoat in u Mute nf
i n-iiii.il/. Ill)', Oil imivunl Of tlmlr having prnviuu*.
ly glvnn her gutty* After taking on affectionate
Inave of her ftiond* aho rote i hor husband’* body
wu< curried hndd* Imr, ami laid ti|ion the pile, aho
I uaeonlid mid laid down by it, omhracing the
1 curpno i— aftnrwarela, four or Are people laid hold
of tho poire Rued on tha greind, and pulled tlmeti
down, by which meant, all Ihn billet* of aood,
wlnili were' plain! nt fop, fell upon thorn. In tlm
Interim, tier nearest relation* wire employed in
■citing lire to tlm pile below, which they n|*<edily
rilivtcil. on account of the combustible matter
contained i In a lew inmates it wua In nn unltrc
blaxo— they retreated, applying their hared* to
their mouth*, making n moat larneutable noinn .
tin* with tlm «hriek* of the unfortunate woman,
wero drowned by vnrioua mimic 8he enduavour ■
..I toMtrleato herself from the flam**, on which
a B ram III. with a large bailee or wood, Itrnck her
on tho forehead , wliieli slfwe«ually a tunned her,
or perhaps dopnved her of life a* after it, the
war nt teas. In a few hour*, all that remained of
this faithful poir wna a. hen, those "cm thrown
with mno degreo of earemony iuto the river.

Nothing could have induced mo to bna*pecta-
tor of this horrid *rene. but a wish to give nn
WACt rrprcjiMiUticn it."

Plate VIII.-A group of dancing girln.

Amu 1880.]

MISCBULANRA.

109

Pluto IX.— Goturhn, or Animal Fair, held In
front of tho etoavatlona of Bltfura, in ilm
Mahrnttu Country.

“ Tbi* wonderful work i* very near tho top of
tho Itliiinr Ghaut, and ulmoat oppoaila (a tlio bit
of I»giir.”

Pinto X .— Mahometan! per forming tho Moliur-
run, or mourning of Uoaaoin,

Plate XI.- 1‘areooa aiacaiblcd for derollon at
IQtkMi

Plate XII.— DlffarMb medoa of oonvoyanro
oat.l at Horn liny.

" I” »kotoh. I hare inlroduced palankeen*,
chair- [nlanh«na, nuilianniui. doolie*. and a hac-
kery, or mrt I Iheao being the mode* of pod-
v*)nnco prevalent there, and indued nil over India,"

hi the ' chair palankeen/' which in liko n eoden
chair, la orated a alonl Baglithmai. in whilo
r hit hoe, nailing a hook, very liko General " Kolr
Wig” m liowlundaon'a akctch, ia tha • dikmfwwr
«■/ (Jui Hi f in ffimfualiin.' London i IAI6.

plau XII L— Bombay Hulaulara. I*cna«Ur..
Sepoya, Ac.

Plate XIV.— The launching of tho ahtp Carrun
from the Dombay Dookyard.

Ptala XV -Arllllcora at work.

Uoblarallha at work on I ho atepa in front of an
Kigliahman'a hoa.u, a lady and two gcnOetnan
I. Miking on.

Plate XVI.— Oontoca at devotion.

” In *hll akotch I l*q Inln-luord the lltomin
prloat at Kkvera. with Otli.r two Hindu* war-
■hipping la tint lernplo there, tho Magma of
Malidaw."

Plate X VII,— (lenKma l.mrnting the doath of
a deemed relative, nr friend.

A group of an Hindu women at tho door of a
iiiuirohut, hmtlng thmr bratata with the paliea
of thoir banda i through the doorway of the hut ia
aeon the dead pereon. cororod with n white cloth,
laid out on n oharpAi.

Plata XVIII.-Hnaka catchera olnl.lt mg a
cobra da oapollo.

Plata XIX.— Fakeera or derotcco of diUcrent
Mta

In thia plate Mahon drlineMM, two Hindu, two
Muhammadan and one 8ikh Flqir.

Aaruo. Co* arm*.

A HINDOO BIWINII ON TIIB CA9PIAN.

In our wnlka about the atreete of Rt»hl oar
aervant Gopul. with hia red turlian and Indian
cnetume, attracted great aCtcnliou among the
Khurdi and Koaaka, who frequently inquired if
ho wao a TOrk. Tlio I’rrtinna accrued to uu-
dcratand belter hi* belonging-, uiIWO him a Mul-

Uni, and declared ho had coma to join hi- brother.
I inquired what Ihey meant, and Uarrul In reply,
that odc of tho -liana" of the place wae 8 ma-
khmii, a temple totno t. n mile* away, which all
viaitona made n point to aoo, containing image*
that icoro wor-hippnl. It wna lighted by aatred
flamee, wtilch -bm up out of the ground, aud for
oonturioa it hid been under tlio fkithfal guardian-
chip of Multliia. Who the MuIUiiW were I did
not at Scat comprehend; hut, finally, it occurred to
mo that a Mnltiui must bo eynonymoDa with
HinduelAn I, or a uatil* of India) that tho oily of
Mult An eat the Imlaa mnat hare boon In tho
•h*Unt |«al an important centro, cnmmnreitlly
nml politically ; and MultAni might have Ihxi
a ami by the Koatcrn nnliona to dotlgnaM the
ptoplo from thut city itaclf, aa well »» th en who
hailed IVnni portion- Kiltli of the Indue 'Vo woro
now very Ulliima to *<* what wo conrludod mart
lie a Hindu temple in Uuuin; and eeptrially to
inurvicw the Hindu prieat, if auoh ho maid be.
in charge of tho Moral apol, aa wo ahould then
ictlla all dontill, and learn how it enmo to paee
that tho wtilrot of Hmduatan, who havu *ooh an
antipathy to WamleHug to any great dlitamo from
their own country, were Induced to make auoh an
« ilea. ive journey, *ipt«cd Ui every kind of dniigar,
both by era and land, and Unally he willing to
wool a temple in auoh an oat of tho way place,
among people who were perfect atrangera to Iboir
faith. Still more aurprteing waa It that thay
ahould keep up ao faithfully tho gunntienahip of
their idol a, by canatnut recruit* ■eat fnan time to
iitiMi all the way from India, u. wo war. told.
Umae were point* that oaat an air of ImproUbility
al»nii the whole mutter, cuueing it to acorn man
unlikely, and made ill very douroua ofaolving
the myatery. If the pig—la >u a flre-Mnptu
boliniglng to the (iii'lirea, anch a circa mataimi
would bo not at nil at range, hut wouU rather bn
tin* auiat natural thing that could happen t and
Unit it ia inch n tempi) ia dialinrtly Muted in the
work* of noveral traveller*, who *m regarded a*
unthority on matter* out here, bub "ho oridontiy
would not know n Hindu were they to meet him,
and to whom a flnt-tatnple and a brathan pagoda
were ono aud tbo aamo thing. A* much an a
century and a half ago, Jonua Honway mentioned
tho cilalMioo of flirty or mom Hindu deroteea
raiding at Baku. Why, then, w* thought,
might there not lie eon** Ice oxidant of 11. nm alill
liilng, who would bo n cnrlmity to behold, and
whose acquaintance it would ho proOlnblo for
ue to make ? Aooardingly in tl»> afternoon, wo
hired a linn. looking dioichky with a -pan of faat
lardy Knlinuk point*, who took ua all about tho
town for only »itty kopeke (ono ahilling oiul

no

THE INDIAN ANTIQUABY.

[A mu, 16 *'

reghlponeo) lor »lu> Aral hour, “h.-li i» tho govern-
ment regulation. I’lio charge fur the nut hour
i* about uncdmlf that of the Aral. An hour Uur.
mb had arranged ntlt our driver 10 t*ko m i“ ■»»*
drunhky to Siirnkhuni, Mint bring o. lack, for tho
•un of fire rouble* |fourtoon shilling.). In addition
to the *pnn of horse* »o luil, a thin) home was
quickly liMiWMrd abreast of the oilier two. which
Ml) team'd «»• tho custom when dririug off for
sonic distant*- 'Vo ilaitrd from llaka ut a quur-
to to four o’clock Oor driver was a Kiwsk, wilh
a lull, l>U*k Astrakhan hat on i und, wlmt U more,
ho *u a regular J 4 m, iu ho ilioio u. otor tho
undulating unit poorly can*, rout'd milt, foil of
mu and sand, at m Inn-mile-pcihaur rale. Wo
pkMod through two small villages, and in sight of
many oiMaetoria*. which from the dark .moko
they miillod, allowed that thoy were niniung on
full lime The air .round wan lilli.l * ith an
outrageous Oilour,

On approaching Surukhtnl, a place roaipm.d
»im|k)y of two large 01 fareortt*, <- readily dis-
lingiiMlmd tlio Hindu Uaqdu, whitewashed, aid
•uriouudtd by * high Mono wall, wilh a large
wood'll gale for It* main outturn*. Ooptl could
hardly oemtain himself. Wo got out of tho car-
riage | hut found live door looked, and oould si* nu
one in the Inside. Wo ihon walked around I a to
Ibe limru.l foolery yanl, nliere »n Wiuv tohl thal
lt> print hud gone llal afternoon lo Bika, ami
that witlioul him wo couhl mil enter the lora|>l».
Ilownrrr, by pomoMvuit and the offer of a heraa,
I ho kuy lo a amoll backdoor «»i fbwh.ommg, by
moon* of which an ontronoo wo* eerily < lfretr.1 tl
a point whoro Ihe wall, of Ihu factory and the
tempi* join'd. W« petard through ami cut of Cilia
of the odls, orrcral of which are built into tho
high unrounding wall, whoro tlm dorotoco bred.
In th« iwalre of ibis almost elrouVar rtioloeure, with
a da ii e'er averaging about on a hundred fool w*a
tbo temple propor,— a *trong, i|uadmngulnr -true-
turn, hnuing mark* of ago, but In goo<l repair,
■uimounlud * nil a dome iotno lliirty to forty feet
high. From tho dome hung a rope on the iiv>»)o ;
and to its end. some three foot from lh- Ihor, aus
faatrnod. ou*|iertdcd in the nir, a goed-nired top-
pci hell, |U*t -ech a- i. mag by Hindu* in then
torn! «lc* wlveti performing llteir i < <*rmi« lt».id<*
tin troll, nothing wan to be seen, *t«e a metallic
lute, which |rrottuili»l a fool or two out of tic
loor. and had ionic cotton batting stork into it.
This the mau who furnished us tbo key pulled oul,
and In it* place hell a lighted match. The remit
w*. the tamo m wbon ono light* u gos j<«. Wo
liven wore shown iuto the Only coll still occupied.
In it w« readily rocognired article* (Kculutr to Ibc
Hindu*, There wine picture* of Oanpuli, tho

four-lirmod elephant god of fiivn. and a few other
doitias. Ths tat were Fniuito*, or houichold
tliviniuee, cut out of *mnll pieces of silver and
gilded ware They were arranged on u small
rai.td altar in the middla of the cell . and about
them were gat-jets like the ono already denmb-
Oil. oral wliidi uur ciceroni lighted, one alter tbo
other, whispering audibly Hat the placo we were
in wua rery holy. Tho man, though a Malmm-
madoii, had evidently witnutsod tha Hindu prlo*t
In profound mnunnaii nt his prayers i and Ihe
dnikneis of Ihe rv.m, lighted lip null Asians fed
f i mu tho spirit world bonntth, li»d iin|>ress««l hint
will an awu lint characCerited his every action.
Having noticed all tl .at was to lu seen, and soli*-
lied oureclica thal. though miles away from India,
wo laid not yol got away from India’* god*, wo
■tutted to return lo Ihe cily i hep mg to And the
old piiiai llvore, anil got out uf him something
a boil I l ho temple and II* wondcrfol histoiy. It
wus already growing dnrk The lire- from Ignited
ga* In dilrlica. dug here and there for burning
lime and baking hrlek, llgliled up Iho sky. and
malt'd u« lo realiic, lo a very o«ucl (leg roe,
the apprarnine of tho country whan under an
•tten.ivo illamiiiMion goUaa up by Iho oituen* of
Hihii to rekdirste somo festive oicanlon, or In
li'iivoiir i J Ihe util, of sume Important nfflcsel to
ihrlr city. IVw, If any, plnee* liavo such natural
P’Miiirrr* for nil ill imimuion on mi giunil, yet
economical n stole ns Utkui and ihe idro that wo
were ruling over ” gas-work*’’ oo a gigantic scale,
it mail ho oonfmiod, suggested thoughts i|uite
peculiar to tho lime and plnoo. Our John drovo
tack even four than wlrso wo mine, breaking the
harnea* twice in his efforts to urge on Ihe Iwirirs.
regardless of deep ruts and aim p banka Wo give
the palm lo Hiusuiii olool and Baku mreUges.
manufactured, we were fold, m hi lVternborg, for
withstanding all strain when u Koank is tho
driver, and tliroo Kalmak pouius harnessed abreast
are msking for homo We aero luck III tho
city by seven o'clock i nnd were just dashing
round a corner, before drawing up by our steamer,
“Ihu I bo driver suddenly reined In tho Ivnrsc* and
•topped We wondered what bad ImppMiod. Tha
diivor, |iomtiiig to n group of men seated on the
"tops of » ll<|tlOC «hop, informed u* that the print
we “ant'd lo -o» w*» there. 1 turned and apoko
in Hindustani, inking the man to come to us,
The Bound of In* unlive tc'igou startled him, and
ho Blared lit us wildly a» I hi approached. When
we told him that we had just ooina from his
oouulry, and as n proof showed him Oopnl. the
man’s Joy knew no bounds. His itory. In brief,
wns, that he was a nntivo of I,ahor. Nearly tea
ysur* had ulupsnl siote ho loft Kuriclu by native

AMU, 1880.] MISCBLLANBA. 11 1

cn'Io oud iiixloiiig tire oceumuklUd merit, which
if a. the direct remit of no many year* el oelf-

craft. m company with two luern'inu,.. and arrived
■I. llinUr Abba*, alter • narrow romp* from
drowning in a norm. From Bindur Atitun, tliey
..lino on by hard, exposed mnrdica to Kir man,
Yard, and Teh-rnn, and llretxv by tlio *nme route
that »0 Inti taken. TliOy war® twelve mixiCli
making their long journey. At Buko, they
found tlm umphi in cliargo of an old prut, who,
o*t bom* relieved, returned to India, thoro to In-
due® lAlirni to follow bin foot* tap*, jmt a* hi*
|ii*dno«u*or load •ocured tin an tlirvo ftoali arrival*.
One of the aanoeintaa died aft«r a *Uy bent of a
»o»r or two. Shortly aflor, tho other became so
hoaierick that lie returned to India, premiaing
ctraightwny to aoud aubetitutei in hi* place No
on* a* yot hud Appiurcd \ and the pried, -till a
man til the pnno of life, no* getting rery mueh
tliioourag'd. He declared lie oould not day any
longer a voluntary tndlo Bom friend* and cvmnlry,
even though ho ahtaiUI hum to commit llxi unpar-
donable tin of buying the divniitie. uualteuded,
a clrounwUiMo Without a precedent, lie **id , for
no break had yet occurred in the gimrd!nnahi|» hy
Hindu* of the tomplo ainro llaorecttuil, 0»r*Uwn
hundred year, ago, hut iilmul which Ire ovidOIrtly
knew n* little u ho did about it* .ubaopirnt
hidory. Purlher than tl.it, ho wii* rapidly fm.
getting hi. mother-tonga*, Mil Ulkmg a miiluro
of Arman tan and Turkuh i *o that, out*ldo of a
plain, ordinary ootiraratllon, ba not only had
ililhculty In eiproiaing lllmatilf, but often Ihiled to
CiMUftlolo Ilia llliidu.tanl aiinlcnrew, making It vary
hard to under* turn! him. Ouo thing wit* avidei.t i
tho man wu* Icalug faith in the vlttun oral illlcwry
of hi* Paimlea, and dadnrnl that they were not
wliul they tiled tu bo. To prove tin*, lie want on
to *how how much wenllh lad ban .lowly no-
■inmilatiug for age. ul hi* ihrlne, part of which
hail noma all the wuy from India ( but the red wa.
the roault of olfonng* from many people not to fur
away, who, though of a different faith, vl.lled the
•acred a pot, — partly from ourloaily. and p«r»ly
from a general au|>eratilioti ill th- regno belief
that it U wine to upftoMo drily under nil form*.
Tlii. w.ulllt had Intel y been cniftod off in the
night by pari it# who could not be found, and,
if the guila could not talio oaro of wlmt wii* lltoir
own, tlio pricat acnoml.V do u liter! whctlier they
rxurld look after him nnd hte IntorwU, and that
of thora g<mo beforo him Evidcotly t ide tdwliml
tuado n tlrong imprendon upon him j for on the
iic\ 1 day, when oor drainer wmt udrerMrod to
.fart. Chin orthodox Hindu urged and liNOUgta
me to tnku him along n* my uorvant, juat aa I was
doing hy Qo]inl. oven at the ri»k of In* Icoing

uuintleo and (dottiCO. From England he uid ho
would return with Gopal to linlb On finding I
could not tnlee him, lie ilctrrmimd lie would nbnn-
do*l tlio idol* to ill* tender mereic* cif aomc Mulinm-
madun frienda, iind go back the way be hod
d;iivc ; diclariug tlui life he wai Icudiug to b» »
humbug! 1

PROP. St.’HlKKNtll.

Tim death of Anton vun Sclilelnnr, which waa
annoiinrod in tko .IfAiiuiruot of November 80 th of
laal. ycur. hi awn autli n uiuible vuid ia more thun
one depart moil of Orlanlal and Imgaiatiail re-
aeureh that a fuller not re of hla Ufa and literary
work nmy, it ia hoped, welcome to many atu-
dent* tu wltom hi* nunte liu* lung Iwew familiar a*
uno of tlio ftreaoet Oriniittl taliolar* in I<umU.

Siilmdiier wn* born on July 18th. 1817. at Boval,
where hi* father, who had emigrated from Bobu*
title at the end of Uit century, was eetaUlihad a*
a tncrehmil. After ptaniig through the grammar
arliool of hi. ■Mtvo plarw, he mnlritmlatod ia tlio
Uniter. Hy of St. IVtrr.bnrg III l*lfl. ami at tlio
wU.1t urine uitcdn, W. Belmciilcr. whohnhl the pro-
fouoralllp of Unman haw and wa- am tool that
young Scbiefnur alimtld aucoeed him win «Uy.
enrolled hi* namo *■ a .indent of juritprudonew,
while ho (uailnaed ot the mm* lime hla pbllologl-
ml atadire limW l*rof. tlrruife. who had hero th*
dial In Ktlaiin to write an I lecture or compara-
tive grammar. After orodiUilly pacilng tlieuaual
eaatni nation at the cud of u four yo.m' couru. h*
weul 10 Uertill lu IMOlo atlcnd live lecture, of
tlio celebrated Jurlat P. 0 vnu Hangnyi but
•oon Ilia eluaocu of Booakh, Bopp, l.achrrano. and
Trendelenburg l«d greater aitraotioua for him,
uid aranlually he gavo hlm.rlf entirely up u*
bl* farourite pbUologic.nl pureuito, Tim influom a
which ilia lecture* of Ihiiae far-funiod profeteora
eiertol on him ia trnccnble throughout hia literary
otreor. On hia return to St . Polertburg U wai
nude, in IMS. I'rofcrtaor of lotln, and .uhao-
ipionll) of 0 reck, iu llie Ptrrt Grammar Srhool,
and devoted hlmardf rnclaaivuly to the Hud, of
tint cltlMlc* and raorereptcially tlio Ureck philoau
plicre. A few jwa later, howerar. lie tcok up tho
rnrioui atudyof Tbfllan, for which lire llhmrioa
of St Potnrahurg offered aprvud ep|.-uumn.«
After Inin! apiomted in 18lS one o! tbclihroriuia
of the I ui pc ruil Academy, lie w.m oleclod in !8Stf a
member of tl*»t lotrnod iKaly. the caltivution of
the Tibetan language anil liU-rutore-lc'.ng»*rigm-J

fro» *f.lair»t Jfa.rA«(AreavAPe/«a. Bj II. Ualaouri vt lluata,. (HiMtB UWh W- *»-*»»•

1 THE INDIAN

to him at hia sprrul function. Simultaneously he
held from 1800 to 1873 the professorship of iho
classical languages in the Roman Catholic t hello-
gicol acimunry In tho lut menlioind year ho to
promoted to an ordinary membership lu tho Im-
peiinl Academy, with the predicate " Excellency.''
Alter a fortnight'll illiHtu, which IVom the very
hetfinning gave rise to tho grove*! apprehensions,
ho d>cxl on Novoraber lotlt of the yoM whioh ha*
elonod.

It t* in threw dliv.-f.cn. thnt Srlnofnar ho* mndo
hi* murk in literary hUtory. In tl»« first plane ho
contributed to tho Affwuinw mid /hiMiVhi of the
Imperial Aosilesny or St. Petersburg n number of
valuable arliciea on tho laugiingo and literature of
Tibet, of winch llm folio* ing aru of spoeiul in-
torc.it i— Adfilhii.* «ml Oonvnli'oin /« ,V»\ui!tll'#
Ndllion o/ (V Dm apian, IthMii W" /«'/' >‘t (“Uyn-
III uni, fiiliialnlrif III I|{tifru«f/l'>"l Ikr TV., tin, 1813 |

• flu I'ooi'OBx'i Edition an<l Tronolation of ftyyo
».A'or nil 18yi| Srintofon Me 'JVAWan to*,
yn.iyr, I8AI, IBM, IB»H. IS77 1 0- Ik « Perf*b »/
/foiM« Div.nf lire, /tV'W n DoJilhltlit I'ninl oj
IW, 1«M t T/mial'iMon nf I.V* /oi1 r im SHm$.
IHIil | On who* H'tlnn I'l/ii iii" it/ iti /.v,'(.vl ”/
RfkrjmjwfiitfM, 18M . Umlth^U S/orfer, finnofai.id

/»”*• Me TMW.ni. Kl 7 . fin If-'. fMM.f.

niuuniln (tho Tibetan M*m mt/ut4.|). IH7B. Ho-
•Idea, lie sepumUly |mbh-litd In TM.etnn and
tl. inmn IV*i >f .if'iinrnf* iwilfif, Was, and
TJinuMn'i If/pJmy of //..»*.>-» in /.i<f;ir, I Hit ;
in Tilt 'tin nnd hut ill, Ilk iiinfa'e dnnr/r. 1871.,
■ml tlo nncioit Bnnvhril-Tibolim' Mongolian gins-
IbAAtpifpiiMf (1R»>. When Ilia falsi llln»-
overlook him he vu hn<y collecting nnd nrrnnging
molcriaU lownrdt a work on tlio Henpoorpr®.

1 1 in l.llilil li religion ofTilwt

UeliMifhor pruainsod nlw n respo " able mvpulnt
nnoe with Mongolian | hut, iiiillko Ilia prodne-sor
l. J Schmidt. who wn* a far lieUi-r Mongolian
than Tibetan atkolur, ho (onftnol Id* principal
lalionr* to III* Tibetan Uosiisgo.

In the ioomul place. ho ■» for a considerable
number of years cngURod lit nrranging »iv I pre-
wiring for pitlilitiathni tho niomoli* and linguls-
llrnl nut.ruU left by llie great Pliilliu ctlinologisl
Alexander Cmtn<n, who. »(V't spending tnolvr
yearn among llie rarious Ugna-I'lnuio tribe* of
Norway, Lapland, and Siloria. In. I liiutlly auo-
cumbed in tho primo of Ufo to tlie hardships
which he had had to endure. Of tho twolro
volume* brought out by Schlvftwir from ISC3 to
IBfll ouly two arO nnrrutirei eeren Inwt of tho
lingungi* of the Samoyedio tribes, tho Kmlod,
Kamgnes, Tungamn. Buryat, Oitink, and KoUie
torguci, and tlireo contain CaaliMn's r.mnrlic-
on tho mythology, ethnology, “"d literature of tho |

ANTIQUARY, [Arau, !»»•,

tribes he lul vieitod This nmee of valuable
mutrrinl would proimbly long have remninol dor-
mnnl ill the Umvorgity library at Hol.iugfcira hud
not Sehiofner, ut the iiwtuneo of thi Im|>erial
A old. my, m ranged it und mode it generally
aouo-nblo in II lurid tnmnlution from tho Swudinh
original into Uomvui Ilia Independent work*
unitor tin* bradeompriao trnn.Utkm. of tine great
Finilio epic Aotmuti (18MI. the horoie poetry of
tho Tiutiire of Mm, min |1KV»), nnd the l»y« of
tho Woles (iKf.’l), on well do a number of highly
Internal Ing e.iuya on Einnle eijllmlogy (IftSOdU).

While Im «•> still In tho m*Ut nf tboao audios,
the languages of thu Ciiorasuv begun to enguge
hin attontloii ami it was In tho llmt pluoo the
Tush tuiiguagu on the analysi* ofwbkli lie brought
to Iwur his wonderful philoUiginal nouineo. After
a preliminary report on that language, which ho
laid l*4urc tho Acndumy in Juno, IRBt, l«o brought
out two years later a full trontuo upjn It. It wo*
mad illy Ihrough live study of this work Hint llarou
P U«Ur w.»H aumeutod to lavoeiigatlng on tho
spot alio the other lougutgc* of thn Ouimiuus.
In n bill ooeount by S.-hk»fnm> of roeont nmuarehe*
on these lunguagiis. whlrli will Im found luoor*
purated iu the Annual Addresi of the President of
llie Philological Ho.icty, j ust publUhoil, tho author
s|»uk • of his owu iihoro in tlioio most iliflietill
resoarch.n wllhu in losly nnd niuurvo which might
well Im eiKiim-iidoil In llngnl.llu acliuUrs of far
Inferior iliililtcw nml attiunineiits

As that. sUlmnnat dm easily Im referred lo for
further detail*, II may Imro aiiflloe lo eniimerato
*!•« various momoirs by Sehlofnor on Ihoon tan-
gunge* i— f'rwiy on Ike Amir ( 18 »lf|, followed (In
I87S) by n more comprelionalru ucrouot ol that
langimgi.i an-l a oullocUoil of Aw»r t»«le, with a
tranalllthwi . L'n.ii) an Ike fanyn/ige of (ltt> f/if*»
; ...a /• (TJ ir'i dOaiC'i.Jin nfudfes (|ftt. 1 )|
II r -rrA. . info Me fungiioyr (IH9II I

Rc.-.f n* ren Uit’r'i K<u! K* Wodi.i
(lW>^)l W*|*’»fe <"i l>. rill y«fu.'* iiHMififf.if.oa nf
l\.i J/ai'l.iawn (18711, ai»l JCeriNinn l.i-yunyr*
(187d). Alsoof thoO«ioticlanguago(whioh, llwmgh
lumlly Cancnsinn. Iielnnga to tlto Iranian group)
Schlcfhrr litul mndo hiinudr muster j* numlmr of
ImiiiUtiona from that language by hia pen. Dove*
ml of them ooouinpnnliid with tho origlnul lux’,
oppuivii in the llulHin of tlie Aeadomy in tlio
yours lHf-J to lWi7. Por many of hia lingauti.ul
investigations l>o lunl, with as much loot
l-ilicnrc. availed himndf of tlio pre«cnrc in bt,
PMcrebnrg of nnllvoa (eoldiot* -hiefly) of tho
disliiets ou the Innguages of wlueh he luijipemrl
tu Im engaged. TUo Importance, hnworor, of lli*
vast mass of linguiatical material thus opened up
by him, and of tho roiulta to which hia Uivosliga*

Amu, 1880.]

HOOK NOTICES.

11.1

• mu* led, In- not yet bout fully rmliard, except *o
far, pffhnp*, n. hU nnmermia coulnliatioii* lo oup
knowledge of Ki.icrn table* nrc eMwcrn-d. for
which Ilium li of I ili rulnra Ira minced throughout
hi* work* b kern apptoclntloa.

While ln> Imi o* 1 1 • reprcisvntalivo authority
on nil mullets concerning Tibetan literatim and
tlui language* of the Cannon* it felt lo l.i irra-
pumbld, ti I. itntlnra deplored l<y many »**«iu It in
■ Ilia country, tt» well ua In Franco, Ci'crmnr.y, nnd

Austria, wilh whom ho w*. nlltol l.y lie. ol
Intimate (Vieuduhip.

lie vuitod Engliml ihtw llu»“ for llio |up|kmd
of literary rrumrehra— in lHitl, 1*17, anil 1«7R-
aml he "ill l-n.: !•' toil* ntherod heir far hi* single*
Ucarteduru, hi* (prightly wrovciwmton. »ml lii»
UU*W erring deration li> lira wtnntiAi-' paraailh
which ho had nude tbo talk of hi. life.*

II. Him.

/tinnaiy 1. 1880.

IlOOK NOTICKS

Hi ,'.ii» Girl tin ll<™ ore of fUkjaMn- Hr
dmlMiMiM*. 1.1, h.« n:. > >- r
»d»i V '*• 8m"«m «if flmjuf, t'-Uuit*, left*

fVral NV.’ir.

Outwardly lid* I- n large i|unt(o volume, hand
•ninety pi tut oil, of SMI pnge* "• <«’«* »nd W of
preface, content* nml errata, it iih Any one plain*
— IH tinted nml ft plain lUhngmph., anil 1- phnUw
graph*, rubhahod hy ardor* oft ho H<ng*l Ooterte
moat, no pain* hai been spared tu make it look
wnll by prill lor. or lithographer*.

Ilndtlh* liny*, tin blrthpUf*ofnu«llli,.m,
tho Holy City of (Ho grrat inmiaallr region ol
KbUm A- a, i. u pinto of much inluroti, ami lira
llltitlratloti of Id lualory uid antiquities - -oil
ilmurrlng tJio pntroiiago uf Government li>
remain* hnd nlroady been Itilomorttoiillllu.UnUil
J,y BiMhnnoit llarallton. Major M. K.itoe. Oonoral
Cunningham. Mr, IVrguiuon, amt other*, nml In
tin. bulky ml mira Dr. lUJomlrnttla Xlli in uka*
up tho *ulijnc4 with a tkm, wn iMtpl.i ospoel, to
an eihouativo trualim nl nf It, It may I Wefin-e
ran hn out of plnco hoie lo oumtno. iramvalinl In
doliiil. In»» lie ho- porforimd (hi* pltbllo la*. nnd
lo indipalo the quality of llio content- of lltl* largo
rotumf. Tbo author !i*« *uch n roputo ** a ucholor,
that no ouo o*n wonder Umt tho llcngal Govern-
meet eotrnoud him »Uh *o imporlattl * duty Bui
of Into he ha* oo frequently contradicted on r gtoalcei
authorities ill Indian Antlquitlo* ,1. IVrgiiraun.
D.C.L, and Oonerni Cunninglinm— nwn of true
genius, wboliavo done loaling aervico tolhc*’ib|ecl
of (hair npocinl study ■— llin( II eootns doairablo to
Irani whether ho or they ipmk with lira greater
know ledge nnd Mtiiorkty, or whether die Bengali
Doctor i* not llaWn to mistake- nf even more
■ariou* character tbnn the nuthoutlw lie Jiltura
from.

Tho gr#n» point aimed at m tKv volumt Krmn
to Ira to proro thnt Mr. Fergnmon i. wrong In
attributing (lie building or the gnat Jluddhn Gay*

• Vr.m, 7 lit dlftcmt «>• nl >"=>M H

■ It m n.ails a woMerpirl M tin Uillmlnnni Uiiql..
at Porai *l‘liu «•> I'Matad W» till* Jajraiiiik*, IWI-lilT

temple tothulhiriaf»o,— though hiM0|dnl<m i- fully
bortK'Oni by the Kyle. o*|«elally when compared
with Unit of i, «l-t ir g renin ni- nl';. >ii|il--u<« limit tho
a*mc again II ill n in,* nnd >u[i|n>ited hy lira evUlanra
of inscription*, mm nf nliw-li rccnnl- lira m|mira nr
rebuilding of |1« lompln m 1108 a n.," nml Llic
oiI.it diitiicllv kUIO- (p, 308] (lilt till* temple
"iron rcnalrurted a fixartla time and flnlabvd nit
Friday llio 10lb day of Pyadola In iho S.kkaidj
ypar ltd? (1305 » r»k" Tlra nulhor on lira runt rory
hold™ tlui— n. there "i" a gn*nt temple heir in
tln 'tlt »<nlury.— lint -till etl-img mtl.l bn the
■ami i llio narmt-ii could only have plnuori-l It,
and done -ome trilling rr.|nur> 1
At p. I W »e meet a aulomeut that might hare
been on panted in llamn Munebaemn, nml tliorr I*
no turreolion o# u In ((. Rrrala It I* lo tin olTi<t
that lira author mnamred (en Iralch., nnd lira flr-t
wn- K. 6 0' - b ft * 8' 7 -that brick of
Juki' dln*en»lotiit wonlrl be n puulo ftir mnthoni*.
tielan* wlm taurt that llioro ate nnly three dimen
•ram i nnd lira other niira wore ntm exiiMrdinaiy
hrlck-, for Uny t»m»iiiv-l front 14' to 10 ftel ii
length, «omo it* H nml other* 10' 6 hioad nnd
8' 3 to 3' 7 ' thick t We Imre *nen big brick, ol
I grout oge. hut ii(4hina bkc th» -i«e ol tliew
|n»uldy, however, it i« n nnauke or ritlrar n
•orif* of nUlukc*. of wliiuli the author an wall n»
tho prlnlor rnu.l almro tlra lilumr
We pnn front tin author’* uUo« on tbe rejm-
•citntioi of the m tt% of brirk*, to tkow on
l'nlicceitiiliBy, wliitli nrc n* «l range- . At p. 31.1 lie
romnrkn thnt the "CliUdnntn" eleplant, -o well
known m Umldbiit mythology, could Irate tern
neither a Mtuloilm InVejuulon nor .If. Mini-
piifmi, nor yn nil Iff,/ >tn# of lira s*rymf,nt. fiumlea
or emfvjibnsi'* ipptin. hut piohully tho ciln. -t
llllfafolaKin SM •’ Tbl* king eaiin-t firraii
animal ho beUerea to have been remembered by tin
early Hindu. (|i IMP. Arc the reprou nintion-
o f the t.'hlmdnutu Klephant like u HlppopoUmiie r

8oe Ciawfoif. KuiUnpt* dm ffltoed.lreh I.
P * Sw J< /. He. tel XXXVII. r W-

Ill

THE INDIAN* ANTIQUARY.

[Amu.. I8e»‘

8on>n c/ tlic illustration* "ill amuse. If they do
not (Mptoi, tho render; ill m ou plate vii. is
given » photograph of tho 1 Southern K.pnlo c»f
the OretAT6w»plo‘i which in intdligiblo enough, but
the next plate In tho tome tiling “ restored. ” No
one looking at it would rappoio that Iho Bret could
are* he >o n- to look the lout like tho

lecond i their proportionate height* to die liotlom
of the finial (which In dortruyod ill the ilr»t) ere nn
;l to 5. We teni to the text |>. Tfl, and aro told
in n footnote ihni the plnte in wrong t "tho
number U atoceyo above the Urraco nbciuld lio
night in in I bo photograph" Itbo first ■« suppose)
"ond not nine." Hut ov.n thin comKiioo would
not meko tho two in any way com|mr»l<ta The
author In dying bin hood at a • restored dmwing’
line foiled to nee that both the proportion. and the
iUouI* of llie original nlioold bo followed , and. not
Inning attended to thin, bin restoration it a'dalu*
•ion. AfWcompuiug there two plates, on leaking
neat nt the 1 restored Porvh of the Or out Tempi® 1
in pinto mi, of winch "llitra it nt presonl notueh
structure,* tho roador will luivo no betiitlloii in
ronrltwlmg Ihtl It never did nor could huvo existed
— unUsa It hail been put up ill the lUlh oeritury.

Till, failure to comprehend wlml in before
him, muit aeriiiunly iiIToS the value of nny re*
oontUiKtioti Dr. lUjmiilroUla may attempt.
We duubt if lie .o un.lrr.iond. tbo . Inmenla that
enter into Iho iliUinMion of aucoraalvo form, of a
•tyle, an to be able to judge of the raluo of a re*
ntoratioii of any building.

4'rem arohllorturo we tum to tho sculpture. re-
proteotod in hit many tint*! pUtni ; anil of |h«aa
wo first rainavk generally dial Iho IMune given
to (bo llgiirrt lire not m<h a. nre usually met with
in Hindu or Boddliial aeulpturei i live In... aro
two narrow Ulow. and jutl lucll m atudont. from
our School! of Art are moat apt to draw if not
carefully watrhod and kept right. In the .mailer
derail* al*o there are wrora of oareleemeat and
inacimrary that the author ought not to have
tolerated aomo of theso we ahall ranrnrk Mow.

Dr. HAjcndraUIn, huwerer, wlnlat intcul on con-
trod ii’iingnlmthnciwi.id'r* tho mistakes of Oeneral
Cunnlngluun, Mr. J Fvrgniaon and Profoator
Weber, liai but .hort ipnoo to duvoto to live ik-
•eriptwa and explanation of the deloila of the
aculpturea he prcutnl. i but bring a notiveof India,
and having a great re potation for aoholanhip, it
could liardly be aup|<»wl ho wonld make any
miitake in mythology. We are torry, however,
to havo to pair* out ovon In Ihia dep a rtment auch
error, as ho might eorely have eoaily avoidod.

• Hire the diangMwnan In. owlu.it ha tail.

• Urn t»ie lb. oPnlanl-. bred, re^rewl.d ia tba
■rnlplrc, a {suited la Ui. Jnv.ij

At p. 133 is a very meagre account of tho sculp-
ton* on plate xx. fig. 3. Tho central figure n
Daddha under Iho Bcdlit tie* oonTcntionolly re
presented by two lenret i and round him are soma
of tint priiicijnl scene* in tlia legend of hil life.
Below, on hi* right, is a representation of tho tlory
told by Hlwon Thaong, of Duddha at M at h u r A
when tho monkey brought him a pot of honey and
then fell into a tank,* and waa drowned, but. for tin*
moriloriona act, boctuno a man in tho next birth.
Above this ia tho well known incident at Rijn*
grill a. In which rho elephant lol looio to kill
liuihlha, is vepreuontad* knecllag «i the feel of the
t.aeher. Above this, egnin, i* the Ban Aran aeene
Of Buddha anted (In tho liWimirAirh-a i.sdnl) anil
first preaching hia law. On tho opposite aide a,
annllar representation ia perhapa intended to re*
present him on liia visit to Svargn to leach hi*
mother) and jnat below it i. tho aeene whore MahA
ModgalAyuia re<|uostod him to dcurend. Below
tin. U MAyiddvl holding the branch of a treo,*
and on tho lowest ei>m|s.rtmi'iii I. represented.
H«'oixliu« to cualmii, the maker of die image.
Above all ia tho A'lredao aeeiio. Such alalia are
abundant about Uuddha-OayA, all repreaenting
the same favourite aeenea, non* of which nve<l ba
miatakon. In tho FAnok I’Aodav* temple (bare
u a very gool exnmplc of II where Ilia monkey in
tho Orel oml the nl* phaiit in the soioiul arena are
very w.*ll cut . nUo the drer Mow the HaiiAras
aoene, and u *AI Ino at the brad and (re* of the
oirnfeu flgare | whilo in the Hvarga aoane a die
rlplo ia making namafAdn. to Ilia • landing Bud-
dim, as related by Pa- Hum .and the infant nnddla
it represented as being born from die side of
MlyA— Sakra making mutto nt the great even!
Hound tho nimbus ia the formula Y- dAonsn \*fu.
* 0 „ and on tho pe<in.lnl is on inscription, dated
in the 11th year of King MahlpAla’a reign
which mala thus t—

t’l fr»w'nufn'in'jnrfitrt'n4r»r

rt « - » wt Str T*tT nrai nifti t fa «m-
[ »] ...... h-trrfinrnrrfrRfc'l^'An^fMT- -

lamrffflHftipiTTrt , *f*nh ««*<*•<

I'D faffi . .

•iflvilW it

Why has Dr. RAjeudrahUa ponied over all this in
entire silenrof The dtUlle are just wlut give
interest to the sculpture, ami tho inicriplion to far
fixes it* ago.

On plato xxx. aro represented threo figures,
which he regards os 'Buddha and attendant*
or diiciploe' (p. IK) s but if wo look at the two

• T>.b ta » \m\lj draws Oat no m woaM wokua*

4U0X UlU hlUlldd.

A pun, 1880 .]

BOOK NOTICES.

115

attendants, the iiaAnff (turban) or lop knot at
onro indlcatee dial tboy «ro not dlMtpUi (who are
new no rcpretenlcd), but all three lire Buddha*.
On plate ni. fig 3 i* another aimiUr ooil|Kuro
■hirh bo haa foiled to explain (p. 135), though It
la plainly enough Buddha travelling, with 1 n <1 r a
tlve niju of Bwnrga carrying tlvo umbrella ov< r
him. and N A g a r A j a llm king erf IMudo with tbo
tiapfuphiita or covta-hoodod cobra' and blaring
i lie bj>iiinf.ilu or water Imtda.

Tbo object In tbo lap orf Buddha (plate nill.
fig 2| nemi to bare perploied ouraulhor(p. 13*),
yet it la unite common in tbo lour niproecmta-
lioua of Buddha, and Indiinte* no penance, ua bo
imaginoa, but ia aimply tho AUMtfpcffni.*

With the ripniannlaUont of ilia lladhiaatt«M
be aeema to be cren loaa acquainted Ihnn with
llioae of tho Buddhn. , for, (on p 13(11 be raako.
out 11 k- 4* on pi. alii, with tbo rfciArn elinhu
on bio hand, to bo AvalckluAwara— which It
nortaialy lo not. On pl. ax fig. 1. lit* figure now
•oroliipped a«T A r ft d 4 v I. •« indeed originally a
/o*m of i‘adina|4nl. though it lo hardly ovor rooog.
nlaoil aa .uch, bul ia well known a* 8 1 iti h a n A l hn
f, a k A 4 v u r a— anally racngnUad by the lion which
aUMila him. and on which he ia aometlmoa rapro-
Minted na aealod. Al tlio right aide of lUU figure ia
•ml, lit Uttora of tho 8th or Vth renlury, tho worda

6H flr.rf.il tyuipi. winch nollhor the art lit nor

tho author haa noticed. Tho figure on pl. ml!,
fig 3 mop bo FadnvapAni.D* ho a»y»,— bul it ia mueh
more like M Inn a Alba or Manjogie-tbe . am) thus
on pint* xxiil fig. A, t« not I'edmaplnl. for It haa
n 1*11 in the him bund me I a /ala yitlra in ilia other,
and U a figure frequently noon In IrmpUo of the
Abhyantara aeet of BuddbUt* Figure 3 on tilt tamo
plate la aimilaily wrongly mllod 1’admapApi
Ip. 13fl|, for it haa the northern atylo of dree*,
daaonbod by Vnriha Mlhim at appropriate lo
8 fi r y a, with ttooklngo on hio feet and heo kdaa
flower* in hi* hands.

Figure 3 on pl. axxil ia the image now wor-
ahipped an VAglAvarl. Thia tho uuthor
mUtnkcu for VajnapAoi, whilat it ia undoubtedly
a form of Manjuirl, tho Baddlii* god of
learning, of winch V A gl * v a ra (IMUrfunro) ia
a well known name among the RuddbbU of
N'epAL — a fact that might have kept tho learned
author right. The three figure* (pl«. nix, and
xiri. figa. 1 and 3) which ho rail* MAyAdiM* (p. 1371,
wo au.prct are not to, for what tho BAbu callo a

' Tli la .rain >• ««iW mliropreemtnl in the plate.

• !l i» tho.*** ia Uit» imiffv* io

I,”— tat ariftftto of fcrd art »

turret* j <*■ p. lit be rHmtoAf.iwi " plito *i*/' »hfo b*
nir.wi, id. aiai On p. lBtWtio«(*ako 12*»=1IM»-D.

“ Sn an old man (iihiriwd the Writer.

11 Thi float or pauper pur erf kanla are io tb( rfAareu-

tilukn ia really n third eye which MAyftdovi ia
never represented with i— thcac uro meet probably
Tantric ferma of TArA.

Tli* auppoied female Demon, plate xxxi. fig. 2,
ia V a a n d h A r 4.- and hero again the llibu per-
hapt forgot lna ajactoclo* "bun Im eumlned tho
originnl. for llwre are no Aoract an the atnno (at
on bi> drawing) but pfyif Tliia figure it common
on tho nut tide of tho great tope at SAnahi . at
laaat three lay there, not long ago. among tho
mini. In BaiiArna there ia a Aim black otcaio om
with oaver, lng> below, and an tnaorption i nadfftar*
Wie of the face* of the dial ia alao that of a pig.

Again fig. 1 pinto mi it another iiuago of
V u mi d h A r A. which Im " fnnuloa'’ U •• mtoadrd
for hiritri DAvl, who bin up|unmily aaiacd an
opportunity to have n drivo in the chariot of her
(unbuild the iim-ir-l Sfirya" <p. 132). Wlwro in
India did lie gel hold of aimli aa idea H and the
Imran* I— why, he baa Indoi.l repnaoncod thant by
aarnn honat head-, bul tbo alone lina Awr * !

Plot* Mil. fig. 3 rcipraaeuli an image of a dfivl,
brought from the ruin* of llm mono. Wry to the
north of the temple i*“ by natimntion it ia about
7J fe«t higli by l Invtul Tina figiim with Ha nuio
pain of band a 11 i- not accurately dnarnlHid liy oor
author, (p. 138) nor (lore be notice the inoorlpUou
below it in loUura of tho BUi or ICth century,
which real-,—

( 1 ] foftftif U't

ctlUjdjn* wt p#
f*i «**«•

[*; HrifirijcfTtlDfifilficl.

What bo call* In tbo text (p 138) • anothor r*.
proaeolutiuii orUikadfirl.' bul on the plate (*«.
fig. 7) ' a figure of BilddW-U a form of TA r A.

Figure Ion pl. ill be mil a a NAgnkaijA (p 138).
why a inolhnr with bor child In her lap ohould lie
mlleda Auaiyd or ‘maiden,* hodden not tell ua. The
die— iaauflicient to xhciw that Ilia "dorotoc,"oupl.
xxiii.it only ntdlilmor figure ofa laic, ouolioiiwere
often preeeated by woralnppore to th* taanplaa.

Keen Hindu goda, the author tnittismee, thin
'p. 13») lie call- fig. 4 on pl xx. Tr 1 1 h v t d t v I,
• I, xn it ii evidently Y a ui u n ft on tbo ioctoiac,
a* r^ireenntod ngain and again at ElurA. at
Hdayagiri in Bhopal, and claowhcre. Fig t an
pl. xxii. lie haa not reolgaiacd at the Buddbiat
If a Ii ft k A I a. Tho tiibjcct rcproientcd in (date
xxvi. fig. 2 ii nt tie Mahant'a monaatrvy. built into

tAelra melt'd I tbo iMd band* fraa Mow anv-fcj

beh<t*i 3rd in Hie nr. mielnt ftilrenw with pr.»relT| (
tlh, Uhl. tic Wi'«-ip* if — • cd i Mb. .. the ta.,ual alii
loV. ui ledilini breuna i Oh, bnlda tlw M.cpom or ritron i

| 7lb. tbo on t— . fill, IU i.i ,m , and ink. tk- parato. Of
lb. 1,0. the 2nd ia brelea. It- Wi kohl. Ua *ev'n, a«b,
llo I .<i,i -...Tl i 31b. lb. UUO, , Oh. lbeadti. 7th. lb.
eftakra ; 8th, the rfhiupi (f| . axd Ua Mb ia brJwn.

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY

[A ran. 1ft*

tho Muth'Okit corner of theserroundirg wiUI. out-
side : below in mi iiiu'iiptxm in diameters of Iba
8ih or 9ih MnMiy i— riii*ui*pfttWA<gciiif/aAAff<
draiy* — “tG'Jf) ot PaindnpAlika Hliiyorolr.ibha-
dm." 1 >ie ina figures on which I lie third Manila
ore— Bhfltl nndorlho loll fool, mid under the right
BliQto it ii n Ihutrie or secret imago of a Bodhi-
nnllwa." Iml Dr. IttjcndralAla jfu^vc » it Oil (p 139,1
"imply as n figure ol’ ilhninira.

On | Amo atilt. II# i! ho Ima n lent* alotj (pp.
lai .Vij to tell, which seems lo hare litlle In ill with
live scnlplnro eicepl that it ivdalea lo o Km mill i
bul Urn Uui1iIIi.il Kum.uu liuil human buna and
birds' wiugs and (bob Wo may rofor for raamplai
to ilia llaihl.&t lop*. <*rly Matburi, and MAvalll-
puram sculpture., or tho walt-piinlingi at AyM»d,
Hut tho figure hero baa not a fio.**'s lioad aron las
Urabmauioa legends ro|iro until tlvo Kiunaius), it
has I lie short mane and long oani of an ■««." How
would it won llso ” jewelled UOrOtlUt" he spmka c it
On tho inner side ol’ii pillar of the rail of Ibosocond
slQpa ui HAiirlil Is a stmllnr seal peine wlwrn llic
aseond figure is a ihlbl wall ihr... inungoos in bi»
liar- 1 , and rairUd on her side over the rooh. by this
asinine mother. Ho burn, wn suspect, il Is her non
•be holds by tho hand. A third OMtnpU wn. foni.il
riM iilly by Mr, llurgosa at IliiAjh where II ooours
in tho midst of a crowd of Oliver Ugiiros. Il nx.it
prohobly mliilos lu n.mo alory uf a Uurdublil ddvl,
ns yel unknown.

I tile smv. Ilg ,% represents n non sluing ku
front of a cavu on u roiky bill,— not n stm»
h-.nse ui Uie lUklm lias it ip »D7>- In all aoulplures
and pointing* of Ilia Buddhist period, bills are
represented ns in ibis figure.

Tho "aerobllle perfoimnnie" | P . 118) in fig I
plolc x«»ni. is familiar loua III Itaddliut realptum
a- n GimJAiriMytayeicf, or aUtuidlarva nnd Apsurn i
and lig. 0 Is well known as a MrM.'meAU (also
plain nil*. II*. »>.

Plain jliii— Um DKtr*n4MI*man<M* pcrple.os
the loarnr-I doctor ip. 1 111 )— he dees not even
(five il- nnrne Hut in tho ami of nlniest crery
Itiiddliiwi temple two or moro of lbo*o ore to he
torn nf stone or hnwi or ether metal " They vary
in detail" bul am all of tho *amo type. Tho ouler
bond it ie>t“ of leaves" ai he describes it. but flnn-j.
aiul the circle isnsIM jt ll Uxili , Ibu lii-l, nv'i draft;
and ihodrd, pmhwlr ili. In.ido ibis u th#>iya«(or
surrounding wall) with Us font doom, and in the
controls the duns or scot, epos which is sometimes
laid II largo aqfrn. At the Svayiunhhundtli lope in
Ncphl is a large gilt copper Dtamettt'f'sinaadaf.i
nnd on it lies n huge mjra with an inscription of

" A ciontc'intl III thi. filter* say Ka avro is a l^ata la
Kafflia'a/ain (nil. II. p. Ml. from a metal nut fowl um
Ike iu. untu m Dice* or I'rsbi.

tho time of PratHpamnUa. I lie Mahnyttsa -octane,
aay that Indiu mndomrlt a ill rone for flilkya Muni
■hen I— ■ was obiHil lo become n llnddha. : it closely
ronombloa tho ariuastiairpa of the Jainns

Moro than too |«igos (1*0-83) aro dovotod lo
I iron iliut General Cunningham was unite wrong
m sitppoelng Ihni tho Agars in pksto 1. rcprcooms
Apnlly or Silry* Now Oonoml Cuiininglutn's
account is quite comet — bo spatks of ibo " two
aueiuWnls" Uoworor wiilinul staling that they »ro
fumnles. Wlmt tho Blbn thinks the sculpture
does represent lie duos not nmka very clear. Wo
Imhllhat it is Httryn in Ills ohnriol i nnd similar
llguros may lie seen nt IClunl nnd Sdncbi, nnd
always with his two wives Chl-lyd and I'ntblifl.
■booling m tho RAkihsnii. Mortal women do not

nilly sheet or light Ibr tlwir husbands in Hindu
IKXtryt tho goddesses only do so and this alono is
fnlnl lo Uio idus of Its boltig any rija or hunsau
bolng who is driven in live chariot.

Wo liivu now indicated sufflolool mislakos, we
think, lo show bow niisclcntlflo Hr lUjendrnlMn
Is in Ids imMmeat of tlioso parla of bis aubjroi,
in which ho ought to ho nn-st ut home, and Urn
reader will l>s sarprisod lo learn from those speci-
mens that the gout luitiva rovuiit of Calcutta
should liiii'O born gsllty of so uncriucal a spirit
If tliimo be criliolsesaro llslvlo to oreasiotml errors,
lie liimsilf is <| ilto us meoli so. We iv.erve tlie
iiiiiii nai i> >ii ortho In script ton* for another occasion
(To i- roiiNuiied.)

Dll niv.».v»B», V«s. H. OottvensieT, ( 1 st put.l

Klneatiarri K 1. Titlm-r, lilt If *b».

The Urol initslmwit of Profoasor 8. Gold-
aehiniilt'i lotg-promisod tdlllon of the iUcaunraVt
(moro generally known ns tho SefaAnndAa or Srfu-
prwbsmUn) ha* «v«nlly npprared si Htraa.hurg
It gives llio I'rAhrit toil wilh rarbrns mnlmgs
nnd cvlllcal iwlov,* complota Xndei (Prikril and
Sanskrit,) and nn Intnxloctory essay on the
mslerkls from which the editor has constituted
Ins test, and the principle* of critinsm by which
Ito has been guided. A full aooounl of this Itn-
portonl publication will ho rendered In the Min*
Asl.yuai-y when the sccorol inslalmanl shall liave
appear tnl, which n ill giro n Gorimn Iranslatvon.
es plana lory note*, nnd a general Introduction on
tho ealbor and hi* work. HulFuu it here to say, llmt
this edition, tho outoomo of many yoar- i>f pilieni
lal.jur nnd rcicarch. will l>c suro lo secure f>i Pro-
fossor OoldBchuiidl iliolluinks ofStumkrltyiloUr.
for having so successfully accomplished whig,
may fairly Is- considered as one of the mont.ilif.
rte.ilt U.k« in Indian philology. It. It

11 We alnya rof"r lo IS. ceidMll i the plains. •• air.. ])
ni«-l. not I, isis quit- Ini«»,irllir.

" The) lao U> boa(ht io Kepai lor IU 10 I. 18

M«r, 1880.]

THE OANOAI-KOyPAPTRAM SAIVA TEMPI.K.

117

Till' ( 1 A N 0 A 1 - K O N D A 1 1 U 1 1 A M 8A1VA TEMPLE,
ii y colon ri. n. it. iiKAsmu

T HE if nu I Sairn tomplo at GahgAi-kopilapu-
rein, in the extreme north. on ti |url oHJi#
Trlol»lno|H>ly district, twcuty mile, south- west of
Chidamlitram, mul fiwi mile* norlli of the Kolli-
dnm (Culcnvion), is Uin fine*! and gmndwt Imlinn
temple I linvr aeon, bill i‘ simple in dra.gn anil
clmsir in ornament. Tbia stjle of temple, built
on anything like this scale, is rcry rare. Tho
great tonipki at Tuujore nml one Otbor near
Kumlukunum nro tlra only coinpnmble einmplo*

I inn recall- That it ia no common specimen
in ay he gathered (Vom Mr. Moore'* 7Vii)A<~,,p. Vy
IMrift Manual, p. U48, u hence the following
extracts nn taken i—

*' Inn teller publUlletl in tile /'oil Moll Van lie.
Ilf. (‘nl.lnell Ima remarked !U» Ira Ua mown
lo hope ibni future enquiry will llrmly luiuWiab
n suppwitfon formal by liim, that Ibia temple
i. .me of the great, ifnol tlra grraUXl of. |*retil
llimla temples. lie lielirvrs I lm< tfu> ol.l anil
splendid im.plo of Tunjorv - probably merely
n tmxlrl of it."

Mr. Mooro’a ika«rlpli>B iaem>n*ou«inair..ml
particular*. The an of Iho outer court, fiM by I
:i7i frr», i. an Interior mcanur for »he
which i- nrliwlly 010 ll»m "all lownll. anil Iho '
bromllli apparently Include* llMnililllhned inurl
or (lie Animnn KAvll (Uily-elinpol) attached,
only llial wunM bring up Ibc width In 400 0
There ia only ono (lujiorn (or •• </»/.• yayrann.‘J"J
mutual of aix M slalcil. an.) n wrong impresaiofl
ia given of die rninona atateof the lail.lingi,
nhluli ia Into only of the aecimu.rirs and minor
part*. The principal Mm veiylhir onler. but
the stone of the inscribed portions i< beginning
to decay and |-« , l off.

Tbe first object of intercal here is the gu'"*
atone tuWeu dediented to Siva, onnspicauus
from iU situation and site, Tor ninny ratios
mound. lUmgbly speaking, il is a fno-siniilo,
ItoasiWy Urn prototype, of lira Groat Saiva
temple nt Tanjore, which it clo.elr reicniblc*,
but it is larger in jdnn, built of better stone,
and Iras spoilt by stucco and white. wash.

A strict oim|«rieon howerer cunnot b> made
without studying tlra two temples together by

The Oai‘igai-kon.Jn-pnram temple, a*
it is now miscalled, ouiu.it. of n nine-storeyed
Willi (steeple towel) or <"Uirf,in over Iho sliiine
or sanctnury. OU loot aqunre ot the base, 1
nml nhout ICS fort high. This nppsnia to be
larger, though not higher, than any Inditn
temple of which the sire it given by Mr
KergtMioa in his volume (Tie /ffrtory of /udien
and ifiMfeiM A/rMlrtlun), The two lowest
storey, nro vertical, and composed i«! five low.**
or cimipniUnonts on well hue; n large one in
tho centre, with two laiiow oim* beside it, nml
two of inoliuin siiu outside, next lo the angle*
of lira building, all of them ringed in the sans*
hue forming u aide vf lira t<|-Bie. It would
seem morn usual in Hindu lempira for tho cm-
trol compartment ofrncli face toprv.jal or stand
forwnnl airat, the iiitrrnicdialo nest, ami the
outer, or coiner towora, to stnml buck, or I*-
withdrawn ao as to form the angles of u smaller
aquar. titan wont.! contain the central and
liii.nnciliatu projection*. The huo of lint tern-
|Ji eotifornii to a pn«*i«. sipiare. The auntml
tower or eo m part man t of oaeli faro is orna-
mented simply by 1 fi-sidod piliulei* at the
unglos, aid has a dorp niche between half-
pilaster* ia llm entire, containing a well sculp-
tured lignic m gr-iup .ii full ivltl or free stiinib
lug The l.htiik noll-piO), of winch there i-
plonty. i» covered with bud-relief tconee in wbioli
llishis bear a premiionl |*irt in company with
coontry-f.dk. herd. men, nml others, in great
variety The nlmmUiioc of tbe»* ti.ldeaii* *•
a eharaclerislio of tho temple. Tlra inter-
me. Unto narrow partitions aivi ornnmentud in
the so lira manner eicept that the pihulcn. are
ocUgomtl, whilst the outer outnparlmcnla oc
lowers at tlra foor corners of tlra temple bare
plain *i|Dare pillars sod pilsstcrs. Each storey
is mailed by a bold pi'.jocting coniee of
single (conves) lleiurc, an older form than that
of double flexure. Above tlra ao-oml storey,
tlic lower rise" in aO.cn *topi or tcvreeca pyrn-
mldally, each terrnro l.aviiig live smnll il.n.i.-l
cells, wliiali enp lira five t-.wci.liko compart-
OienU before mentiimed, diminishing in sin 1 te
the top of the pyramid. According lo Fergus
soi, these small donx-d cell* may be supporad

iit.wr.- of eomp.-irnhtc |vliutognipli', or by visiting
litem in *i»ci«~wioD

mtvirfc:. leif.^i ty let

I

Ou • I

118

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[Mil, 16&'

to tiinulute the monks’ dormitories that »'•
rounded the many-storeyed holla of the Boddliiat
v ilulnu or mooaaterior, of which tho monolithic
tomplca of* Seven 1'iigoiiao' OrO early iinitntiuus.
Three ornamental coll* form a rnoco c*m*picaou«
■l.arwctcriatic ol thin temple than ia common
• laowhere . at Tanjorn for iiiHtunoa, wbrre there
mv thirteen Storey* of coll ter more, tho cell*
being only about half ihu alio, niu const*) uentJy
far low noticeable individually. Abovo tho
aorentk at ltiglmt row of cell*, there i* n room/
termini oaeupiod by four largo bulla tv-.uvA.iuf at
the comers, ami from tlmoonlia riant a coot para-
tivoly alemlor nook surmounted by on umbrella
or Mtni-domo rrownoJ by tin) uaaal AuleM
orfiuial. The entire lomplr from btuc tohuinmlt
U of hard alone, Immght from n distant*. fur
Ihoro U non* in tho neighbourhood. On tho
out aide of IbU groat SIM or ftWae -lands
tin I'ciftmo/ido/moi or * outer hull,* a plain tret-
angular building lth> foot long by H'J f or. wide,
with n flat roof Hupportod by four roira of plain
atone pillar* nud without any window* ThU |
grand hull or covered oourt aa* oridently t
ileugned t.1 bn of two atony* In liulght, and wm
begun on that antic nl tho wort end. l-it never
completed, being only oml atorey, eighteen fie l
high, llllOUgllOUl.

Between Ihu tWnUfif'ipam, or outer court,
and tho great I Wot, there inn tbrooatorcyrd
building joining tliein tognthor, rullod IM<.
aaunfa/Hiut. covering llie Iran a re ran aialo hn.
tween tho north nnd -ooth oitranioo hy which
the ahrine i« appruaalied.* Thui portioo or
tmtUHipt ia dcaigtiod and complotod in keeping
with the grand MOh nud style of (lie PiWmi
T ho interior ia too tlark Tor iU ammgement*
nnd detail* to ho aren, nor ore • tiling.*. permit-
ted to enter tho dram. A third enlmncv ia
providod at the (intend of t he I’efiWff'f.ijnrm
by n plain nxtungulnr door in the centre, which
ia oppixtelied from witlmut by n dotilile flight of
atom! atO|«t from thu north and Booth aiilto,
aimilur to the two other pnir* of amirs by which
the troiiOTorso nule doom are approach,-!,
(iigautic atom, waidora (tW-aps/ai) guard mob
entrance. Thiatnplu building fKroiawo, portico,
and outer hall) aland* upon u grandly moulded
plinth 5 or 6 fret high, no part of which La flat,
and the whole U «p|»rtod by a lareinwt or

• It rnuur.i W fort lij «0

* Aumg i.u. «l,u.Un by tLi >■ cor fiua a

terrace 5 fret above grouud level, which project*
:l‘ lout Ihiyind the plinth and fnrrnua procwuikm-
pntli completely round tho building. Ilia term,
cd in Tuini) ofWui ' "niun-way" or "aervicc-
coorw." Tito raonlding* below tho prooumion-
putli are very hold nud good, tho ontamont of
tho vorticnl or flat portion aimuln'.ingo mngo ol
pi I In r, or puling*, alt* mutely plain and aculptur-
e .1 to ropre-ut Yilfi, (conventional liana) aud
vurioti* *ert)ll-envelo|»:d nnimala.

There in no tmoo of liorir.onlnl rail* or of any
noclrii form efatrncturo holow tho (Op of the
plintlnmoulding wliioh ia the floor lore! of Uto
timplo and 10 or 12 fret above the ground.

Al-ive that, wooden lirma lire frri|uont, na for
initanM in the projecting bourn hood* at all tire
angle*, which aro only alightly ornamented
Tho atring-oonme of griffon huad* botwoon thorn,
probably, alan reprrernU the enda of tho inter-
medium timber*. Til* whole utrwolurr point* to
Italy hi of architecture in wliieli tho boaenmnL wiu
of innaonry and lire anpuralrurture of limber

T he hrnckut* underuoatli the lower projecting
oomicu represent rampant ainmnla witli ul
tenaatod bodies like greyhound*, of a rather
wooden pattern.

The parrel or lint port of lire look wall of
enoli iwvih, balwveu the projooting loweollko
compsrtnanla, i* onnirnonud by a rnao or ionic
very florid objcol cnllod pdropuhimhaw, Thi*
il a common feature at Tanjarc and oUowIrerc,
nnd aooma to oorrrepond to our (iirnnm/no.

The rounded plinlh.immlding Jual ubivu tho
pnxv**ion-|intli ia ooveiod with inacriptlona,
tonally in eld Tamil. Many of tho Id lore uor
rc*|nind with I Ire-re on tho lav of thu Tanjoru
temple n* aliunn in pUio xviii. of Hu iiioll'e
8i Mian j’.ibo-yre/ihy, blit otliera airem imiro
moeleni, approximating to thooo on bin pinto
»i« , of tho lUXoootb century *. D. To the nil-
Initrnclel, tho archit<«nre ac«m* unooramonly
gm»J. ehaetc and aroliaio comptiv*! with tbo
comuion groat Hindu temple* of Southern India-
Tho aoolpturod Cgonw and group* thut occupy
the niclre* in tho middlo of earh Oompurlmunl
are very good indoxl, both in ihuign nnd exe-
cution. They nre cotTud in very Irard, Hire
gntmod, light coloured mono, oocaaionally np-
poaching a crcwm colonr, Tbo figure* ftru re*
pa'tMintatioiw of Siva, ' Vishnu uud llinnihd, nil

lirhi. r«|if.>iratiiix h,* ap|vir.i< out of tic ride -4 the
Bin*, fc<u annul, with >■*<—* iad mr*)'-. ml a l^arr

Ma», !$*>]

TUB UANtiAI-KOKPM’l'KAM SAIVA TEMPI. B.

of them Iw conventional and more natural Uino
is common olsc where,

Tho good state of prawmllon in which the
temple gonendly now in. may lie doe to the hard-
ness und durability of Uie alone, and in live
Idol that the kite ia very secluded and not. of lb«
busy path* of men. the highaaya of commerce,
and trucks of armies. H lias also ctcnpod the
lunatic anal of the bigoted Mullein.

The U in pie stands iu a eourlyaid ( 111 ) fool
long IC. and W. by 3501 V wide N. ami S , which
mil Uina acveml good nulxidury lempira.' andllio
ivmsina of a doable-etoroy r.i nrcndn or cloister
which oiioo surrounded II entirely. The g^yu-
rnai proper or gateway tower in the centre of
tiro nasi mil, ia very line, hut ipiito -ulxmlinate
lo lbs temple (mWuum) itself. It i- of good
More tliraughnilt, but Ima Ingilll In fall down,
and will shortly bo a complete nun.' In My In
it asaimilauw more to llml of llai Viialnam than
Iho Tanjorc Irmpla pupuram* do, they being
llnrid nml highly ori.nte, whvrcaa this ia mom
aevuri and chaatai limn ita principal. The chief
adornment of the temple at Gungni-kimiU-puram
ia tho repetition everywhere on the o-IU and
cornices of the fun. like window orvamnt ressm-
tiling a spread poarock’a tail.

Thi niiint f I u n g a i-k o 9 <J a-o It o I a p u r a m
oceui- fn.pirnlly mi I he iroei'ipUotis, nml would
■eotii to Indicate 1 ill- ell y of«iiiiip«hVniidu.elii|u.'
There ia 11 plnao failed <1 11 11 gn i-k 00 tj l n
some 21 mil.- farther noHb, and the mime la
believed to occur elsewhere in Noutborn India,
The local legend, per hap- invented to account
for II I' name. -Ule- Ihut n pious pilgrim,
whose life and «t length were -pen! in (Melting
water from lUuira- for tho woralilp at lUmilv
varaia. had a vision in which it was revealed lo
him that he should Hud a spring of Ihingcw-
walcr at thla -pot. a nwull which III* great faith
enaldwd him lo elR*l, douhllr-* lo hi- grant
material ccenforl j ami 11 line well of good water
countenance* the nudith.11. ' Gnugn{-kant}a‘
miglil signify something like 11 a tiiivit nf Oai-
g, if," or '* wafer j" yeiiyd is not uncommon in
.Southern India with the meaning of water,
especially for running water, and very many

Si.nollins in treat . This is «n.ili> to a liTU" In «•» PAw
Aval At s l.mi.V nl lams, osly »l>« satonllualo Itsum of
Vi Jinn sot Itraluut are s-solio- in lbs ivCim NSIO-

,,V - A none vh~. 1 or.-cs lb- o;irtb sidr thaw ol|ll liHsA
tulkv A Emm, (21 intil/ opioilU tho if in- o«

river names in India and Ceylon have the word
(hi ugh alHxed to tlirrn. Gahgai-kai;dn or
Gui.gai-kondin may iihuii " he who obtained (or
brooght) water," ntitlo lhar. might well have been
given lo.ur •tinned hy, the prince who construct •
i d the 1’onnuci'karai.a grcol embank mcnl iu thin
neighbourhood dcxignol for live storage and

distribution of water, no

than 111

length. A supply channel tlO mil— long was
ilioigDod to keep this great reservoir supplied
with water from tho Kulli<)nm river, ami it scorns
likely that tlw princo who designed this groat
water project, should have boon also the founder
of the givot temple at the city which wa- lo be
braoflUd hy it- The city has diaappiwrod cm
tircly, and the runil population ia now scanty
and pmr, liet the great tomplo and the -knloloa
of the greed irrigation achenw remain to tu-llfy
to the grand works that couhl ho ooaooivml hy
tho minds and executed hy the hand- of the
former rulcre and people or thi- country. The
high road fiom Madras lo Kumhakflnam pass—
within 11 mil- ol* so of the spot, hut there is •
ore— mad ftoin f.'hidaniluirsni railway -liition
n'd Mannlrgntjl, IhU leads directly to the ptsoa.
the di-teuee bmng about 20 mike.

For tlm ngo of tin- temple oon-ult the
.VaJiMi Journal - / l.-Urolurt und dfeisare, vol.
XIII. ( 1*144>. the following quotation* from
which an token from ('nplalii Cure's Collection
of JVrfWpfit* ninl Misi.n'cuJ !'*{•'• refilling I"
the ,Sii«u fuyo/iis (XUvalivsrtm), where Hu
Walter Elliot attribute- this temple to Vim IM-
jthdra CVds snmamed Kcppera-Koiarivanns.
and oik" " inscriptioss id thin aemo prinoo oa
the magnificent temple at Gangoudaram on the
north lmnk if tie Cavity, of w hich he npfwnro
lo have been the founder." "one of 111*—, in the
,Mh year of liis reign (8 W*l, a.p, 10 V>)
run- tlinsi Ko-rinljs-korerivarma named KA'
jendm Dorn, wielding the soeptre, do. Ac.”. .
" Son of IMjanljn (NarcndniJ Cliila wbcon he
-ueorded ill S. (. A.n 106 *) . . From
lb* remotenm- of llio quarries, the liarilncs* of
the -lone, the great sire of the building, und the
v*k*. amount of curving displnyo I in thelnwinent
aloiM), In low the ronndvl moulding an which the

mn./nin Sss.lilawSiaV -fdU) opimiln ike •hrins.Uitl <1
UlWiI VtiiUi V uls K-iliva fu »be ...ilh*..l rorasr

is Ml t*»l .( o.nul V ilitistn, (Unolk of lh. sbrinsw

Vil.snAlbs'a, llstskra KnilAra 1 set (*| earth of lb*
reit ia • MojirKoni -bib M the MM »>«

it lb* toll b'ssdl.-ll'. ' H n«Miiw / 4 (Ml by 4U.

120

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

[Mu, ISS".

iuurtptiona mostly occur, I do not think ii
probable that ho much of tlio work ooald Jmve
bm dOM in five j ear*. The wliolo design wn*
never completed, perhnpabccaune il took longer
than tlm reign of the prince who founled it,
nnd I ihoohl think thut the Omar. Vim Ana alone
mnit have been nearer &) jeani I him live in
Imildlng,

The epooh of Vim K,\i> i !■•» Cht.U «.i . l"l-l
(to 1079 and later) mere" well refabliehrd, and
hi* identity with the “ Koppara.Kmurirarron,
nUo eallftl ITdaiyir Sri Riijendra llevar” of the
Vniahanva (Tamil) inscription* at the Seren
Pngoila*, ao that tlio yiwr 10W) *.P. eocm*
hardly too enrty for the foundation of thin
temple.

NOTES ON THi: TAN HU Pin. A VANS OF TRAVANKORR

BY RET. «’ J. hit'll ARDH, C. M
The men oftlreTar-lu Pulayaii* (or Pulayan*
who wrnr Tauija gra«) wear lire ordinary lower
cloth of tho kind worn iu this country, hot the
datinctiro name orUio In Ik eoroo. from tho
woiuon'a dre.a, which la a rery primitive nmole
indeed. The lcnve« of n certain wator-pUnt
are cut into length* ri a foot loo*, and tied
round the waial in »ueh u fu.hi.in that the
Hlriiign unwoven hung in n Ire.hy toil behind,
and present the aatire nppoarenoo in front,
reaching nonrly to the km*«. Till* ia acootinWd
for by n tradition that in former daye n eorUln
high cute man of that reg ion had linen anwing
grailK nnd planting vigi-mM— ill hit Held*,
but found tlmt hit dully work «*■ in mtiie un-
known wuy fruitin'. I . for whatever he plnnli
id or Howotl iu tlio day -a. .wrufUlly pickitl
up and takon " when men alopt " No ho art a
watch, and one night ho uoming out or a
hole hitherto unknown to him, oertain being* like
men but unite naked, who net to work destroy-
ing hia hope* of a crop. Poiwoing them, ho
Mirceolid in catching n man and woman, and
he "At to impmteed with ahame at their 00 u-
ditien, that he gave tlio man hi* own upper rloth
which wn* hanging on hi* *honkl«r. and rondo
him put U on, but not haring one to >|wre for
the woman, *lie (following MnlhrrKre’* rumple)
made homelf an apron of grant n* abore de-
scribed Theao wore the progenitor* of the

8. MISSIONARY, ClYlTAYAM.
nuintroua *lar«w wlio am found Ilium al i hi. day
They mw al*i> culled AW, or Pll Piilnynn*, from
having nrlginalcd ii* nhovmid.

Then language i* Malaya lam. They wonthiplhe
ami nnd heuvanly bodies, and I hare *rrn among
• him a litllo temple about tho *i«c of a largo iwli-
hit hutch in which «m a plank for tlio spirits of
tMr deceased auemioru lo come end rml upon.
The spirits are alto .upp-rd to tUli In tho
Imckwntoru, nnd tho pliMphomioonl appeuranoe,
•eon MinoUinoa on elm aurfaoo of -tlio water. U
Inkon «»t an tndioaUon of their pm-, nee.

Tlio food of tho Piilnynn. it lUh often cooked
with arink and with live lilinoeou* rooU of
certain natcrpliuit*.

When vi.iled Itlxiitl 11—1 o'eloek tiny are
found intoiwwtcd, »>|i>ially the men

They II vo In the MnlnyAInu country, Tnivnn-
kow, loath of Cochin, between the backwater
and the *na, nnd another diriaion of them i*
found more south near Alcppey, who are Bulled
A'uuuti Pnb»y««». Th«W0 wear rather bettrr and
tnnrenrlUlicnlly rondo 'apron*/ When a girl of
the Tni.nU P.layiina pula on thi* garment— a
aign of maturity Tor the flr«t lime, there inn
ceremony called tlio Tnniju mnitinge. The «tate
of them* poor people ia virtually flint of slavery,
t hough *omn of them pc«n«M property . I should
ho glu-l to w in the dnLfu/irp any notas of
similarly drew**! notirea of India.

NOTH ON A ROCK-CUT INSCRIPTION PROM RIWA.

BY DR. A. T. RUDOLF HOEBNLK, FUILOLOGICAL BRCIUIYARY, ASIATIC SOCIETY Or BENOAL,

The inscription under ootieo wn* not long
ago »ent by Mr. M. A. Markham, Collector of
Allahabad, lo the Aiktia Society of Bengal. 1
It had teen discovered by bim in a rare near
tire fall* of Kent! Kupdu on a tributary of the

Tiinwn* in (lie RiwA Slate. Of lire loenlity in
which it was found. Mr. Markham gave the
following charming description in a *ab»r<]n«nt.
communication: "As tlie nnme of the pln«<
(Kooti Kuod»> iinpliea, them i* a pool, into

■ Sm Ue Frieml.-fi of M«rth 11*0.